CN105777587B - N- nitro Trinitroethyls carbamate ion salt containing energy, preparation method and application - Google Patents
N- nitro Trinitroethyls carbamate ion salt containing energy, preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN105777587B CN105777587B CN201610164724.9A CN201610164724A CN105777587B CN 105777587 B CN105777587 B CN 105777587B CN 201610164724 A CN201610164724 A CN 201610164724A CN 105777587 B CN105777587 B CN 105777587B
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- C07C271/00—Derivatives of carbamic acids, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
- C07C271/06—Esters of carbamic acids
- C07C271/08—Esters of carbamic acids having oxygen atoms of carbamate groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
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- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
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- C07C279/00—Derivatives of guanidine, i.e. compounds containing the group, the singly-bound nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
- C07C279/02—Guanidine; Salts, complexes or addition compounds thereof
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- C07C279/00—Derivatives of guanidine, i.e. compounds containing the group, the singly-bound nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
- C07C279/20—Derivatives of guanidine, i.e. compounds containing the group, the singly-bound nitrogen atoms not being part of nitro or nitroso groups containing any of the groups, X being a hetero atom, Y being any atom, e.g. acylguanidines
- C07C279/24—Y being a hetero atom
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- C07C281/00—Derivatives of carbonic acid containing functional groups covered by groups C07C269/00 - C07C279/00 in which at least one nitrogen atom of these functional groups is further bound to another nitrogen atom not being part of a nitro or nitroso group
- C07C281/16—Compounds containing any of the groups, e.g. aminoguanidine
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- C07D249/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D249/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
- C07D249/04—1,2,3-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,3-triazoles
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- C07D249/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
- C07D249/08—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
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- C07D249/08—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
- C07D249/10—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D249/14—Nitrogen atoms
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- C07D257/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having four nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
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Abstract
The N nitro Trinitroethyls carbamate of present invention ion salt containing energy, preparation method and applications.System dissolves N nitro Trinitroethyls carbamate in organic solvent and carbonate, bicarbonate or the amino azole compound of alkali react acquisition at room temperature.Involved N nitro Trinitroethyls carbamate ion salt containing energy is a kind of energy-containing compound, has the characteristics of high oxygen balance and high explosion velocity, is expected to be applied to explosive wastewater and solid propellant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to N- nitro Trinitroethyls carbamate ion salt containing energy, preparation method and application, belong to and contain
It can field of material technology.
Background technology
Modern war requirement weaponry can realize long-range strike and efficiently injure, and propellant and explosive are proposed
The demand of energetic, this just needs to realize energetic first as the energetic material of energy carrier.The ion salt containing energy has steam
It forces down, the features such as sensitivity is low, is one of hot spot of current development energy-rich compound.Oxygen balance is the important ginseng of energy-containing compound
It counts, the energy level of energy-containing compound can be effectively improved by improving oxygen balance in the case where oxygen balance is less than or equal to zero.But
It is current containing can ion salt generally have the characteristics that oxygen balance is low, mainly using the azotic heterocyclic compound of negative oxygen balance as containing
The anion of energy ion salt, relatively low so as to cause the ion salt oxygen balance containing energy is obtained, correspondingly, energy is relatively low.
N- nitro Trinitroethyl carbamates (NTNC) are by GermanyTeach a kind of oxygen balance of report
For+14.9% Halogen oxidant, contain there are one acid value NH, so as to which the compound be made to show stronger acidity, therefore, N-
Nitro Trinitroethyl carbamate can be as the anion of the ion salt containing energy.Acid compound is in use to bullet
Body material has stronger corrosivity, and neutral energy-containing compound can be obtained by the modification of ion salt, during avoiding use
Corrosion to airframe material.In addition, the oxygen balance due to N- nitro Trinitroethyl carbamates is high, by with rich nitrogen sun from
The collocation of son can obtain the energy-rich compound balanced with higher oxygen.、
The present invention has designed and synthesized N- nitro Trinitroethyls carbamate ion salt containing energy, such energy-containing compound
Have the characteristics of high energy, be expected to be applied to explosive wastewater and propellant.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide N- nitro Trinitroethyls carbamate ion salt containing energy, preparation method and answer
With.
The N- nitro Trinitroethyl carbamates of present invention ion salt containing energy is a kind of novel energy-rich compound, is had
Have following structural formula:
The N- nitro Trinitroethyl carbamates of the present invention are realized by following route:
Its specific preparation process is as follows:
At room temperature, N- nitro Trinitroethyl carbamates are dissolved in organic solvent, added thereto under stirring
Enter the carbonate, bicarbonate or amino azole compound of alkali, reaction 1-5 hours is stirred at room temperature;The N- nitro trinitro-s
The molar ratio of the carbonate of ethyl carbamate and alkali, bicarbonate or amino azole compound is 1:0.5-1.0;Described
The carbonate of alkali is ammonium carbonate, guanidine carbonate, an aminoguanidine carbonate, diaminoguanidine carbonate or triaminoguanidine carbonate;Institute
The bicarbonate stated is guanidine bicarbonate, an aminoguanidin carbonate, diaminoguanidine bicarbonate or triaminoguanidine bicarbonate;
The amino azole compound for 4- amino -1,2,4- triazoles, 3- amino -1,2,4- triazoles, 1,5- diamino-tetrazolium, 3,
4,5- triamido -1,2,4- triazoles, 3,5- diaminostilbenes, 2,4- triazoles or 1- amino -1,2,3- triazoles.
Filtering, organic solvent washing, the purification process that solvent or drying is evaporated off may be used in above-mentioned reaction product.
The present invention method described in organic solvent can be methanol, ethyl alcohol, dichloromethane, chloroform, acetonitrile or
Ethyl acetate.
Not only method of the invention is simple, but also the characteristics of the compound of the present invention tool high energy, can be applied to energetic material,
Such as explosive wastewater and propellant.
Specific embodiment
The preparation of embodiment 1N- nitro Trinitroethyl carbamate ammonium salts (1)
Its structural formula is as follows:
After 100.3mg N- nitro Trinitroethyl carbamates (0.37mmol) are dissolved in 2mL dichloromethane, stir
It mixes down and adds in 17.9mg ammonium carbonates (0.18mmol) thereto, reaction 5 hours is stirred at room temperature, white solid is precipitated, filtering precipitates,
And it is washed with dichloromethane, dry 107.9mg products.1H NMR([D6]DMSO,300MHz):δ=7.24 (s, 1H), 7.08
(s,1H),6.91(s,1H),5.58(s,2H)ppm;13C NMR([D6]DMSO,100MHz):δ=156.6,125.4,
60.6ppm.IR(KBr):3115.9,2360.2,2341.2,1720.7,1596.8,1424.6,1400.5,1304.9,
1230.0,1118.0,1093.7,787.4,667.9cm-1Elemental analysis Elemental analysis for C3H6N6O10
(286.01):Calculated value Calculated:C:12.59H:2.11N:29.37;Measured value Measured:C:12.05H:2.39N:
29.49.
The preparation of embodiment 2N- nitro Trinitroethyl carbamate guanidine salts (2)
After 134.5mg N- nitro Trinitroethyl carbamates (0.50mmol) are dissolved in 2mL dichloromethane, stir
It mixes down and adds in 44.8mg guanidine carbonates (0.25mmol) thereto, reaction 3 hours is stirred at room temperature, white solid is precipitated, filtering is heavy
It forms sediment, and is washed with dichloromethane, product is obtained with quantitative yield after drying.1H NMR([D6]DMSO,300MHz):δ=6.90 (s,
6H),5.58(s,2H)ppm;13C NMR([D6]DMSO,100MHz):δ=158.0,157.4,125.6,60.5ppm.IR
(KBr):3445.9,3273.4,3206.8,3012.8,2951.4,1716.7,1662.7,1593.2,1432.2,1382.5,
1304.1,1222.5,1113.4,1036.6,967.0,885.5,856.1,811.9,784.0,539.6cm-1.Elemental
analysis for C4H8N8O10(328.04):Calculated:C:14.64H:2.46N:34.15;Measured:C:
14.78H:2.65N:34.30.
The preparation of one aminoguanidinium salts (3) of embodiment 3N- nitro Trinitroethyls carbamate
Its structural formula is as follows:
After 301.2mg N- nitro Trinitroethyl carbamates (1.10mmol) are dissolved in 2mL methanol, under stirring
155.5mg guanidines bicarbonate (1.10mmol) is added in thereto, reaction 1 hour is stirred at room temperature, concentration removes solvent, with quantitative receipts
Rate obtains 385.2mg products.1H NMR([D6]DMSO,300MHz):δ=8.56 (s, 2H), 7.26 (s, 2H), 6.73 (s, 2H),
5.59(s,2H),4.42(s,2H)ppm;13C NMR([D6]DMSO,100MHz):δ=158.80,156.76,125.60,
60.57ppm.IR(KBr):3507.96,3422.99,3392.06,3332.36,3241.02,2990.41,2952.48,
2894.16,2359.92,2340.02,2191.85,1686.94,1667.12,1581.04,1530.27,1418.50,
1384.86,1301.66,1231.97,1116.29,1089.29,959.40,855.38,822.03,786.10,739.89,
667.79,547.35,437.48cm-1.Elemental analysis for C4H9N9O10(343.05):Calculated:C:
14.00H:2.64N:36.73;Measured:C:14.11H:2.70N:36.68.
The preparation of embodiment 4N- nitro Trinitroethyl carbamate 4- amino -1,2,4- triazolium salts (4)
Its structural formula is as follows:
After 200.2mg N- nitro Trinitroethyl carbamates (0.75mmol) are dissolved in 2mL dichloromethane, stir
It mixes down and adds in 62.5mg4- amino-1,2,4-triazoles (0.75mmol) thereto, reaction 2 hours is stirred at room temperature, it is solid that white is precipitated
Body, filtering precipitation, and washed with dichloromethane, it is dry that 257.0mg products are obtained with quantitative yield.1H NMR([D6]DMSO,
300MHz):δ=9.27 (s, 2H), 8.64 (s, 2H), 5.70 (s, 2H) ppm;13C NMR([D6]DMSO,100MHz):δ=
154.33,144.08,125.11,60.79ppm.IR(KBr):3298.3,3112.1,3049.2,2961.3,1687.0,
1622.1,1592.5,1538.0,1462.4,1415.0,1392.8,1370.7,1354.5,1307.8,1265.1,1205.2,
1157.2,1106.8,1040.4,962.0,947.0,905.5,881.1,858.7,831.2,781.3,708.9,680.1,
651.9,622.8,541.6,489.8,472.9,424.3cm-1.Elemental analysis for C5H7N9O10
(353.03):Calculated:C:17.00H:2.00N:35.70;Measured:C:17.13H:2.10N:36.88.
The preparation of embodiment 5N- nitro Trinitroethyl carbamate 3- amino -1,2,4- triazolium salts (5)
Its structural formula is as follows:
After 200.2mg N- nitro Trinitroethyl carbamates (0.75mmol) are dissolved in 2mL dichloromethane, stir
It mixes down and adds in 62.8mg3- amino-1,2,4-triazoles (0.75mmol) thereto, reaction 2 hours is stirred at room temperature, it is solid that white is precipitated
Body, filtering precipitation, and washed with dichloromethane, it is dry that 255.7mg products are obtained with quantitative yield.1H NMR([D6]DMSO,
300MHz):δ=8.30 (s, 1H), 5.60 (s, 2H) ppm;13C NMR([D6]DMSO,100MHz):δ=156.09,150.75,
139.25,125.10,60.63ppm.IR(KBr):3391.8,3318.0,3264.4,3190.7,2999.7,2956.7,
2896.2,2727.7,2627.5,2568.2,1721.6,1696.1,1622.0,1593.8,1527.2,1499.0,1466.4,
1436.2,1382.5,1325.2,1305.4,1258.4,1229.9,1148.5,1121.4,1095.4,1056.0,1029.6,
986.4,943.9,888.4,864.5,856.4,813.9,790.1,781.3,764.4,747.1,730.7,673.9,
599.3,538.0,490.4,477.1,441.6,404.9cm-1.Elemental analysis for C5H7N9O10
(353.03):Calculated:C:17.00H:2.00N:35.70;Measured:C:17.39H:2.02N:37.39.
The performance of part of compounds is as shown in the table:
The ion salt performance parameter containing energy of table 1
Claims (5)
1. for N- nitro Trinitroethyls carbamate ion salt containing energy in energetic material field, with following knot
Structure:
2. a kind of synthetic method of N- nitros Trinitroethyl carbamate according to claim 1 ion salt containing energy,
It is characterized in that:In organic solvent and at room temperature, the carbonate of N- nitros Trinitroethyl carbamate and alkali, bicarbonate
Salt or amino azole compound are reacted 1~5 hour;The N- nitro Trinitroethyl carbamates and the carbonate of alkali,
The molar ratio of bicarbonate or amino azole compound is 1:0.5~1.0;The carbonate of the alkali is ammonium carbonate, guanidine carbonic acid
Salt, an aminoguanidine carbonate or diaminoguanidine carbonate;
Wherein, bicarbonate is guanidine bicarbonate, an aminoguanidin carbonate or diaminoguanidine bicarbonate;And the ammonia
Base azole compounds are 1,5- diamino-tetrazolium.
3. the synthetic method of N- nitros Trinitroethyl carbamate according to claim 2 ion salt containing energy, special
Sign is:Product is by filtering, organic solvent washing, the purification process that solvent or drying is evaporated off.
4. the synthetic method of N- nitro Trinitroethyl carbamates ion salt containing energy according to Claims 2 or 3,
It is characterized in that:Solvent is methanol, ethyl alcohol, dichloromethane, chloroform, acetonitrile or ethyl acetate.
5. a kind of N- nitros Trinitroethyl carbamate as described in claim 1 ion salt containing energy is used for energetic material.
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