CN105779682A - Process for smelting stainless steel in dephosphorization converter by using limestone - Google Patents
Process for smelting stainless steel in dephosphorization converter by using limestone Download PDFInfo
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- CN105779682A CN105779682A CN201610149730.7A CN201610149730A CN105779682A CN 105779682 A CN105779682 A CN 105779682A CN 201610149730 A CN201610149730 A CN 201610149730A CN 105779682 A CN105779682 A CN 105779682A
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- limestone
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process for smelting stainless steel in a dephosphorization converter by using limestone and belongs to the technical field of stainless steel converter smelting. Limestone is mainly used to partially replace lime to smelt stainless steel in the dephosphorization converter, so that the application range of limestone which replaces lime in the technical field of iron and steel smelting in the prior art is expanded, and smelting of high-quality stainless steel types by using low-cost auxiliary materials is realized; by fully utilizing a good bottom-blowing stirring condition of the dephosphorization converter, limestone, lime and iron oxide scale balls are quickly melted, so that a purpose of quick dephosphorization is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to stainless steel technical field of smelting, be specifically related to a kind of utilize limestone technique of smelting stainless steel in dephosphorization converter.
Background technology
In rustless steel 400 steel series smelting process, the main purpose of dephosphorization converter is dephosphorization, demanganize, provides the high quality low phosphor molten iron of composition and proper temperature to the multiple blown converter of argon oxygen.At present owing to silicon in molten iron, manganese equal size are higher, releasing heat, cause that whole processing procedure temperature is had more than needed, be unfavorable for the removal of the element such as phosphorus, manganese in oxygen blast process, therefore the control of whole Hot Metal Pretreatment temperature is particularly important.In prior art due in initial smelting period molten iron silicon aoxidize in a large number, temperature sharply raises, and has to add substantial amounts of cold burden lower the temperature for controlling process temperature well, cause supplementary product onsumption to increase, and smelting cost raises；And the rustless steel market of sternness makes reduction smelting cost become the development trend of steel industry, it addition, on this industry chain of slag making raw material lime calcining to pneumatic steelmaking, there is the physical thermal entrained by Calx and CO that waste has been calcined2The problem that excess emissions causes increasing environmental pollution.
For the problems referred to above, the method using replacing lime with limestone for slagging and producing steel that University of Science & Technology, Beijing proposes, adopted one after another by each steel mill.Chinese patent (application number 201410104522.6) proposes a kind of new method utilizing small grain size limestone Substitute For Partial Calx to make steel, by reducing the granularity (3-5mm) of limestone and changing the joining day of limestone, reach the purpose quickling promote decomposition of limestone, generating effective CaO help slag making, ensure that the steady of steel quality and smelting process, reduce the cost of flux；Chinese patent (application number 201410320701.3) proposes the method for the converter operation of a kind of limestone low phosphorus steel by smelting, and converter adjuvant adopts limestone to substitute activity white lime completely, and limestone adds by high hopper is above in three batches；Blowing mode adopts stays slag and double slag operation；Outlet temperature controls at 1620-1660 DEG C, and terminal C is 0.03-0.04%, and terminal P can reach 0.008-0.012%.
Above limestone substitutes the method for making steel of Calx, focuses mostly in oxygen coverter region and carbon steel field of smelting.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide and a kind of utilize limestone technique of smelting stainless steel in dephosphorization converter, substitute the Calx range of application in smelting iron and steel technical field expanding limestone in prior art, it is achieved that the stainless steel grade of high-quality smelted by low cost adjuvant.
The present invention utilizes limestone technique of smelting stainless steel in dephosphorization converter, specifically includes following steps:
(1) limestone is added in dephosphorization converter: in dephosphorization converter, add the limestone of 5.0-5.5kg/t molten iron, front and back grate so that it is be layered on furnace bottom uniformly；Limestone select granularity be the big granularity limestone of 10-65mm to reduce slag making cost, limestone composition is by percentage to the quality containing CaO:50-55%, SiO2: 4-5%, MgO:1.2-1.5%；
(2) iron making: molten iron is injected in dephosphorization converter, by molten iron temperature, limestone is calcined；Hot metal composition is by percentage to the quality containing C:3.5-4.6%, Si:0.40-0.9%, Mn:0.60-0.9%, P:0.05-0.12%, and other is Fe and inevitable impurity, and molten iron temperature is 1200-1320 DEG C；
(3) desiliconization processes: top blowing oxygen throughput 90-150Nm3/ min, oxygen lance position 1500-1700mm, bottom blowing nitrogen flow is 6-10Nm3/min；Control slag target dual alkalinity (CaO/SiO2) for 2.0-2.5, add the fluorite of 1.5-2.5kg/t molten iron and the light dolomite of 14.0-16.0kg/t molten iron according to slag fluidity, to adjust slag structure, reduce the slag corrosion function to dephosphorization converter, process time 6-8min；
(4) deslagging: after desiliconization terminates, grate is outwelled thickness and is 50-100mm, is unfavorable for the low alkalinity slag of dephosphorization；
(5) dephosphorization treatment: molten iron in stove carries out dephosphorization under oxidizing atmosphere process, top blowing oxygen throughput is 70-90Nm3/ min, oxygen lance position 1500-1700mm, bottom blowing nitrogen flow is 6-12Nm3/min；Whole process nitrogen buffer gas, with spray gun to the passive lime powder that effective CaO content >=88% that continues in molten iron to jet, granularity are 10-50mm, passive lime powder winding-up amount 5-10kg/min, jets 9-10 minute time；Add the limestone identical with granularity in step (1) and composition of 10-12kg/t molten iron in stove while winding-up pulverized limestone, effective CaO content >=88% of 15-20kg/t molten iron, granularity are the Calx of 10-50mm and the ferrum oxide ball that granularity is 30-50mm of 12.3-13.8kg/t molten iron, so that slag reaches basicity and the oxidisability of dephosphorization requirement.
(6) tapping: tapping to ladle after dephosphorization converter terminal point control and carry out follow-up AOD process, terminal point control condition is: molten steel component is by percentage to the quality containing C:3.0-3.5%, Mn:0.15-0.25%, P:0.012-0.02%, and other is Fe and residual impurity；Molten steel temperature 1400-1450 DEG C.
The rustless steel smelted in the present invention is 400 series stainless steel kinds.
The present invention, compared to prior art, has the advantages that
(1) present invention utilize limestone technique of smelting stainless steel in dephosphorization converter, utilize limestone part to substitute Calx and carry out stainless smelting in dephosphorization converter, expand limestone in prior art and substitute the Calx range of application in smelting iron and steel technical field, it is achieved that the stainless steel grade of high-quality smelted by low cost adjuvant.
(2) present invention takes full advantage of the bottom blowing stirring condition that dephosphorization converter is good, it is achieved the rapid melting of limestone, Calx and ferrum oxide ball, reaches the purpose of quick dephosphorization.
(3) after the present invention adopts limestone Substitute For Partial Calx, the amount of dusting of oxygen rifle greatly reduces, and alleviates the erosion to spray gun in passive lime powder winding-up process, extends the service life of spray gun.
(4) present invention reinjects molten iron after adding limestone in dephosphorization converter stove, by molten iron temperature, limestone can be decomposed, thus controlling dephosphorization early stage temperature, improves dephosphorization efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to be more fully understood that the present invention, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of utilizing limestone technique of smelting stainless steel 410S in dephosphorization converter, it specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) limestone is added in dephosphorization converter: in dephosphorization converter, add the limestone of 5.0kg/t molten iron, front and back grate so that it is be layered on furnace bottom uniformly；Wherein limestone granularity is 10mm, and limestone composition is by percentage to the quality containing CaO:50.0%, SiO2: 4.0%, MgO:1.2%；
(2) iron making: the molten iron that 87t temperature is 1200 DEG C is injected in dephosphorization converter, by molten iron temperature, limestone is calcined；The composition of molten iron is by percentage to the quality containing C:3.5%, Si:0.40%, Mn:0.60%, P:0.05%, and other is Fe and inevitable impurity；
(3) desiliconization processes: top blowing oxygen throughput 90Nm3/ min, oxygen lance position 1700mm, bottom blowing nitrogen flow 6Nm3/min；Controlling slag dual alkalinity is 2.0, adds 130.5kgCaF2Content is 80%, granularity is the fluorite of 10mm and 1218kgMgO content is 50%, granularity is the light dolomite of 50mm, processes time 6min；
(4) deslagging: grate outwells the slag that thickness is 50mm；
(5) dephosphorization treatment: molten iron in stove is carried out dephosphorization under oxidizing atmosphere process, top blowing oxygen throughput 70Nm3/ min, oxygen lance position 1700mm, bottom blowing nitrogen flow 6Nm3/min；Whole process nitrogen buffer gas, with spray gun to the effective CaO content that continues in molten iron to jet be 91%, granularity be the passive lime powder of 30mm, passive lime powder winding-up amount 5kg/min, jet time 9min；Add in molten iron while winding-up pulverized limestone the limestone identical with granularity in step (1) and composition of 870kg, 1305kg effective CaO content be 90%, granularity be the Calx of 30mm and ferrum oxide ball that 1070kg granularity is 30mm；
(6) tapping: molten steel component is by percentage to the quality containing C:3.0%, Mn:0.15%, P:0.012%, and other is Fe and residual impurity；Molten steel temperature 1400 DEG C, tap 85t.
Embodiment 2
A kind of utilizing limestone technique of smelting stainless steel 430 in dephosphorization converter, it specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) limestone is added in dephosphorization converter: in dephosphorization converter, add the limestone of 5.5kg/t molten iron, front and back grate so that it is be layered on furnace bottom uniformly；Wherein, limestone granularity is 65mm；Limestone composition with mass percent containing CaO:55.0%, SiO2:5.0%, MgO:1.5%；
(2) iron making: the molten iron that 97t temperature is 1320 DEG C is injected in dephosphorization converter, by molten iron temperature, limestone is calcined；The composition of molten iron is by percentage to the quality containing C:4.6%, Si:0.9%, Mn:0.9%, P:0.12%, and other is Fe and inevitable impurity；
(3) desiliconization processes: top blowing oxygen throughput 150Nm3/ min, oxygen lance position 1500mm, bottom blowing nitrogen flow is 10Nm3/min；Controlling slag dual alkalinity is 2.5, adds 242.5kgCaF2Content is 75%, granularity is the fluorite of 30mm and 1552kgMgO content is 52%, granularity is the light dolomite of 10mm, processes time 7min；
(4) deslagging: grate outwells the slag that thickness is 100mm；
(5) dephosphorization treatment: molten iron in stove is carried out dephosphorization under oxidizing atmosphere process, top blowing oxygen throughput 90Nm3/ min, oxygen lance position 1500mm, bottom blowing nitrogen flow 12Nm3/min；Whole process by nitrogen as carrier gas, with spray gun to the effective CaO content that continues in molten iron to jet be 88%, granularity be the passive lime powder of 50mm, passive lime powder winding-up amount is 10kg/min, and jet time 9min；Add in stove while winding-up pulverized limestone the limestone identical with granularity in step (1) and composition of 1164kg, 1940kg effective CaO content be 90%, granularity be the Calx of 50mm and ferrum oxide ball that 1338.6kg granularity is 50mm；
(6) tapping: molten steel component is by percentage to the quality containing C:3.5%, Mn:0.25%, P:0.02%, and other is Fe and residual impurity；Molten steel temperature 1450 DEG C, tap 95t.
Embodiment 3
A kind of utilizing limestone technique of smelting stainless steel 409L in dephosphorization converter, it specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) limestone is added in dephosphorization converter: in dephosphorization converter, add the limestone of 5.2kg/t molten iron, front and back grate so that it is be layered on furnace bottom uniformly；Wherein limestone granularity is 40mm, and limestone composition is by percentage to the quality containing CaO:54.0%, SiO2: 4.5%, MgO:1.3%；
(2) iron making: the molten iron that 92t temperature is 1265 DEG C is injected in dephosphorization converter, by molten iron temperature, limestone is calcined；The composition of molten iron is by percentage to the quality containing C:4.5%, Si:0.56%, Mn:0.82%, P:0.07%, and other is Fe and inevitable impurity；
(3) desiliconization processes: top blowing oxygen throughput 100Nm3/ min, oxygen lance position 1600mm, bottom blowing nitrogen flow 10Nm3/min；Controlling slag dual alkalinity is 2.5, adds 211.6kgCaF2Content is 80%, granularity is the fluorite of 40mm and 1453.6kgMgO content is 55%, granularity is the light dolomite of 30mm, processes time 8min；
(4) deslagging: it is 100mm slag that grate outwells thickness；
(5) dephosphorization treatment: molten iron in stove is carried out dephosphorization under oxidizing atmosphere process, top blowing oxygen throughput 80Nm3/ min, oxygen lance position 1600mm, bottom blowing nitrogen flow 10Nm3/min；Whole process by nitrogen as carrier gas, with spray gun to the effective CaO content that continues in molten iron to jet be 90%, granularity be the passive lime powder of 40mm, passive lime powder winding-up amount 9kg/min, jet time 9min；In molten iron, add the 1039.6kg limestone identical with granularity in step (1) and composition while winding-up pulverized limestone, 1444.4kg effective CaO content be 91%, granularity be the ferrum oxide ball that granularity is 20mm of the Calx of 40mm and 1251.2kg；
(6) tapping: molten steel component is by percentage to the quality containing C:3.44%, Mn:0.21%, P:0.013%, and other is Fe and residual impurity；Molten steel temperature 1437 DEG C, tap 90.2t.
Claims (6)
1. one kind utilizes limestone technique of smelting stainless steel in dephosphorization converter, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) limestone is added in dephosphorization converter: in dephosphorization converter, add limestone, front and back grate so that it is be layered on furnace bottom uniformly；
(2) iron making: molten iron is injected in dephosphorization converter, by molten iron temperature, limestone is calcined；The composition of molten iron is by percentage to the quality containing C:3.5-4.6%, Si:0.40-0.9%, Mn:0.60-0.9%, P:0.05-0.12%, and other is Fe and inevitable impurity, and molten iron temperature is 1200-1320 DEG C；
(3) desiliconization processes: top blowing oxygen throughput 90-150Nm3/ min, oxygen lance position 1500-1700mm, bottom blowing nitrogen flow 6-10Nm3/min；Controlling slag dual alkalinity is 2.0-2.5, adds the fluorite of 1.5-2.5kg/t molten iron and the dolomite of 14.0-16.0kg/t molten iron, processes time 6-8min；
(4) deslagging: grate outwells the slag that thickness is 50-100mm；
(5) dephosphorization treatment: top blowing oxygen throughput 70-90Nm3/ min, oxygen lance position 1500-1700mm, bottom blowing nitrogen flow 6-12Nm3/min；Nitrogen buffer gas, continues passive lime powder of jetting, passive lime powder winding-up amount 5-10kg/min with spray gun in molten iron, and jet time 9-10min；In stove, the ferrum oxide ball of the limestone of 10-12kg/t molten iron, the Calx of 15-20kg/t molten iron and 12.3-13.8kg/t molten iron is added while winding-up pulverized limestone；
(6) tapping: tapping after dephosphorization converter terminal point control, terminal point control condition is: molten steel component is by percentage to the quality containing C:3.0-3.5%, Mn:0.15-0.25%, P:0.012-0.02%, and other is Fe and residual impurity；Molten steel temperature 1400-1450 DEG C.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of utilize limestone technique of smelting stainless steel in dephosphorization converter, it is characterised in that: in step (1), the addition of limestone is 5.0-5.5kg/t molten iron.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of utilize limestone technique of smelting stainless steel in dephosphorization converter, it is characterised in that: step (1) and in step (5) limestone composition by percentage to the quality containing CaO:50-55%, SiO2: 4-5%, MgO:1.2-1.5%；Limestone granularity is 10-65mm.
4. according to claim 1 a kind of utilize limestone technique of smelting stainless steel in dephosphorization converter, it is characterised in that: CaF in the fluorite of step (3)2Content >=75%, content of MgO >=50% in light dolomite, granularity is 10-50mm.
5. according to claim 1 a kind of utilize limestone technique of smelting stainless steel in dephosphorization converter, it is characterised in that: in step (5), the granularity of ferrum oxide ball is 30-50mm.
6. according to claim 1 a kind of utilize limestone technique of smelting stainless steel in dephosphorization converter, it is characterised in that: effective CaO content >=88% in passive lime powder in step (5), effective CaO content >=88% in Calx, granularity is 10-50mm.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107164608A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-09-15 | 王冰 | A kind of preparation technology of smelting iron and steel stainless steel |
| CN109371200A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-02-22 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of smelting process making molten iron quick dephosphorization by converter bottom spray iron oxide red |
| CN110760639A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-02-07 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | System and method for steelmaking by spraying limestone powder to bottom of converter |
| CN114410878A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-29 | 武钢集团昆明钢铁股份有限公司 | Converter molten iron smelting method adopting large-particle limestone instead of full-amount lime for slagging |
| CN114480775A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-05-13 | 武钢集团昆明钢铁股份有限公司 | Low-cost converter smelting process for slagging by limestone and raw dolomite |
| CN114480774A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-05-13 | 武钢集团昆明钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for smelting high-phosphorus molten iron by adopting limestone slagging process in converter |
| CN114635007A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-17 | 宝武集团鄂城钢铁有限公司 | Smelting method for improving dephosphorization rate at earlier stage of converter smelting |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107164608A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-09-15 | 王冰 | A kind of preparation technology of smelting iron and steel stainless steel |
| CN109371200A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-02-22 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of smelting process making molten iron quick dephosphorization by converter bottom spray iron oxide red |
| CN110760639A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-02-07 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | System and method for steelmaking by spraying limestone powder to bottom of converter |
| CN110760639B (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2021-09-28 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | System and method for steelmaking by spraying limestone powder to bottom of converter |
| CN114410878A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-29 | 武钢集团昆明钢铁股份有限公司 | Converter molten iron smelting method adopting large-particle limestone instead of full-amount lime for slagging |
| CN114480775A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-05-13 | 武钢集团昆明钢铁股份有限公司 | Low-cost converter smelting process for slagging by limestone and raw dolomite |
| CN114480774A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-05-13 | 武钢集团昆明钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for smelting high-phosphorus molten iron by adopting limestone slagging process in converter |
| CN114410878B (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2023-05-19 | 武钢集团昆明钢铁股份有限公司 | Converter molten iron smelting method adopting large-particle limestone to replace full-quantity lime slag formation |
| CN114635007A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-06-17 | 宝武集团鄂城钢铁有限公司 | Smelting method for improving dephosphorization rate at earlier stage of converter smelting |
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