CN105772633A - Mold filling device for directional solidification of turbine blades and preparation method - Google Patents
Mold filling device for directional solidification of turbine blades and preparation method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105772633A CN105772633A CN201511000487.4A CN201511000487A CN105772633A CN 105772633 A CN105772633 A CN 105772633A CN 201511000487 A CN201511000487 A CN 201511000487A CN 105772633 A CN105772633 A CN 105772633A
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- Prior art keywords
- turbo blade
- blade
- wax
- formwork
- pattern
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
- B22C9/082—Sprues, pouring cups
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of investment casting directional solidification and particularly discloses a mold filling device for directional solidification of turbine blades and a preparation method. The structure comprises a spherical mold head wax mold and turbine blade wax molds. The turbine blade wax molds are evenly dispersed and assembled on the spherical mold head wax mold, so that after shell making is completed, outer parts of cavities of all the turbine blades are still completely separated. In the shell making process, the mold shell thickness is controlled, so that the inside of the cavity of each turbine blade forms the radial temperature gradient after pouring mold filling of molten metal, and metal crystals grow radially in a directional manner to form columnar crystals.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to model casting directional solidification field, refer in particular to a kind of turbo blade directional solidification and fill type device and preparation method.
Background technology
Turbocharger is widely used in internal combustion engine, and wherein turbo blade rotation drive coaxial compressor to work under the pushing directly on of high temperature and high speed tail gas, bears higher radial direction thermal stress, be typical heat-resistant part.
Turbo blade generally adopts high temperature alloy precision casting method to prepare, and forms equiax crystal；The transverse grain boundaries of equiax crystal reduces the radial mechanical performance of turbocharger turbine blade, especially high-temerature creep and thermal fatigue property；Therefore, even eliminating transverse grain boundaries by minimizing, it is possible to improve the radial mechanical performance of turbocharger turbine blade, thus improving its service life, reducing cost.
Hot investment casting directional solidification is employing ad hoc approach in casting solidification process, the thermograde of specific direction is set up inside formwork die cavity, so that metallic crystal grows along with hot-fluid opposite direction, foundry goods is finally made to obtain the columnar grain of specific orientation, eliminate transverse grain boundaries, thus improving the foundry goods mechanical property in column crystal differently-oriented directivity；The present invention, namely by the principle of hot investment casting directional solidification, eliminates turbo blade transverse grain boundaries radially, thus improving its radially high-temerature creep and thermal fatigue property.
Summary of the invention:
Precision casting process is used to produce turbo blade, for eliminating the transverse grain boundaries formed in process of setting, the invention provides the device of a kind of hot investment casting directional solidification, this device is by being internally formed thermograde radially at each independent turbo blade die cavity, make metallic crystal from turbo blade leaf margin radially to central shaft oriented growth, thus eliminating transverse grain boundaries, substantially increase turbo blade mechanical property diametrically.
A kind of turbo blade hot investment casting directional solidification fill type device, it is characterised in that adopt and prepare with the following method:
(1) application hot investment casting wax-pattern assemble method, each turbo blade wax-pattern is assembled on the sphere of spherical die head wax-pattern uniformly, dispersedly, distance between each turbo blade wax-pattern is sufficiently large, to guarantee still to keep being kept completely separate outside each turbo blade die cavity after shell processed.
Described it is assembled on the sphere of spherical die head wax-pattern uniformly, dispersedly to refer to each turbo blade wax-pattern: by several turbo blade wax-patterns sphere being assembled in spherical die head substantially symmetrical about its central axis by cylindrical running channel, determine assembling quantity according to turbo blade size.
Between described turbo blade wax-pattern and spherical die head wax-pattern, using sprue to be connected, the two ends of sprue are respectively welded on the sphere of spherical die head wax-pattern and the central shaft of turbo blade wax-pattern.
Described spherical die head wax-pattern outward appearance is spherical in shape, and top is provided with cylindric running channel；Spherical die head can improve die head and assemble the quantity of turbo blade wax-pattern in unit volume, improves recovery rate (i.e. using rate of metal)；Meanwhile, the spherical cavity small volume that spherical mold capitiform becomes, it is possible to when pouring metal melt fills type, provides close mold filling pressure for each turbo blade die cavity；Additionally, produce turbo blade to be generally adopted vacuum melting, spherical die head can improve space availability ratio, reduces the volume of smelting equipment vacuum chamber, reduces cost.
(2) described formwork preparation method, refer to by the control of formwork thickness in shell process processed, close the heat dissipation channel at each turbo blade blade and central shaft position, set up quick heat radiating passage at turbo blade leaf margin position simultaneously, make heat can only be directed radially through blade by central shaft to flow to leaf margin, and be radiated outside by leaf margin, thus forcing metallic crystal to grow along hot-fluid reverse direction, form columnar grain, eliminate transverse grain boundaries.
The control of formwork thickness in described shell process processed, refer to and be coated with at conventional slurry, drench in sand program, add the special procedure including retaining floating sand, intermediate layer grouting thickeies, increase the formwork thickness of turbo blade blade and root surface, finally make the formwork at central shaft and blade position respectively reach 9mm and 6.5mm；By eliminating floating sand, the method striking off backing layer formwork, reduces turbo blade leaf margin position formwork thickness, finally makes leaf margin position formwork thickness reduce to 2mm, expand the thickness difference of position, blade and blade edge and blade blade with the formwork of root surface；Die casing material generally selects the refractory materials such as corundum, mullite, and under high temperature, thickness is maximum effect factor of formwork heat-sinking capability.
Described shell process processed, refers to conventional fine casting formwork preparation technology:
1. slurry is coated with: immersed by module in size barrel, makes slurry and module moistening；
2. sand is drenched: in sand sprinkling machine, drench sand by being coated with the module hung up properly；
3. repeat 1., 2., until the formwork of module reaches respective thickness.
(3) after formwork reaches respective thickness, implementing dewaxing, roasting, wherein, dewaxing, roasting are all the precision casting process of routine.
The present invention compared with prior art, it is advantageous that:
1, filling type device described in and adopt spherical die head, its recovery rate (using rate of metal) is higher than tradition die head, and space structure is compacter, is beneficial to the vacuum-chamber dimensions reducing vacuum melting furnace, reduces the pumpdown time, improves productivity ratio, reduces cost.
2, type device is filled described in when pouring metal melt fills type, liquid high temperature alloy enters spherical mold head dummy chamber from cylindricality running channel, spherical mold head dummy chamber is rapidly filled with, each turbo blade die cavity almost starts simultaneously at and fills type subsequently, and mold filling pressure difference is less, so the turbo blade stay in grade of preparation, uniformity is higher.
3, in each turbo blade die cavity, stable thermograde radially is formed, metallic crystal is made to grow to central shaft from turbo blade leaf margin along blade, form column crystal, eliminate transverse grain boundaries, substantially increase high-temerature creep and the thermal fatigue property of turbocharger turbine blade.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is that turbo blade directional solidification of the present invention is filled type device wax-pattern and assembled schematic diagram, wherein, and 1, cylindrical running channel wax-pattern, 2, sprue wax-pattern, 3, turbo blade wax-pattern, 4, spherical die head wax-pattern.
Fig. 2 is that turbo blade directional solidification of the present invention fills type device formwork die cavity schematic diagram, wherein, and 5, cylindrical running channel, 6, sprue, 7, turbo blade, 8, formwork, 9, spherical die head；As seen from the figure, each turbo blade 7 die cavity is outside disconnected from each other, and namely after type is filled in cast, its temperature field is independent mutually；During cast, the die cavity of spherical die head 9, due to small volume, fills type prior to each turbo blade 7 die cavity, is filled type by sprue 6 to each turbo blade 7 die cavity by spherical die head 9 die cavity subsequently, and mold filling pressure is close.
Fig. 3 a is the profile (longitudinal section) that turbo blade die cavity is parallel to central shaft, and Fig. 3 b is the profile (cross section) that turbo blade die cavity is perpendicular to central shaft, wherein, and 10, turbo blade leaf margin, 11, blade, 12, central shaft；From Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b, by the optimization of formwork preparation method of the present invention, the formwork one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 at turbo blade leaf margin 10 position approximates the 30% of the one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 at the positions such as blade 11 and central shaft 12.
Fig. 4 is the macrograph applying the turbo blade that turbo blade hot investment casting directional solidification of the present invention fills type device and preparation method obtains, it is possible to observe turbo blade diametrically be organized as typical column crystal.
Detailed description of the invention
Apply turbo blade hot investment casting directional solidification of the present invention and fill the enforcement wax-pattern assembling of type device, the sphere of spherical die head wax-pattern 4 assembles 8 pieces of turbo blade wax-patterns 3, each turbo blade wax-pattern 3 is substantially symmetrical about its central axis by cylindrical running channel wax-pattern 1, and the spacing of each turbo blade wax-pattern 3 is bigger, implement slurry subsequently to be coated with, drench sand and carry out shell processed, between every two-layer, retain the floating sand at blade 11 and jackshaft 12 position, and the process of grouting thickening for several times is implemented in intermediate layer, blade 11 part thickness is finally made to reach 6.5mm, central shaft 12 part thickness reaches 9mm；Meanwhile, at leaf margin 10 position, only retaining formwork 3 layers, thick 2mm, backing layer formwork afterwards all strikes off before the drying.Formwork is through dewaxing, after roasting, implement cast, after type is filled in cast, in turbo blade 7 die cavity, the heat of liquid metal is delivered in body of heater only by the formwork at turbo blade leaf margin 10 position, first the liquid metal at leaf margin 10 position obtains degree of supercooling, namely metallic crystal is first at turbo blade leaf margin 10 position forming core, simultaneously, the direction of turbo blade 7 die cavity inherence hot-fluid defines stable thermograde, its direction is directed radially through blade 11 by central shaft 12, point to leaf margin 10, thus inducing the crystal grain of leaf margin 10 position forming core to grow along the reverse direction of thermograde, namely solid liquid interface advances to the movement of high-temperature area along blade 11 to central shaft 12 along with supercool region, form column crystal；It should be noted that, the formwork thickness at leaf margin 10 position is more thin, more uniform, the primary grain that its whole edge obtains is just more uniform, tiny, thus the column crystal ultimately formed is just more low little, fine and close, the mechanical behavior under high temperature of turbo blade also improves accordingly；After metal cools, through shake shell, cutting, take off turbo blade.
The application present invention prepares turbo blade, and recovery rate (using rate of metal) is 80%, and tradition hot investment casting recovery rate is about 50%, and turbo blade quality homogeneity prepared by the application present invention is higher.
After corrosion, observe its grain shape, observe typical columanar structure diametrically, as shown in Figure 4.
Through on probation, turbo blade more traditional equiax crystal turbo blade in service life prepared by the application present invention improves 30%, and operating temperature improves about 15 DEG C.
Finally illustrating, the present invention can also have other embodiments, such as substitutes spherical die head 9 with column die head, the conversion of turbo blade wax-pattern 3 assembling position, quantity increase and decrease etc..All employings are equal to replacement or the technical scheme of equivalent transformation formation, all in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a turbo blade hot investment casting directional solidification fill type device, it is characterised in that adopt and prepare with the following method:
(1) application hot investment casting wax-pattern assemble method, each turbo blade wax-pattern is assembled on the sphere of spherical die head wax-pattern uniformly, dispersedly, distance between each turbo blade wax-pattern is sufficiently large, to guarantee still to keep being kept completely separate outside each turbo blade die cavity after shell processed；
(2) formwork is prepared, by the control of formwork thickness in shell process processed, close the heat dissipation channel at each turbo blade blade and central shaft position, set up quick heat radiating passage at turbo blade leaf margin position simultaneously, make heat can only be directed radially through blade by central shaft to flow to leaf margin, and be radiated outside by leaf margin, thus forcing metallic crystal to grow along hot-fluid reverse direction, form columnar grain, eliminate transverse grain boundaries；
(3), after formwork reaches respective thickness, dewaxing, roasting are implemented.
2. a kind of turbo blade hot investment casting directional solidification as claimed in claim 1 fill type device, it is characterized in that described being assembled on the sphere of spherical die head wax-pattern uniformly, dispersedly to refer to each turbo blade wax-pattern: by several turbo blade wax-patterns sphere being assembled in spherical die head substantially symmetrical about its central axis by cylindrical running channel, determine assembling quantity according to turbo blade size.
3. a kind of turbo blade hot investment casting directional solidification as claimed in claim 1 fill type device, it is characterized in that: between described turbo blade wax-pattern and spherical die head wax-pattern, use sprue is connected, and the two ends of sprue are respectively welded on the sphere of spherical die head wax-pattern and the central shaft of turbo blade wax-pattern.
4. a kind of turbo blade hot investment casting directional solidification as claimed in claim 1 fill type device, it is characterised in that: described spherical die head wax-pattern outward appearance is spherical in shape, and top is provided with cylindric running channel；Spherical die head can improve die head and assemble the quantity of turbo blade wax-pattern in unit volume, improves recovery rate (i.e. using rate of metal)；Meanwhile, the spherical cavity small volume that spherical mold capitiform becomes, it is possible to when pouring metal melt fills type, provides close mold filling pressure for each turbo blade die cavity；Additionally, produce turbo blade to be generally adopted vacuum melting, spherical die head can improve space availability ratio, reduces the volume of smelting equipment vacuum chamber, reduces cost.
5. a kind of turbo blade hot investment casting directional solidification as claimed in claim 1 fill type device, it is characterized in that: the control of formwork thickness in described shell process processed, refer to and be coated with at conventional slurry, drench in sand program, add the special procedure including retaining floating sand, intermediate layer grouting thickeies, increase the formwork thickness of turbo blade blade and root surface, finally make the formwork at central shaft and blade position respectively reach 9mm and 6.5mm；By eliminating floating sand, the method striking off backing layer formwork, reduces turbo blade leaf margin position formwork thickness, finally makes leaf margin position formwork thickness reduce to 2mm, expand the thickness difference of position, blade and blade edge and blade blade with the formwork of root surface；Die casing material generally selects the refractory materials such as corundum, mullite, and under high temperature, thickness is maximum effect factor of formwork heat-sinking capability.
6. a kind of turbo blade hot investment casting directional solidification as described in claim 1 or 5 fill type device, it is characterised in that: described shell process processed, refer to conventional fine casting formwork preparation technology:
1. slurry is coated with: immersed by module in size barrel, makes slurry and module moistening；
2. sand is drenched: in sand sprinkling machine, drench sand by being coated with the module hung up properly；
3. repeat 1., 2., until the formwork of module reaches respective thickness.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201511000487.4A CN105772633B (en) | 2015-12-28 | 2015-12-28 | A kind of turbo blade hot investment casting directional freeze method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201511000487.4A CN105772633B (en) | 2015-12-28 | 2015-12-28 | A kind of turbo blade hot investment casting directional freeze method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105772633A true CN105772633A (en) | 2016-07-20 |
| CN105772633B CN105772633B (en) | 2018-05-11 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109807284A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-05-28 | 南通海泰科特精密材料有限公司 | A kind of disjunctor crucible formwork manufacture craft and disjunctor crucible formwork for casting |
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Patent Citations (9)
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| CN101537484A (en) * | 2009-03-17 | 2009-09-23 | 江苏大学 | Method for improving temperature distribution in process of single crystal casting solidification |
| CN101629272A (en) * | 2009-08-12 | 2010-01-20 | 江苏大学 | Method for preparing continuous-fiber partially-reinforced aluminum alloy parts |
| CN103252448A (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2013-08-21 | 江苏大学 | Preparation method of thin-wall high-strength mold shell for single crystal blade manufacturing |
| KR101350431B1 (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2014-01-15 | 한국차폐기술주식회사 | A precision casting mold for comprehensive turbine housing by using a shell mold |
| CN104259442A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-01-07 | 江苏大学 | Method for preventing single crystal blade from generating miscellaneous crystal defect |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109807284A (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-05-28 | 南通海泰科特精密材料有限公司 | A kind of disjunctor crucible formwork manufacture craft and disjunctor crucible formwork for casting |
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| CN105772633B (en) | 2018-05-11 |
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