CN105762477A - X-waveband high-temperature superconducting triplexer with multi-branch coupling structure and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
X-waveband high-temperature superconducting triplexer with multi-branch coupling structure and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105762477A CN105762477A CN201610304066.9A CN201610304066A CN105762477A CN 105762477 A CN105762477 A CN 105762477A CN 201610304066 A CN201610304066 A CN 201610304066A CN 105762477 A CN105762477 A CN 105762477A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
- H01P1/213—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing waveguides or resonators, lines, or other devices of the waveguide type
- H01P11/007—Manufacturing frequency-selective devices
Abstract
The invention discloses an X-waveband high-temperature superconducting triplexer with multi-branch coupling structure and a manufacturing method thereof.The triplexer having small insertion loss with an X-waveband and three filtering channels can be manufactured by using the manufacturing method, is simple and compact in structure and is easily integrated at the front microwave receiving end of a communication system to achieve high-sensitivity communication.The low-loss filtering channels are formed by selecting high-quality-factor resonators, and an impedance matching method is adopted to achieve the design and performance optimization of a duplexer.A layer-by-layer method is adopted to regard the duplexer as a whole, the duplexer is rapidly integrated with another channel in a parallel connection mode, and a good design objective is achieved.A high-temperature superconducting material is adopted to manufacture a triplexer circuit, circuit loss is reduced by adopting a gold plated packaging box, the channels are isolated by adopting metal shielding plates, meanwhile the problems of inter-channel coupling and a packaging box microwave resonance inhibiting mode are solved, and further the high-temperature superconducting narrow-band triplexer having good in-band properties is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to microwave communication equipment technical field, be specifically related to X-band high-temperature superconductor triplexer and the preparation method of a kind of multi-branched coupled structure.
Background technology
In microwave telecommunication system, the communication system such as telecommunication satellite, marine radar, fire control radar is operated in X-band, and X-band wave filter is often integrated in communications receiver front-end, plays the effect that frequency selects.Multiplexer has multiple frequency range and is available for communication and selects, and the frequency band to solve single wave filter is disturbed and the problem that affects communication.
Resonator is the elementary cell constituting wave filter or multiplexer, and in the design process of resonator, the factor first having to consider is exactly whether this resonator has high nonloaded Q, to realize relatively low filter insertion loss.The insertion loss value (hereinafter referred to as ' Insertion Loss ') of high joint number microstrip filter can draw from Cohen formula:
In above formula, (LA)0Being the Insertion Loss at wave filter heart frequency place wherein, n is the quantity of resonator, QuBeing the Q-unloaded of resonator, FBW is the relative bandwidth of wave filter.The Q-unloaded Q of resonatoruMainly determined by the conductor losses resonator structure of resonator.But, the wave filter prepared due to traditional material and the in-band insertion loss of multiplexer are relatively big within the scope of X-band, and then can cause that communication quality declines rapidly.The intrinsic conductor losses of high temperature superconducting materia, far below the conductor losses of common metal, adopts the superconductor with extremely low sheet resistance can be greatly improved performance in the band of passband to prepare wave filter or multiplexer.
nullFig. 1 (refers to Y.Heng for the high-temperature superconducting duplex device being operated in S-band (S-band ranges for 2～4GHz),X.B.Guo,B.S.Cao,B.Wei,X.P.Zhang,G.Y.Zhang,andX.K.Song,DesignandOptimizationofaSuperconductingContiguousDiplexerComprisingDoublyTerminatedFilters,IEEETransApplSupercond23(2013),1501706)，This superconduction duplexer adopts a kind of simple and effective method to be designed，It adopts a kind of single coil configuration to build the wave filter of each passage，And adopt equivalent-circuit model to emulate in the design process，The characteristic of the channel model of band and out-of-band can be represented exactly.By analyzing and suitably adjust the input impedance of path filter, can relatively easily optimize the equivalent circuit of duplexer.This S-band superconduction duplexer adopts MgO substrate as substrate, and superconductor is YBCO, and duplexer is of a size of 32.6mm × 18mm, and measurement result is Fig. 2 such as, and the performance of this duplexer is coincide better with simulation result.It achieving performance in fabulous band, return loss is 18.9dB, and insertion loss is 0.13dB.
But, conductor losses can increase sharply along with the rising of microwave frequency, the Q of resonatoruCan be remarkably decreased along with the raising of operating frequency.Owing to the frequency range of X-band microstrip filter is 8～12GHz, so this band limits conductor losses can increase rapidly, thus causing QuSignificantly improve, and then increase the Insertion Loss value (L of wave filterA)0.So the high-temperature superconductor multiplexer design of high-performance X-band and preparation difficulty are more than S-band high-temperature superconductor multiplexer, the filtering channel number of the high-temperature superconductor triplexer that the present invention develops is 3, more than the filtering channel number 2 of high-temperature superconducting duplex device in Fig. 1, which increases design and preparation difficulty.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides the X-band high-temperature superconductor triplexer of a kind of multi-branched coupled structure, it is possible to little at X-band in-band insertion loss, filtering channel number is 3, simple and compact for structure and, it is easy to be integrated in communication system microwave receiving front end, it is achieved high sensitivity communication.
The X-band high-temperature superconductor triplexer of the multi-branched coupled structure of the present invention includes three wave filter of A, B and C, and wherein, each wave filter is all for being made up of the resonator array of 1 × N；Each wave filter is etched on high temperature superconducting materia (such as yttrium barium copper oxide YBCO, thallium barium calcium copper oxygen TiBaCaCuO, hydrargyrum barium calcium copper oxygen HgBaCaCuO etc.) thin film；Three wave filter incoming feeders are in parallel；Adopting gold-plated enclosure that triplexer is packaged, triplexer input/output port adopts K adapter；Being provided with metal shielding board between each wave filter, each wave filter and superconductor material thin film thereof are cut off by described metal shielding board；Described metal shielding board is provided with through hole, adopts silico-aluminum silk to connect the incoming feeder cut off by metal shielding board in through hole.
Further, described resonator is uniform impedance rectangle resonator.
The preparation method that present invention also offers the X-band high-temperature superconductor triplexer of a kind of multi-branched coupled structure, can quickly, effectively prepare the X-band high-temperature superconductor triplexer of this 3 filtering channel according to the method.
Preparation method comprises the steps:
The first step, the performance indications according to each filtering channel of triplexer, prepare the wave filter of each filtering channel respectively, and the return loss of each wave filter is at below 20dB；
Second step, the incoming feeder of wave filter A and wave filter B is in parallel, adopt impedance match method to carry out duplexer design, the port Impedance imaginary part of each passage of duplexer at the absolute value of the center frequency point of another passage more than 200 Ω；
3rd step, the duplexer obtained by second step is as entirety, the input impedance of duplexer and wave filter C is mated, adjust the length of the incoming feeder of duplexer and wave filter C, the input port imaginary impedance of duplexer is made to be all higher than 200 Ω in the absolute value of the wave filter C center frequency point input port imaginary impedance more than 200 Ω, wave filter C at the absolute value of two bandpass center frequencies of duplexer；
4th step, adopts multi-branched line that the incoming feeder of duplexer and wave filter C is in parallel, it is thus achieved that triplexer circuit structure；
5th step, obtains triplexer circuit structure by the 4th step and is etched on superconductor material thin film, and adopt gold-plated enclosure to be packaged；Arranging metal shielding board between each wave filter, each wave filter and superconductor material thin film thereof are cut off by described metal shielding board；Described metal shielding board is provided with through hole, adopts silico-aluminum silk to connect the incoming feeder cut off by metal shielding board in through hole.
In the described first step, integrated network method is adopted to prepare wave filter.
In described 4th step, after the incoming feeder parallel connection of duplexer and wave filter C, to wave filter A, wave filter B, wave filter C incoming feeder length finely tune, reduce the reflection coefficient of each passband of triplexer；Resonator spacing in each wave filter of triplexer is finely tuned simultaneously, reduce the reflection coefficient of each passband of triplexer.
Beneficial effect:
The present invention, by selecting the resonator of high quality factor to constitute low-loss filtering channel, selects impedance match method quickly to realize duplexer design and performance optimization.Adopt iterative method layer by layer, duplexer is looked as a whole, carry out with another passage quickly in parallel integrated, and realize good design objective.High temperature superconducting materia is adopted to prepare triplexer circuit, adopt gold-plated enclosure to reduce circuit loss, metal shielding board is adopted to isolate each passage, solve interchannel coupling simultaneously and suppress the problem of enclosure microwave resonance pattern, and then achieving the Superconducting Generalized Chebyshev Narrow triplexer with the interior performance of good band.
Present configuration is simple, it is easy to accomplish, multiplexer channel can conveniently add or delete；
The present invention adopts high temperature superconducting materia, effectively reduces the conductor losses of circuit；
The present invention can be not only used for preparation and has low-loss, high selective multiband high-temperature superconductor filtering system, is also applied for preparing the microwave communication receiving front-end of X-band.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the circuit structure diagram of existing typical case's S-band superconductive tape duplexer.
Fig. 2 is the band-pass behavior test curve of S-band superconduction duplexer, it is achieved that performance in low-loss band.
Fig. 3 is the filter circuit of X-band 3 passages of Superconducting Generalized Chebyshev Narrow triplexer, adopts the resonator structure of high nonloaded Q and weak coupling to be designed.
Fig. 4 is the multiple-branching construction figure of X-band superconductive tape duplexer, and solid line represents the first passage imaginary impedance curve at second channel passband, and dotted line represents the second channel imaginary impedance curve at first passage passband.
Fig. 5 a is the design philosophy of the present invention, looks as a whole method that is integrated with third channel, that have employed iteration layer by layer by duplexer.
Fig. 5 b is duplexer and the third channel imaginary impedance curve at passband each other, and solid line represents the third channel imaginary impedance curve at duplexer passband, and dotted line represents the duplexer multiple-branching construction imaginary impedance curve at third channel passband.
Fig. 5 c is circuit structure and the encapsulation schematic diagram of the present invention, adopts metal shielding box to be packaged, and interchannel adopts barricade to be packaged, and adopts metallic silicon aluminium wire to carry out microwave joining.
Fig. 6 is the band-pass behavior curve of the Superconducting Generalized Chebyshev Narrow triplexer adopting multi-branched coupled structure and iterative method design.
Fig. 7 is the schematic perspective view of the present invention, and circuit layer adopts HTS YBCO material, and substrate adopts MgO single-crystal ceramic, and interchannel adopts metal shielding board isolation.
Fig. 8 is the broadband simulation curve of the present invention, and the microwave resonance pattern of enclosure does not occur.
Fig. 9 is the actual test response curve of the present invention, it is achieved that good passband and out-band performance.
Detailed description of the invention
Develop simultaneously embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe the present invention.
The invention provides the X-band high-temperature superconductor triplexer of a kind of multi-branched coupled structure, the method combined initially with impedance match method and iterative method devises the multi-branched type superconduction triplexer of a kind of compact, yttrium barium copper oxide YBCO superconductor is adopted to prepare triplexer circuit, MgO substrate is as the substrate of superconducting circuit, adopt gold-plated enclosure to encapsulate superconduction triplexer, the processing technology adopting metal shielding board suppresses enclosure mode of resonance, and adopts sial tinsel to carry out three interchannel microwave joinings.
Preparation method triplexer of the present invention being described below in conjunction with specific embodiment and the triplexer prepared.
3 channel central frequencies of Superconducting Generalized Chebyshev Narrow triplexer broadly fall into X-band, respectively 9GHz, 9.12GHz, 9.24GHz, frequency interval 120MHz, and the bandwidth of 3 passages is all 60MHz.
The first step, prepares the super conductive filter of each passage.For realizing relatively low insertion loss value, the uniform impedance rectangle resonator of high nonloaded Q selected by the filter circuit of each passage, and this resonator also possesses the feature of weak coupling between resonator, to suppress the cross-coupling effect between resonator.Adopt integrated network method to obtain and meet filtering channel mid frequency, bandwidth requirement, and return loss is in 3 filter circuit configuration of below 20dB.
Wherein, design of filter is divided into resonator design, input and output feeder line design three aspects of resonator Coupling Design.Designed optimization, draws the filter circuit configuration of 3 passages as it is shown on figure 3, the wave filter of each passage is saved resonator by 6 and constitutes, and input and output feeder line structure is consistent.Wherein, passage A center frequency point is 9GHz, and resonator dimensions is 5.31mm × 2.0mm, a1～a5For resonator spacing, spacing is a respectively1=a5=0.72mm, a2=a4=2.0mm, a3=0.75mm；Passage B center frequency point is 9.12GHz, and resonator dimensions is 5.25mm × 1.97mm, b1～b5For resonator spacing, distance values is b respectively1=b5=0.76mm, b2=b4=1.68mm, b3=0.83mm；Channel C center frequency point is 9.24GHz, and resonator dimensions is 5.18mm × 2.0mm, c1～c5For resonator spacing, distance values is c respectively1=c5=0.76mm, c2=c4=1.72mm, c3=0.83mm.Through simulation optimization, the mid frequency of three filtering channels is all consistent with designing requirement with bandwidth, and return loss is all at below 20dB.
Second step, 3 filtering channels at X-band arrowband triplexer design on successful basis, carry out the integrated of 3 filtering channels.The incoming feeder port of first passage (A channel) and second channel (channel B) is first together in parallel by the present invention, incoming feeder connection formation multiple-branching construction by two passages, impedance match method is adopted to carry out the design of duplexer, this design process optimizes multiple-branching construction, make compact conformation, and meet the port Impedance imaginary part of each passage absolute value in the center frequency point of another passage more than 200 Ω.
As shown in Figure 4, solid line represents the first passage imaginary impedance curve at second channel passband, and dotted line represents the second channel imaginary impedance curve at first passage passband.By regulating the multi-branched coupled structure connecting two passages, making passage A incoming feeder total length is 10.2mm, passage B incoming feeder total length is 4.1mm, now the imaginary impedance of first passage port frequency of heart 9.12GHz place in the second channel reaches-1000 Ω, the imaginary impedance of second channel port reaches 1500 Ω at first passage mid frequency 9.00GHz place, the absolute value of imaginary impedance both is greater than 200 Ω, namely meets the coupling demand of two-way.First the design of duplexer is completed afterwards by further structure optimization and passage inner structure adjustment.
The high-temperature superconductor multiplexer of multi-branched coupled mode structure, its structure cannot obtain good performance by direct multiple passages in parallel.When the filtering channel number of multiplexer is 3, the method directly in parallel according to many filtering channels designs multiplexer, can run into multiple-branching construction initial value and be difficult to problems such as determining, the difficult and multiple CHANNEL OPTIMIZATION process of multiple-branching construction layout is loaded down with trivial details.Duplexer, on the basis that duplexer is succeeded in developing, is made as a whole and that directly superposition is new thereon passage, can greatly be simplified design cycle by the present invention, and newly added channel design only need to be optimized by the later stage.This layer by layer structure iterative method Research Thinking as shown in Figure 5 a, iteration thought and design method of impedance matching are combined.Finally make the imaginary impedance of duplexer at the absolute value of third channel center frequency point more than 200 Ω, the imaginary impedance of third channel port at the absolute value of two bandpass center frequencies of duplexer more than 200 Ω.
3rd step, completing on the basis of duplexer design, regards duplexer basic structural unit as to carry out the design of triplexer, first the input impedance of duplexer and the 3rd road filtering channel (C-channel) is mated.Fig. 5 b solid line represents the third channel imaginary impedance curve at duplexer passband, and dotted line represents the duplexer multiple-branching construction imaginary impedance curve at third channel passband.By the structure of the multi-branched line of both adjustments input and size, the imaginary impedance making duplexer reaches-200 Ω at third channel mid frequency 9.24GHz place, the imaginary impedance of third channel port respectively reaches 3000 Ω and-210 Ω at two passband central frequency 9.00GHz and the 9.12GHz place of duplexer, namely meets duplexer and the matching condition of third channel parallel connection.
After Satisfying Matching Conditions, adopt compact multi-branched line that the two is in parallel again, three incoming feeder endpoint locations of multiple-branching construction and size carry out fine setting optimize, simultaneously again to by each passage of triplexer is optimized, triplexer circuit design can be completed, and realize good triplexer performance.
Simulation result shows, the introducing of multi-branched line can't increase extra loss to circuit.Owing to this structure can be reduced to the cascaded design to duplexer and wave filter, the design efficiency of multiplexer is greatly improved.Fig. 5 c is the triplexer circuit structure chart of final design, and in figure, intersection point 1 is the junction of passage A and passage B, and this is the starting point calculating passage A and B incoming feeder length；Intersection point 2 is the junction of duplexer and channel C, and this is the starting point calculating duplexer and channel C incoming feeder length.The incoming feeder that microstrip circuit is filtering channel A of numeral 1 mark, length is 10.2mm；The incoming feeder that microstrip circuit is filtering channel B of numeral 2 mark, length is 4.1mm；The incoming feeder structure that microstrip circuit is duplexer of numeral 3 mark, length is 11.97mm；The incoming feeder that microstrip circuit is filtering channel C of numeral 4 mark, length is 8.72mm.
The triplexer circuit structure designed is etched on the YBCO superconductor material thin film that MgO single-crystal ceramic is substrate by photoetching and dry carving technology process, and adopting gold-plated enclosure to carry out circuit package to reduce triplexer radiation loss, triplexer input/output port adopts K adapter.For reducing between high-temperature superconductor multiplexer the coupling between passage, and suppressing the minimum microwave resonance pattern of enclosure, add metal shielding board between each filtering channel, barricade is opened wicket and adopts silico-aluminum silk to realize the microwave joining between each passage.
The present invention adopts multi-branched stepped construction, by the optimization to each passage of triplexer and the optimization to multi-branched line, the simulated response result of the circuit triplexer designed is as shown in Figure 6, the mid frequency interval 120MHz of three passages, keeping consistent with designing requirement, bandwidth is 60MHz, and in band, return loss is better than 18dB, employing is installed metal shielding board additional and is reached the effect of interchannel uncoupling, and the interchannel isolation of triplexer can reach 80dB.
For reducing the coupling between passage, and raising the lowest resonance pattern of enclosure self, the present invention adopts the method installing metal shielding board additional to separate each filtering channel, and barricade is opened wicket and realized the microwave joining between each passage.As it is shown in fig. 7, three passbands of X-band arrowband triplexer select 4 silico-aluminum point welding wires to be attached between any two, metallic shield plate thickness 0.2mm, dig a square hole in the middle of barricade, the width in hole is 1.2mm, is highly 1.5mm.This high-temperature superconductor triplexer circuit is of a size of 46mm × 30mm, and each filtering channel is of a size of 46mm × 10mm.Circuit adopts YBCO/MgO superconducting thin film substrate to make, and ybco film thickness is 500nm, MgO substrate dielectric constant is 9.7, and thickness is 0.5mm.As shown in Figure 8, by installing metal shielding board technique additional, effectively inhibiting the microwave resonance pattern of enclosure, emulation draws in the scope of 8.5GHz～12GHz, occurs without other modes of resonance.
Triplexer is packaged by the can that the present invention adopts outer layer gold-plated, and Gold plated Layer can reduce the radiation loss of triplexer.Enclosure is of a size of 46mm × 30mm × 15mm, and input/output terminal totally 4 ports adopt K union joint, adopt metal shielding board to separate between passage.X-band superconduction triplexer after encapsulation is fixed on test platform in the vacuum chamber and is cooled to 60K, the triplexer performance recorded is as it is shown in figure 9, the mid frequency of passage 1 is 9.00GHz, and bandwidth is 60MHz, return loss is 3.7dB, and in-band insertion loss is 3.4dB；The mid frequency of passage 2 is 9.12GHz, and bandwidth is 60MHz, and return loss is 6.8dB, and in-band insertion loss is 1.5dB；The mid frequency of passage 3 is 9.24GHz, and bandwidth is 60MHz, and return loss is 14.1dB, and in-band insertion loss is 0.7dB.Achieve performance in the good band in X-band band limits.
The X-band superconduction triplexer of the multi-branched coupled structure of the present invention, is applied to the design of superconductive tape multiplexer, and applicable frequency range is 8～12GHz, can produce the filtering channel superconductive tape multiplexer more than 2 by the method for the present invention and process.
In sum, these are only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.All within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any amendment of making, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the X-band high-temperature superconductor triplexer of a multi-branched coupled structure, it is characterised in that described triplexer includes three wave filter of A, B and C, wherein, each wave filter is all for being made up of the resonator array of 1 × N；Each wave filter is etched on high temperature superconducting materia thin film；Three wave filter incoming feeders are in parallel；Adopting gold-plated enclosure that triplexer is packaged, triplexer input/output port adopts K adapter；Being provided with metal shielding board between each wave filter, each wave filter and superconductor material thin film thereof are cut off by described metal shielding board；Described metal shielding board is provided with through hole, adopts silico-aluminum silk to connect the incoming feeder cut off by metal shielding board in through hole.
2. the X-band high-temperature superconductor triplexer of multi-branched coupled structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described resonator is uniform impedance rectangle resonator.
3. the preparation method of the X-band high-temperature superconductor triplexer preparing multi-branched coupled structure as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
The first step, the performance indications according to each filtering channel of triplexer, prepare the wave filter of each filtering channel respectively, and the return loss of each wave filter is at below 20dB；
Second step, the incoming feeder of wave filter A and wave filter B is in parallel, adopt impedance match method to carry out duplexer design, the port Impedance imaginary part of each passage of duplexer at the absolute value of the center frequency point of another passage more than 200 Ω；
3rd step, the duplexer obtained by second step is as entirety, the input impedance of duplexer and wave filter C is mated, adjust the length of the incoming feeder of duplexer and wave filter C, the input port imaginary impedance of duplexer is made to be all higher than 200 Ω in the absolute value of the wave filter C center frequency point input port imaginary impedance more than 200 Ω, wave filter C at the absolute value of two bandpass center frequencies of duplexer；
4th step, adopts multi-branched line that the incoming feeder of duplexer and wave filter C is in parallel, it is thus achieved that triplexer circuit structure；
5th step, obtains triplexer circuit structure by the 4th step and is etched on superconductor material thin film, and adopt gold-plated enclosure to be packaged；Arranging metal shielding board between each wave filter, each wave filter and superconductor material thin film thereof are cut off by described metal shielding board；Described metal shielding board is provided with through hole, adopts silico-aluminum silk to connect the incoming feeder cut off by metal shielding board in through hole.
4. preparation method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that in the described first step, adopts integrated network method to prepare wave filter.
5. preparation method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, in described 4th step, after the incoming feeder parallel connection of duplexer and wave filter C, to wave filter A, wave filter B, wave filter C incoming feeder length finely tune, reduce the reflection coefficient of each passband of triplexer；Resonator spacing in each wave filter of triplexer is finely tuned simultaneously, reduce the reflection coefficient of each passband of triplexer.
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| US11552380B2 (en) | 2018-10-02 | 2023-01-10 | Iniernational Business Machines Corporation | Reduced Kapitza resistance microwave filter for cryogenic environments |
| US11757169B2 (en) | 2018-10-02 | 2023-09-12 | International Business Machines Corporation | Reduced kapitza resistance microwave filter for cryogenic environments |
| CN114497939A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-05-13 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Balance filter, manufacturing method thereof and radio frequency equipment |
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