CN105787208A - Method for estimating number of victim families along river in mountain torrent disaster on basis of GIS (geographic information system) - Google Patents

Method for estimating number of victim families along river in mountain torrent disaster on basis of GIS (geographic information system) Download PDF

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CN105787208A
CN105787208A CN201610175154.3A CN201610175154A CN105787208A CN 105787208 A CN105787208 A CN 105787208A CN 201610175154 A CN201610175154 A CN 201610175154A CN 105787208 A CN105787208 A CN 105787208A
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river
river course
point
house
disaster
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徐征和
祁泽慧
桑国庆
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University of Jinan
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    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
    • Y02A10/40—Controlling or monitoring, e.g. of flood or hurricane; Forecasting, e.g. risk assessment or mapping

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for estimating the number of victim families along a river in a mountain torrent disaster on basis of a GIS (geographic information system). The method comprises steps as follows: a), k river points are selected at intervals from the upstream to the downstream along the longitudinal section of a river channel; b), resident information including the name of a householder, family population, the height of the homestead and longitudes and latitudes of a house is acquired; c), each house is projected to a plane where a river fold line is located and which is perpendicular to the earth's surface; d), the river points and projection coordinates are sequenced; e), a river curve is drawn; f), projection coordinates of each house are drawn; g), the number of the victim families is predicted. By means of the estimation method, the height of the homestead of a resident and the height of the nearest riverbed are considered, so that the prediction is more accurate, accurate estimation of the victim families is realized, the method is applicable to the conditions of smaller changing of the river channel slope and no abrupt change of the stream channel, most of rivers in a countryside are within the range, and accordingly, the method has a wide application range.

Description

A kind of evaluation method of the mountain flood based on GIS disaster-stricken amount along the river
Technical field
The present invention relates to the evaluation method of a kind of mountain flood based on GIS disaster-stricken amount along the river, in particular, a kind of house site height of resident family and bed level the most nearby being taken in so that predicting evaluation method based on the mountain flood of GIS disaster-stricken amount along the river more accurately is particularly related to.
Background technology
Mountain flood assay is based primarily upon mountain flood research and appraisal basic data, the data of three main aspects such as working base map and various places mountain flood investigation achievement carries out, carry out flood control capacity when determining, present stage is for river course, region of no relief or mountain channel tract, on river course, downstream river course ratio drops less, corresponding water surface gradient is less, when by water level-population relation that residenter house position and measurement of higher degree achievements conversion are control section, simplify stream gradient and residenter house position and control section track pitch along the river from two key elements, using approximate for the not residenter house elevation on control section line as the elevation on control section line.And the determination methods that upstream and downstream drop in village is bigger along the river situation neither one is unified and clear and definite.Therefore, find a kind of new mode to judge to cause disaster more accurately water level, the forecast of mountain flood is had the effect of reality.
Summary of the invention
The present invention shortcoming in order to overcome above-mentioned technical problem, it is provided that the evaluation method of a kind of mountain flood based on GIS disaster-stricken amount along the river.
The evaluation method of the mountain flood based on GIS of the present invention disaster-stricken amount along the river, it is particular in that, is realized by following steps:
A). river course data acquisition, k river course point is chosen by upstream to spaced downstream from the vertical section in river course, disaster-stricken village to be analyzed, and ensure that first point includes the river alongshore in village to last point, gather the longitude of each river course point, latitude and bed level value, if the information table of i-th river course point is shown as HEi(hig1, jin1, wei1), hig1, jin1, wei1 represent the bed level of river course point, longitude, latitude value respectively, it is sequentially connected with each river course point and is formed for the river course broken line consistent with river direction, 1≤i≤k；
B). gathering family, village information, gather the information of each household in disaster-stricken village to be analyzed, the information of collection includes householder's name, family population, house site height, house longitude, house latitude, if disaster-stricken village to be analyzed has N family, the information at jth family Xj (name, popu, hig2, jin2, wei2) represent, wherein POSIj (hig2, jin2, wei2) for the house coordinate at jth family, 1≤j≤N；
Namely name, popu, hig2, jin2, wei2 represent householder's name, family population, house site height, house longitude, house latitude respectively.
C). each household is projected, by the house coordinate POSIj (hig2 of each household, jin2, wei2) projection is to the broken line place, river course that step a) obtains, the plane that is perpendicular to earth's surface, obtains the projection coordinate of each household, if projection coordinate be POSI ' j (hig2 ', jin2 ', wei2 '), hig2 ', jin2 ', wei2 ' respectively represent projection after the house site height of resident family, house longitude, house latitude, hig2 '=hig2；
D). the sequence of river course point and projection coordinate, trend according to river, select the trend reduced or latitude reduces with longitude, projection coordinate POSI ' the i of each household obtained in the river course point HEi obtained in step a) and step c) is ranked up, and calculates the distance of each point and first point along river course broken line direction；
In step a), owing to first river course point includes the river alongshore in village to last river course point, therefore, the distance of calculating is each river course point or the distance of first river course point of resident family's projection coordinate's point distance.
E). draw river course curve, with the bed level of each river course point be vertical coordinate, the distance of each river course point distance first of asking in step d) and river course point is for abscissa, rectangular coordinate system is drawn out each river course point, after being sequentially connected with by the point of drafting, it is the formation of the bed level line in river course；
F). draw the projection coordinate of each household, in the rectangular coordinate system of step e) the house site height with each household be vertical coordinate, the distance of first river course point of each household projection coordinate distance asked in step d) for abscissa, rectangular coordinate system marks out projection coordinate's point of each household；
G). disaster-stricken amount is predicted, according to 5 years one, this river course chance, 10 years chances, 20 years chances, fifty year return period, once-in-a-century flood heights of water level, draw out 5 flood curves paralleled with the river course curve in step e), be positioned on flood curve or under family, village be disaster-stricken resident family when this flood occurs.
The evaluation method of the mountain flood based on GIS of the present invention disaster-stricken amount along the river, it is additionally included in the disaster-stricken amount statistic procedure of line, if river course is provided with the sensor of detection river level, real time water level according to the river course that sensor is uploaded, rectangular coordinate system in step f) is drawn out river level line, be positioned on river level line or under family, village be currently disaster-stricken resident family.
The evaluation method of the mountain flood based on GIS of the present invention disaster-stricken amount along the river, in step d), trend according to river, select to reduce with longitude or trend that latitude reduces method for: if the first river course point chosen is to river section between last river course point, the length of longitudinal is more than latitudinal length, the then trend reduced according to longitude；If latitudinal length is more than the length of longitudinal, the then trend said according to latitude.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the evaluation method of the mountain flood of the present invention disaster-stricken amount along the river, first multiple river courses point is gathered along the flow direction in river, to form the river course broken line consistent with river direction, by the longitude of each household of collection, latitude, house site height projection in broken line place, river course, the plane that is perpendicular to earth's surface；Then with bed level be vertical coordinate, the distance of first river course point of distance draw out each river course point for abscissa, and form bed level line, with the house site height of each household be vertical coordinate, the distance of first river course point of distance draw out household information for abscissa；By drawing out the flood line met for several years, be positioned on flood curve or under family, village be disaster-stricken resident family when this flood occurs, it is achieved that the accurate estimation to disaster-stricken amount.The method is applicable to stream gradient change less, the riverbed situation without sudden change, and in overwhelming majority village, river belongs to this scope, and therefore the method is applied widely.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the satellite mapping of village and river location relation in embodiments of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the location diagram of river course broken line and each household coordinate in embodiments of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the graph of a relation of the projection coordinate of each household and river course end face in embodiments of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the ga ge relation figure when projection coordinate of each household and river course end face, flood generation in embodiments of the invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described with embodiment.
Village of following academic circle is example, it is positioned at Yang Zhuan town, Yishui County, Linyi, as shown in Figure 1, give the river location graph of a relation before village of lower academic circle and its village, on the vertical section in river course, 6 points are gathered along flowing to of river, and ensureing the river course between first river course point and last river course point, the river course comprising village of lower academic circle is littoral.The data of 6 the river course points gathered are as shown in table 1:
Table 1
Gathering the information of lower academic circle village's each household, the information gathered includes householder's name, family population, house site height, house longitude, house latitude, and the data gathered are as shown in table 2:
Table 2
Numbering Householder's name Family population House longitude House latitude House site height
1 Cattle x1 4 118.846456 35.966019 194.25
2 Open x1 4 118.846280 35.966034 194.37
3 Open x2 2 118.846074 35.966067 194.46
4 Field x1 2 118.845926 35.966193 194.31
5 Field x2 2 118.845799 35.966181 194.29
6 Liu x1 4 118.845468 35.966146 194.05
7 Liu x2 2 118.845323 35.966294 194.02
8 Liu x3 3 118.845194 35.966204 194.08
9 Liu x4 5 118.845052 35.966107 194.17
10 Liu x5 3 118.844881 35.966085 194.07
11 High x1 3 118.844942 35.966070 193.50
12 Liu x6 3 118.844619 35.966058 193.48
13 Liu x7 3 118.844502 35.966045 193.52
14 Cui x1 4 118.844331 35.966023 193.63
15 Field x3 2 118.844151 35.966002 193.35
16 Liu x8 5 118.844021 35.965989 193.52
17 Liu x9 3 118.843917 35.965977 193.21
18 Open x3 5 118.843749 35.965957 193.23
19 Liu x10 3 118.843582 35.965939 193.13
20 Liu x11 2 118.843452 35.965929 193.23
21 Liu x12 3 118.843317 35.965913 193.22
22 Cui x2 3 118.843183 35.965898 193.21
23 Liu x13 4 118.842833 35.965833 193.53
24 Field x4 3 118.842650 35.965950 193.74
25 Willow x1 3 118.842491 35.965882 193.54
26 Field x5 5 118.846468 35.966249 194.57 3 -->
27 Field x6 3 118.846330 35.966237 194.71
28 Field x7 2 118.846200 35.966224 194.44
29 Liu x14 5 118.846063 35.966212 194.47
With longitude for abscissa, latitude is vertical coordinate, is indicated in river course and resident family position in plane coordinate system, as in figure 2 it is shown, give the location diagram of river course broken line and each household coordinate.But the geographical position relation of this reality, the bed level of the house site height of resident family and the river course of closest position thereof is not taken into account, it is impossible to true disaster-stricken situation when reflection river occurs.
In the house coordinate projection of lower academic circle village's each household to broken line place, river course, the plane that is perpendicular to earth's surface, the projection coordinate of each household will be obtained, as shown in table 3, gives projection coordinate's value of each household:
Table 3
Numbering Householder's name Family population House longitude House latitude House site height
1 Cattle x1 4 118.8465 35.96567 194.25
2 Open x1 4 118.8463 35.96568 194.37
3 Open x2 2 118.8461 35.96568 194.46
4 Field x1 2 118.8459 35.96568 194.31
5 Field x2 2 118.8458 35.96568 194.29
6 Liu x1 4 118.8455 35.96569 194.05
7 Liu x2 2 118.8453 35.96569 194.02
8 Liu x3 3 118.8452 35.96569 194.08
9 Liu x4 5 118.845 35.96569 194.17
10 Liu x5 3 118.8449 35.96569 194.07
11 High x1 3 118.8449 35.96569 193.50
12 Liu x6 3 118.8446 35.9657 193.48
13 Liu x7 3 118.8445 35.9657 193.52
14 Cui x1 4 118.8444 35.9657 193.63
15 Field x3 2 118.8442 35.96567 193.35
16 Liu x8 5 118.8441 35.96566 193.52
17 Liu x9 3 118.844 35.96564 193.21
18 Open x3 5 118.8438 35.96562 193.23
19 Liu x10 3 118.8436 35.9656 193.13
20 Liu x11 2 118.8435 35.96558 193.23
21 Liu x12 3 118.8434 35.96556 193.22
22 Cui x2 3 118.8432 35.96555 193.21
23 Liu x13 4 118.8429 35.9655 193.53
24 Field x4 3 118.8427 35.96548 193.74
25 Willow x1 3 118.8425 35.96546 193.54
26 Field x5 5 118.8465 35.96567 194.57
27 Field x6 3 118.8463 35.96568 194.71
28 Field x7 2 118.8462 35.96568 194.44 4 -->
29 Liu x14 5 118.8461 35.96568 194.47
As can be seen here, the projection coordinate of each household there occurs change relative to the geographical position coordinates of its reality.According to the trend that longitude reduces, the projection coordinate of the river course point obtained and each household is ranked up, and calculates the distance of each point and first point along river course broken line direction, as shown in table 4:
Table 4
With the bed level of each river course point be vertical coordinate, the distance of each river course point distance first and river course point for abscissa, rectangular coordinate system is drawn out each river course point, after being sequentially connected with by the point of drafting, is the formation of the bed level line in river course.With the house site height of each household be vertical coordinate, the distance of first river course point of each household projection coordinate distance for abscissa, rectangular coordinate system marks out projection coordinate's point of each household；As it is shown on figure 3, give the graph of a relation of the projection coordinate of each household and river course end face in embodiments of the invention.
Make 5 lines being parallel to river course, be followed successively by by lower left to upper right side is 5 years one chances, 10 years chances, 20 years chances, fifty year return period, hundred year flood water level height, as shown in Figure 4, give the ga ge relation figure when projection coordinate of each household and river course end face, flood generation in embodiments of the invention, it can be seen that there is corresponding point to be positioned at below each altitude line, this represents the point under this line, and when this frequency flood arrives, house can be disaster-stricken.As can be seen from Figure, within 10 years one, meeting disaster-stricken amount has 1 family, within 20 years one, meets disaster-stricken amount 6 family, and the disaster-stricken amount of fifty year return period has 10 families, and a-hundred-year disaster-stricken amount has 18 families.
Can judging, the elevation at which family is relatively minimum, it is possible to find its position in the drawings simultaneously, obtain this family specifying information: high mountain liter, three mouthfuls of people, projection coordinate's longitude 118.8449373, latitude 35.9656924, former coordinate longitude 118.844942, latitude 35.966070.

Claims (3)

1. the evaluation method of the disaster-stricken amount along the river of the mountain flood based on GIS, it is characterised in that realized by following steps:
A). river course data acquisition, k river course point is chosen by upstream to spaced downstream from the vertical section in river course, disaster-stricken village to be analyzed, and ensure that first point includes the river alongshore in village to last point, gather the longitude of each river course point, latitude and bed level value, if the information table of i-th river course point is shown as HEi(hig1, jin1, wei1), hig1, jin1, wei1 represent the bed level of river course point, longitude, latitude value respectively, it is sequentially connected with each river course point and is formed for the river course broken line consistent with river direction, 1≤i≤k；
B). gathering family, village information, gather the information of each household in disaster-stricken village to be analyzed, the information of collection includes householder's name, family population, house site height, house longitude, house latitude, if disaster-stricken village to be analyzed has N family, the information at jth family Xj (name, popu, hig2, jin2, wei2) represent, wherein POSIj (hig2, jin2, wei2) for the house coordinate at jth family, 1≤j≤N；
C). each household is projected, by the house coordinate POSIj (hig2 of each household, jin2, wei2) projection is to the broken line place, river course that step a) obtains, the plane that is perpendicular to earth's surface, obtains the projection coordinate of each household, if projection coordinate be POSI ' j (hig2 ', jin2 ', wei2 '), hig2 ', jin2 ', wei2 ' respectively represent projection after the house site height of resident family, house longitude, house latitude, hig2 '=hig2；
D). the sequence of river course point and projection coordinate, trend according to river, select the trend reduced or latitude reduces with longitude, projection coordinate POSI ' the i of each household obtained in the river course point HEi obtained in step a) and step c) is ranked up, and calculates the distance of each point and first point along river course broken line direction；
E). draw river course curve, with the bed level of each river course point be vertical coordinate, the distance of each river course point distance first of asking in step d) and river course point is for abscissa, rectangular coordinate system is drawn out each river course point, after being sequentially connected with by the point of drafting, it is the formation of the bed level line in river course；
F). draw the projection coordinate of each household, in the rectangular coordinate system of step e) the house site height with each household be vertical coordinate, the distance of first river course point of each household projection coordinate distance asked in step d) for abscissa, rectangular coordinate system marks out projection coordinate's point of each household；
G). disaster-stricken amount is predicted, according to 5 years one, this river course chance, 10 years chances, 20 years chances, fifty year return period, once-in-a-century flood heights of water level, draw out 5 flood curves paralleled with the river course curve in step e), be positioned on flood curve or under family, village be disaster-stricken resident family when this flood occurs.
2. the evaluation method of the mountain flood based on GIS according to claim 1 disaster-stricken amount along the river, it is characterized in that, it is additionally included in the disaster-stricken amount statistic procedure of line, if river course is provided with the sensor of detection river level, real time water level according to the river course that sensor is uploaded, rectangular coordinate system in step f) is drawn out river level line, be positioned on river level line or under family, village be currently disaster-stricken resident family.
3. the evaluation method of the mountain flood based on GIS according to claim 1 and 2 disaster-stricken amount along the river, its feature exists: in step d), trend according to river, select to reduce with longitude or trend that latitude reduces method for: if the first river course point chosen is to river section between last river course point, the length of longitudinal is more than latitudinal length, the then trend reduced according to longitude；If latitudinal length is more than the length of longitudinal, the then trend said according to latitude.
CN201610175154.3A 2016-03-25 2016-03-25 Method for estimating number of victim families along river in mountain torrent disaster on basis of GIS (geographic information system) Pending CN105787208A (en)

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