CN105776428A - Household drinking water treatment device applicable to west arid rural area - Google Patents
Household drinking water treatment device applicable to west arid rural area Download PDFInfo
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- CN105776428A CN105776428A CN201610327630.9A CN201610327630A CN105776428A CN 105776428 A CN105776428 A CN 105776428A CN 201610327630 A CN201610327630 A CN 201610327630A CN 105776428 A CN105776428 A CN 105776428A
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- attapulgite
- container
- rural area
- perlite
- composite material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/16—Alumino-silicates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a household drinking water treatment device applicable to the west arid rural area. Perlite is adopted as a base material, and then perlite preprocessing, material blending, infiltrating, moulding, drying and roasting processes are carried out on the perlite, so that a micropore ceramic membrane container in a required shape is obtained; and then natural attapulgite is selected, preprocessing, material mixing, infiltrating, granulating, drying and roasting processes are carried out on the natural attapulgite, so that the required attapulgite particle adsorption filter material is obtained. A filter material in a container can adopt a single attapulgite particle filter material and also can adopt a mixed filter material composed of attapulgite and other filter materials such as activated carbon particles. During water purification, a single-stage treatment method can be adopted, and a second-stage or multi-stage treatment method also can be adopted. The household drinking water treatment device applicable to the west arid rural area has the advantages of simple structure, non-toxic materials, easiness for preparation, low cost, repeated use of the ceramic membrane container, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of drinking water treatment.Relate to a kind of domestic suitable in the high turbid drinking water in western arid rural area underdeveloped and process equipment.This invention can remove the particulate matter in drinking water, and the pollutant such as heavy metal in water are also had certain removal function.It is specially employing perlite prepare micropore ceramics membrane material as base material and be processed into container, the absorbent filter medium such as the built-in attapulgite granule of container, activated carbon.
Background technology
China's In China West Arid Land area is vast, contains Xinjiang, Northwestern Gansu, Ningxia, four areas of West Inner Mongolia.Some local masses generations is that water is worried, and is dashing about all day for solving to absorb water all the year round.There is water area, it is possible to by water works, such as the longest leat up to several thousand kilometers, surface water (such as Huanghe water) is guided to residential block and is stored in cellar, for drinking and field irrigation.The mountain area of some place particularly drought and water shortage, surface drainage is few, and groundwater resources bury inequality, and some area human livestock drinking water is extremely difficult.In order to solve drinking water problem, utilizing technology by rainfall accumulation, utilize collection rain face that rainwater is introduced cellar, accumulation is got up, and drinks for people and animals.But no matter distance attracts surface water or the rainwater of accumulation, usual water turbidity, easy breed bacteria microorganism etc. in cellar, the surface water that special distance attracts, and water quality is subject to polluting on the way happening occasionally.Broad masses, before consumption simply through simple precipitation, just heat and boiled directly drink, and drinking water quality can not be guaranteed, and the health of broad masses is constituted threat.
The removal of conventional drinking water turbidity, what adopt is the operation of coagulation, precipitation, filtration, but it is the surface water that attracts of the distance being stored in cellar or rainwater to the drinking water of above-mentioned western arid rural area, cannot concentrate and carry out drinking water treatment, thus the coagulation of waterworks, precipitation, filtering technique are inapplicable.Can to dosing coagulant in water in order to improve sedimentation effect, but coagulant charging quantity cannot be controlled according to change of water quality, though dosing coagulant can effectively reduce turbidity to a certain extent, there is also and introduces the new risk polluted.Quartz sand filtration technology, it is necessary to baroque filter tank, is unsuitable for dispersion drinking water treatment, to other pollutant removal limited use in water.
Sold drinking water purifier on market, many employing reverse osmosis membrane separation methods, although can effectively remove water pollutant, but need a set of complete equipment, cost is all higher with operating cost, is not suitable for the process of the less-developed western high turbid drinking water of the arid rural area masses.Activated carbon is the water treatment absorbent that purposes is the widest.It has highly developed pore structure and huge specific surface area, and in water treatment procedure, activated carbon has very important effect.The absorbent charcoal adsorber that market is sold is mainly used to the organic contamination in Adsorption water, and is unsuitable for the process of high muddy water.
At present, simple economy is still lacked, for the western arid rural area high turbid drinking water treatment technology of area home.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the present invention devises a kind of household water drinking being applicable to western arid rural area and processes device, it is possible to makes high turbid drinking water effectively filter, and the pollutant etc. such as heavy metal in water can be carried out active adsorption removal.This device employing perlite making micropore ceramics membrane material, and it is processed into the multiple filtrates such as the container of required form and size, the built-in attapulgite granule filter material of container, or attapulgite granule, activated carbon granule.Particulate matter in water is had good filter effect by microporous membrane；Granular absorption filtrate, except playing a role in filtering, also can remove in water the pollutant such as heavy metal ion by active adsorption.This reactor has the advantages such as simple in construction, cost be low, easy to operate, reusable.
Technical scheme: a kind of household water drinking being applicable to western arid rural area of the present invention processes device, adopting perlite is that base material makes micropore ceramics membrane material, and it being processed into the microporous membrane containers of required form and size, the built-in quartz sand of this container, attapulgite granule, activated carbon granule are as filtrate；Described filtrate is single filter material, or the mixing filtrate of attapulgite and other filtrates composition.
The ceramic membrane container of the present invention can be fabricated to required form size, it is possible to assembling single filter material, it is also possible to assembling mixing filtrate filtrate；Uniprocessing pattern can be adopted, it is possible to adopt multistep treatment pattern.The concrete material preparation of the present invention includes with two major parts:
(1). micropore ceramics film container makes
The first step. perlite preprocessing.Take perlite, size-reduced, grind after become powder body, cross 80 mesh sieves；
Second step. mixing of materials.By crushed crude pearlite, sodium alginate, Polyethylene Glycol and methylcellulose according to mass ratio 100:(10～15): (0.4～0.7): the ratio of (4～6) is sufficiently mixed, drip appropriate distilled water again, it is stirred continuously simultaneously, rubs, form plasticity composite material；
3rd step. infiltration.Plasticity composite material, stands 12～48 hours in airtight moist environment；
4th step. molding.Plasticity composite material after infiltration is inserted in container, is pressed into the container of required form, the usual 10～15mm of container thickness.
5th step. dry.By institute's container natural air drying at normal temperatures.
6th step. roasting.Being warming up to 120 DEG C with 0.5～2 DEG C/min speed, be then warming up to 850～1000 DEG C with 1.5～2.5 DEG C/min speed again, the retention time is 0～1h, naturally cools to room temperature.
(2). attapulgite granular absorption filtrate makes
The first step. attapulgite preprocessing.Take natural attapulgite, with distilled water by solid-to-liquid ratio 1: (5～10) soak 12～24h, after adopting blender high-speed stirred 10～30min, stand 12～24h again, take suspension, with autobalance centrifuge dewatering 15～30min, attapulgite after dehydration is put into baking oven, dry at 105 ± 2 DEG C, then grind to form powder body, cross 80 mesh sieves.
Second step. mixing of materials.By attapulgite, sodium alginate according to mass ratio 100:(4～9) ratio is sufficiently mixed, then drips distilled water, be stirred continuously simultaneously, forms plasticity composite material.
3rd step. infiltration.Plasticity composite material, stands 12～48 hours in airtight moist environment.
4th step. granulating and forming.Plasticity composite material after infiltration is inserted granulator granulation or manual pelletize, grain diameter 2～4mm.
5th step. dry.By natural air drying under made particulate matter room temperature.
6th step. roasting.Air-dry rear particulate matter is placed in Muffle furnace, at 600～750 DEG C, roasting 2～3 hours, then natural cooling, obtain required granular absorption filtrate.
Beneficial effect: advantages of the present invention is as follows:
1. the present invention adopts high temperature resistant, nontoxic perlite and attapulgite respectively as the base material making micropore ceramics film container and granular absorption filtrate, and other additives are after high-temperature roasting, without producing noxious substance, water after processing will not be produced secondary pollution.
2. the ceramic membrane container of the present invention and the preparation of granular absorption filtrate and moulding process are simply, easy to operate.After wherein ceramic membrane container can clean, Reusability, thus use cost is cheap, is particularly suitable for the process of rural area underdeveloped Drinking Water.
3. in inventive container, the filtrate of assembling can select according to the character of required removal water pollutant, both can be the attapulgite granular absorption filtrate of homogenizing, it is also possible to be the mixing filtrate of many materials.
4. the ceramic membrane container of the present invention can be fabricated to required form size, both can a container uniprocessing use, it is also possible to multiple containers coordinate multistep treatment to use.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is monolayer filtering device figure,
Fig. 2 is double-deck or multilamellar filtering device figure,
Wherein have: 1-micropore ceramics film container 2-attapulgite granular absorption filtrate 3-activated carbon granule adsorbent.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved in that employing perlite is as base material, through perlite preprocessing, mixing of materials, infiltration, molding, the dry micropore ceramics film container with calcining process making required form；Select natural attapulgite again, make required attapulgite granular absorption filtrate through preprocessing, mixing of materials, infiltration, pelletize, dry and calcining process；Attapulgite granule filter material, or in attapulgite granule/activated carbon granule mixing filtrate loading micropore ceramics film container.When water is processed, only need to being poured into by muddy water equipped with in the micropore ceramics film container of filtrate, water under gravity, flows through filter material layer, and progressively penetrates ceramic membrane container, namely obtain required clean drinking water.
Material preparation method of the present invention is as follows:
(1). micropore ceramics film container makes
The first step. perlite preprocessing.Take perlite, size-reduced, grind after become powder body, cross 80 mesh sieves；
Second step. mixing of materials.By crushed crude pearlite, sodium alginate, Polyethylene Glycol and methylcellulose according to mass ratio 100:(10～15): (0.4～0.7): the ratio of (4～6) is sufficiently mixed, drip appropriate distilled water again, it is stirred continuously simultaneously, rubs, form plasticity composite material；
3rd step. infiltration.Plasticity composite material, stands 12～48 hours in airtight moist environment；
4th step. molding.Plasticity composite material after infiltration is inserted in container, is pressed into the container of required form, the usual 10～15mm of container thickness.
5th step. dry.By institute's container natural air drying at normal temperatures.
6th step. roasting.Being warming up to 120 DEG C with 0.5～2 DEG C/min speed, be then warming up to 850～1000 DEG C with 1.5～2.5 DEG C/min speed again, the retention time is 0～1h, naturally cools to room temperature.
(2). attapulgite granular absorption filtrate makes
The first step. attapulgite preprocessing.Take natural attapulgite, with distilled water by solid-to-liquid ratio 1: (5～10) soak 12～24h, after adopting blender high-speed stirred 10～30min, stand 12～24h again, take suspension, with autobalance centrifuge dewatering 15～30min, attapulgite after dehydration is put into baking oven, dry at 105 ± 2 DEG C, then grind to form powder body, cross 80 mesh sieves.
Second step. mixing of materials.By attapulgite, sodium alginate according to mass ratio 100:(4～9) ratio is sufficiently mixed, then drips distilled water, be stirred continuously simultaneously, forms plasticity composite material.
3rd step. infiltration.Plasticity composite material, stands 12～48 hours in airtight moist environment.
4th step. granulating and forming.Plasticity composite material after infiltration is inserted granulator granulation or manual pelletize, grain diameter 2～4mm.
5th step. dry.By natural air drying under made particulate matter room temperature.
6th step. roasting.Air-dry rear particulate matter is placed in Muffle furnace, at 600～750 DEG C, roasting 2～3 hours, then natural cooling, obtain required granular absorption filtrate.
Embodiment 1:
Adopt above-mentioned micropore ceramics film container production process, processing and fabricating micropore ceramics film container.Adopt above-mentioned attapulgite granular absorption filtrate production process, processing and fabricating attapulgite granular absorption filtrate again.Attapulgite granular absorption filtrate is placed in micropore ceramics film container.This reactor is provided simultaneously with removing in water turbidity and the effect of heavy metal ion in Adsorption water.
Embodiment 2:
Adopt above-mentioned micropore ceramics film container production process, the micropore ceramics film container of the two or more size coupling of processing and fabricating.Adopt above-mentioned attapulgite granular absorption filtrate production process, processing and fabricating attapulgite granular absorption filtrate again.Attapulgite granular absorption filtrate is placed in the micropore ceramics film container of upper strata.Again a certain amount of activated carbon granule adsorbent is placed in lower floor's micropore ceramics film container, and upper strata ceramic membrane device with the use of.This device is provided simultaneously with removing in water in turbidity, Adsorption water heavy metal ion and removes the effect of organic pollutants.
Claims (4)
1. the household water drinking being applicable to western arid rural area processes device, it is characterized in that: adopting perlite is that base material makes micropore ceramics membrane material, and it being processed into the microporous membrane containers of required form and size, the built-in quartz sand of this container, attapulgite granule, activated carbon granule are as filtrate；Described filtrate is single filter material, or the mixing filtrate of attapulgite and other filtrates composition.
2. a kind of household water drinking being applicable to western arid rural area processes device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the manufacture method of described microporous membrane containers specifically includes following steps:
The first step. perlite preprocessing: take perlite, size-reduced, grind after become powder body, cross 80 mesh sieves；
Second step. mixing of materials: by crushed crude pearlite, sodium alginate, Polyethylene Glycol and methylcellulose according to mass ratio 100:(10～15): (0.4～0.7): the ratio of (4～6) is sufficiently mixed, drip appropriate distilled water again, it is stirred continuously simultaneously, rubs, form plasticity composite material；
3rd step. infiltration: by above-mentioned plasticity composite material, stand 12～48 hours in airtight moist environment；
4th step. molding: plasticity composite material after above-mentioned infiltration is inserted in container, it is pressed into the container of required form, container thickness is 10～15mm；
5th step. dry: by institute's container natural air drying at normal temperatures；
6th step. roasting: be warming up to 120 DEG C with 0.5～2 DEG C/min speed, then it is warming up to 850～1000 DEG C with 1.5～2.5 DEG C/min speed again, the retention time is 0～1h, naturally cools to room temperature.
3. according to claims 1, a kind of household water drinking being applicable to western arid rural area processes device, it is characterised in that the manufacture method of described attapulgite granular absorption filtrate specifically includes following steps:
The first step. attapulgite preprocessing: take natural attapulgite, with distilled water by solid-to-liquid ratio 1: (5～10) soak 12～24h, after adopting blender high-speed stirred 10～30min, stand 12～24h again, take suspension, with autobalance centrifuge dewatering 15～30min, attapulgite after dehydration is put into baking oven, dry at 105 ± 2 DEG C, then grind to form powder body, cross 80 mesh sieves；
Second step. mixing of materials: by attapulgite, sodium alginate according to mass ratio 100:(4～9) ratio is sufficiently mixed, then drips distilled water, be stirred continuously simultaneously, forms plasticity composite material；
3rd step. infiltration: plasticity composite material is stood 12～48 hours in airtight moist environment.
4th step. granulating and forming: plasticity composite material after infiltration is inserted granulator granulation or manual pelletize, grain diameter 2～4mm；
5th step. dry: by natural air drying under made particulate matter room temperature；
6th step. roasting: air-dry rear particulate matter is placed in Muffle furnace, at 600～750 DEG C, roasting 2～3 hours, then natural cooling, obtain required granular absorption filtrate.
4. according to claims 1, a kind of household water drinking being applicable to western arid rural area processes device, it is characterised in that during this device scrubbing water, adopts uniprocessing method, or takes two grades or multistep treatment method.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610327630.9A CN105776428A (en) | 2016-05-17 | 2016-05-17 | Household drinking water treatment device applicable to west arid rural area |
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| CN201610327630.9A CN105776428A (en) | 2016-05-17 | 2016-05-17 | Household drinking water treatment device applicable to west arid rural area |
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| CN105776428A true CN105776428A (en) | 2016-07-20 |
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| CN201610327630.9A Pending CN105776428A (en) | 2016-05-17 | 2016-05-17 | Household drinking water treatment device applicable to west arid rural area |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110078248A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2019-08-02 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | The processing method and system of total organic carbon and total nickel in power plant desulfurization wastewater are removed simultaneously |
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| CN2295746Y (en) * | 1997-04-30 | 1998-10-28 | 何林生 | Water minerizing and purifying apparatus |
| RU2386468C2 (en) * | 2005-10-07 | 2010-04-20 | Пюр Уотер Пьюрификейшн Продактс Инк. | Water filters and methods containing activated carbon particles and surface carbon nanofibers |
| CN201482253U (en) * | 2009-08-19 | 2010-05-26 | 李镇西 | Purifying and mineralizing filter for drinking water |
| CN103496957A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2014-01-08 | 韦仲华 | Light porous tourmaline composite ceramic and preparation method thereof |
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2016
- 2016-05-17 CN CN201610327630.9A patent/CN105776428A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2295746Y (en) * | 1997-04-30 | 1998-10-28 | 何林生 | Water minerizing and purifying apparatus |
| RU2386468C2 (en) * | 2005-10-07 | 2010-04-20 | Пюр Уотер Пьюрификейшн Продактс Инк. | Water filters and methods containing activated carbon particles and surface carbon nanofibers |
| CN201482253U (en) * | 2009-08-19 | 2010-05-26 | 李镇西 | Purifying and mineralizing filter for drinking water |
| CN103496957A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2014-01-08 | 韦仲华 | Light porous tourmaline composite ceramic and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 史可顺等: "《陶瓷•玻璃•水泥工业指南2000 中国硅酸盐学会手册6》", 30 April 2000, 中国建材工业出版社 * |
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| 林少华等: "凹凸棒土重金属颗粒吸附剂制备影响因素研究", 《中国环境科学学会学术年会论文集》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110078248A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2019-08-02 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | The processing method and system of total organic carbon and total nickel in power plant desulfurization wastewater are removed simultaneously |
| CN110078248B (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2022-03-18 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Treatment method and system for simultaneously removing total organic carbon and total nickel in power plant desulfurization wastewater |
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