CN105762370B - A kind of carbon dioxide of liquid fuel battery is from call-out type galvanic anode device - Google Patents

A kind of carbon dioxide of liquid fuel battery is from call-out type galvanic anode device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105762370B
CN105762370B CN201610107423.2A CN201610107423A CN105762370B CN 105762370 B CN105762370 B CN 105762370B CN 201610107423 A CN201610107423 A CN 201610107423A CN 105762370 B CN105762370 B CN 105762370B
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China
Prior art keywords
carbon dioxide
gas
diffusion electrode
cavity wall
fuel battery
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CN201610107423.2A
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CN105762370A (en
Inventor
张�浩
宣晋
徐宏
张莉
王慧至
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East China University of Science and Technology
Jiangxi University of Science and Technology
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East China University of Science and Technology
Jiangxi University of Science and Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/8605—Porous electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
    • H01M8/0668—Removal of carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of carbon dioxide of liquid fuel battery from call-out type galvanic anode device.The carbon dioxide produced the present invention overcomes liquid fuel battery anode under the prior art can not be successfully discharge so as to the shortcomings that influencing fuel battery performance, there is provided a kind of carbon dioxide for the liquid fuel battery that can prevent carbon dioxide from assembling is from call-out type galvanic anode device.The device includes conduit wall, gas-diffusion electrode, enrichment cavity wall, check valve, gas-diffusion electrode is equipped with conduit wall penetration type, gas-diffusion electrode is externally provided with enrichment cavity wall, cavity wall is enriched with to be installed on conduit wall, carbon dioxide enriched chamber is formed between enrichment cavity wall and conduit wall and gas-diffusion electrode three, is enriched with cavity wall and is equipped with check valve penetration type.Invention achieves the effect that elimination carbon dioxide bubble is assembled in fuel cell chan-nels, has the advantages that suppress oxygen occurs parasitic reaction by gas-diffusion electrode in anode surface.The present invention is suitable for liquid fuel battery field.

Description

A kind of carbon dioxide of liquid fuel battery is from call-out type galvanic anode device
Technical field
The invention belongs to liquid fuel battery field, more particularly to a kind of carbon dioxide of liquid fuel battery is from call-out type Galvanic anode device.
Background technology
Fuel cell is a kind of power generator that will be present in fuel and electric energy is converted into the chemical energy in oxidant, Fuel and air are fed separately to fuel cell, and reaction produces electricl energy, it exteriorly has anode and cathode and electrolyte etc., but essence It is upper it cannot " storing up electricity " but one " power plant ".
Fuel cell is environmentally safe.It is by electrochemical reaction, rather than using burning or energy storage by the way of.Together When, the generating efficiency of fuel cell can reach more than 50%, this is determined by the conversion character of fuel cell, will directly change Can be converted to electric energy, it is not necessary to by thermal energy and the intermediate conversion of mechanical energy.
For the fuel cell of the liquid state organics that are used under the prior art as fuel, such as direct methanol fuel cell and Direct methanoic acid fuel cell, in fuel cell operation, great amount of carbon dioxide gas is produced in anode surface.Fuel at present The anode of battery uses enclosed encapsulated structure, and main purpose is anode completely cutting off air, so that eliminating anode surface produces oxygen Reduce parasitic reaction.Since anode is closed, carbon dioxide will accumulate in fuel battery anode catalyst surface and form bubble, Hinder fuel in the mass transfer of catalyst surface, with carbon dioxide bubble aggregation and grow up, carbon dioxide bubble will be Aeroembolism is formed in fuel channel, block fuel material transport and electric charge transmission, extreme influence fuel battery performance.
The content of the invention
(1) technical problems to be solved
The present invention in order to overcome the carbon dioxide that liquid fuel battery anode under the prior art produces can not be successfully discharge from And the shortcomings that influencing fuel battery performance, it can prevent what carbon dioxide from assembling the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of The carbon dioxide of liquid fuel battery is from call-out type galvanic anode device.
(2) technical solution
Carbon dioxide in order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides such a liquid fuel battery breathes out certainly Type galvanic anode device, includes conduit wall, gas-diffusion electrode, is enriched with cavity wall, check valve, be equipped with conduit wall penetration type Gas-diffusion electrode, gas-diffusion electrode are externally provided with enrichment cavity wall, and enrichment cavity wall is installed on conduit wall, is enriched with cavity wall and passage Carbon dioxide enriched chamber is formed between wall and gas-diffusion electrode three, is enriched with cavity wall and is equipped with check valve penetration type.
Preferably, the gas-diffusion electrode is wedge shape, and inner surface is bevel edge.
Preferably, the bevel edge of the wedge-shaped gas-diffusion electrode is equipped with serrated slot.
Preferably, the gas-diffusion electrode inner surface is arc-shaped.
Preferably, the carbon dioxide enriched intracavitary is equipped with oxygen absorber.
Operation principle：The present invention is used as anode using gas-diffusion electrode, gas-diffusion electrode permission gas by electrode, But liquid is prevented to be fuel channel in gas-diffusion electrode, be carbon dioxide enriched outside gas-diffusion electrode by electrode Chamber, carbon dioxide enriched chamber are outside enrichment cavity wall, and enrichment cavity wall is equipped with check valve, and carbon dioxide is discharged two by check valve Carbon enrichment chamber is aoxidized, and prevents air from entering, while keeps carbon dioxide enriched cavity pressure to be balanced with external pressure.
When the fuel cell, anode produces carbon dioxide, is discharged carbon dioxide by gas-diffusion electrode To carbon dioxide enriched intracavitary, meanwhile, air is discharged by carbon dioxide enriched chamber by check valve, slowly, carbon dioxide is rich The carbon dioxide partial pressure of collection intracavitary constantly raises, and the partial pressure of oxygen constantly reduces, and gross pressure is balanced with atmospheric pressure.
The gas-diffusion electrode is wedge shape, and inner surface is bevel edge, so adds in fuel channel fluid fuel to gas The percussion of body diffusion electrode inner face, reduces the aggregation of carbon dioxide bubble, meanwhile, in wedge-shaped section, due to gas Diffusion electrode change in size increases the elimination effect to carbon dioxide bubble so as to improve fluid flow rate.
The bevel edge of the wedge shape gas-diffusion electrode is equipped with serrated slot, on the one hand, can introduce secondary eddy-currents, promote The material renewal of electrode surface, fortification substance transmission, meanwhile, and electrode surface area can be increased, promote electrochemical reaction into OK.
The gas-diffusion electrode inner surface is arc-shaped, can so increase fluid fuel in fuel channel and gas is expanded The percussion of electrode inner face is dissipated, reduces the aggregation of carbon dioxide bubble, meanwhile, in arc-shaped section, since gas expands Electrode size change is dissipated so as to improve fluid flow rate, increases the elimination effect to carbon dioxide bubble, in addition, can increase electricity again Pole surface area, promotes the progress of electrochemical reaction.
The carbon dioxide enriched intracavitary is equipped with oxygen absorber, can be by the oxygen of carbon dioxide enriched intracavitary initial residual Absorb, while also absorbed the oxygen for entering carbon dioxide enriched chamber.
(3) beneficial effect
The present invention is by the design of gas-diffusion electrode and enrichment cavity wall, the carbon dioxide for enabling anode of fuel cell to produce Enough Self-dischargeds are enriched with the oxygen quilt of intracavitary to carbon dioxide enriched chamber, and since carbon dioxide is being enriched with the aggregation of intracavitary Gradually discharge, eliminates the effect that carbon dioxide bubble is assembled in fuel cell chan-nels so as to reach, there is suppression oxygen to lead to Cross gas-diffusion electrode anode surface occur parasitic reaction the advantages of.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 3.
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 4.
Fig. 5 is the comparative result figure of the embodiment of the present invention 4, wherein (a) is to be fired using the microfluid of closed anode construction Expect the battery process that bubble is produced and departed from the process of running；(b) it is to use carbon dioxide of the present invention from call-out type anode knot The operational process of the microfluid fuel cell of structure.
Mark in attached drawing for：1- fuel channels, 2- conduit walls, 3- gas-diffusion electrodes, 4- enrichment cavity walls, 5- titanium dioxides Carbon enrichment chamber, 6- check valves.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment 1
A kind of carbon dioxide of liquid fuel battery is from call-out type galvanic anode device, as shown in Figure 1, including conduit wall 2nd, gas-diffusion electrode 3, enrichment cavity wall 4, check valve 6, are equipped with gas-diffusion electrode 3, gas diffusion in conduit wall 2 penetration type Electrode 3 is externally provided with enrichment cavity wall 4, and enrichment cavity wall 4 is installed on conduit wall 2, enrichment cavity wall 4 and conduit wall 2 and gas diffusion electricity Carbon dioxide enriched chamber 5 is formed between 3 three of pole, is enriched with cavity wall 4 and is equipped with check valve 6 penetration type.
Embodiment 2
A kind of carbon dioxide of liquid fuel battery is from call-out type galvanic anode device, as shown in Fig. 2, including conduit wall 2nd, gas-diffusion electrode 3, enrichment cavity wall 4, check valve 6, are equipped with gas-diffusion electrode 3, gas diffusion in conduit wall 2 penetration type Electrode 3 is externally provided with enrichment cavity wall 4, and enrichment cavity wall 4 is installed on conduit wall 2, enrichment cavity wall 4 and conduit wall 2 and gas diffusion electricity Carbon dioxide enriched chamber 5 is formed between 3 three of pole, is enriched with cavity wall 4 and is equipped with check valve 6 penetration type.
The gas-diffusion electrode 3 is wedge shape, and inner surface is bevel edge, so adds fluid fuel pair in fuel channel 1 The percussion of 3 inner face of gas-diffusion electrode, reduces the aggregation of carbon dioxide bubble, meanwhile, in wedge-shaped section, due to gas 3 change in size of body diffusion electrode increases the elimination effect to carbon dioxide bubble so as to improve fluid flow rate.
Embodiment 3
A kind of carbon dioxide of liquid fuel battery is from call-out type galvanic anode device, as shown in figure 3, including conduit wall 2nd, gas-diffusion electrode 3, enrichment cavity wall 4, check valve 6, are equipped with gas-diffusion electrode 3, gas diffusion in conduit wall 2 penetration type Electrode 3 is externally provided with enrichment cavity wall 4, and enrichment cavity wall 4 is installed on conduit wall 2, enrichment cavity wall 4 and conduit wall 2 and gas diffusion electricity Carbon dioxide enriched chamber 5 is formed between 3 three of pole, is enriched with cavity wall 4 and is equipped with check valve 6 penetration type.
The gas-diffusion electrode 3 is wedge shape, and inner surface is bevel edge, so adds fluid fuel pair in fuel channel 1 The percussion of 3 inner face of gas-diffusion electrode, reduces the aggregation of carbon dioxide bubble, meanwhile, in wedge-shaped section, due to gas 3 change in size of body diffusion electrode increases the elimination effect to carbon dioxide bubble so as to improve fluid flow rate.
The bevel edge of the wedge shape gas-diffusion electrode 3 is equipped with serrated slot, on the one hand, can introduce secondary eddy-currents, promote Material into electrode surface updates, fortification substance transmission, meanwhile, and electrode surface area can be increased, promote electrochemical reaction Carry out.
Embodiment 4
A kind of carbon dioxide of liquid fuel battery is from call-out type galvanic anode device, as shown in figure 4, including conduit wall 2nd, gas-diffusion electrode 3, enrichment cavity wall 4, check valve 6, are equipped with gas-diffusion electrode 3, gas diffusion in conduit wall 2 penetration type Electrode 3 is externally provided with enrichment cavity wall 4, and enrichment cavity wall 4 is installed on conduit wall 2, enrichment cavity wall 4 and conduit wall 2 and gas diffusion electricity Carbon dioxide enriched chamber 5 is formed between 3 three of pole, is enriched with cavity wall 4 and is equipped with check valve 6 penetration type.
3 inner surface of gas-diffusion electrode can so increase in fuel channel 1 fluid fuel to gas to be arc-shaped The percussion of 3 inner face of diffusion electrode, reduces the aggregation of carbon dioxide bubble, meanwhile, in arc-shaped section, due to gas 3 change in size of diffusion electrode increases the elimination effect to carbon dioxide bubble, in addition, can increase again so as to improve fluid flow rate Add electrode surface area, promote the progress of electrochemical reaction.
Oxygen absorber is equipped with the carbon dioxide enriched chamber 5, can be by the oxygen of initial residual in carbon dioxide enriched chamber 5 Aspiration, while also absorbed the oxygen for entering carbon dioxide enriched chamber 5.
Operation principle：The present invention is used as anode using gas-diffusion electrode 3, and gas-diffusion electrode 3 allows gas to pass through electricity Pole, but prevent liquid from being fuel channel 1 in gas-diffusion electrode 3, be titanium dioxide outside gas-diffusion electrode 3 by electrode Carbon enrichment chamber 5, is enrichment cavity wall 4 outside carbon dioxide enriched chamber 5, and enrichment cavity wall 4 is equipped with check valve 6, by check valve 6 by two Carbonoxide discharges carbon dioxide enriched chamber 5, and prevents air from entering, while keeps pressure and outside in carbon dioxide enriched chamber 5 Atmospheric pressure balances.
When the fuel cell, anode produces carbon dioxide, is discharged carbon dioxide by gas-diffusion electrode 3 In to carbon dioxide enriched chamber 5, meanwhile, air is discharged by carbon dioxide enriched chamber 5, slowly, carbon dioxide by check valve 6 Carbon dioxide partial pressure in enrichment chamber 5 constantly raises, and the partial pressure of oxygen constantly reduces, and gross pressure is balanced with atmospheric pressure.
Traditional closed anode and carbon dioxide are respectively adopted on microfluid fuel cell platform to fill from call-out type anode Structure microfluidic electrochemical reactor is put, is contrasted, two groups are used as anode using identical gas-diffusion electrode 3, for Traditional closed anode construction, is closed anode surface using epoxy resin, for of the present invention from call-out type anode, use Anode construction, experiment is using 1mol/L formic acid as fuel, and 0.5mol/L sulfuric acid is as electrolyte, and operation flow control is in 200 μ L/min, the electrochemical oxidation reactions that anode occurs are：HCOOH→CO2+2H++2e-；Cathode occur reduction reaction be：O2+4H+ +4e-→2H2O。
Two groups of operational process are as shown in figure 5, comparing result shows：It can be made from call-out type anode construction using carbon dioxide The carbon dioxide Self-discharged fuel cell that produces of anode, so as to eliminate bubble coalescence in passage caused by system performance Influence.
Embodiment described above only expresses the preferred embodiment of the present invention, its description is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously Therefore the limitation to the scope of the claims of the present invention cannot be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some deformations can also be made, improves and substitutes, these belong to this hair Bright protection domain.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of carbon dioxide of liquid fuel battery is from call-out type galvanic anode device, it is characterised in that includes conduit wall (2), gas-diffusion electrode (3), enrichment cavity wall (4), check valve (6), are equipped with gas-diffusion electrode in conduit wall (2) penetration type (3), gas-diffusion electrode (3) is externally provided with enrichment cavity wall (4), and enrichment cavity wall (4) is installed on conduit wall (2), is enriched with cavity wall (4) Carbon dioxide enriched chamber (5) is formed between conduit wall (2) and gas-diffusion electrode (3) three, is enriched with penetration type in cavity wall (4) Ground is equipped with check valve (6), and oxygen absorber is equipped with the carbon dioxide enriched chamber (5).
2. for a kind of carbon dioxide of liquid fuel battery according to claim 1 from call-out type galvanic anode device, it is special Sign is that the gas-diffusion electrode (3) is wedge shape, and inner surface is bevel edge.
3. for a kind of carbon dioxide of liquid fuel battery according to claim 2 from call-out type galvanic anode device, it is special Sign is that the bevel edge of the wedge shape gas-diffusion electrode (3) is equipped with serrated slot.
4. for a kind of carbon dioxide of liquid fuel battery according to claim 1 from call-out type galvanic anode device, it is special Sign is that gas-diffusion electrode (3) inner surface is arc-shaped.
CN201610107423.2A 2016-02-27 2016-02-27 A kind of carbon dioxide of liquid fuel battery is from call-out type galvanic anode device Expired - Fee Related CN105762370B (en)

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Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2899128Y (en) * 2006-04-10 2007-05-09 比亚迪股份有限公司 Flow-field plate and proton exchanging-film fuel battery containing it
CN101276915A (en) * 2007-03-28 2008-10-01 株式会社东芝 Direct methanol type fuel cell
CN102668212A (en) * 2009-08-24 2012-09-12 塞尔拉公司 Systems and methods of securing immunity to air CO2 in alkaline fuel cells

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080277628A1 (en) * 2007-05-08 2008-11-13 Aruna Zhamu Exfoliated graphite composite compositions for fuel cell flow field plates

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2899128Y (en) * 2006-04-10 2007-05-09 比亚迪股份有限公司 Flow-field plate and proton exchanging-film fuel battery containing it
CN101276915A (en) * 2007-03-28 2008-10-01 株式会社东芝 Direct methanol type fuel cell
CN102668212A (en) * 2009-08-24 2012-09-12 塞尔拉公司 Systems and methods of securing immunity to air CO2 in alkaline fuel cells

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
微型直接甲醇燃料电池CO2气泡排除问题研究;赵寅廷等;《传感技术学报》;20080229;第21卷(第2期);199-202页 *

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