CN105761407B - Indoor detection fire behavior and alarm method and system based on wireless network signal transmission - Google Patents
Indoor detection fire behavior and alarm method and system based on wireless network signal transmission Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
- G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
- G08B25/10—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using wireless transmission systems
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Abstract
The present invention relates to wireless messages technical treatment fields, the system of it discloses a kind of detection of indoor fire behavior and alarm based on wireless signal, the step of realizing the system mainly has: wireless receiving end receives the air electromagnetic signals from wireless transmitting terminals, it assesses CSI (channel state information channel state information), and denoising is carried out to data using data filtering techniques (Butterworth filter)；The exception of channel state information variation is identified using Outlier Detection Algorithm (sequence variation)；Using random forests algorithm, select five kinds extraction feature methods (such as, standard deviation, interquartile-range IQR etc.), the signal message that fire behavior occurs in interior is realized into storage, if abnormal patterns signal characteristic matches with the signal characteristic for realizing storage, judge that fire behavior occurs in interior, then issues fire alarm signal.The beneficial effects of the present invention are: existing wireless network and equipment is mainly utilized, without extraly installing other detections or sensing equipment in room, additional laying cost is not needed, fire behavior can be monitored in real time, there is high popularization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless messages processing technique more particularly to a kind of detections of indoor fire behavior and report based on wireless signal
Alert system and method.
Background technique
Although fireworks is prohibited in plain text, but still some city's witenagemots play firecrackers cigarette in the cell of oneself
Flower, at this time will result in security risk.If people just all celebrate a festival by out on tours in family, fly in from suddenly at this time one
Flare, caused by consequence be hardly imaginable.The date that this annual whole nation celebrates joyously, this tragedy all occur again and again.For another example
World-shaking Tianjin explosive incident, if indoors just some small flare when, can be found and be obtained effectively in time
Control, there will be no explosions and casualties later again and again.Therefore, we urgently want to find a kind of energy side
Just, effectively and do not have to purchase extras, can in automatic detecting chamber fire behavior and after find fire behavior energy and alarm method.
Now, indoor detection fire behavior depends on the panoramic detector of installation, such as air-breathing detector, infra red flame detection
Device, smoke detector etc., above-mentioned detector must be all previously installed in the room to catch fire, but in fact, few average family
It will be installed above-mentioned detector.Therefore, obstacle can be caused to the detection of indoor fire behavior.
With the development of wireless communication technique, more and more wireless devices are used in people's lives.Therefore, originally
Invention is monitored indoor fire behavior using wireless communication technique and alarmed.Nowadays, every household, which is substantially all, is mounted with wireless local area
Net, that is, WIFI can detect fire behavior using existing equipment, without additionally increasing cost.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcomings of above-mentioned signified equipment, popularization degree is inadequate in use, and the present invention provides a kind of low-cost, high
The method and system of the detection of indoor fire behavior and alarm based on wireless signal of precision.In specific indoor environment, pass through benefit
With existing wireless network and equipment, effective detection to indoor fire behavior is realized, and reach and the function of alarm and feedback.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
It is a kind of based on wireless network signal transmission indoor detection fire behavior and alarm method, step include:
S1. wireless receiving end receives the wireless signal from wireless transmitting terminals, assesses CSI (channel state
Information channel state information), and data are carried out at denoising using data filtering techniques (Butterworth filter)
Reason；
S2. the exception of channel state information variation is identified using Outlier Detection Algorithm (sequence variation)；
S3. random forests algorithm is used, the method (for example, standard deviation, interquartile-range IQR etc.) of five kinds of extraction features is selected,
The signal message that fire behavior occurs in interior is realized into storage, if abnormal patterns signal characteristic and the signal characteristic phase for realizing storage
Match, then judge that fire behavior occurs in interior, then issues fire alarm signal.
As a further improvement of the present invention: the number of the wireless transmitting terminals is one, the number at the wireless receiving end
According to being one.
As a further improvement of the present invention: the step S1 assessment channel state information includes:
S11. initial channel status data is acquired, number of links × sub-carrier number matrix is obtained；
S12. for each spatial flow, the CSI value conduct of 30 continuous subcarriers on point at the same time is sought
Channel state information；
S13. the influence of white noise is removed to channel state information using Butterworth algorithm.
As a further improvement of the present invention: the step S2 is changed using Outlier Detection Algorithm identification channel state information
Exception be the time series Outlier Detection Algorithm based on local outlier factor.
As a further improvement of the present invention: the step S2 includes:
S21. data are carried out to CSI data to divide to obtain subsequence, and finds out the local outlier factor of each subsequence；
S22. when the local outlier factor is greater than or equal to preset threshold, then defeated using subsequence as abnormal patterns
Out；
As a further improvement of the present invention: the step S3 includes:
S31. it is tested in advance, obtains the abnormal mould for causing CSI (channel state information) to change that catches fire due to interior
Formula extracts feature, preservative feature value；
S32. abnormal patterns that step S22 is exported are calculated into characteristic value and sees whether match with storage signal characteristic in advance；
S33. judge whether that fire behavior occurs, if so, issuing fire behavior alarm signal.
The present invention also provides the indoor detection fire behaviors and alarm system transmitted based on wireless network signal, comprising:
1) CSI obtains module, terminates for wireless receiving by the wireless signal from wireless transmitting terminals, and assesses CSI (letter
Channel state information), and white noise is removed to data using data filtering techniques (Butterworth filter) and is handled；
2) abnormality detection module, for identifying channel state information variation using Outlier Detection Algorithm (sequence variation)
It is abnormal；
3) fire behavior judgment module, using random forests algorithm, select five kinds of extraction features methods (for example, standard deviation, four
Quartile away from etc.), by interior occur fire behavior signal message realize storage, if abnormal patterns signal characteristic and realize storage letter
Number feature matches, then judges that fire behavior occurs in interior, then issues fire alarm signal；
4) alarm modules, for issuing fire alarm when indoor generation fire behavior.
As a further improvement of the present invention: the CSI obtains module and includes:
1) sensing unit is used for initial channel status data, obtains number of links × sub-carrier number matrix；
2) data processing unit, for seeking 30 continuous subcarriers on same time point to each spatial flow
CSI value as channel state information；
3) filter element is removed the influence of white noise using Butterworth algorithm to channel state information.
As a further improvement of the present invention: time series of the abnormality detection module based on local outlier factor is abnormal
Detection algorithm, comprising:
1) LOF computing unit is divided to obtain subsequence, and finds out each subsequence for carrying out data to CSI data
Local outlier factor；
2) abnormal output unit is used for when the local outlier factor is more than or equal to preset threshold, by subsequence
It is exported as abnormal patterns.
As a further improvement of the present invention: the fire behavior judgment module includes:
1) model unit is established, for being tested in advance, obtaining catching fire due to interior leads to CSI (channel state information)
The abnormal patterns of variation extract feature, store characteristic value；
2) fire behavior recognition unit, the abnormal patterns that abnormal output unit is exported calculate characteristic value, utilize random forest
Algorithm, see whether match with the signal characteristic being previously stored.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: not needing additionally to install detecting devices or sensor in detected environment, can
To use in any environment, just with existing WIFI router, signal collection processing just can be carried out, we believe CSI
Channel state information catches fire with interior to be connected, by judging whether the CSI data of mobile phone have exception, with the target being previously obtained
Action mode is matched, if fire behavior has occurred, just and alarm.Therefore, there is great popularization.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the indoor detection fire behavior transmitted based on wireless network signal and alarm system send and receive data hardware
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram for assessing CSI status information；
Fig. 3 is an embodiment schematic diagram of the indoor detection fire behavior and alarm method transmitted based on wireless network signal.
Specific embodiment
For the ease of the understanding of those skilled in the art, present invention work is further retouched with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples
It states.
It is a kind of based on wireless network signal transmission indoor detection fire behavior and alarm method, step include:
S1. wireless receiving end receives the wireless signal from wireless transmitting terminals, assesses CSI (channel state
Information channel state information), and data are carried out at denoising using data filtering techniques (Butterworth filter)
Reason；
S2. the exception of channel state information variation is identified using Outlier Detection Algorithm (sequence variation)；
S3. random forests algorithm is used, the method (for example, standard deviation, interquartile-range IQR etc.) of five kinds of extraction features is selected,
The signal message that fire behavior occurs in interior is realized into storage, if abnormal patterns signal characteristic and the signal characteristic phase for realizing storage
Match, then judge that fire behavior occurs in interior, then issues fire alarm signal.
In practical applications, the wireless receiving end is wireless network card, and the wireless transmitter is wireless router, the party
Method based on the radio propagation mechanism under indoor environment, establish wireless signal and catch fire between relationship, it is only necessary to use family
Existing Wireless Communication Equipment, can and the variation for this environment that catches fire caused by the change of wireless signal divided
Analysis, judges whether interior catches fire and alarm.In the present invention, the number of described wireless transmitting terminals is one, institute
The number for stating wireless receiving end is one, sends and receives wireless signal by more antennas respectively in system；System is used
Wireless network card can receive channel state information.As described in Fig. 1, it is detected in environment and there is a pair of of wireless transmitting terminals and nothing
Line receiving end, receiving end receive CSI (abbreviation of Channel State Information, i.e. channel shape from transmitter
State information, in wireless communication field, CSI is exactly the channel attribute of communication link, describes signal in every transmission paths
Decay factor).It, just can with ready-made WIFI router without installing additional equipment in room in detected environment
With.Whether system will detect indoor environment using the received CSI of wireless receiving end institute, to lose to interior
Fiery phenomenon is judged.
For the connection established between wireless signal and indoor fire behavior, the present invention uses the channel state information of wireless network
CSI is as indicant.CSI can be depicted in time delay, under the joint effect of amplitude decaying and phase shift, a signal
Route of transmission.Based on the radio transmission model under indoor environment, the present invention establishes the connection between CSI and indoor fire behavior.
In a specific indoor environment, the propagation of CSI data is exactly a predominating path and a plurality of scattering path (such as smallpox
Plate, ground, room ornaments), when all things are all static, the variation for the This move that catches fire in room will make receiving end collect
To data change.CSI is to utilize orthogonal frequency carrier multiplexing (Orthogonal Frequency Division
Multiplex, OFDM) data are transmitted, it has arrived receiving end and has been decomposed into 30 subcarriers again, by number of links × sub- load
Wave group data are analyzed, and will indoor situations be compared with accurate judgement.
Specifically, in the step S1, assessment CSI status information includes:
S1. wireless receiving end receives the wireless signal from wireless transmitting terminals, assesses CSI (channel state
Information channel state information), and data are carried out at denoising using data filtering techniques (Butterworth filter)
Reason；
S2. the exception of channel state information variation is identified using Outlier Detection Algorithm (sequence variation)；
S3. random forests algorithm is used, the method (for example, standard deviation, interquartile-range IQR etc.) of five kinds of extraction features is selected,
The signal message that fire behavior occurs in interior is realized into storage, if abnormal patterns signal characteristic and the signal characteristic phase for realizing storage
Match, then judge that fire behavior occurs in interior, then issues fire alarm signal.
When system starts of the invention, wireless transmitting terminals (AP) emit wireless signal, the electricity equipped with wireless network card
Brain can collect CSI data as initial channel status information as wireless receiving end.In experiment, we are that have three days using AP
Line, computer end have an antenna, and so as to form three bars links, each link has 30 subcarriers, therefore we can
To obtain one 1 × 3 × 30 matrix.In order to eliminate the influence of white noise, we carry out signal using Butterworth algorithm
Denoising.
It is based on local factors that the step S2, which is using the exception of Outlier Detection Algorithm identification channel state information variation,
Time series Outlier Detection Algorithm.Step S2 includes:
S21. data are carried out to CSI data to divide to obtain subsequence, and finds out the local outlier factor of each subsequence；
S22. when the local outlier factor is greater than or equal to preset threshold, then defeated using subsequence as abnormal patterns
Out；
It will be compared with its neighbours using the local density of mono- point of LOF.If the former (has significantly lower than the latter
One LOF value greater than 1), which is then located at a sparse region, and for its neighbours, this is indicated that, which is one different
Constant value obtains abnormal patterns.In aforementioned manners, we can will be caught fire as interior channel status caused by this environmental factor letter
Breath variation to abnormal patterns calculate characteristic value in random forests algorithm be used as target signature.
After completing abnormality detection module, and due to various reasons (such as: physical activity) cause channel effect all can be defeated
Corresponding abnormal patterns out, these abnormal patterns can all calculate separately characteristic value, and in random forests algorithm and in advance
The signal characteristic of storage compares, if matched, is judged to catching fire, just alarm.
Further, the step S3 includes:
S31. it is tested in advance, obtains the abnormal mould for causing CSI (channel state information) to change that catches fire due to interior
Formula extracts feature, stores characteristic value；
S32. abnormal patterns step S22 exported calculate characteristic value, using random forests algorithm see whether with deposit in advance
The signal characteristic of storage matches；
S33. judge whether that fire behavior occurs, if so, issuing fire behavior alarm signal.
Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2, system is broadly divided into data processing, abnormality detection and the classification of motion.
Specifically, as shown in Fig. 3, the process of indoor detection fire behavior and alarm is realized.
1) wireless transmitting terminals (AP) send wireless signal, and wireless receiving end (computer with wireless network card) receives wireless communication
Number, acquire CSI (channel state information) data；
2) channel state information of the value of 30 subcarriers of each signal link as the moment is taken；
3) denoising is done with signal of the Butterworth algorithm to collection；
4) Outlier factor is calculated using Outlier Detection Algorithm；
5) output abnormality mode, and extract feature；
6) classified using random forest；
7) alarm signal is then issued if target action class (abnormal patterns of the indoor caused channel state information that catches fire)
Number；
8) without any processing if it is not, then continuing collecting signal.
The present invention is a kind of indoor detection fire behavior and alarm system based on wireless network signal transmission, mould wherein included
Block includes:
CSI obtains module, for receiving wireless signal, and assesses CSI channel state information；
Abnormality detection module, for identification anomalous variation of channel state information；
Fire behavior judgment module, for judge whether the feature of abnormal patterns matches with the information characteristics being previously stored (with
Machine forest), and then judge whether there is fire behavior in room；
Alarm module issues alarm signal when for there is fire behavior generation indoors.
Further, the CSI acquisition module includes:
Sensing unit is used for initial channel status data, obtains number of links × sub-carrier number matrix；
Data processing unit, for seeking 30 continuous subcarriers on same time point to each spatial flow
CSI channel state information；
Filter element is removed the influence of white noise using Butterworth algorithm to channel state information.
Further, time series Outlier Detection Algorithm of the abnormality detection module based on local outlier factor, comprising:
LOF computing unit is divided to obtain subsequence, and finds out the office of each subsequence for carrying out data to CSI data
Portion's Outlier factor；
Abnormal output unit, for when the local outlier factor is more than or equal to preset threshold, subsequence to be made
For abnormal patterns output.
Further, the fire behavior judgment module includes:
Model unit is established, model unit is established, for being tested in advance, obtaining catching fire due to interior leads to CSI (letter
Channel state information) variation abnormal patterns, extract feature, store characteristic value；
Fire behavior recognition unit, the abnormal patterns that abnormal output unit is exported calculate characteristic value, utilize random forest
Algorithm sees whether match with the signal characteristic being previously stored.
Finally (for example, sending short messages to house-owner) is sounded an alarm in the case where fire behavior occurs using alarm module.
The above content is combining specific implementation to be further described to what the present invention was done, should not assert of the invention specific
Realization is confined to described above.For those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise,
A number of simple deductions or replacements can also be made, be regarded as protection scope that the claim submitted of the present invention determines it
It is interior.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of indoor detection fire behavior and alarm method based on wireless network signal transmission, it is characterised in that: including walking as follows
It is rapid:
(S1) wireless receiving end receives the wireless signal from wireless transmitting terminals, assesses channel state information CSI, and use data
Filtering technique carries out denoising to data；
The step (S1) assesses channel state information
(S11) initial channel status data is acquired, number of links × sub-carrier number matrix is obtained；
(S12) for each spatial flow, the CSI value of 30 continuous subcarriers on point at the same time is sought as channel
Status information；
(S13) influence of white noise is removed to channel state information using Butterworth algorithm；
(S2) exception of channel state information variation is identified using Outlier Detection Algorithm；
It is based on local factors that the step (S2), which is using the exception of Outlier Detection Algorithm identification channel state information variation,
Time series Outlier Detection Algorithm；The step (S2) further comprises:
(S21) data are carried out to CSI data to divide to obtain subsequence, and finds out the local outlier factor of each subsequence；
(S22) it when the local outlier factor is greater than or equal to preset threshold, is then exported subsequence as abnormal patterns；
(S3) random forests algorithm is used, the signal message that fire behavior occurs in interior is realized storage by the method for selective extraction feature,
If abnormal patterns signal characteristic matches with the signal characteristic for realizing storage, judge that fire behavior occurs in interior, then issues and lose
Fiery alarm signal；Relationship between establishing wireless signal and catching fire, and the variation for this environment that catches fire caused by wireless communication
Number change analyzed, judge it is indoor whether catch fire and alarm, specifically: using the channel of wireless network
As indicant, CSI can be depicted in time delay status information CSI, under the joint effect of amplitude decaying and phase shift,
The route of transmission of one signal；Indoors in environment, the propagation of CSI data is exactly a predominating path and a plurality of scattering path；
CSI is to transmit data using orthogonal frequency carrier multiplexing, has arrived receiving end and has been decomposed into 30 subcarriers again, by link
Number × subcarrier group data are analyzed, and then are compared accurate judgement to indoor situations；This will be caught fire due to interior
Characteristic value conduct in random forests algorithm that the abnormal patterns that channel state information caused by environmental factor changes calculate
Target signature, and compared in random forests algorithm with the signal characteristic being previously stored；
The step (S3) specifically:
(S31) it is tested in advance, obtains the abnormal patterns for causing CSI to change that catch fire due to interior, extract feature, and store；
Wherein, these abnormal patterns can all calculate separately characteristic value；
(S32) will step (S2) output abnormal patterns extract feature after be calculated with random forests algorithm, see whether with deposit before
The information characteristics of storage match；
(S33) judge whether that fire behavior occurs, if so, issuing fire behavior alarm signal.
2. the indoor detection fire behavior and alarm method according to claim 1 based on wireless network signal transmission, feature
Be: the number of the wireless transmitting terminals is one, and the data at the wireless receiving end are one.
3. a kind of indoor detection fire behavior and alarm system based on wireless network signal transmission characterized by comprising
Channel state information CSI obtains module, terminates for wireless receiving by the wireless signal from wireless transmitting terminals, and assess
CSI, and white noise is removed to data using data filtering techniques and is handled；
It includes: sensing unit that the CSI, which obtains module, is used for initial channel status data, obtains a number of links × sub- load
The matrix of wave number；
Data processing unit, for seeking the CSI value of 30 continuous subcarriers on same time point to each spatial flow
As channel state information；
Filter element is removed the influence of white noise using Butterworth algorithm to channel state information；
Abnormality detection module, for identifying the exception of channel state information variation using Outlier Detection Algorithm；
Time series Outlier Detection Algorithm of the abnormality detection module based on local outlier factor, comprising:
LOF computing unit is divided to obtain subsequence for carrying out data to CSI data, and the part for finding out each subsequence is different
Constant factor；
Abnormal output unit is used for when the local outlier factor is more than or equal to preset threshold, using subsequence as different
The output of norm formula；
Fire behavior judgment module, using random forests algorithm, is there is the signal message of fire behavior by the method for selective extraction feature in interior
It realizes storage, if abnormal patterns signal characteristic matches with the signal characteristic for realizing storage, judges that fire behavior occurs in interior, after
And issue fire alarm signal；Alarm modules, for issuing fire alarm when indoor generation fire behavior；Establish wireless signal and
Relationship between catching fire, and the variation for this environment that catches fire caused by the change of wireless signal analyzed, judge room
Inside whether catch fire and alarm, specifically: using the channel state information CSI of wireless network as indicant, CSI
It can be depicted in time delay, under the joint effect of amplitude decaying and phase shift, the route of transmission of a signal；Indoors
In environment, the propagation of CSI data is exactly a predominating path and a plurality of scattering path；CSI is to utilize orthogonal frequency carrier multiplexing
Data are transmitted, receiving end has been arrived and has been decomposed into 30 subcarriers again, by analyzing number of links × subcarrier group data,
And then accurate judgement is compared to indoor situations；To be caught fire channel state information caused by this environmental factor as interior
Change the characteristic value that obtained abnormal patterns calculate and be used as target signature in random forests algorithm, and in random forests algorithm
It is compared with the signal characteristic being previously stored；The fire behavior judgment module includes:
Model unit is established, for being tested in advance, obtains the abnormal patterns for causing CSI to change that catch fire due to interior, feature
It extracts, preservative feature value；Wherein, these abnormal patterns can all calculate separately characteristic value；
Fire behavior recognition unit, the abnormal patterns characteristic use random forests algorithm for being exported abnormal output unit, seeing is
It is no to match with the feature of storage is realized.
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| PCT/CN2016/084192 WO2017117910A1 (en) | 2016-01-06 | 2016-05-31 | Indoor fire detection and alarm method and system based on wireless network signal transmission |
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| CN105761407A (en) | 2016-07-13 |
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