CN105785323A - Vortex electromagnetic wave signal modal parallel separation method and apparatus based on space orthogonal transformation - Google Patents

Vortex electromagnetic wave signal modal parallel separation method and apparatus based on space orthogonal transformation Download PDF

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CN105785323A
CN105785323A CN201610077471.1A CN201610077471A CN105785323A CN 105785323 A CN105785323 A CN 105785323A CN 201610077471 A CN201610077471 A CN 201610077471A CN 105785323 A CN105785323 A CN 105785323A
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vortex
electromagnetic wave
parallel
mode
signal
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CN105785323B (en
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张海林
赵林军
程文池
刘毅
梁芳
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Xidian University
Shaanxi University of Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0837—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
    • H04B7/0842—Weighted combining
    • H04B7/086—Weighted combining using weights depending on external parameters, e.g. direction of arrival [DOA], predetermined weights or beamforming

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a vortex electromagnetic wave signal modal parallel separation method based on space orthogonal transformation. The method comprises the following steps: first of all, converting each receiving array element parallel output signal of a circular array structure antenna into omni-directional vortex electromagnetic wave parallel signals with multiple modes through de-beamforming processing; then taking the signals after de-beamforming as input signals of a space orthogonal transformer in a parallel mode; the space orthogonal transformer performing the space orthogonal transformation (i.e., fast Fourier transform) about a vortex electromagnetic wave azimuth on the input signals so as to obtain modal discrete spectrum distribution of multimode vortex electromagnetic waves; and finally, outputting in parallel modal discrete spectrum components of the vortex electromagnetic waves, wherein each output component corresponding to a respective mode carries independent modulation signals, the mode of each output component is removed, and thus modal parallel separation and identification of space multimode vortex electromagnetic wave signals are realized. At the same time, the invention also simultaneously discloses a multimode vortex electromagnetic wave signal modal parallel separation apparatus based on space orthogonal transformation.

Description

The vortex parallel separation method of electromagnetic wave signal mode and device based on orthogonal space conversion
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of multi-modal vortex parallel separation method of electromagnetic wave signal mode to realize with device, belong to signal of communication treatment technology and Radar Signal Processing Technology field.
Background technology
Known by shannon capacity theorem: the channel capacity of wireless communication system is directly proportional to the bandwidth of system, therefore improve the transfer rate of system, it is necessary to take broader frequency band.The use of a large amount of wireless systems so that limited spectrum is abnormal crowded, and frequency spectrum resource is day by day deficient.For alleviating the contradiction that frequency spectrum resource is few and wireless traffic is big, Sweden scientist BoTide et al. proposes the design utilizing the electromagnetic mode transmission information of vortex, and on June 24th, 2011, BoTide et al. demonstrates the experiment utilizing vortex electromagnetic wave to carry Information Communication in Venice, Italy, and the channel capacity lifting for wireless communication system opens new way.
From classical electrodynamics theory: the electromagnetic wavefront of vortex has helical phase structure, this is owing to vortex electromagnetic wave carries orbital angular momentum (Orbitalangularmomentum, OAM), and plane electromagnetic wave does not have OAM, so wavefront is plane.Pertinent literature reports use spiral phase plate phase-shifting method or circular array antenna method etc. and produces the electromagnetic method of vortex, and less about vortex electromagnetic reception separation method report.
At present, vortex electromagnetic wave modal idenlification can adopt interference technique, the method produces dry pattern by a branch of reference wave of introducing with receiving after vortex ripple adds up, it is realized the electromagnetic modal idenlification of vortex with the pattern contrast in picture library, facts have proved: interferometric method identification vortex electromagnetic wave mode motility is poor, in order to improve the accuracy of modal idenlification, communicating pair decreases applicable modalities, so not maximizing the capacity increasing channel, and in actually used, also by vortex electromagnetic wave can independence modulation dimension lower one's standard or status use, modulation intelligence is not carried amplitude as electromagnetic in vortex or phase place.Wireless communication system high at requirement of real-time, jumbo uses interference technique complete the electromagnetic separation of multi-modal vortex and be clearly worthless.
Also there is the method that bibliographical information adopts phase gradient difference method detection vortex mode state, sampled in vortex electromagnetic wave azimuth by the method by arranging two reception antennas with fixed angle on the horizontal vertical plane of vortex beam positional axle, the electromagnetic mode of vortex is estimated again by sampled value, facts have proved: this method easily disturbed, limited precision.Also there is the implementation that modality-specific vortex electromagnetism is received by the reverse spiral phase plate method of bibliographical information employing, when communicating pair transmits the vortex electromagnetic wave of multiple different modalities at same channel parallel, the volume of communication system will become very huge, for mobile wireless system, the limitation of the method is obvious.
In sum, when the electromagnetic amplitude of vortex of different modalities each carries different information from phase place, the parallel of vortex electromagnetism that the method such as method of identification or phase gradient difference is difficult to multi-modal mode is interfered to separate and identify.At present, there is not yet bibliographical information and realize the method that multi-modal vortex is electromagnetic and separates and goes mode, the present inventor's (group) is based on principles of signal processing, from the feature that vortex electromagnetic wave space receives, and in conjunction with fast Fourier transform theory progress, propose employing orthogonal space alternative approach and realize the electromagnetic parallel separation method of multi-modal vortex, can effectively solve the same carrier wave electromagnetic parallel separation of concurrent multimode state vortex and go mode, providing intellectual support for the electromagnetic application of vortex.
Summary of the invention
Present invention seek to address that the electromagnetic parallel separation of multi-modal (topological kernel) vortex and remove Mode Problems, making the electromagnetic available modulation dimension of vortex obtain maximizing application.
Further characteristic of the invention and aspect described in detailed description below.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the multi-modal parallel separation method principle schematic of vortex electromagnetic wave mode based on orthogonal space conversion.Wherein the dashed box 3 in Fig. 1 relate to multi-modal parallel separation of the present invention and removes Modal Method.
Fig. 2 is the parallel segregation apparatus overall plan schematic block diagram of multi-modal vortex electromagnetic wave mode of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the use flowage structure schematic block diagram of the method for the invention.
In figure, 1. uniform circular array array structure antenna, 2. goes beamformer, 3. orthogonal space changer, 4. wave beam forming weight vector estimator, 5. orthogonal space Transformation Weight computer.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of vortex parallel separation method of electromagnetic wave signal mode based on orthogonal space conversion and device, the method for the invention is applicable to the same carrier electromagnetic separation method of multi-modal vortex, and its principle is as shown in Figure 1.
As shown in Figure 1, in the vortex parallel piece-rate system of electromagnetic wave signal mode of orthogonal space conversion, uniform circular array array structure antenna 1 different a period of time is independent of the multi-modal vortex electromagnetic wave sampling in space, its response is multi-modal vortex electromagnetic wave composite signal in different orientations, and has specific directive gain；Circular array structural antenna 1 different a period of time responds as the parallel input signal going beamformer 2, as the parallel input signal of orthogonal space changer 3 after beamformer 2 processes, do about the azimuthal fast Fourier transform of vortex electromagnetic wave then through orthogonal space changer 3, obtain the electromagnetic mode discrete spectrum distribution of space vortex, the electromagnetic mode discrete spectrum component of parallel output vortex, each output component is to mode carrying separate modulated signals, and this output component is the non-vortex signal having gone mode, separate parallel thus realizing the multi-modal vortex electromagnetic wave signal mode in space and identify.
Meanwhile, the invention discloses that the multi-modal vortex electromagnetic wave mode that orthogonal space converts separates parallel and removes mode device, as in figure 2 it is shown, response of the different a period of time { e of N array element uniform circular array array structure antennai() | i=0,1 ..., N-1} parallel output, as the input going beamformer 2 and arrival bearing's DOA estimator 4, is estimated arrival bearing vector { w by DOA estimator 4i| i=0,1 ..., N-1}, and its conjugation is copied to beamformer 2, go beamformer 2 to { ei() | i=0,1 ..., N-1} goes beam forming processing to obtainAs the input of orthogonal space changer 3, orthogonal space changer 3 it being done fast Fourier transform, the weight vector that fast Fourier transform uses is provided by orthogonal space Transformation Weight computer 5.
The detailed implementation of the vortex electromagnetic wave signal mode parallel separation method of orthogonal transformation is described below.Radius is r0Circumference is uniformly distributed N number of same sex antenna (or array element) (see " Generationoforbitalangularmomentum (OAM) radiobeamswithphasedpatcharray ", QiangBai, AlanTennant, BenAllen, MasoodUrRehman, AntennasandPropagationConference (LAPC), 2013Loughborough, PP410-413, it being disclosed in this by reference) the multi-modal vortex electromagnetic wave signal in space that receives is by formula (1)
Operation, e in its Chinese style (1)i(z0, r0, ω) and represent that N array element uniform circular array antenna difference array element is at the space vortex electromagnetic wave signal that different orientations collects, wherein h () is channel coefficients, z0For the radial distance of reception antenna with receiving plane under transmission antenna aligned condition with the face of transmission, r0For receiving the array element vertical dimension from vortex electromagnetic wave propagation axle, κ (κ=ω/c, c=3 × 108M/s) for wave number, l is the electromagnetic mode of vortex (or topological kernel), AlT amplitude information that () carries for different modalities vortex electromagnetic wave, ω is carrier frequency,For the phase information that different modalities vortex electromagnetic wave carries, θi(i=0,1 ..., N-1) for bay attitude,Accord with for upper rounding operation,Accord with for lower rounding operation.
As in figure 2 it is shown, to ei(z0, r0, ω) (i=0,1 ..., N-1) go figuration to process, circular array wave beam forming the inverse of the weight vector used carries out, by formula (2),
e ~ ( z 0 , r 0 , ω ) = e i ( z 0 , r 0 , ω ) · w i * , i = 0 , 1 , ... , N - 1 - - - ( 2 )
Operation, wherein wiFor the electromagnetic beam position weight coefficient of i-th vortex, (see " optimum array-processing techniques ", HarryL.VanTrees work, Tang Jun etc. translates, publishing house of Tsing-Hua University, in January, 2008, ISBN:9787302147602,220-242 page, is disclosed in this by reference)Represent wiInverse (or conjugation).
As in figure 2 it is shown, orthogonal space changer is to N road parallel input signalDo about vortex electromagnetic azimuth fast fourier transform (i.e. orthogonal space conversion), by formula (3),
Operation, the discreteness of l so thatFor the electromagnetic mode discrete spectrum distribution of multi-modal vortex；
As in figure 2 it is shown, parallel outputThe separate modulated signals s that different modalities vortex ripple carries can be obtained simultaneouslyi(t) (i=0,1 ..., N-1), and siT () has removed mode siT () is for should the separate modulated signals carried of mode vortex electromagnetic wave.
For a person skilled in the art, it is possible to according to above technical scheme and design, make various corresponding change and deformation, and all these changes and deforms within the protection domain that should be construed as being included in the claims in the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. based on the vortex electromagnetic wave signal mode parallelism recognition of orthogonal space conversion and separation method, it is characterized in that, first, spatial electromagnetic ripple is sampled by the different array elements of uniform circular array array structure antenna in different attitudes, obtain parallel duplex signal, with continuous signaling, spatial parallelism sampled signal is passed to figuration device simultaneously；Go figuration device to go figuration to process the inverse vector of the weight vector that parallel input signal uses according to circular array wave beam forming, and the signal parallel after going figuration to process is exported to orthogonal space changer；Then, parallel input signal is done and converts (i.e. fast fourier transform) about vortex electromagnetic azimuth orthogonal space by orthogonal space changer, obtains electromagnetic mode discrete spectrum distribution (or topological kernel Spectral structure) of space vortex；Finally, the electromagnetic mode discrete spectrum component of parallel output vortex, each output component is to mode carrying separate modulated signals, and this output component is the non-vortex signal having gone mode, separates parallel thus realizing the multi-modal vortex electromagnetic wave signal mode in space and identifies.
The described vortex parallel separation method of electromagnetic wave signal mode based on orthogonal space conversion comprises the steps:
A () radius is r0Circumference is uniformly distributed N number of same sex antenna (or array element) (see " Generationoforbitalangularmomentum (OAM) radiobeamswithphasedpatcharray ", QiangBai, AlanTennant, BenAllen, MasoodUrRehman, AntennasandPropagationConference (LAPC), 2013Loughborough, PP410-413, it being disclosed in this by reference) the multi-modal vortex electromagnetic wave signal in space that receives is by formula (1)
Operation, e in its Chinese style (1)i(z0, r0, ω) and represent that N array element uniform circular array antenna difference array element is at the space vortex electromagnetic wave signal that different orientations collects, wherein h () is channel coefficients, z0For the radial distance of reception antenna with receiving plane under transmission antenna aligned condition with the face of transmission, r0For receiving the array element vertical dimension from vortex electromagnetic wave propagation axle, κ (κ=ω/c, c=3 × 108M/s) for wave number, l is the electromagnetic mode of vortex (or topological kernel), AlT amplitude information that () carries for different modalities vortex electromagnetic wave, ω is carrier frequency,For the phase information that different modalities vortex electromagnetic wave carries, θi(i=0,1 ..., N-1) for bay attitude,Accord with for upper rounding operation,Accord with for lower rounding operation；
B () is to ei(z0, r0, ω) (i=0,1 ..., N-1) go figuration to process, circular array wave beam forming the inverse of the weight vector used carries out, by formula (2),
e ~ i ( z 0 , r 0 , ω ) = e i ( z 0 , r 0 , ω ) · w i * , i = 0 , 1 , ... , N - 1 - - - ( 2 )
Operation, wherein wiFor the electromagnetic beam position weight coefficient of i-th vortex, (see " optimum array-processing techniques ", HarryL.VanTrees work, Tang Jun etc. translates, publishing house of Tsing-Hua University, in January, 2008, ISBN:9787302147602,220-242 page, is disclosed in this by reference)Represent wiInverse (or conjugation)；
C () orthogonal space changer is to N road parallel input signal(i=0,1 ..., N-1) do about vortex electromagnetic azimuth fast fourier transform (i.e. orthogonal space conversion), by formula (3),
Operation, actually used vortex mode state l is discrete, therefore willIt is called the electromagnetic mode discrete spectrum distribution of space vortex；
D weight vector that () orthogonal space changer usesWith the coefficient in formula (1)Naturally orthogonal reciprocal, therefore it is the separate modulated signals after vortex ripple signal goes mode, by formula (4),
Operation, thus realizing the modal separation of multi-modal vortex electromagnetic wave signal.
2. for the vortex electromagnetic wave signal mode parallelism recognition converted based on orthogonal space and Separation process arrangements, it is characterized in that: there is N number of same nature array element and being uniformly distributed and circumferentially the vortex electromagnetic wave of spatial transmission is sampled, and with N road parallel mode, the signal received is exported to removing figuration device, signal parallel mode after going figuration to process exports to orthogonal space changer, and orthogonal space changer completes the modal separation to N road vortex ripple signal.
3. system according to claim 2, also includes: circular array antenna 1, removes beamformer 2, orthogonal space transformed filter 3；Circular array antenna 1 parallel output termination removes bundle figuration device 2 input, removes bundle figuration device 2 parallel output termination orthogonal space transformed filter 3 input, and orthogonal space transformed filter 3 parallel output is the separate modulated signals having removed vortex.
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CN108134756A (en) * 2017-12-15 2018-06-08 西安电子科技大学 Wireless communication system based on vortex electromagnetic wave and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
CN108226947A (en) * 2018-01-29 2018-06-29 哈尔滨工业大学 The vortex ligh-ranging system of noise is filtered out based on optimum aperture
CN108234380A (en) * 2017-12-08 2018-06-29 西安电子科技大学 Frequently the Multidimensional and Hybrid modulation radio communication signal method of-mode-dummy status
CN109120327A (en) * 2018-07-22 2019-01-01 西安电子科技大学 The reception Deplexing method in multi-modal orbital angular momentum vortex wave mutative scale aperture
CN109286469A (en) * 2018-09-19 2019-01-29 西安电子科技大学 The maximum likelihood detection method of vortex electromagnetic wave based on coaxial antenna array UCA
CN109412666A (en) * 2018-09-19 2019-03-01 西安电子科技大学 The modal separation method of vortex electromagnetic wave based on parallel non-coaxial aerial array UCA
CN109446477A (en) * 2018-10-24 2019-03-08 西安电子科技大学 A kind of any sampling method of reseptance of multi-modal orbital angular momentum vortex wave
CN109450504A (en) * 2018-10-10 2019-03-08 西安电子科技大学 Demodulation method based on concentric circles uniform circular array antenna vortex electromagnetic wave
CN109936391A (en) * 2019-01-30 2019-06-25 西安电子科技大学 A method of multi-modal vortex electromagnetic wave is generated based on single antenna
CN110830095A (en) * 2019-09-09 2020-02-21 西安电子科技大学 Method for generating phase-shift complex sequence for generating vortex electromagnetic wave by circular array
CN111474543A (en) * 2020-04-13 2020-07-31 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Vortex electromagnetic wave interference target three-dimensional imaging method and device
CN112068129A (en) * 2020-08-21 2020-12-11 西安空间无线电技术研究所 Imaging method of concentric ring array electromagnetic vortex radar
CN112834980A (en) * 2021-01-08 2021-05-25 北京理工大学 Vortex electromagnetic wave super-resolution direction finding method based on propagation operator
CN114877798A (en) * 2022-03-31 2022-08-09 北京建筑大学 Vortex wave/IMU (inertial measurement Unit) fused building deformation monitoring method and system

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CN106230133A (en) * 2016-07-28 2016-12-14 西安空间无线电技术研究所 A kind of energy based on vortex electromagnetic wave transmits system with information synergism
CN107782979A (en) * 2016-08-25 2018-03-09 西安电子科技大学 Utilize the method and device of vector network analyzer detection electromagnetic wave vortex state
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