CN105785793A - Digital protection source code level closed-loop simulation method based on PSCAD - Google Patents

Digital protection source code level closed-loop simulation method based on PSCAD Download PDF

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CN105785793A
CN105785793A CN201610121867.1A CN201610121867A CN105785793A CN 105785793 A CN105785793 A CN 105785793A CN 201610121867 A CN201610121867 A CN 201610121867A CN 105785793 A CN105785793 A CN 105785793A
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defined element
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source code
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CN105785793B (en
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刘益青
高伟聪
张智杰
王成友
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University of Jinan
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    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B17/00—Systems involving the use of models or simulators of said systems
    • G05B17/02—Systems involving the use of models or simulators of said systems electric

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Abstract

The invention provides a digital protection source code level closed-loop simulation method based on a PSCAD. Through embedding a custom protection logic code written by the C language into the PSCAD, the source code level closed-loop simulation is realized. The 'call interface' and 'data interface' of a PSCAD recommended method is improved. Through calling a Fortran interface function in the script of a custom module, the seamless link with the PSCAD is realized, and the modification and debugging processes of a C source code are simplified. Using a complex public array to carry out data exchange is avoided, and the input end output ports of the custom module are directly used to realize a data interface. The method is flexible and simple, the protection logic source code of an actual device can be completely verified, the method is particularly suited for the transitional stage from protection principle research to device development, thus a developer can verify a software code without the dependence on a physical device, and the development efficiency is effectively improved.

Description

Digital protection source code level closed-loop simulation method based on PSCAD
Technical field
The invention belongs to relay protection of power system emulation field, be specifically related to a kind of digital protection source code level closed-loop simulation method realized based on PSCAD software environment.
Background technology
Principles of Relay Protection and device are emulated and test, is the important means improving relay protection level.Dynamic physical simulation and real-timedigital simulation can directly reflect the performance of protective relaying device, belong to online, closed-loop simulation method, are still irreplaceable research means so far.But, this kind of method equipment investment is huge, and can only carry out when possessing physical unit, and the scale of Study system is limited simultaneously, and systematic parameter adjusts complexity.
In order to overcome deficiency online, closed-loop simulation method, particularly for adapting to protection philosophy conceptual phase, the emulation demand lacked in physical unit situation, off-line simulation method (includes open loop and closed loop) and is applied widely.Off-line simulation method can be divided into following 2 classes.
1st class method is to obtain recorded field data file, adopts Matlab software, the action situation of research independent protective element, belongs to the open-loop simulation method of protection algorism level.Owing to the protection element in real protection device is numerous, having complicated contact each other, this kind of method cannot accurately, intactly reflect protection act behavior.
2nd class method is then utilize the electromagnetic transient simulation softwares such as PSCAD to produce fault data, and protection philosophy is verified.Embed protection algorism and source code owing to PSCAD software can pass through custom block, therefore can realize protection algorism level and source code level emulation.The more important thing is that this kind of method can also realize the closed-loop simulation under pure software environment, be directly fed back in phantom by the logical judgment result of protection algorism in custom block or source code, change the real-time running state of phantom.Although the protection algorism level emulation realized by the 2nd class method can realize closed-loop simulation, but still suffers from the problem similar with the 1st class method, it is impossible to reflection protection overall performance.Therefore, utilize the 2nd class method to realize source code level emulation and there is higher practical value.
Owing to the calculating kernel program of PSCAD is worked out with Fortran language, therefore PSCAD may only be directly embedded into Fortran language.And substantially all the adopting of digital protection software ripe at present shows a C language; for reaching the emulation of source code level; must adopt and show a C language self-defining relay protective scheme module; and custom block being embedded in PSCAD calculation procedure, this relates to " calling interface " and " data-interface " two technical problems.Calling interface completes custom block calling under PSCAD environment；Data-interface realizes real-time, bidirectional data exchange between custom block and PSCAD phantom.
According to the users' guidebook of PSCAD, use the PSCAD method recommended can realize " calling interface " and " data-interface " with self-defined C language module.
(1) realization of " calling interface "
The method that PSCAD recommends is to utilize universal compiler after weaving C source code, for instance GCC, and C source code compiling link becomes file destination (* .o) or library file (* .lib), carrys out complete call interface function again through increasing external reference at PSCAD.The method is similar to dynamic link library mode and realizes calling C language custom block in PSCAD.
(2) realization of " data-interface "
According to the recommendation method of PSCAD, the realization of data-interface depends on 4 public array STORF of enclosed inside, STORI, STORL, STORC and pointer NSTORF, NSTORI, NSTORL, NSTORC.Above-mentioned 4 arrays use Fortran dtd--data type definition, respectively REAL, INTEGER, LOGICAL and COMPLEX, except there is no corresponding data type in C language except last array, all the other 3 array types, respectively data type float, int and the int of corresponding C language.
Implementing data interactive method is: after each step simulation calculation completes; self-defining C language module reads required data from above-mentioned 4 arrays; then these data (being equivalent to sampled value and switching value) are utilized to be calculated judging with relay protective scheme; finally logical judgment result is returned to above-mentioned public array again; PSCAD revises the operation of model accordingly according to the return data of public array; and the transient emulation starting to perform next step calculates; so repeatedly, until emulation terminates.Example engineering in PSCAD provides and realizes example, can be for reference.
According to above-mentioned PSCAD " calling interface " and " data-interface " method recommended, it is achieved the relay protective scheme emulation mode of self-defined C language module, there are problems in actual use, including:
(1) calling interface adopts file destination mode to realize, and frequently revises C source file in the debugging stage, it is necessary to manually repeatedly compile and hyperlink target file, and debugging inconvenience when run-time error occurs.
(2), when adopting public array mode to realize data-interface, between self-defined C language module and PSCAD, transmit data with the input in real protection device, output programming mode difference relatively greatly, be unfavorable for the relay protective scheme that checking is complete.
(3) the output result of C language module, including trip signal etc., it is also desirable to write public array, it is provided that revising simulation parameters to PSCAD, user cannot directly display the information in public array, is not easy to debugging.
(4) data interaction is not only present between self-defined C language module and PSCAD, is also present in self-defined C language inside modules, is called the transmission of horizontal and vertical data.According to the PSCAD method recommended, above-mentioned horizontal, longitudinal data is mutual, all relies on public array and pointer realizes, it is easy to cause omission or dislocation.Owing in C language, array index initiates from 0, and the array index of Fortran is to initiate from 1, when carrying out array data exchange, the moment must notice that subscript is changed, use extremely loaded down with trivial details.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the invention discloses a kind of digital protection source code level closed-loop simulation method based on PSCAD.The self-defined relay protective scheme code that the method is write by embedding C language in PSCAD realizes source code level closed-loop simulation; " calling interface " and " data-interface " of method is recommended by improving PSCAD; make simulation process more flexibly, succinctly, it is possible to the relay protective scheme source code of integrity authentication actual device.The method is particularly suited for studying the transition stage of device development from protection philosophy, makes developer not rely on physical unit and namely can verify that software code, is effectively improved development efficiency.
The concrete technical scheme that the present invention adopts is as follows:
A kind of digital protection source code level closed-loop simulation method based on PSCAD, comprises the steps:
(1) in PSCAD software environment, right button selects " CreateNewComponent... " order, create 1 self-defined element, according to creating guide, the title of self-defined element is set, the quantity of input port, title and data type are set, the quantity of input port, title and data type are set；Click self-defined element by right key, select " EditDefinition " order, open " Script " label, input the Fortran order of this self-defined element:
" CALL function F(parameter 1, parameter 2 ..., parameter n) ",
" function F " is the calling interface function of self-defined element, and the number of parameters of " function F " should be consistent with the summation of the input port quantity of self-defined element Yu output port quantity；
(2) calling interface of self-defined element is set up, right button selects " AddComponent " order, create 2 " Filereference " elements, and filename and the absolute path of external reference are set in the attribute of " Filereference " element, wherein quote Fortran source file for 1, quote C source file for 1；Fortran source file is used for realizing the calling interface function " function F " of self-defined element, and the code that realizes of " function F " includes order:
" CALL function C(parameter 1, parameter 2 ..., parameter n) ",
Also including the dtd--data type definition to " function C " each parameter, " function C " is the C language function entrance needing to call；C source file comprises the digital protection C language source code of reality, and entrance function is:
" void function C(parameter 1, parameter 2 ..., parameter n) ",
The number of parameters of " function C " should be consistent with the summation of the input port quantity of self-defined element Yu output port quantity；After arrangement above and operation, when PSCAD phantom runs, it may be achieved call " the function C " of C language by calling " the function F " of Fortran language；
(3) data-interface between self-defined element and PSCAD phantom is set up, for self-defined element, data-interface includes input analog amount, switching value and output analog quantity, switching value, wherein input analog amount includes electric current, voltage, the full mold amount input port of self-defined element access；Input switch amount includes the position of the switch that relay protective scheme judges to use, hands closes signal etc., the integer quantity input port of self-defined element access；Output switch amount includes intermediate object program and the output etc. of tripping that relay protective scheme judges, the integer quantity output port of self-defined element export to phantom, it is achieved the closed loop control of phantom；Output analog quantity includes the results of intermediate calculations of protection source code, the full mold amount output port of self-defined element export, and debugs for source code；
(4) calling interface between self-defined element and PSCAD phantom is completed and after data-interface arranges; the compiling of model is carried out by PSCAD; perform emulation; by monitoring the output of self-defined element; by the electric current of phantom, voltage output and comprise relay protective scheme source code self-defined element tripping operation output recorded in failure wave-recording file; to check and analysis, so far complete source code level closed-loop simulation；Need amendment simulation parameters or during relay protective scheme C source code, only need to recompilate model, perform to emulate, it is not necessary to repeat the above steps (1) is to step (3).
In above-mentioned steps (3), the analog input interface realizing method of self-defined element is:
(1) material calculation arranging Simulation Engineering is Δt, it is achieved the constant duration Δ of phantomtCalculating；
(2) by the outfan of the electric current of phantom, voltage collector, it is directly connected to the analog input end of self-defined element, it is achieved the constant duration Δ of self-defined elementtSampled value input；
(3) the frequency measurement logic by comprising in the C source code of self-defined element, utilizes zero passage detection method that the sampled value sequence of input is carried out periodic quantity, and recording the real-time first-harmonic electric parameters cycle isT；
(4) to the constant duration Δ being input to self-defined elementtSampled value sequence, according to per primitive periodTCarry outNThe equiangular sampling criterion of secondary sampling carries out resampling；WhenT/NEqual to ΔtIntegral multiple time, utilize extraction to be directly realized by resampling, whenT/NIt is not equal to ΔtIntegral multiple time, utilize single order lagrange-interpolation to carry out resampling；Namely the sampled value sequence obtained after resampling protects the sampled value sequence that the analog input link of device obtains completely the same with real figureization.
The beneficial effect comprise that
1, from calling interface and two aspects of data-interface, the recommendation interface method of PSCAD has been improved.Realize the seamless link with PSCAD by calling Fortran interface function in the Script script of custom block, simplify amendment and the debugging process of C source code.Avoid using complicated public array interaction data, but the input and output pin directly utilizing custom block realizes data-interface.
2, this method is fully achieved the source code level closed-loop simulation under pure software environment; can directly verify the correctness of relay protective scheme code; compare protection element algorithm level emulation, there is higher practical value, be particularly suited for studying from protection philosophy the transition stage of device development.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the interface diagram of PSCAD phantom and self-defined relay protective scheme module；
The C language function call interface that Fig. 2 is self-defined element realizes method schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the block diagram that the analog input interface of self-defined element realizes resampling function；
Fig. 4 is self-defined component data interface instance.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail, but not as limiting the scope of the invention, the technical scheme that all modes taking equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation obtain, all in protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 show and utilizes the inventive method to realize the overall structure of C language relay protective scheme code closed-loop simulation and involved calling interface and data-interface under PSCAD software environment.
The overflow protecting element C language code write in a real protection device, illustrates to implement the detailed process of the inventive method.
(1) in PSCAD software environment, right button selects " CreateNewComponent... " order, create 1 self-defined element, according to creating guide, the name arranging self-defined element is called " OverCurrent ", and the quantity arranging input port is 1, name is called in, data type is integer type, arrange the quantity of input port be 1, name be called out, data type is real；Click self-defined element by right key, select " EditDefinition " order, open " Script " label, input the Fortran order of this self-defined element:
CALLAUX_CSUB($IN,$OUT)
Function " AUX_CSUB " is the calling interface function of self-defined element, and the parameter of function " AUX_CSUB " is 2, and one is the input in of self-defined element, for output out, $, one represents that this symbol is variable.
(2) calling interface of self-defined element is set up, right button selects " AddComponent " order, create 2 " Filereference " elements, and filename and the absolute path of external reference are set in the attribute of " Filereference " element, wherein quote Fortran source file OC_df90.f for 1, quote C source file OC_c.c for 1；
Fortran source file OC_df90.f comprises code below:
SUBROUTINEAUX_CSUB(in,out)
INTEGERin
REALout
!Fortran90interfacetoaCprocedure
INTERFACE
SUBROUTINEOC_CSUB(in,out)
!DEC$ATTRIBUTESC::OC_CSUB
!DEC$ATTRIBUTESREFERENCE::in
!DEC$ATTRIBUTESREFERENCE::out
!in,outarepassedbyREFERENCE
INTEGERin
REALout
ENDSUBROUTINE
ENDINTERFACE
!calloftheCprocedure
CALLOC_CSUB(in,out)
END
C source file OC_c.c comprises code below:
voidoc_csub(int*Ia,double*iTrip)
{
//definevariablesandarrays
//protectionlogicmodule
return;
}
The function " AUX_CSUB " arranged in Script in (1st) realizes in OC_df90.f file; function " AUX_CSUB " defines the data type needing C function " OC_CSUB " and the parameter in, out called; this data type needs completely the same with the definition in the input of self-definition model, outfan and function " AUX_CSUB "; C function " OC_CSUB " is the C language source code entrance comprising real figureization protection, and the relation of above each file is as shown in Figure 2.
After arrangement above and operation, when PSCAD phantom runs, the Script script of self-defined element " OverCurrent " can realize calling " OC_CSUB " of C language by calling " AUX_CSUB " of Fortran language.
(3) data-interface between self-defined element and PSCAD phantom is set up, as shown in Figure 3, for self-defined element, data-interface includes input analog amount, switching value and output analog quantity, switching value, wherein input analog amount includes three-phase current Isabc, three-phase voltage amount Vsabc, the full mold amount input port of self-defined element access；Input switch amount includes three phase position Sa1, Sb1, Sc1 of switch Brk1 corresponding to protection, the integer quantity input port of self-defined element access；Output switch amount includes relay protective scheme trip signal Trip, Delay link for analog switch tripping operation time delay, and the output signal of Delay link directly controls switch Brk1, forms closed loop control.
For realizing the relay protective scheme source code slitless connection of the electric current of phantom output, voltage analog and self-defined element, it is necessary to the analog input interface of self-defined element is carried out arranged below and operation:
(a) click Simulation Engineering by right key, select " ProjectSettings "-" Runtime "-" Solutiontimestep ", simulation calculation step delta is sett 1=50 μ s, it is achieved the constant duration Δ of phantomt 1The simulation calculation of=50 μ s；
(b) by the outfan of the electric current of phantom, voltage collector, it is directly connected to the analog input end of self-defined element, it is achieved the constant duration Δ of self-defined elementt 1The sampled value input of=50 μ s；
(c) the frequency measurement logic that comprises in C source code by self-defined element, utilize zero passage detection method that the sampled value sequence of input is carried out period measurement, record the real-time first-harmonic electric parameters cycleT 1, for electrical network, frequencyf 1Excursion, between 45Hz-55Hz, is therefore surveyed the electric parameters cycleT 1=1/f 1, between 18.18ms-22.22ms；
(d) assume to adopt per primitive period 24 point sampling with the real protection device of self-defined element emulation, then the 50 μ s constant duration sampled value sequences to input, according to often surveying the primitive periodT 1The equiangular sampling criterion carrying out 24 samplings carries out resampling；Due toT 1∈ [18.18ms, 22.22ms], then resampling interval deltat 2=(T 1/ 24) ∈ [757.5 μ s, 925.8 μ s], work as Δt 2During integral multiple equal to 50 μ s, for instance Δt 2When=800 μ s, 850 μ s, 900 μ s, it is possible to use extract and be directly realized by resampling, work as Δt 2When being not equal to the integral multiple of 50 μ s, single order lagrange-interpolation is utilized to carry out resampling.
Realizing the logic diagram of above-mentioned analog input interface function as shown in Figure 4, namely the sampled value sequence obtained after resampling protects the sampled value sequence that the analog input link of device obtains completely the same with real figureization.
(4) calling interface between self-defined element and PSCAD phantom is completed and after data-interface arranges; the compiling of model is carried out by PSCAD; perform emulation; complete source code level closed-loop simulation; when needing amendment simulation parameters or relay protective scheme C source code; only need to recompilate model, perform to emulate, it is not necessary to repeat the above steps (1) is to step (3).

Claims (2)

1. the digital protection source code level closed-loop simulation method based on PSCAD, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1) in PSCAD software environment, right button selects " CreateNewComponent... " order, create 1 self-defined element, according to creating guide, the title of self-defined element is set, the quantity of input port, title and data type are set, the quantity of input port, title and data type are set；Click self-defined element by right key, select " EditDefinition " order, open " Script " label, input the Fortran order of this self-defined element:
" CALL function F(parameter 1, parameter 2 ..., parameter n) ",
" function F " is the calling interface function of self-defined element, and the number of parameters of " function F " should be consistent with the summation of the input port quantity of self-defined element Yu output port quantity；
(2) calling interface of self-defined element is set up, right button selects " AddComponent " order, create 2 " Filereference " elements, and filename and the absolute path of external reference are set in the attribute of " Filereference " element, wherein quote Fortran source file for 1, quote C source file for 1；Fortran source file is used for realizing the calling interface function " function F " of self-defined element, and the code that realizes of " function F " includes order:
" CALL function C(parameter 1, parameter 2 ..., parameter n) ",
Also including the dtd--data type definition to " function C " each parameter, " function C " is the C language function entrance needing to call；C source file comprises the digital protection C language source code of reality, and entrance function is:
" void function C(parameter 1, parameter 2 ..., parameter n) ",
The number of parameters of " function C " should be consistent with the summation of the input port quantity of self-defined element Yu output port quantity；After arrangement above and operation, when PSCAD phantom runs, it may be achieved call " the function C " of C language by calling " the function F " of Fortran language；
(3) data-interface between self-defined element and PSCAD phantom is set up, for self-defined element, data-interface includes input analog amount, switching value and output analog quantity, switching value, wherein input analog amount includes electric current, voltage, the full mold amount input port of self-defined element access；Input switch amount includes the position of the switch that relay protective scheme judges to use, hands closes signal etc., the integer quantity input port of self-defined element access；Output switch amount includes intermediate object program and the output etc. of tripping that relay protective scheme judges, the integer quantity output port of self-defined element export to phantom, it is achieved the closed loop control of phantom；Output analog quantity includes the results of intermediate calculations of protection source code, the full mold amount output port of self-defined element export, and debugs for source code；
(4) calling interface between self-defined element and PSCAD phantom is completed and after data-interface arranges; the compiling of model is carried out by PSCAD; perform emulation; by monitoring the output of self-defined element; by the electric current of phantom, voltage output and comprise relay protective scheme source code self-defined element tripping operation output recorded in failure wave-recording file; to check and analysis, so far complete source code level closed-loop simulation；Need amendment simulation parameters or during relay protective scheme C source code, only need to recompilate model, perform to emulate, it is not necessary to repeat the above steps (1) is to step (3).
2. the digital protection source code level closed-loop simulation method based on PSCAD according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (3), the analog input interface realizing method of self-defined element is:
(1) material calculation arranging Simulation Engineering is Δt, it is achieved the constant duration Δ of phantomtCalculating；
(2) by the outfan of the electric current of phantom, voltage collector, it is directly connected to the analog input end of self-defined element, it is achieved the constant duration Δ of self-defined elementtSampled value input；
(3) the frequency measurement logic by comprising in the C source code of self-defined element, utilizes zero passage detection method that the sampled value sequence of input is carried out periodic quantity, and recording the real-time first-harmonic electric parameters cycle isT；
(4) to the constant duration Δ being input to self-defined elementtSampled value sequence, according to per primitive periodTCarry outNThe equiangular sampling criterion of secondary sampling carries out resampling；When resampling interval (T/N) equal to ΔtIntegral multiple time, utilize extraction to be directly realized by resampling, when resampling interval (T/N) it is not equal to ΔtIntegral multiple time, utilize single order lagrange-interpolation to carry out resampling；Namely the sampled value sequence obtained after resampling protects the sampled value sequence that the analog input link of device obtains completely the same with real figureization.
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