CN105787263B - A kind of definite method of large-scale shallow water lake strength of turbulence spatial framework - Google Patents
A kind of definite method of large-scale shallow water lake strength of turbulence spatial framework Download PDFInfo
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- CN105787263B CN105787263B CN201610097002.6A CN201610097002A CN105787263B CN 105787263 B CN105787263 B CN 105787263B CN 201610097002 A CN201610097002 A CN 201610097002A CN 105787263 B CN105787263 B CN 105787263B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of definite method of large-scale shallow water lake strength of turbulence spatial framework, including：Lake region prevailing wind direction for many years is obtained based on history weather data analysis day by day；Each mesh point east, south, west, north 4 orientation offshore distance in lake is calculated, mesh point offshore distance under 2 prevailing wind directions is chosen and sums it up as lake remoulding indes, and then obtains the spatial distribution of remoulding indes, characterizes the spatial framework of lake strength of turbulence；Each mesh point concentration of suspension in lake is obtained according to actual measurement or remote sensing image inverting；Each mesh point remoulding indes of calculating are subjected to correlation analysis and spatial framework consistency analysis with corresponding concentration of suspension, it is whether consistent according to the remoulding indes spatial framework of foundation and concentration of suspension spatial framework height, and it whether there is extremely notable positive correlation between the two, carry out the efficiency analysis of remoulding indes.The present invention is suitable for all kinds of large-scale shallow water lakes, while operating method is easy, easy to spread and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental science and monitoring technical fields, are related to a kind of Lake Water energetic disturbance strength determining method,
A kind of more particularly to definite method of large-scale shallow water lake strength of turbulence spatial framework.
Background technology
Easily sediment resuspension is influenced shallow lake caused by by the hydrodynamic(al)s force-disturbance such as stormy waves, and sediment resuspension exists
Control Shallow Lake Ecosystems structurally and functionally play an important role.Influence of the hydrodynamic force to Shallow Lake Ecosystems
It is many, mainly includes：
1）The disturbance of stormy waves causes the internal loading of nutritive salt and phytoplankton recovery in bed mud, adds water nutrition
Concentration, the growth for promoting algae, promote primary productivity to improve；
2）Changing the redox environment of water-soil environment makes microorganism change, so as to influence the degradation of organic matter and ore deposit
Change；
3）Determine cyanobacteria sinking, floating, vertical migration and horizontal drift, and then control cyanobacterial bloom spatial and temporal distributions and
Migration accumulation；
4）The settling flux of deposit caused by hydrodynamic(al) force-disturbance often adds the concentration of suspension of overlying water, promotes light
Attenuation, reduce euphotic zone depth, often inhibit Primary Productivity of Lake and influence submerged plant spatial framework；
5）Hydrodynamic(al) force-disturbance can destroy submerged plant and emergent aquactic plant root, stem, leaf, influence plant growth and distribution.
It is shallow lake that, which there is more than 1/3rd freshwater lake in China, and the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River is even more that China's shallow lake is concentrated
Distributed areas summarize the typical large-scale shallow water lake such as Poyang Lake, Dongting Lake, Taihu Lake, Chaohu, and hydrodynamic(al) force-disturbance is in these lakes
Vital effect is play in pool water environment and ecosystem development.Therefore, quick, easy definite large-scale shallow water lake
Hydrodynamic force strength of turbulence is the premise and basis for carrying out lake ecological environment evolution research.
Hydrodynamic force strength of turbulence spatial framework is obtained there are mainly two types of method, a kind of method be by multiple website waves,
Lake current instrument Simultaneous Determination, another method are that conditions setting carries out hydrodynamic simulation under prevailing wind direction.Hydrodynamic(al) force-disturbance is strong
The on-site measurement of degree will set up the even tens of set waves of more sets, lake current instrument Simultaneous Determination hydrodynamic force strength of turbulence in different waters
It is extremely difficult.Even if carry out hydrodynamic intensity Simultaneous Determination, the hydrodynamic force strength of turbulence value of acquisition also tend to be it is discrete, very
Difficulty is interpolated on different mesh points.And hydrodynamic simulation is often to obtain under the conditions of preferable boundary condition and wind field, with
There are still larger gaps for hydrodynamic force strength of turbulence under actual environment.What is more important either on-site measurement or hydrodynamic(al)
Power is simulated, and had not only been needed expensive instrument but also had been needed professional person, it is difficult to quickly realize hydrodynamic force strength of turbulence spatial framework really
It is fixed, therefore the influence research for carrying out general hydrodynamic(al) force-disturbance to environmental element can not be met.
The content of the invention
The present invention seeks to establish a kind of definite side of simple, quick large-scale shallow water lake strength of turbulence spatial framework
Method, suitable for all kinds of large-scale shallow water lakes, while operating method is easy, easy to spread and application.
In the present invention, the height of large-scale shallow water lake mesh point concentration of suspension reflects the strong of mesh point hydrodynamic(al) force-disturbance
Weak, in the art, concentration of suspension is commonly used to characterize hydrodynamic force strength of turbulence, judges the validity of remoulding indes.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of definite method of large-scale shallow water lake strength of turbulence spatial framework, the described method comprises the following steps：
S1, lake region prevailing wind direction for many years is obtained based on history weather data analysis day by day；
S2, each mesh point east, south, west, north 4 orientation offshore distance in lake is calculated, it is off line chooses 2 prevailing wind directions
Lattice point offshore distance is summed it up as lake remoulding indes, and then obtains the spatial distribution of remoulding indes, characterizes lake strength of turbulence
Spatial framework；
S3, each mesh point concentration of suspension, concentration of suspension in lake are obtained according to actual measurement or remote sensing image inverting
Height reflect the power of mesh point hydrodynamic(al) force-disturbance；
S4, each mesh point remoulding indes of calculating are subjected to correlation analysis and spatial framework with corresponding concentration of suspension
Consistency analysis, it is whether consistent according to the remoulding indes spatial framework of foundation and concentration of suspension spatial framework height, and two
It whether there is extremely notable positive correlation between person, carry out the efficiency analysis of remoulding indes.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the definite method of " prevailing wind direction for many years " is specially in the step S1：
Based on long-range meteorological observe data, analysis north, north-northeast, northeast, east-north-east, east, east-south-east, the southeast, south-southeast,
The frequency that 16 south, south-southwest, southwest, W.S.W, west, cc north, northwest, North by Northwest wind directions occur, so determine east, south,
Lake prevailing wind direction for many years under west, 4, north orientation.
As a further improvement on the present invention, offshore distance calculating method is specially in the step S2：
According to each mesh point in lake, determine the orientation offshore back gauge of its east, south, west, north 4, calculate each grid
Offshore and then obtains the space lattice of remoulding indes apart from adduction value for characterizing lake remoulding indes o'clock under 2 prevailing wind directions
Office.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the mesh point is dimensioned to 100m*100m to 1000m*1000m.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the spatial distribution acquisition methods of concentration of suspension are specific in the step S3
For：
Based on full lake, several concentration of suspension interpolation for being uniformly distributed website measure obtain the space point of concentration of suspension
Cloth.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the step S3 includes 50-100 and is uniformly distributed website.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the spatial distribution acquisition methods of concentration of suspension are specific in the step S3
For：
Concentration of suspension spatial distribution is obtained based on MODIS, MERIS image data inverting.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the spatial resolution of concentration of suspension spatial distribution is in the step S3
250m*250m or 300m*300m.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the efficiency analysis of remoulding indes specifically includes in the step S4：
If the remoulding indes spatial framework and concentration of suspension spatial framework established are highly consistent, and exist between the two
Extremely notable positive correlation, the then remoulding indes built are effective remoulding indes, and otherwise, the remoulding indes of structure are invalid disturbance
Index.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
（1）It is not required to carry out wave, lake current on-site measurement and hydrodynamic simulation, you can determine the space lattice of lake strength of turbulence
Office；
（2）Operation is very easy, required at low cost, and this method only needs to know that the prevailing wind direction in research lake can calculate
The spatial framework of remoulding indes and definite strength of turbulence；
（3）The present invention, which enriches and developed Lake Water energetic disturbance, determines method, can be widely applied to be to carry out large size
Large-scale shallow water lake Hydrodynamic Process and its ecology are deepened in the research that shallow lake hydrodynamic(al) force-disturbance develops to lake ecological environment
Understanding in terms of environmental effect.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the definite method flow diagram of the medium-and-large-sized shallow lake strength of turbulence spatial framework of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the 1956-2014 TAI HU AREAs wind direction frequency that meteorological data counts day by day in a specific embodiment of the invention
Rate rose is schemed；
Fig. 3 is the medium-and-large-sized shallow lake remoulding indes definition of a specific embodiment of the invention（Remoulding indes=X1+X2）；
Fig. 4 divides for the remoulding indes space being calculated under Taihu Lake north wind prevailing in a specific embodiment of the invention and east wind
Cloth；
Fig. 5 is the Taihu Lake suspension for observing interpolation of data in a specific embodiment of the invention based on 67 websites October in 2004
Object concentration space general layout；
Fig. 6 is that the Taihu Lake based on the extraction of 50 scape MERIS remote sensing images of 2003-2011 in a specific embodiment of the invention hangs
Float concentration space general layout；
Fig. 7 is Taihu Lake concentration of suspension and remoulding indes based on MERIS Extraction of Image in a specific embodiment of the invention
Between linear relationship.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to each embodiment shown in the drawings, the present invention will be described in detail.But these embodiments are not
The limitation present invention, structure that those of ordinary skill in the art are made according to these embodiments, method or change functionally
It changes and is all contained in protection scope of the present invention.
The invention discloses a kind of definite methods of large-scale shallow water lake strength of turbulence spatial framework, comprise the following steps：
S1, lake region prevailing wind direction for many years is obtained based on history weather data analysis day by day；
The definite method of " prevailing wind direction for many years " is specially：
Based on long-range meteorological observe data, analysis north, north-northeast, northeast, east-north-east, east, east-south-east, the southeast, south-southeast,
The frequency that 16 south, south-southwest, southwest, W.S.W, west, cc north, northwest, North by Northwest wind directions occur, so determine east, south,
Lake prevailing wind direction for many years under west, 4, north orientation.
S2, each mesh point east, south, west, north 4 orientation offshore distance in lake is calculated, it is off line chooses 2 prevailing wind directions
Lattice point offshore distance is summed it up as lake remoulding indes, and then obtains the spatial distribution of remoulding indes, characterizes lake strength of turbulence
Spatial framework；
Wherein, offshore distance calculating method is specially：
According to each mesh point in lake, determine the orientation offshore back gauge of its east, south, west, north 4, calculate each grid
Offshore and then obtains the space lattice of remoulding indes apart from adduction value for characterizing lake remoulding indes o'clock under 2 prevailing wind directions
Office.Preferably, mesh point is dimensioned to 100m*100m to 1000m*1000m etc. in the present invention.
S3, each mesh point concentration of suspension, concentration of suspension in lake are obtained according to actual measurement or remote sensing image inverting
Height reflect the power of mesh point hydrodynamic(al) force-disturbance；
The spatial distribution acquisition methods of concentration of suspension include two kinds：
（1）, it is several based on full lake（50-100）The concentration of suspension interpolation for being uniformly distributed website measure obtains suspended matter
The spatial distribution of concentration.Or,
（2）, 250m*250m 300m*300m spatial resolutions are obtained based on MODIS, MERIS image data inverting
Concentration of suspension spatial distribution.
S4, each mesh point remoulding indes of calculating are subjected to correlation analysis and spatial framework with corresponding concentration of suspension
Consistency analysis, it is whether consistent according to the remoulding indes spatial framework of foundation and concentration of suspension spatial framework height, and two
It whether there is extremely notable positive correlation between person, carry out the efficiency analysis of remoulding indes.
Wherein, the efficiency analysis of remoulding indes specifically includes：
If the remoulding indes spatial framework and concentration of suspension spatial framework established are highly consistent, and exist between the two
Extremely notable positive correlation, the then remoulding indes built are effective remoulding indes, and otherwise, the remoulding indes of structure are invalid disturbance
Index.
Below with the strong large-scale shallow water lake Taihu Lake of hydrodynamic(al) force-disturbance（Area is 2338km2）For example, to the present invention
It is described further.Taihu Lake area is 2338 km2, and its mean depth only has 1.9m, the square root of area of lake divided by average
The lake power that the depth of water calculates is than up to 25.6, and when the power in lake ratio is more than 0.8, the deposit in entire lake be likely to by
Hydrodynamic(al) force-disturbance is formed on, therefore Taihu Lake is a typical large-scale shallow water lake, hydrodynamic(al) force-disturbance is strong.
Fig. 2 is based on Taihu Lake Dongshan meteorological site 1956-2014 wind directions that meteorological measuring comes out day by day frequency
Rate rose is schemed.By this figure it was determined that TAI HU AREA prevailing wind direction for northwester it is by north, southeaster is by east, by east, south, west,
Northern 4 orientation are classified, and the prevailing wind direction of TAI HU AREA is north wind and east wind.
Fig. 3 is the definition of remoulding indes, and Taihu Lake is under prevailing wind direction north wind and east wind effect, and mesh point is from northern bank and eastern bank
The sum of distance be remoulding indes.
Fig. 4 is the remoulding indes spatial distribution being calculated under Taihu Lake north wind prevailing and east wind.Two are calculated according to step S2
It is remoulding indes that mesh point offshore distance, which sums it up, under a prevailing wind direction, and as can be seen from Figure 4, there are apparent spaces for Taihu Lake remoulding indes
Difference, high level are located at west, west and south littoral zone and open waters, low value and are distributed in north, the east and southeast arm of lake and bank
Band.
Fig. 5, Fig. 6 are respectively the Taihu Lake concentration of suspension spatial framework based on actual measurement and the extraction of MERIS remote sensing images.Pass through
Fig. 5, Fig. 6 it was determined that Taihu Lake concentration of suspension there are apparent spatial diversity, high level is located at west, west and south littoral zone and opens
Spacious waters, low value are distributed in north, the east and southeast arm of lake and littoral zone, and shallow lake concentration of suspension is largely determined by wind
The influence of sediment resuspension caused by wave disturbance, therefore its height reflection wave disturbance intensity, spatial distribution refer to disturbance
Number space distribution height is consistent.
Fig. 7 is each mesh point of MERIS Extraction of Image（Pixel point）Between concentration of suspension and corresponding remoulding indes
Linear relationship chart.By this figure it can be found that concentration of suspension has extremely notable positive correlation with remoulding indes, embody the present invention and carry
The remoulding indes gone out can characterize shallow lake strength of turbulence well, be that one kind is quick, easy strength of turbulence spatial framework is true
Determine method.
Data needed for the method for the present invention and data are as follows：
1）Meteorological data：The long-term wind speed and direction data day by day of TAI HU AREA Dongshan weather station 1956-2014, for counting
Study area's prevailing wind direction.
2）Concentration of suspension data：Concentration of suspension spatial framework that in October, 2004,67, Taihu Lake website observed,
50 scape MERIS remote sensing images of 2003-2011 extract Taihu Lake concentration of suspension spatial framework, for evaluating the accurate of remoulding indes
Property and feasibility.
Operating procedure：
（1）TAI HU AREA Dongshan weather station 1956-2014 wind speed and direction observation data day by day are compiled first, are based on
Long-range meteorological observes data, analysis north, north-northeast, northeast, east-north-east, east, east-south-east, the southeast, south-southeast, south, south-southwest, west
The frequency that south, W.S.W, west, cc north, northwest, the wind direction of North by Northwest 16 occur, and then determine the orientation of east, south, west, north 4
Lake prevailing wind direction for many years, north wind and east wind are Taihu Lake prevailing wind direction for many years.
（2）Calculate each 4 orientation offshore distances in mesh point east, south, west, north in Taihu Lake, choose prevailing wind direction under north wind and
Each mesh point remoulding indes are used as with a distance from northern bank and eastern bank under east wind effect, and then obtain the space point of Taihu Lake remoulding indes
Cloth characterizes the spatial framework of lake strength of turbulence；
（3）It is empty that concentration of suspension is obtained according to the Taihu Lake concentration of suspension data interpolating that October in 2004,67 websites monitored
Between general layout, while each mesh point suspended matter is obtained in lake based on 50 scape MERIS remote sensing image datas invertings of 2003-2011
Concentration, the height of concentration of suspension reflect the power of mesh point hydrodynamic(al) force-disturbance；
（4）The Taihu Lake suspended matter that each mesh point remoulding indes in the Taihu Lake of calculating are obtained with actual measurement and remote sensing image inverting
Concentration carries out spatial framework consistency analysis and correlation analysis, finds the remoulding indes space lattice that the method for the present invention is defined and calculated
Office is highly consistent with concentration of suspension spatial framework, and there is extremely notable positive correlation between remoulding indes and concentration of suspension,
And then demonstrate the validity of remoulding indes.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
（1）It is not required to carry out wave, lake current on-site measurement and hydrodynamic simulation, you can determine the space lattice of lake strength of turbulence
Office；
（2）Operation is very easy, required at low cost, and this method only needs to know that the prevailing wind direction in research lake can calculate
The spatial framework of remoulding indes and definite strength of turbulence；
（3）The present invention, which enriches and developed Lake Water energetic disturbance, determines method, can be widely applied to be to carry out large size
Large-scale shallow water lake Hydrodynamic Process and its ecology are deepened in the research that shallow lake hydrodynamic(al) force-disturbance develops to lake ecological environment
Understanding in terms of environmental effect.
It should be appreciated that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment only includes one
A independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should will say
For bright book as an entirety, the technical solution in each embodiment may also be suitably combined to form those skilled in the art can
With the other embodiment of understanding.
Those listed above is a series of to be described in detail only for feasibility embodiment of the invention specifically
Bright, they are not to limit the scope of the invention, all equivalent implementations made without departing from skill spirit of the present invention
Or change should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. definite method of large-scale shallow water lake strength of turbulence spatial framework, which is characterized in that the described method includes following Step：S1, lake region prevailing wind direction for many years is obtained based on history weather data analysis day by day；Wherein, the definite method of the prevailing wind direction for many years is：Based on long-range meteorological observe data, analysis north, north-northeast, northeast, east-north-east, east, east-south-east, the southeast, south-southeast, south, The frequency that 16 south-southwest, southwest, W.S.W, west, cc north, northwest, North by Northwest wind directions occur, so determine east, south, west, Lake prevailing wind direction for many years under northern 4 orientation；S2, each mesh point east, south, west, north 4 orientation offshore distance in lake is calculated, chooses mesh point under 2 prevailing wind directions Offshore distance is summed it up as lake remoulding indes, and then obtains the spatial distribution of remoulding indes, characterizes the sky of lake strength of turbulence Between general layout；S3, each mesh point concentration of suspension, the height of concentration of suspension in lake are obtained according to actual measurement or remote sensing image inverting The low power for reflecting mesh point hydrodynamic(al) force-disturbance；S4, each mesh point remoulding indes of calculating and corresponding concentration of suspension are subjected to correlation analysis and spatial framework is consistent Property analysis, it is whether consistent according to the remoulding indes spatial framework of foundation and concentration of suspension spatial framework height, and the two it Between with the presence or absence of extremely notable positive correlation, carry out the efficiency analysis of remoulding indes.
- 2. a kind of definite method of large-scale shallow water lake strength of turbulence spatial framework according to claim 1, feature exist In in the step S2, mesh point is dimensioned to 100m*100m to 1000m*1000m.
- 3. a kind of definite method of large-scale shallow water lake strength of turbulence spatial framework according to claim 1, feature exist In the spatial distribution acquisition methods of concentration of suspension are specially in the step S3：Based on full lake, several concentration of suspension interpolation for being uniformly distributed website measure obtain the spatial distribution of concentration of suspension.
- 4. a kind of definite method of large-scale shallow water lake strength of turbulence spatial framework according to claim 3, feature exist In the step S3 includes 50-100 and is uniformly distributed website.
- 5. a kind of definite method of large-scale shallow water lake strength of turbulence spatial framework according to claim 1, feature exist In the spatial distribution acquisition methods of concentration of suspension are specially in the step S3：Concentration of suspension spatial distribution is obtained based on MODIS, MERIS image data inverting.
- 6. a kind of definite method of large-scale shallow water lake strength of turbulence spatial framework according to claim 5, feature exist In the spatial resolution of concentration of suspension spatial distribution is 250m*250m or 300m*300m in the step S3.
- 7. a kind of definite method of large-scale shallow water lake strength of turbulence spatial framework according to claim 1, feature exist In the efficiency analysis of remoulding indes specifically includes in the step S4：If the remoulding indes spatial framework and concentration of suspension spatial framework established are highly consistent, and presence between the two is extremely aobvious Positive correlation is write, then the remoulding indes built are effective remoulding indes, and otherwise, the remoulding indes of structure refer to for invalid disturbance Number.
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2016
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| CN1563928A (en) * | 2004-03-16 | 2005-01-12 | 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 | Method and appts. for indoor simulating refloating state of underwater deposition |
| JP2009187293A (en) * | 2008-02-06 | 2009-08-20 | Nec Corp | Time-series data analysis system, method and program |
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| CN103473463A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2013-12-25 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Method of quantitative determination of background concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus of water body of lake basins |
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