CN1057670A - The metal complex of mannich base - Google Patents

Abstract

Utilization contains the reagent of transition metal and the reaction of aromatics mannich compound, preparation contain hydroxyl and (or) metal complex of the mannich compound of sulfydryl.Mannich compound then by contain hydroxyl and (or) the aromatics aldehydes or ketones of the replacement of sulfydryl and contain hydroxyl and (or) amine compound of sulfydryl prepared.Schiff's base is reacted with it with it or not.Product can be used for reducing the kindling temperature of cigarette ash at diesel engine particulate collector.

Description

The metal complex of mannich base

The invention relates to the metal reaction product of Manny phase (Mannich) type compound, this material does not make degradation of fuel usually and can reduce the kindling temperature of cigarette ash in the Diesel Particle Trapping Device.

German Patent No.2443017 and corresponding US No.4044036 are about the dimethyleneimine compound that can be used as the pigment use and 1: 1 complex compound of metal.

Russian patent No.794015 is the copper chelate type hydration complex compound of using as antioxidant in the synthetic ester type lubricating oil about being suitable for.This inner complex reacts under the room temperature in alkaline medium and methyl alcohol with venus crystals by corresponding phenol mannich base (Mannich base) and obtains.

The U.S. Patent No. 3574837 of authorizing people such as Pacheco is about being used as the Schiff's base (Schiff base) of sterilant.

The U.S. Patent No. 3875200 of authorizing people such as L ' Eplattenier is about dimethyleneimine compound pigment.

The U.S. Patent No. 3945933 of authorizing people such as Chibnik is the multi-metal complexes about a kind of nitrogen-containing organic compound of replacement, and this complex compound can utilize certain organic compound, contain the polyamines of two nitrogen-atoms and the method for at least two kinds of metallic compounds reaction at least makes; In employed metallic compound, having a kind of compound at least is the salt that can form complex compound with polyamines and can also form complex compound with said second kind of metallic compound.

The U.S. Patent No. 3988323 of authorizing L ' Eplattenier is 1: 1 and 1: 2 a complex compound about two hydrazides and metal, and this complex compound can be as the pigment of high-molecular-weight organic material matter.

The U.S. Patent No. 4029683 of authorizing people such as Aratani is the method about production opticity alkyl chrysanthemum monocarboxylate, wherein with Schiff's base coordinate copper complex in the presence of, make 2,5-diformazan-2, the reaction of 4-hexadiene and alkyl diazo acid ester.

The U.S. Patent No. 4093614 of authorizing people such as Chibnik is the multi-metal complexes about a kind of nitrogen-containing organic compound of replacement, and this complex compound can utilize certain organic compound, contain the amine of two nitrogen-atoms and the method preparation of at least two kinds of metallic compounds reaction at least; Wherein have at least a kind of said metal to form Wei Er sodium (Wcrner) type co-ordination complex but also can form the salt of complex compound with said second kind of metallic compound with said amine.

Can be used as the compound of the additive that distillates fuel, with contain hydroxyl and (or) the aromatics aldehydes or ketones of sulfydryl, hydroxyl and (or) amine of sulfydryl and the reaction product that contains at least between a kind of reagent of transition metal produced.This product can with or not with schiff base reaction.

A compound of the present invention is the aromatic substance that is replaced by alkyl that contains hydroxyl or sulfydryl, and its formula is generally:

Wherein Ar is polyaryl of aryl of phenyl and so on or naphthyl and so on or the like.And Ar can be the aromatic substance of coupling, for example naphthyl, phenyl or the like.Wherein coupler is O, S, CH ₂, 1～about 6 carbon atom low-grade alkylidenes and NH or the like, and R ' and XH are in the side of each aryl usually.The particular instance of the aromatic substance of coupling comprises pentanoic and diphenylmethylene or the like.It is 1～3,1 or 2 better that " m " of XH base number is generally, and preferred 1.It is 1～4,1 or 2 better that " n " of substituted R ' group number is generally, and the group of single replacement is preferred.X be O and (or) S, preferred O.That is to say that if m=2, then X can be two O, two S or an O and a S.R ' can be the substituting group based on alkyl of a hydrogen or 1～about 100 carbon atoms.Here and in the whole text the term " based on the substituting group of alkyl " that uses in the specification sheets or " alkyl " are meant some substituting groups like this, wherein there is a carbon atom to be directly connected on the rest part of this molecule, and mainly shows the alkyl characteristic within the scope of the present invention.This substituting group comprises:

1. hydrocarbon substituent, be aliphatic substituting group (as alkyl or alkenyl), alicyclic substituting group (as cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl), examine or the like by the virtue of aryl, fat base and alicyclic radical replacement, and some ring substituents like this, wherein said ring is (being that pointed any two substituting groups all can form an alicyclic ring atomic group jointly) of finishing by another part of this molecule.

2. the hydrocarbon substituent of Qu Daiing promptly contains the substituting group of nonhydrocarbon atomic group, and this nonhydrocarbon atomic group does not change the dominant alkyl characteristic of this substituting group within the scope of the present invention.Those skilled in the art can know these atomic groups that are suitable for [for example fontanel (particularly chlorine and fluorine), alkoxyl group, sulfydryl, alkyl thiol, nitro, nitroso-group and sulfeno (sulfoxy) or the like).

3. assorted substituting group, promptly such substituting groups, they not only demonstrate dominant hydrocarbon characteristic within the scope of the present invention but also contain some non-carbon atoms that exist on a chain or rings, otherwise said chain or ring all are made up of carbon atom.

R ' is a hydrogen, the said alkyl (as alkyl) of 1～about 100 carbon atoms, the alkyl of 1～about 30 carbon atoms (alkyl of about 7～20 carbon atoms is more satisfactory), the alkenyl of 2～about 30 carbon atoms (alkenyl of about 8～20 carbon atoms is better), the cycloalkyl of 4～about 10 carbon atoms (cycloalkyl of about 5～7 carbon atoms is better), the aryl of about 6～30 carbon atoms, the aryl that alkyl that the aryl of total carbon atom number about 7～30 replaces or alkyl replace (about 7～12 carbon atoms better).Said substituting group based on alkyl, the alkyl of preferred 7～about 20 carbon atoms is preferably the alkyl of about 7～14 carbon atoms.The suitable example of the hydroxyl aryl that alkyl replaces comprises various naphthols, pyrocatechol, Resorcinol and quinhydrones that more preferably various alkyl replace, various xylenol, various cresols, amino-phenol or the like.Various suitable (A) examples for compounds comprise heptylphenol, octyl phenol, nonylphenol, decyl phenol, dodecyl phenol, tetrapropyl phenol, dodecyl phenol or the like.Preferred especially dodecyl phenol, tetrapropyl phenol and heptylphenol.The example of the suitable aryl that contains sulfydryl that alkyl replaces comprises heptyl benzene thiophenol, octyl group thiophenol, nonyl benzene thiophenol, dodecyl thiophenol and tetrapropyl thiophenol or the like.The suitable examples that contains the aryl of hydroxyl and sulfydryl comprises the 2-mercaptoalkyl phenol that dodecyl-thioresorcinol and alkyl as above defined.R ° is H, amino or hydroxyl, and H is preferred.

(B) of the present invention compound has molecular formula

Or its precursor.R ²And R ³Can be H or alkyl independently, the alkyl of 1～18 carbon atom for example, the alkyl of preferred 1 or 2 carbon atom.Said alkyl also can be the phenyl that phenyl or about 1～18 carbon atom (1～12 carbon atom of preferably approximately) alkyl replaces.In addition, R ³Can be the alkyl that contains carbonyl or carboxyl, wherein said alkyl directly defines as top.(B) suitable examples of compound comprises various aldehydes or ketones, for example formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionic aldehyde, butyraldehyde, valeral, phenyl aldehyde or the like, and methylethylketone, Ketene dimethyl, second acetone, methyl butyl ketone, oxalic dialdehyde, Glyoxylic acid hydrate or the like.Under reaction conditions of the present invention, the precursor of this compound that reacts as aldehyde also can use, and comprises Paraformaldehyde 96, trioxin and formalin or the like.Preferred formaldehyde and polymkeric substance (as Paraformaldehyde 96) thereof.Naturally also can utilize the mixture of various (B) reactant.

An importance of the present invention be utilize (C) contain hydroxyl and (or) amine compound of sulfydryl, and preferentially select the compound of hydroxyl for use.Amino is primary amine or secondary amine preferably.Contain sulfydryl and (or) amine compound of hydroxyl has about 1～10 primary amine groups or secondary amine, wherein nearly 1～10 sulfydryl and about 1～10 hydroxyl usually.This compound preferably contains 1 or 2 amido and 1 or 2 sulfydryl and 1 or 2 hydroxyl.The representative example that contains the amine compound of sulfydryl comprises 2-mercaptoethylamine and N-(2-mercapto ethyl) thanomin or the like.

The amine compound of preferred hydroxyl can be that amine, a molecular formula that contains the cyclic hydrocarbon radical hydroxyl is HO-R ⁴-NH ₂Compound or molecular formula be:

Compound.

Said cyclic hydrocarbon radical compound can contain 1～10(preferred 1 or 2) individual hydroxyl.Said hydroxyl preferably is in the ring structure side.Number of amino groups is approximately 1～10, and 1 amino is preferred.This amino preferably also is in the ring structure side.Carbonatoms is 3～20 in the cyclic hydrocarbon radical, the cycloalkyl of preferred 3～6 carbon atoms.This amine example that contains the cyclic hydrocarbon radical hydroxyl comprises 2-Trans-4-Amino Cyclohexanol or the like.

In molecular formula is in the compound of HO-R-NH, and R is the alkylene of 1～20 carbon atom, and it can be straight or branched etc.R is the alkylene of 2～about 6 carbon atoms (preferred 2 or 3 carbon atoms) preferably.

Have a look formula now:

R wherein ⁵, it can be the alkyl of hydrogen or 1～about 20 carbon atoms, and can be straight chain and side chain or the like.R ⁵The alkyl that is 1～about 20 carbon atoms is for well, and the alkyl of 1～about 2 carbon atoms is better.R ⁵Preferentially select hydrogen atom for use.

The repeating unit number, promptly " O " equals 1～10, and preferred 1.R ⁶Be hydrogen atom, the alkyl of 1 of hydroxyl～about 20 carbon atoms, the hydrocarbyl polyamine base of the alkyl primary amine groups or 1 of 1～about 20 carbon atoms～about 20 carbon atoms.For well, the alkyl of 2 or 3 carbon atoms is better, the alkyl of preferred 2 carbon atoms with the alkyl of 1～20 carbon atom for the alkyl of hydroxyl.The amino that contains hydroxyl with alkyl amine group for well, the primary amine groups of 1～20 carbon atom for example, 2 or 3 carbon atoms better preferably contains 2 carbon atoms.For well, 2 or 3 carbon atoms better preferably contains 2 carbon atoms to the alkyl that contains the polyamines base with the alkyl of 1～20 carbon atom.This compound can contain and adds up to 1～10 amino, preferably contains those of 1 or 2 amino.Take together R ⁵And R ⁶Contain 24 or carbon atom still less altogether.

Said (c) compound, i.e. the amine of hydroxyl, the example comprises monoamine and polyamines class, its condition is that they contain a primary amine groups or secondary amine at least.The particular instance of the amine of hydroxyl comprises thanomin, two (3-hydroxypropyl) amine, 3-hydroxyl butylamine, 4-hydroxyl butylamine, diethanolamine, two (2-hydroxypropyl) amine, N-(hydroxypropyl) propylamine, N-(2-hydroxyethyl) hexahydroaniline, 3-hydroxycyclopent amine, N-hydroxyethyl piperazine or the like.The amino alcohol example that is suitable for comprises the N-(hydroxy lower alkyl) amine and polyamines class, colamine, two (2-hydroxyethyl) amine and N for example, N, N '-three (2-hydroxyethyl) ethylene diamine.

The alkylene polyamine class that other list or many-N-hydroxyalkyl replace, especially those and the alkylene polyamine class that contains no more than 7 amino that in the alkylidene group atomic group, contain 2～3 carbon atoms, reaction product between for example about 2 moles of alkylene oxides and the 1 mole of diethylenetriamine also must take in.

Comprising R ⁴Following formula in the alkamine that contains primary amine groups of illustrating, be recorded among the U.S. Patent No. 3576743, existing by with reference to hereby it being completely integrated here.The special case of the primary amine class that hydroxyl replaces comprises 2-amino-1-butanols, 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, 2-amino-1-propyl alcohol, 3-amino-1-propyl alcohol, 2-amino-2-methyl-1, ammediol, 2-amino-2-ethyl-1, ammediol, N-(β-hydroxypropyl)-N '-(β-aminoethyl) piperazine, three (methylol) aminomethane (also being called trimethylol aminomethane), 2-amino-1-butanols, thanomin, β-(β-hydroxy ethoxy) ethamine, glucosamine (glucamine), glycosamine (glucosamine), 4-amino-3-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-butylene (can adopt method as known in the art, utilize prepared in reaction between isoprene oxygen and the ammonia), the N-(3-aminopropyl)-and the 4-(2-hydroxyethyl) piperazine, 2-amino-6-methyl-6-enanthol, 5-amino-1-amylalcohol, N-(beta-hydroxyethyl-1, the 3-Diaminoalkyl, 1,3-diamino-2-hydroxypropyl alkane and N-(β-hydroxyl ethoxyethyl)-ethylene diamine or the like.The primary amine class that the hydroxyl that will take in about can be used as (C) use replaces further specifies in the U.S. Patent No. 3576743, by reference the explanation of relevant this amine is pieced together into this paper especially now.

(D) of the present invention reagent contains a kind of transition metal, i.e. metal in periodictable 1B, 2B, 5B-7B and 8 families, referring to the explanation in " chemistry and physics handbook " (the 61st edition, CRC publishing company, 1980-1981).Any salt of transition metal can be used, therefore its carbonate, vitriol, nitrate, fontanelle compound (for example muriate), oxide compound, oxyhydroxide and composition thereof can be used.These salt are known in present technique field and document.Suitable transition metal comprises copper, iron, zinc and manganese.In addition, also can use various oil soluble salt, for example by naphthenic acid salt and the derivative salt of various carboxylate salt.That is to say, can react derivative salt by transition metal and soap class or lipid acid (saturated or undersaturated).Said lipid acid is nearly 8～18 carbon atoms usually.Another salt is the metal ester class, and wherein said ester is a rudimentary aliphatic ester, the alkyl ester of preferably nearly 1～7 carbon atom.The salt that contains transition metal, its particular instance comprise zinc oxide, ventilation breather (also being called the hydroxyl copper carbonate), venus crystals, cupric bromide, copper butyrate, cupric chloride, cupric nitrate, cupric oxide, Palmiticacid copper, copper sulfate, ironic acetate, iron bromide, iron carbonate, iron(ic) chloride, ironic hydroxide, iron nitrate, ferric sulfate, manganous acetate, Manganese dibromide, Manganous chloride tetrahydrate, manganous sulfate or the like.Preferably (D) reagent comprises ventilation breather and venus crystals.

Can utilize the whole bag of tricks, the metal complex of the mannich compound of for example single still method or two still method (asingle pot or a twopot preperation) preparation hydroxyl.Said single still method be chiefly directed in the appropriate containers add (A) hydroxyl containing aromatic compound, (B) saturated aldehydes or ketones and (C) hydroxyl and (or) amine compound of sulfydryl, and heating so that this reaction carry out.Utilizable temperature of reaction is the decomposition temperature from room temperature to mannich compound approximately.Remove with gas bleed method (Sparging) between the reaction period and anhydrate.Be preferably in the kind solvent of aromatic oil for example and carry out this reaction.The quantity of used various reactants, for every mole of (C) secondary amine, be preferably 1 mole (A) and (B), for every mole of (C) primary amine groups, be preferably 2 moles (A) and (B), but will illustrate hereinafter and also can use more or less amount (A) and (B).Then, usually slow adding contains (D) compound of a kind of transition metal at least, because except that foaming for control, and the heat release of reaction possibility.Carbonic acid gas and water and so on reaction by product is used proper method, and irrigation is for example removed being higher than under the water boiling point temperature usually.But said temperature is usually less than 150 ℃, because the metal complex potentially unstable under higher temperature that forms.

Two still methods are basically by following description operation, but its various change type methods also can adopt.In a reaction vessel, add hydroxyl containing aromatic compound (A) and hydroxyl and (or) amine compound (C) of sulfydryl.Add said aldehydes or ketones (B) generally speaking rapidly, and slowly heating, so that, make temperature of reaction be increased to about 90 ℃ from about 60 ℃ with the thermopositive reaction that produces.Heated temperatures is preferably lower than the boiling point of water, otherwise water boiling foaming causes handling problem.After this reaction substantially fully, remove moisture content, for example can adopt methods such as vacuum-evaporation, ventilation flushing or heating evaporation water except that anhydrating with traditional method.When temperature when about 100 ℃ are brought up to about 130 ℃, usually adopt the method for logical nitrogen wash, can certainly utilize higher or lower temperature.

This reaction is generally carried out in solvent.Can use traditional solvent, for example toluene, dimethylbenzene or propyl alcohol.Various oils, for example aromatics type oil and No. 100 neutral wet goods adopt often.

(A), (B) and (C) explanation of each composition consumption as above, but will be appreciated that and also can use each composition of greater or lesser amount.For example, can use about 0.5 to about 6 moles (A) and (B) for every mole of (C) primary amine groups, the most handy about 1.8 to about 2.2 moles (A) and (B).Can use about 0.2 to about 2 moles (A) and (B) for every mole of (C) secondary amine, the most handy about 0.9 to about 1.1 moles (A) and (B).

Next step reaction is the reaction with the reagent that contains a kind of transition metal at least (D), so that form Manny phase complex compound.In order to make metal free, preferably use promotor, so that make it and last reaction with metallic compound.Also can before or after adding metal, add said promotor.Because the formation of metal complex may be heat release, so slowly add metallic compound usually, for example drips metallic compound, so that the foaming that control is overflowed because of carbonic acid gas and the formation of water causes.Perhaps can in appropriate solvent, mix metallic compound and promotor, in this mixture, add Manny phase complexing agent then.This reactions steps is carried out under from about room temperature to about 90 ℃ of temperature usually.After making this reaction pass through the enough time substantially fully, use traditional method, for example anhydrating and residual carbonic acid gas than making under the lower temperature of the unsettled temperature of metal complex to remove with irrigation.The unstable temperature of various metal complexs depends on the type of compound, and threshold value is approximately 150 ℃.Therefore, generally below 130 ℃, usually washing below 120 ℃.

Usually need promotor to improve the speed of reaction of containing metal compound as mentioned above.Preferably use for example basic-type accelerator such as ammonium hydroxide.Known any common hydration basic salt all can use usually in this area and the document, for example potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and yellow soda ash or the like, and ammonium hydroxide is preferred.Known as those skilled in the art, said accelerator level generally changes with the type of metal.

Metal complex mannich compound of the present invention can not make degradation of fuel usually, therefore many purposes can be arranged.A kind of specially suitable purposes is to use as diesel-fuel additive.During use (during the burning), whole organic moiety are burnt basically in the mannich compound of said metal complex.Found that all the other metal part branches of this compound reduce the kindling temperature of cigarette ash.Therefore, in the particulate soot collector, cigarette ash is very easily more decomposing or reaction under the low temperature, and said collector usually uses simultaneously with diesel motor.

On the other hand, the present invention usually uses Schiff's base usually to need to use some Schiff's base with above-mentioned metal Manny phase complex compound simultaneously, because Schiff's base helps the various metals of complexing or chelating such as copper and so on.

Usually, can use the Schiff's base of any general type according to the known way in this area and the document.For example, the suitable Schiff's base of the present invention's use is by shown in the following formula:

R ⁷The alkylene of 1-30 carbon atom normally, the alkylidene group of 1-30 carbon atom for example, with the 1-6 carbon atom for well, preferred ethylidene.R ⁷Also can be the aryl of aryl of all like phenyl, naphthyl and so on or the alkyl replacement that total carbon atom number is 6～36 carbon atoms, the 6-12 carbon atom is preferably arranged approximately.R ⁸Can be the alkyl of hydrogen or about 1-20 carbon atom independently, the alkyl of 1-20 carbon atom for example, hydrogen or methyl are preferred.R ⁸Also can be alkylamine, diamines or polyamines (having no more than 7 of the open chain of 1～about 20 carbon atoms or cycloalkyl and nitrogen-atoms number), the aryl of phenyl, naphthyl and so on, or the total aryl that is about the alkyl replacement of 6-36 carbon atom, what be about 6～12 carbon atoms is preferred.This R ⁶The number of group, promptly the p value is 1 or 2, preferred 1.The hydroxyl value of being represented by r is 1 or 2 equally, and preferred 1.R ⁹Can be the alkyl of a hydrogen or 1-20 carbon atom independently, the alkyl of 1-20 carbon atom for example, the alkyl of 1-6 carbon atom be for well, preferred hydrogen.R ⁹Also can be to add up to the aryl of about 36 carbon atoms of 6-or the aryl that alkyl replaces, about 12 carbon atoms of 6-are wherein preferably arranged.This R ⁹The number of group, promptly S is 1 or 2, and preferred 1.R ¹⁰Be hydrogen or low alkyl group, i.e. the alkyl of about 8 carbon atoms of 1-, preferred hydrogen.Group number by in the Schiff's base of t representative is 1-6, and preferred 2.The representative instance of this Schiff's base comprises N, N '-two salicylidene-1,2-propylene diamine, N-salicylidene aniline, NN '-two salicylidene ethylene diamine and salicylic aldehyde-β-N-aminoethyl piperazine or the like.

Said Schiff's base quantity is about the imido grpup nitrogen of 1/4～4 grammeatom the said metal of every grammeatom in said reaction product, be preferably about 1/2 to about 3 grammeatom nitrogen.At room temperature, utilize the blended method that Schiff's base is mixed with metal Manny phase complex compound simply.The Schiff's base of the above-mentioned type is known in the art, and generally can buy on market.

Metal Manny phase complex compound of the present invention, no matter itself or with the mixture of Schiff's base, all be with the concentration matter form preparation in fuel, added later usually.When using with the concentration matter form, said concentration matter solution also can contain some dispersion agents and inert organic liquid diluent basically, and these dispersion agents and thinner are known in this area and document.The example that is suitable for dispersion agent comprises succinimide etc.With metal Manny phase complex compound and (or) Schiff's base usually nonreactive suitable liquid organic thinner comprise various aliphatic series and aromatic hydrocarbon, for example naphthenic, kerosene, weaving alcohol (textile spirits), benzene,toluene,xylene, alcohols such as Virahol, propyl carbinol, isopropylcarbinol and 2-Ethylhexyl Alcohol, ethers such as the single ether of ethylidene or diethylidene cycloalkyl or two ether, and mineral oil and synthetic oil or the like.Preferable absorbent comprises mineral oil and aromatic petroleum naphtha.Though in said concentration matter, can use other additive, better with above-mentioned additive.No matter whether the quantity of used metal Manny phase complex compound in said concentration matter wherein contain Schiff's base, is about 10-99%(weight usually), and about 25-75(weight) % is preferred.

Contain or do not contain the metal Manny phase complex compound of Schiff's base, be often used as the additive of various fuel compositions.Those skilled in the art know that all according to its final purposes, this fuel composition has different boiling ranges, viscosity, turbidity (cloua) and yield point (pour point) or the like.The diesel-fuel that people generally know that, distillate fuel, oil fuel, residual oil and ship's boiler fuel or the like is exactly this class A fuel A.The performance of these fuel is known for this area, has for example done detailed description by ASTM standard D396-73.As mentioned above, preferred purposes is relevant with diesel-fuel, makes this fuel not only have satisfactory stability, and can also reduce the kindling temperature of cigarette ash.In this fuel, contain or do not contain the reaction product amount of the present invention of Schiff's base, in said fuel, contain about 1～500ppm metal by weight, preferably approximately contain 15～200ppm metal.

The specific preparation method of the following examples explanation The compounds of this invention.

Embodiment 1

In volume is 12 liters four neck flasks, add dodecyl phenol (3240 gram), hydrorefined naphthylmethylidyne oil (2772 gram) and thanomin (380 milliliters), used flask has mechanical stirrer, thermowell, thermometer, nitrogen washpipe, H-trap and condenser.Stir down this mixture heating up to 72 ℃, add Paraformaldehyde 96 (372 gram) rapidly therein.Interior reaction temperature is increased to maximum value-147 ℃ during 3 hours, will wash out with nitrogen simultaneously.With respect to 230 milliliters of premier's opinion water yields, collect 218 ml waters altogether.Then in this flask, adding Cu under 25 ℃ ₂(OH) ₂CO ₃(663 gram).Solution is warmed to 63 ℃, adds ammoniacal liquor (782 milliliters).The reactant limit is removed with nitrogen wash (under 1.0 standard cubic foots/hour condition) and is anhydrated, the limit heating.The top temperature that reaches after during 8.5 hours is 122 ℃.With respect to 662 milliliters of theoretical waters, the water yield of collection is 648 milliliters.Make reactant cooling and filtration then, made required product.With respect to theoretical value 6930 grams, output 6593 grams, productive rate is 95%.

Embodiment 2

In having 12 liter of four neck flask of mechanical stirrer, thermowell, thermometer, nitrogen washpipe, hydrogen trap and condenser, add dodecyl phenol (3240 gram), lower boiling aromatic ring alkane solvents (2500 gram) and thanomin (362 milliliters).Stir down this reactant is heated to 70 ℃, in this solution, add Paraformaldehyde 96 (372 gram) then rapidly.This solution is slowly heated, wash with nitrogen simultaneously.The maximum temperature that reaches in during 5 hours is 137 ℃.Collect 230 ml water solution, reaction mixture is cooled to 30 ℃, add ammoniacal liquor (391 milliliters).Cut off thermal source, add Cu gradually in during 30 minutes ₂(OH) ₂CO ₃(663 gram).Add Cu ₂(OH) ₂CO ₃In the process, exothermic heat of reaction makes temperature be increased to 47 ℃ by about 30 ℃.Add ammoniacal liquor (95 milliliters) then rapidly, make temperature of reaction be increased to about 70 ℃.In order in the hydrogen trap, to collect water, increase this solution temperature gradually, about 121 ℃ of top temperature in during 14.5 hours.With respect to theoretical Total Water is 537 milliliters, and the Total Water of collection is 536 milliliters.Cooling is also filtered this solution, and the productive rate that reaches is 93%.

Embodiment 3

In having 2 liter of four neck flask of mechanical stirrer, nitrogen washpipe, hydrogen trap, condenser and feed hopper, add the 928 gram mannich compounds of pressing embodiment 1 preparation.Heated solution adds Cu to about 55 ℃ of ground in flask ₂(OH) ₂CO ₃(no CO ₂Disengage).When temperature reaches 60 ℃, add ammoniacal liquor in during 15 minutes.Temperature reaches 120 ℃ of maximum values gradually in during 5 hours, washes with nitrogen simultaneously.Collecting total amount in hydrogen trap device is 85 ml waters, and theoretical value is 88 milliliters.The filtering reaction product, productive rate reaches 90%.

Embodiment 4

In having 2 liter of four neck flask of mechanical stirrer, thermowell, hydrogen trap and condenser, add dodecyl phenol (900 gram), xylol (300 gram) and ethanol amido (105 gram).Stir down mixture heating up to 70 ℃, in reactant, add Paraformaldehyde 96 rapidly, be heated to 150 ℃ then, with the hydrogen trap except that anhydrating.Collect after the water, reactant is cooled to 120 ℃, filter.This filtrate contains mannich compound.

In having 1 liter of four neck flask of thermowell, mechanical stirrer, hydrogen trap and condenser, add basic carbonate ketone (50 gram), isopropyl acetone (200 milliliters) and ammonium hydroxide (100 milliliters).Heat this mixture to 60 ℃, in flask, add the above-mentioned mannich compound of 353 grams.The reacting by heating thing kept 3 hours to solvent refluxing.Use vent fan then under 18 millimeters mercury pressures, in 135 ℃ of from then on stripping solvent and water in the material.Remove desolvate and water during, with naphthenic oil (220 gram) diluting reaction thing.Filter flask contents, productive rate reaches 92%, output 481 grams, and theoretical value is 523 grams.

Embodiment 5

In having 2 liter of four neck flask of mechanical stirrer, thermowell, hydrogen trap and condenser, add dodecyl phenol (900 gram), xylol (300 gram) and the 50%NaOH aqueous solution (1 gram).Stir down reactant is heated to 60 ℃, add 53 gram Paraformaldehyde 96s.Then flask is heated to 110 ℃ and reaches 1 hour to whole polyformaldehyde reactions.This material further is heated to 150 ℃, removes H ₂O.Add in the formic acid then and the NaOH catalyzer.Reactant is cooled to 60 ℃, adds diethanolamine and Paraformaldehyde 96 in succession.Finish reactant is heated to 135 ℃ of these maximums, in the hydrogen trap, collect water.After reacting completely, with this material cooling and filtration.The mannich compound that this filtrate is required.

In having 1 liter of four neck flask of mechanical stirrer, thermowell and condenser, add basic carbonate ketone (50 gram), isopropyl acetone (200 milliliters) and ammonium hydroxide (150 milliliters).Heat this solution to 38 ℃, add the above-mentioned mannich compound of 425 grams in the reactant that stirs, this material 5 hours of refluxing is used aspirator vacuum (21 millimeters mercury) to remove 120 ℃ of following solution-off to desolvate, water and ammonium hydroxide then.During solution-off,, cool off then and filter with naphthenic oil (300 gram) diluting reaction thing.Output 723 gram products, theoretical value is 752 grams, productive rate 96%.

Regardless of the concrete preparation method of reaction product, directly utilization at room temperature make recognize choosing Schiff's base with it the blended method it is joined wherein.Said Schiff's base can be the Schiff's base of above-mentioned any kind.In some cases, Schiff's base is insoluble with respect to said reaction product; Usually independently Schiff's base is added among the fuel in this case.

The various reaction product of preparation have as stated above been made and have tested.What use is 4.3 liters of V-6 diesel motors of 1983 General Motors Cutlass Cicrc on chassis dynamometer (chass is dynamomcter).The mimic condition is: 40 miles per hours, road load 1.5, test period 3 hours, combustion rate 1.3 Grams Per Seconds.With a product type is that 433473 Ke Zi filter collector (A Corning filter trap) is contained on the engine exhaust system.After the test, utilize and saw following 1 inch method, remove particulate matter from collector from said collector exhaust side.Push particulate matter mountain collector inlet end to exhaust side, collect these particles in this way.Change these particles over to thermogravimeter then, measure kindling temperature.These particulate kindling temperature responses are as shown in the table.

The response of particulate kindling temperature:

The metal concentration kindling temperature (℃)

Ppm w/w reduction value

Cu（A） 123 255

Cu（B） 123 250

Cu(A)=[dodecyl phenol/(CHO) _X/ thanomin

(2: 2: 1) m/Cu ₂(OH) ₂CO ₃/ NH ₃(water) (at 1Cu: among the 2n)]

Cu(B)=[Cu(A)/N, N '-two salicylidene-1,2-propylene diamine]

Used fuel is ordinary diesel oil machine fuel, the DDR-366 that supplies with by Howell hydrocarbon company for example, and made various reactants according to mode illustrated in embodiment 2.

By on show to show and find out that kindling temperature has remarkable reduction, especially all the more so for copper-containing compound.

For example, done common shaker test (General Screening tests) for the accelerated stability test of 90 minutes 300 fuel oils.This test is test recognized in the art, and it also is called: the test of Sante Fe railway, the steady railway test of associating (Union Pacific Railroad Test), Nal CO test or dupent's test.

The purpose of said test, outline, material and method are as follows:

Purpose: measure oil fuel tolerance degree to degraded when storing.Replace period of storage in the air with heating and being exposed to.Can evaluate the fuels the in this way validity of stablizer.

Outline:, before and after test, measure the ASTM color in 300 50 milliliters of oil fuel that heat down in the test tube.In addition, with the said fuel of filter paper filtering, compare the filter paper color spot with the standard color spot.

Material:

1.3 * 20 milliliters of Pyrcx test tube numbers

2. the oil bath (Dow Corning DC200, liquid agitation and thermostatic control) that keeps 300

3. suction lottle

4.1 number Whatman filter paper pads (4.2 millimeters of diameters)

5. heptane or octane-iso

6. colorimeter (ASTM)

7. filter paper pads standard color range group (NalCO measures system, 0～20)

8. millipore filtration equipment

Working method:

1. on " generally acknowledging " basis, test obvious fuel, and some fuel was used No. 1 filter paper filtering of Whatman in advance on the same day of test.

2. begin before the test, just make whole fuel saturated by air institute with slowly blasting 2 minutes method of air.

3. test fuel is placed in 3 * 20 centimetres of Pyrex test tubes the primitive color of working sample and the rated value of filter paper pads.

A. measure the ASTM color

B. measure the rated value of filter paper pads, method is: with 50 milliliters of oil samples of No. 1 filter paper filtration under diminished pressure of two Whatman; Only after being placed millipore filter, just adopts by sample suction strainer.Adopting the purpose of two filter paper is that the throw out of collection is evenly distributed on the filter paper of upper strata.

4. then with heptane or octane-iso washing filter paper pads, dry air is evaluated upper strata filter paper with the method that compares upper strata filter paper and 1-20 standard filter paper pad color range group, discards bottom filter paper.

5. finish after this preparation work,, put into 300 oil baths, comprising a untreated sample (blank) with 50 milliliters of some 3 * 20 centimetres of test tubes of handling oil sample respectively are housed.

6.90 divide (perhaps being 5 hours in accordance with regulations) afterwards, to take out sample from oil bath, in the dark cool to room temperature reaches 1 hour.

7. when cooling off, every sample tube is dried, measured its color.Filter each 50 ml sample by above-mentioned (3b) method then, evaluate (A).

8. color and the filter paper pads evaluation value with last color and filter paper pads evaluation value and beginning compared, to determine palliating degradation degree.

9. the color spot of test tube inboard is pressed nothing, light, medium and heavy level Four record.

Make and tested various compositions, its result remembers among Table A.

Table A

Basic fuel=Number 2 fuel oil

Additive treating level stability (90 minutes/300)

(ppm) ASTM D1500 color filter paper pads evaluation test tube color spot

Before and after the front and back

A does not have＜2.0＜4.0 25 nothings

B Cu 513＜3.0＜8.0 3 12 do not have

Cem-All

（12% Cu）

1404＜3.0＜5.0 33 of (Mooney) C embodiment 3

Do not have

The copper mannich compound

Example A does not contain any additives, and routine B contains the Copoloid of synthetic fatty acid.

The result listed according to Table A adds the severely degrade that the Copoloid shown in the B causes used basic fuel.In contrast, when The compounds of this invention and copper compound add fashionablely simultaneously, said fuel is basic stable equally with routine A.

Table B is about a kind of like this test, wherein has a composition to contain Schiff's base.

Table B

Basic fuel is Number 2 fuel oil, 90 minutes/300 stability

Processing horizontal additive A STM color ASTM D2274

(ppm) total insoluble substance mg/100ml

Initial last

AA do not have＜and 2.0＜2.5 0.32

BB513 Cu Cem All ＜3.0 ＜5.5 （10%）＊

(12%Cu) (Mooney)

CC1404 embodiment 3＜3.0＜3.5 (30%) *

The copper mannich compound

DD1404 embodiment 3＜3.5＜5.0 0.25

The copper mannich compound

366 N, the inferior water of N '-two

Yang Ji-1, the 2-propylene diamine

* filtering sample percentage ratio before plug gauge.

Table B explanation, compd B B causes the severely degrade of basic fuel.Add copper mannich compound of the present invention (during CC), generate stable fuel.When utilizing Schiff's base (Compound D D), fuel is further improved.

Table 3 is one 13 all storage stability tests.

Table C

The package stability in 110/13 weeks

Additive treating ASTM D1500 ASTM D2274

Color is translated definite value undissolved residue evaluation value

Initial 13 week back residue mg/100ml

AAA is additive-free＜and 2.0＜2.5 0.23

BBB copper Cem All＜3.0＜5.0 68.41

(Mooney)

0.2 gram Cu/ gallon

CCC 1234ppm embodiment 4＜3.0＜5.0 3.12

The copper mannich compound

DDD 1493ppm embodiment 5＜1.5＜4.0 10.78

The copper mannich compound

EEE 1234ppm embodiment 4＜4.5＜5.5 0.76

The copper mannich compound,

366ppmN, N '-two

Salicylidene-1, the 2-propylene diamine

FFF 1493ppm embodiment 5＜4.5＜5.5 0.76

The copper mannich compound,

366ppmN, N '-two

Inferior bigcatkin willow-1, the 2-propylene diamine

Table C explanation, compd B BB makes said basic fuel severely degrade.And copper mannich compound CCC and DDD have improved the stability of fuel.Compd E EE and FFF have then further improved fuel stability.

Though describe preferred optimum implementation in detail by rule of the present invention, the scope of the invention but is not limited, and is decided by appended claim scope.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of fuel composition, it contains a kind of fuel of main amount and the metal complex of an amount of mannich base, and wherein said metal complex prepares by the following method:

Make component (A), (B) and (C) reaction, make the gained reaction product then and (D) react, also can optionally make described metal complex and schiff base reaction to form metal complex;

Wherein, component (A) comprises at least a following formula: compound:

Ar is aryl or coupling aryl in the formula; M is 1,2, or 3; N is 1-4; Each R ¹Be respectively hydrogen or C _1-100Alkyl; R ⁰Be hydrogen, amino or carboxyl; X is an oxygen, sulphur or its mixture;

Component (B) comprises at least a following formula: compound or its precursor:

R in the formula ²And R ³Be respectively hydrogen, or C _1-18Alkyl, or R ³Be carbonyl or contain C _1-18The carboxyl of alkyl;

Component (C) comprises the amine of at least a hydroxyl, contains the amine of sulfydryl or the amine of hydroxyl-sulfydryl; And

Component (D) comprises at least a reagent that contains magnesium-yttrium-transition metal.

2, a kind of fuel dope that is used for reducing waste gas cigarette ash kindling temperature, it contains the metal complex of mannich base, wherein said metal complex prepares by the following method: component (A), (B) and (C) reaction, make the gained reaction product then and (D) react, also can optionally make described metal complex and schiff base reaction to form metal complex;

Wherein, component (A) comprises at least a following formula: compound:

Ar is aryl or coupling aryl in the formula; M is 1,2, or 3; N is 1-4; Each R ¹Be respectively hydrogen or C _1-100Alkyl; R ⁰Be hydrogen, amino or carboxyl; X is an oxygen, sulphur or its mixture;

Component (B) comprises at least a following formula: compound or its precursor:

R in the formula ²And R ³Be respectively hydrogen, or C _1-18Alkyl, or R ³Be hydroxyl or contain C _1-18The carboxyl of alkyl;

Component (C) comprises the amine of at least a hydroxyl, contains the amine of sulfydryl or the amine of hydroxyl-sulfydryl; And

Component (D) comprises at least a reagent that contains magnesium-yttrium-transition metal.

3, a kind of fuel dope concentration matter, it contains a kind of solvent and about 10-99%(weight) the metal complex of mannich base, wherein said metal complex prepares by the following method:

Make component (A), (B) and (C) reaction, make the gained reaction product then and (D) react, also can optionally make described metal complex and schiff base reaction to form metal complex;

Wherein, component (A) comprises at least a following formula: compound:

Ar is aryl or coupling aryl in the formula; M is 1,2, or 3; N is 1-4; Each R ¹Be respectively hydrogen or C _1-100Alkyl; R ⁰Be hydrogen, amino or carboxyl; X is an oxygen, sulphur or its mixture;

Component (B) comprises at least a following formula: compound or its precursor:

R in the formula ²And R ³Be respectively hydrogen, or C _1-18Alkyl, or R ³Be carbonyl or contain C _1-18The carboxyl of alkyl;

Component (C) comprises the amine of at least a hydroxyl, contains the amine of sulfydryl or the amine of hydroxyl-sulfydryl; And

Component (D) comprises at least a reagent that contains magnesium-yttrium-transition metal.

4, a kind of method of making the fuel composition of shelf-stable, it comprises makes fuel mix with the metal complex of mannich base.