CN105759252B - A kind of insect dimension measurement method based on multifrequency scattering modeling - Google Patents
A kind of insect dimension measurement method based on multifrequency scattering modeling Download PDFInfo
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- CN105759252B CN105759252B CN201610171604.1A CN201610171604A CN105759252B CN 105759252 B CN105759252 B CN 105759252B CN 201610171604 A CN201610171604 A CN 201610171604A CN 105759252 B CN105759252 B CN 105759252B
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of insect dimension measurement method based on multifrequency scattering modeling, this method can measure simultaneously insect body length and body it is wide, can the further quality of inverting insect and the wide ratio of the long body of body based on this, the insect size range that this method can cover greatly increases compared with traditional entomological radar dimension measurement method, therefore also enhances the ability that entomological radar identifies to caste.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to entomological radar technical field, and in particular to a kind of insect dimensional measurement based on multifrequency scattering modeling
Method.
Background technology
Radar is arising at the historic moment during the Second World War, is target to be detected using electromagnetic wave and the electronic equipment of ranging.Army
There are many both echo points of non-military objective nor atmosphere elements with being found that very early with weather radar in the air, confirm these later
Echo is migrating property insect.It is good electromagnetic-wave reflector because the water content in insect bodies is more than 80%, this is also elder brother
Worm radar is able to the important prerequisite successfully developed and applied.Hereafter, entomologists all over the world using entomological radar to moving
Fly property insect and carry out a series of researchs.The U.S., Australia and Britain have been owned by the entomological radar system of oneself at present, I
State is also configured with entomological radar system in many places such as Shandong, Henan, Liaoning.
Traditional entomological radar is limited by factors such as working system, systemic-function, algorithm and indexs, can not accurately obtain elder brother
Worm biological parameter.Traditional entomological radar is usually operated at Rayleigh region, and only single frequency band, therefore can only obtain radar surveying
To entomological radar scattering resonance state compared with the empirical value of Rayleigh region, so as to extrapolate the quality of insect, and further root
According to quality inverting build or classified.Relatively simple, particularly larger to the build insect of information content that this method obtains,
Its scattering can enter resonance region, and this can largely effect on the precision of traditional build inversion method.Therefore the insect of traditional entomological radar
Dimension measurement method can not often cover wider insect size range, limit the validity of entomological radar.Actually insect
Shape parameter also include the wide ratio of the long body of body, this between different types of insect there is also notable difference, if can measure simultaneously
The wide ratio of the long body of body and quality of insect, then can greatly improve the precision that entomological radar identifies to caste.
The content of the invention
In view of this, can it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of insect dimension measurement method based on multifrequency scattering modeling
So that resonance region scattering modeling is carried out to insect using rotational symmetry dielectric ellipsoid, and it is wide by the body length and body of radar inverting insect
It is significant to entomological radar target recognition and classification Deng biological parameter.
A kind of insect dimension measurement method based on multifrequency scattering modeling, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, multiband scattering resonance state RCS data acquisitions：
Insect to be measured is detected using multiband radar system, obtains the scattered signal of N number of frequency altogether, wherein, each wave band
Frequency number be not less than 10；Log-frequency corresponding to each frequency is dBfn=10log10(fn), fnFor the frequency of n-th of frequency
Value, n=1~N；For n-th of frequency, Complete polarimetry matrix corresponding to insect to be measured is obtained：
Wherein,For horizontal polarized components,For perpendicular polarisation components,WithTo intersect
Polarization components；
By radar Complete polarimetry matrix Sn, substitute into following formula：
Obtain the measurement data σ of the scattering resonance state RCS maximums of n-th of frequencymax(dBfn)；N number of Frequency point is traveled through,
Obtain the measurement data of scattering resonance state RCS maximums corresponding to each Frequency point；
Step 2, the search based on least square meaning obtain parameter dBf respectively0With K estimationWithSpecifically
For：
1), difference setup parameter dBf0The region of search and scouting interval with K；Wherein, dBf0Represent scattering resonance state RCS
Log-frequency during maximum, K are the variables for the absolute intensity for influenceing scattering, represent target in dBf0When scattering resonance state
RCS；Using electromagnetic simulation software simulating insects in the scattering properties of different-waveband, obtained σmaxOn rising for log-frequency dBf
Volt property is by following piecewise function approximate expression：
2), for log-frequency dBf corresponding to each Frequency point, Selecting All Parameters dBf0With K in the respective region of search
One group of parameter, find σ under current logarithmic frequency from formula (5)maxCorresponding function expression, by current logarithmic frequency, choosing
The parameter dBf taken0The σ found is substituted into K valuesmaxIn function expression, the σ under current logarithmic frequency is obtainedmaxCalculated value, by this
The σ for the respective frequencies point that calculated value obtains with step 1maxMeasured value subtracts each other, and obtains error amount, then error amount is squared；Time
All log-frequency points are gone through, obtain square of error amount corresponding to each Frequency point, finally, to square asking for all error amounts
With；
3), using method 2), according to the scouting interval of setting, dBf is constantly changed in the respective region of search0And K,
Error amount square corresponding to obtaining and value, choose corresponding one group of parameter dBf when making and being worth minimum0With K estimationWith
Step 3, insect Size calculation：
By estimated resultSubstitute into following formula：
Obtain the length 2a of insect；
WillIt is updated in following formula：
Obtain insect volume V；
Insect width 2b is calculated according to the cubature formula of ellipsoid simultaneously：
The multiband radar system covering X-band, Ku wave bands and Ka wave bands, each band are not less than 2GHz.
The present invention has the advantages that：
A kind of insect dimension measurement method based on multifrequency scattering modeling of the present invention, this method can measure insect simultaneously
Body length and body it is wide, based on this can the further quality of inverting insect and the wide ratio of the long body of body, the insect that this method can cover
Size range greatly increases compared with traditional entomological radar dimension measurement method, therefore also enhances entomological radar to insect kind
The ability of class identification.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is single portion's entomological radar Vertical Observation geometric representation.
Fig. 2 is that insect resonance region scatters fluctuation characteristic and fitting.
Fig. 3 is the emulation of different size insect broadband radar signals product and matched curve.
Embodiment
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
For the insect that build is larger, such as loxostege sticticalis (body grows 1~1.2cm), in X, Ku, Ka wave band, it is normally at humorous
Shake area, can not carry out Analytic modeling, therefore to insect with rotational symmetry dielectric ellipsoid model modeling, and it is based on rotational symmetry medium
Actual scattering properties of the ellipsoid in resonance region carries out dimensional measurement.
Insect is observed vertically upward using single portion's radar, as shown in Figure 1.Generally it is considered that Migrating Insects are all
Flat winged motion is being done, i.e., velocity is parallel to the ground, if insect bodies axle is in radar antenna polarization reception planeInterior
Projection and radar horizon polarised direction vectorAngle be α, radar vertical polarization directions vector representation is
Generally, polarization radar observes that the Complete polarimetry matrix of insect can be expressed as：
Wherein ShhFor horizontal polarized components, SvvFor perpendicular polarisation components, ShvAnd SvhFor cross polar component.
Assuming that polarization response matrix such as (1) formula, rotational symmetry body insect that radar Polarimetry obtains have Shv=
Svh, then the maximum polarization intensity that receives of radar can be calculated as：
Because of the maximum σ of the Radar Cross Section (RCS) of insectmaxIt is expressed as：
σmax=| Smax|2 (3)
, can approximation power function piecewise fitting σ based on the WB-RCS emulation to rotational symmetry dielectric ellipsoid targetmax
The fluctuation characteristic of resonance region, represent for convenience, define decibel frequency dBf first：
DBf=10 × log10(f/109) (4)
Wherein f is frequency, unit Hz.As shown in Figure 2.Utilize electromagnetic simulation software simulating insects dissipating in different-waveband
Characteristic is penetrated, is found based on a large amount of emulation data analyses, σmaxFluctuation characteristic on dBf can use following piecewise function expression formula
It is approximate：
σ in above formulamaxUnit be dBsm, dBf0Decibel frequency during RCS maximums is represented, it is with ellipsoid semi-major axis a's
Relation can using approximate representation as：
In other words, when body shaft length changes, σmaxFluctuation characteristic in resonance region is present along the flat of frequency axis
Move.K is the variable for the absolute intensity for influenceing scattering, and unit dBsm, it represents target in dBf0When RCS.It is relative in insect
In the case that dielectric constant determines, K and insect volume V (unit mm3) between relation can using approximate representation as：
V=(58510 × 10K/10-2.89)4/3 (7)
In other words, when insect volume changes, σmaxThe translation along RCS axles be present in the fluctuation characteristic in resonance region.
Therefore, the invention provides a kind of insect dimension measurement method based on multifrequency scattering modeling, comprise the following steps.
Step 1, multifrequency RCS data acquisitions：
Assuming that multiband radar system launches the signal of N number of frequency simultaneously, it is desirable to frequency covers tri- wave bands of X, Ku and Ka,
Each band is not less than 2G, and each wave band frequency number is not less than 10.Corresponding decibel frequency is dBfj, j=1~N.It is right
Each frequency, we can obtain Complete polarimetry matrix corresponding to single insect：
Utilize polarization radar collision matrix measured value Sn, the rcs measurement of N number of frequency can be obtained by substituting into (2) formula and (3) formula
Data σmax(dBfj), j=1~N.
Step 2, utilizes (5) formula, and the search based on least square meaning can be obtained to parameter dBf0With K estimation
With
1) dBf, is set0It is spaced with K traversal section and traversal, dBf0Can be respectively according to the frequency model for obtaining data with K
Enclose and determine traversal section with amplitude range；
2), for log-frequency dBf corresponding to each Frequency point, one group of parameter dBf being chosen in interval range0,p
And Kq, σ under current logarithmic frequency is found from formula (5)maxCorresponding function expression, by current logarithmic frequency, the ginseng chosen
Number dBf0The σ found is substituted into K valuesmaxIn function expression, the σ under current logarithmic frequency is obtainedmaxCalculated value, by the calculated value
The measured value of the respective frequencies point obtained with step 1 subtracts each other, and obtains error amount, then error amount is squared；Travel through all logarithms
Frequency point, square of error amount corresponding to each Frequency point is obtained, finally, square summation to all error amounts：
3), using method 2), according to the scouting interval of setting, dBf is constantly changed in the respective region of search0And K,
Error amount square corresponding to obtaining and value, choose corresponding one group of parameter dBf when making and being worth minimum0With K estimationWith
Step 3, insect Size calculation：
By estimated resultSubstitute into following formula：
Obtain the length 2a of insect；
WillIt is updated in following formula：
Obtain insect volume V；
Insect width 2b is calculated according to the cubature formula of ellipsoid simultaneously：
Embodiment：
To verify aforementioned dimensions measuring method, to four kinds of typical Migrating Insects (loxostege sticticalis, bollworm, mythimna separata and oryza chinensis)
Be modeled using rotational symmetry dielectric ellipsoid, if be sized respectively 12mm × 2mm, 20mm × 4mm, 24mm × 4mm and
30mm × 6mm (major axis × short axle).The WB-RCS of four different size medium ellipsoids is emulated using CST.And provide corresponding point
Section Function Fitting result, as shown in Figure 3.It can be seen that the piecewise function of given form can meet to different size insect broadbands
RCS emulates the fitting of data.
Point frequency RCS emulation data based on tri- wave bands of X, Ku and Ka, more frequency dispersions are based on using one kind of the present invention
The insect dimension measurement method of modeling is penetrated, completes the insect dimensional measurement emulation under the parameter, idiographic flow is as follows：
1. assume that insect body axis direction is parallel with horizontal polarization directions, can be in the hope of insect RCS according to (2) formula and (3) formula
The maximum that polarizes (unit dBsm) is as shown in table 1.
The insect multifrequency RCS data of table 1
2. the RCS data according to given by table 1, substitute into formula (5) formula and carry out two-dimensional search, parameter can be obtained
Estimated result, as shown in table 2：
The parameter of curve estimated result of table 2
3. the parameter estimation result in table 2 is substituted into (6) (7) (11) formula, can be in the hope of the shape parameter of insect, such as table 3
It is shown.
The insect dimension measurement result of table 3
It can be obtained based on above-mentioned simulation result to draw a conclusion：
To various sizes of big insect, making curve matching using resonance region multifrequency point RCS data can effective inverting insect
Shape parameter.
By simulation result it can be seen that utilizing this high efficiency and validity that modeling method is scattered based on multifrequency.Utilize
This method can realize the target size measurement of entomological radar.
In summary, presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is these are only, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., it should be included in the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of insect dimension measurement method based on multifrequency scattering modeling, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, multiband scattering resonance state RCS data acquisitions：
Insect to be measured is detected using multiband radar system, obtains the scattered signal of N number of frequency altogether, wherein, the frequency of each wave band
Points are not less than 10；Log-frequency corresponding to each frequency is dBfn=10log10(fn), fnFor the frequency values of n-th of frequency, n
=1~N；For n-th of frequency, Complete polarimetry matrix corresponding to insect to be measured is obtained：
Wherein,For horizontal polarized components,For perpendicular polarisation components,WithFor cross polarization
Component；
By radar Complete polarimetry matrix Sn, substitute into following formula：
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Obtain the measurement data σ of the scattering resonance state RCS maximums of n-th of frequencymax(dBfn)；N number of Frequency point is traveled through, is obtained each
The measurement data of scattering resonance state RCS maximums corresponding to Frequency point；
Step 2, the search based on least square meaning obtain parameter dBf respectively0With K estimationWithSpecially：
1), difference setup parameter dBf0The region of search and scouting interval with K；Wherein, dBf0Represent that scattering resonance state RCS is maximum
Log-frequency during value, K are the variables for the absolute intensity for influenceing scattering, represent target in dBf0When scattering resonance state RCS；Profit
With electromagnetic simulation software simulating insects in the scattering properties of different-waveband, Radar Cross Section maximum σ is obtainedmaxOn right
Number frequency dBf fluctuation characteristic is by following piecewise function approximate expression：
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Parameter, σ under current logarithmic frequency is found from formula (5)maxCorresponding function expression, by current logarithmic frequency, the ginseng chosen
Number dBf0The σ found is substituted into K valuesmaxIn function expression, the σ under current logarithmic frequency is obtainedmaxCalculated value, by the calculated value
The σ of the respective frequencies point obtained with step 1maxMeasurement data σmax(dBfn) subtract each other, error amount is obtained, then error amount is asked
Square；All log-frequency points are traveled through, obtain square of error amount corresponding to each Frequency point, finally, to all error amounts
Square summation；
3), using method 2), according to the scouting interval of setting, dBf is constantly changed in the respective region of search0And K, obtain
Corresponding error amount square and value, selection corresponding one group of parameter dBf when making and being worth minimum0With K estimationWith
Step 3, insect Size calculation：
By estimated resultSubstitute into following formula：
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Obtain the length 2a of insect；
WillIt is updated in following formula：
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Obtain insect volume V；
Insect width 2b is calculated according to the cubature formula of ellipsoid simultaneously：
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</mrow>
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</mrow>
2. a kind of insect dimension measurement method based on multifrequency scattering modeling as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Multiband radar system covering X-band, Ku wave bands and Ka wave bands, each band are not less than 2GHz.
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| CN111007499B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2021-09-17 | 北京理工大学 | Insect body width inversion method based on full polarization radar power matrix eigenvalue |
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| CN112327294B (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2023-10-20 | 北京理工大学 | Insect body type parameter inversion method and device based on multi-frequency point polarization characteristics |
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