CN105776928A - Waste concrete aggregate recycling and treating method - Google Patents
Waste concrete aggregate recycling and treating method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105776928A CN105776928A CN201610228303.8A CN201610228303A CN105776928A CN 105776928 A CN105776928 A CN 105776928A CN 201610228303 A CN201610228303 A CN 201610228303A CN 105776928 A CN105776928 A CN 105776928A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- aggregate
- concrete
- calcium source
- carbamide
- regeneration aggregate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/16—Waste materials; Refuse from building or ceramic industry
- C04B18/167—Recycled materials, i.e. waste materials reused in the production of the same materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a waste concrete aggregate recycling and treating method. By means of the method, the purpose of recycling building waste can be effectively achieved, and the production cycle for preparing recycled concrete through the method is short; in the method, by means of treatment with a calcium hydroxide solution or a calcium salt solution to increase the content of substances, capable of being carbonized, in recycled aggregate, cracks are effectively filled with formed calcium carbonate after carbonization treatment, and the porosity of the recycled aggregate is effectively decreased, so that the crushing value and the water absorption of the aggregate are decreased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to concrete material preparing technical field, be specifically related to a kind of discarded concrete aggregate recovery and treatment method.
Background technology
According to relevant statistics, China is the discarded concrete of about discharge 35% in Structural Engineering, and all the other are bituminous concrete the like waste for root.According to rough Statistics, only China removes the rubbish of old building every year and just reaches more than 4,000 ten thousand tons, the generating capacity of the old concrete that wherein disintegrates about more than 1,360 ten thousand tons, additionally, China is annual new cast concrete about 2 billion cubic meter at present, and the discarded concrete discharged because of cause for quality is just up to 4,800,000 tons.
Discarded concrete is processed into regeneration aggregate be used for the preparation of regeneration concrete and not only solve problem of environmental pollution, also achieves resource reutilization, decrease the waste of resource and the energy.But compared with natural aggregate, there is a large amount of microcrack inside regeneration aggregate, crush index value is high, water absorption rate is big, its regeneration mortar prepared and the service behaviour of regeneration concrete, mechanical property and durability is utilized also to be difficult to engineering demands.Therefore, waste and old concrete in building waste, to improve regeneration mortar performance, is recycled and sustainable development is significant by intensifying regenerating fine aggregate.For improving the performance deficiency of regeneration aggregate, numerous scholars utilize distinct methods to improve regeneration aggregate surface texture, reduce micro-crack or hole, and as utilized polymer solution, water glass solution, organosilicon moisture repellent, and acid soak processes regeneration aggregate.Wherein the limited use of acid solution ablution but also acid ion can be introduced, the pH value of impact attachment mortar；Polymer treatment method can effectively reduce the water absorption rate of Aggregate of recycled concrete, but the raising of intensity is limited；Organosilicon moisture repellent and waterglass soak, and not only cost is high, and changes regeneration aggregate particle diameter and grating, make fine aggregate modulus of fineness beyond critical field.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of discarded concrete aggregate recovery and treatment method, the aggregate using the method to obtain, and has environmental protection, cheap, intensity high.
To achieve these goals, the present invention provides a kind of discarded concrete aggregate recovery and treatment method, and the method comprises the steps:
(1) concrete mixing plant is cleaned waste concrete that agitating lorry discharges by the ferrum sieve that aperture is 10mm, after sifting out coarse aggregate therein, waste concrete is concentrated in sedimentation tank and precipitate, and clear water is entered clear water reserviors；
(2) with moisture content unnecessary in water absorber or absorbent material sucking-off waste concrete, stir further according to needing the fine grinding quicklime powder adding waste concrete 0.5wt%, when utilizing quick lime aquation, required this principle of a large amount of moisture content absorbs the excessive moisture in concrete further, quick lime addition, so that no longer there being unnecessary free water in aggregate, obtains regeneration aggregate；
(3) microbial treatments regeneration aggregate is utilized
(31) preparing microorganism culture medium, regulates pH value to 7-9 by dripping NaOH solution, and sterilizing also inoculates spore sarcina after being cooled to room temperature, be simultaneously introduced urea liquid, shaken cultivation at 25-37 DEG C of temperature；
(32) in inoculum, add regeneration aggregate, continue shaken cultivation；
(33) carbamide, calcium source mixed solution are added, mix homogeneously, vibration, take out regeneration aggregate after terminating；
(34) dry regeneration aggregate under the state of heating while stirring, heating-up temperature less than 85 DEG C, the regeneration aggregate after being processed；
Preferably, in step (31), culture medium is made up of peptone 4-6g/L, beef extract 2-4g/L and deionized water, or is made up of soy peptone 5g/L, casein peptone 15g/L and deionized water；The condition of described sterilizing is: sterilizing 25min under 125 DEG C of hot conditionss；Antibacterial shaken cultivation 15h-20h, bacterial cell concentration is 223-625cell/mL.
Preferably, in step (32), regeneration aggregate and inoculum proportioning are 150g:250mL-300g:250mL；Recycled fine aggregate has precedence over calcium source carbamide mixed solution and joins in bacterium solution, and vibration keeps 7-10h, and frequency of oscillation is 100-150r/min.
Preferably, in step (33), calcium source carbamide mixed solution is made up of carbamide and the deionized water of concentration to be 0.5mol/L-1mol/L calcium source, concentration be 0.5mol/L-1mol/L, and wherein calcium source is calcium chloride or calcium nitrate；In step (33), calcium source, carbamide mixed solution ratio long-pending with bacterial liquid are 1:(1-4)；After adding calcium source carbamide mixed solution, will being placed under oscillating condition and cultivate 40h-60h by container, frequency of oscillation is 100-150r/min.
The methodological science of the present invention efficiently utilizes the waste concrete discharged when cleaning trucd mixer, saved separate cement and sandstone with water, it is to avoid the waste of cement, utilize microbe deposition to process, effectively reduce regeneration aggregate porosity, and then reduce aggregate crush values, reduce aggregate water absorption rate.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment one
Concrete mixing plant is cleaned waste concrete that agitating lorry discharges by the ferrum sieve that aperture is 10mm, after sifting out coarse aggregate therein, waste concrete is concentrated in sedimentation tank and precipitate, and clear water is entered clear water reserviors.
With moisture content unnecessary in water absorber or absorbent material sucking-off waste concrete, stir further according to needing the fine grinding quicklime powder adding waste concrete 0.5wt%, when utilizing quick lime aquation, required this principle of a large amount of moisture content absorbs the excessive moisture in concrete further, quick lime addition, so that no longer there being unnecessary free water in aggregate, obtains regeneration aggregate.
Preparing microorganism culture medium, regulates pH value to 7-9 by dripping NaOH solution, and sterilizing also inoculates spore sarcina after being cooled to room temperature, be simultaneously introduced urea liquid, shaken cultivation at 25 DEG C of temperature；Culture medium is made up of peptone 4g/L, beef extract 2g/L and deionized water, or is made up of soy peptone 5g/L, casein peptone 15g/L and deionized water；The condition of described sterilizing is: sterilizing 25min under 125 DEG C of hot conditionss；Antibacterial shaken cultivation 15h, bacterial cell concentration is 223cell/mL.
In inoculum, add regeneration aggregate, continue shaken cultivation；Regeneration aggregate and inoculum proportioning are 150g:250mL；Recycled fine aggregate has precedence over calcium source carbamide mixed solution and joins in bacterium solution, and vibration keeps 7h, and frequency of oscillation is 100r/min.
Add carbamide, calcium source mixed solution, mix homogeneously, vibration, after terminating, take out regeneration aggregate；Calcium source carbamide mixed solution is made up of carbamide and the deionized water of concentration to be 0.5mol/L calcium source, concentration be 0.5mol/L, and wherein calcium source is calcium chloride or calcium nitrate；Calcium source, carbamide mixed solution ratio long-pending with bacterial liquid are 1:1；After adding calcium source carbamide mixed solution, will being placed under oscillating condition and cultivate 40h by container, frequency of oscillation is 100r/min.
Dry regeneration aggregate under the state of heating while stirring, heating-up temperature less than 85 DEG C, the regeneration aggregate after being processed.
Embodiment two
Concrete mixing plant is cleaned waste concrete that agitating lorry discharges by the ferrum sieve that aperture is 10mm, after sifting out coarse aggregate therein, waste concrete is concentrated in sedimentation tank and precipitate, and clear water is entered clear water reserviors.
With moisture content unnecessary in water absorber or absorbent material sucking-off waste concrete, stir further according to needing the fine grinding quicklime powder adding waste concrete 0.5wt%, when utilizing quick lime aquation, required this principle of a large amount of moisture content absorbs the excessive moisture in concrete further, quick lime addition, so that no longer there being unnecessary free water in aggregate, obtains regeneration aggregate.
Preparing microorganism culture medium, regulates pH value to 7-9 by dripping NaOH solution, and sterilizing also inoculates spore sarcina after being cooled to room temperature, be simultaneously introduced urea liquid, shaken cultivation at 37 DEG C of temperature；Culture medium is made up of peptone 6g/L, beef extract 4g/L and deionized water, or is made up of soy peptone 5g/L, casein peptone 15g/L and deionized water；The condition of described sterilizing is: sterilizing 25min under 125 DEG C of hot conditionss；Antibacterial shaken cultivation 20h, bacterial cell concentration is 625cell/mL.
In inoculum, add regeneration aggregate, continue shaken cultivation；Regeneration aggregate and inoculum proportioning are 150g:250mL-300g:250mL；Recycled fine aggregate has precedence over calcium source carbamide mixed solution and joins in bacterium solution, and vibration keeps 10h, and frequency of oscillation is 150r/min.
Add carbamide, calcium source mixed solution, mix homogeneously, vibration, after terminating, take out regeneration aggregate；Calcium source carbamide mixed solution is made up of carbamide and the deionized water of concentration to be 1mol/L calcium source, concentration be 1mol/L, and wherein calcium source is calcium chloride or calcium nitrate；Calcium source, carbamide mixed solution ratio long-pending with bacterial liquid are 1:4；After adding calcium source carbamide mixed solution, will being placed under oscillating condition and cultivate 60h by container, frequency of oscillation is 150r/min.
Dry regeneration aggregate under the state of heating while stirring, heating-up temperature less than 85 DEG C, the regeneration aggregate after being processed.
The present invention is described by embodiment; but do not limit the invention; it is noted that, for those skilled in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also making some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a discarded concrete aggregate recovery and treatment method, the method comprises the steps:
(1) concrete mixing plant is cleaned waste concrete that agitating lorry discharges by the ferrum sieve that aperture is 10mm, after sifting out coarse aggregate therein, waste concrete is concentrated in sedimentation tank and precipitate, and clear water is entered clear water reserviors；
(2) with moisture content unnecessary in water absorber or absorbent material sucking-off waste concrete, stir further according to needing the fine grinding quicklime powder adding waste concrete 0.5wt%, when utilizing quick lime aquation, required this principle of a large amount of moisture content absorbs the excessive moisture in concrete further, quick lime addition, so that no longer there being unnecessary free water in aggregate, obtains regeneration aggregate；
(3) microbial treatments regeneration aggregate is utilized
(31) preparing microorganism culture medium, regulates pH value to 7-9 by dripping NaOH solution, and sterilizing also inoculates spore sarcina after being cooled to room temperature, be simultaneously introduced urea liquid, shaken cultivation at 25-37 DEG C of temperature；
(32) in inoculum, add regeneration aggregate, continue shaken cultivation；
(33) carbamide, calcium source mixed solution are added, mix homogeneously, vibration, take out regeneration aggregate after terminating；
(34) dry regeneration aggregate under the state of heating while stirring, heating-up temperature less than 85 DEG C, the regeneration aggregate after being processed.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (31), culture medium is made up of peptone 4-6g/L, beef extract 2-4g/L and deionized water, or be made up of soy peptone 5g/L, casein peptone 15g/L and deionized water；The condition of described sterilizing is: sterilizing 25min under 125 DEG C of hot conditionss；Antibacterial shaken cultivation 15h-20h, bacterial cell concentration is 223-625cell/mL.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (32), regeneration aggregate and inoculum proportioning are 150g:250mL-300g:250mL；Recycled fine aggregate has precedence over calcium source carbamide mixed solution and joins in bacterium solution, and vibration keeps 7-10h, and frequency of oscillation is 100-150r/min.
4. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (33), calcium source carbamide mixed solution is made up of carbamide and the deionized water of concentration to be 0.5mol/L-1mol/L calcium source, concentration be 0.5mol/L-1mol/L, and wherein calcium source is calcium chloride or calcium nitrate；In step (33), calcium source, carbamide mixed solution ratio long-pending with bacterial liquid are 1:(1-4)；After adding calcium source carbamide mixed solution, will being placed under oscillating condition and cultivate 40h-60h by container, frequency of oscillation is 100-150r/min.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610228303.8A CN105776928A (en) | 2016-04-13 | 2016-04-13 | Waste concrete aggregate recycling and treating method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610228303.8A CN105776928A (en) | 2016-04-13 | 2016-04-13 | Waste concrete aggregate recycling and treating method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105776928A true CN105776928A (en) | 2016-07-20 |
Family
ID=56397387
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610228303.8A Pending CN105776928A (en) | 2016-04-13 | 2016-04-13 | Waste concrete aggregate recycling and treating method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105776928A (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106477929A (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-03-08 | 上海市建筑科学研究院 | A kind of intensifying regenerating aggregate processing method and intensifying regenerating aggregate concrete |
| CN106830730A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2017-06-13 | 山东建筑大学 | A kind of method that utilization NaOH aqueous slkali improves recycled aggregate of waste concrete quality |
| CN109851266A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-06-07 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of aggregate processing method enhancing construction refuse regenerated concrete chlorine salt resistant erosion performance |
| CN110615629A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2019-12-27 | 东南大学 | Preparation method of concrete recycled aggregate based on microbial mineralization technology |
| CN110984065A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-10 | 四川省水利科学研究院 | Hydraulic structure of red-bed soft rock |
| CN112028517A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-04 | 浙江大学 | Method for inducing calcium carbonate precipitation by using bacillus pasteurii DSM33 to uniformly cover recycled coarse aggregate |
| CN112047654A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-08 | 浙江大学 | Method for reinforcing recycled fine aggregate by using bacillus pasteurii DSM33 |
| CN114349381A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-04-15 | 西安交通大学 | Method for modifying concrete recycled aggregate based on urease-induced calcium carbonate method |
| CN115231871A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-10-25 | 宝鸡市东大洋混凝土有限公司 | Recycled aggregate concrete and preparation method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101096301A (en) * | 2006-06-26 | 2008-01-02 | 黄浩庭 | Method for producing cement and concrete intensifier |
| CN101270369A (en) * | 2008-05-06 | 2008-09-24 | 清华大学 | Microorganism cause concrete or concrete, producing method and application thereof |
-
2016
- 2016-04-13 CN CN201610228303.8A patent/CN105776928A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101096301A (en) * | 2006-06-26 | 2008-01-02 | 黄浩庭 | Method for producing cement and concrete intensifier |
| CN101270369A (en) * | 2008-05-06 | 2008-09-24 | 清华大学 | Microorganism cause concrete or concrete, producing method and application thereof |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106477929A (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-03-08 | 上海市建筑科学研究院 | A kind of intensifying regenerating aggregate processing method and intensifying regenerating aggregate concrete |
| CN106830730A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2017-06-13 | 山东建筑大学 | A kind of method that utilization NaOH aqueous slkali improves recycled aggregate of waste concrete quality |
| CN106830730B (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2019-05-14 | 山东建筑大学 | A method of recycled aggregate of waste concrete quality is improved using sodium hydroxide aqueous slkali |
| CN109851266A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-06-07 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of aggregate processing method enhancing construction refuse regenerated concrete chlorine salt resistant erosion performance |
| CN110615629A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2019-12-27 | 东南大学 | Preparation method of concrete recycled aggregate based on microbial mineralization technology |
| CN110984065A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-10 | 四川省水利科学研究院 | Hydraulic structure of red-bed soft rock |
| CN112028517A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-04 | 浙江大学 | Method for inducing calcium carbonate precipitation by using bacillus pasteurii DSM33 to uniformly cover recycled coarse aggregate |
| CN112047654A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-08 | 浙江大学 | Method for reinforcing recycled fine aggregate by using bacillus pasteurii DSM33 |
| CN112028517B (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2021-10-22 | 浙江大学 | Method for inducing calcium carbonate precipitation by using bacillus pasteurii DSM33 to uniformly cover recycled coarse aggregate |
| CN112047654B (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2022-04-22 | 浙江大学 | Method for reinforcing recycled fine aggregate by using bacillus pasteurii DSM33 |
| CN114349381A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-04-15 | 西安交通大学 | Method for modifying concrete recycled aggregate based on urease-induced calcium carbonate method |
| CN115231871A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-10-25 | 宝鸡市东大洋混凝土有限公司 | Recycled aggregate concrete and preparation method thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105776928A (en) | Waste concrete aggregate recycling and treating method | |
| CN105924053A (en) | Preparation method of regenerated concrete | |
| CN105837075B (en) | A kind of method using microbiological precipitation of CaCO 3 intensifying regenerating concrete fine aggregate | |
| CN108483958B (en) | Resource utilization method of waste incineration fly ash and industrial solid waste | |
| Feng et al. | Enhancement technologies of recycled aggregate–Enhancement mechanism, influencing factors, improvement effects, technical difficulties, life cycle assessment | |
| CN105884229A (en) | Concrete aggregate recycling and modifying method | |
| CN105884230A (en) | Method for recovering and reinforcing concrete aggregate | |
| CN105884308A (en) | Waste concrete regeneration method | |
| CN103951327B (en) | A kind of discarded vitrified brick powder baking-free ceramicite and preparation method | |
| CN103833298B (en) | Slop protection material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105152340A (en) | Red mud phosphate-removing filling material for constructed wetland and preparation method thereof | |
| CN205774138U (en) | A kind of building waste recycled aggregate of waste concrete of enhancing | |
| CN105819798B (en) | A kind of quick setting and high strength sludge consolidating agent and preparation method thereof | |
| CN106431028A (en) | Construction waste red brick powder and coal ash geopolymer material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN115594446B (en) | Preparation method of green concrete based on sludge and waste concrete | |
| CN108192623A (en) | Bayer process red mud roadbed microorganism curing and application process | |
| CN104072026B (en) | A kind of road pavements utilizing ceramic waste material and preparation method thereof | |
| Zhang et al. | Optimization of sodium alginate aided bio-deposition treatment of recycled aggregates and its application in concrete | |
| CN102517033B (en) | Alkaline soil curing agent and its production technology | |
| CN102992724B (en) | Curing agent for expansible heavy metal polluted clay as well as preparation method and using method of curing agent | |
| CN103910481A (en) | Method for carrying out curing treatment on landfill leachate membrane concentration solution sludge by using novel curing agent | |
| CN110877963B (en) | Method for strengthening recycled coarse aggregate by adopting sulfate dry-wet cycle | |
| CN116462437A (en) | Modified recycled aggregate and preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN113461304B (en) | Red mud-based mixed acid chemical conditioner special for deep dehydration of dehydrated sludge and use method thereof | |
| CN112047654B (en) | Method for reinforcing recycled fine aggregate by using bacillus pasteurii DSM33 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20160720 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |