CN105758320A - System and method for monitoring road wheel water drop atomization radius - Google Patents
System and method for monitoring road wheel water drop atomization radius Download PDFInfo
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- CN105758320A CN105758320A CN201610176338.1A CN201610176338A CN105758320A CN 105758320 A CN105758320 A CN 105758320A CN 201610176338 A CN201610176338 A CN 201610176338A CN 105758320 A CN105758320 A CN 105758320A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters
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Abstract
The invention relates to a system for monitoring a road wheel water drop atomization radius. The system comprises a high-speed camera installed on a side of a road. The lens of the high-speed camera points to the direction vertical to the road. The center of the lens and the axis of the wheels of a passing vehicle are at the same height. A black backboard is disposed on the other side, opposite to the high-speed camera, of the road. The high-speed camera is connected with a numerical value workstation in which a background analysis device and an atomization analysis device are disposed. The system, by comparing high-resolution pictures of rear wheel water drop atomization when the rear wheels pass by a rainwater road, analyzes the high-resolution pictures captured by the high-speed camera and removes a background value. The atomization radius of the water drop is reckoned by comparing the transparency of the pictures. Further, the system fully takes account of an influence of a city road surface traffic flow atomization effect on city evapotranspiration, solves a monitoring problem of the city evapotranspiration under artificial interference, and fills in a technical blank in accurate wheel atomization radius monitoring.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the monitoring system and method for a kind of highway wheel globule atomization radius, it it is the environment monitoring system and method for a kind of water resource, it is a kind of hydrologic monitoring system and method, is that urban pavement microcosmic evapotranspiration is monitored system and method by a kind of city water cycle field that is applicable to.
Background technology
In city, hydrologic cycle process is created very big impact by the activity of the mankind, the key link of hydrologic cycle, as: evaporation, under ooze, the link such as rainwash, interflow subsurface drainage all there occurs change under the effect of human activity.Urban water consumption presents the trend that intensity is high and growth is fast in recent years, and the monitoring of the water consumption such as city evapotranspiration is significant.Owing to there being substantial amounts of road to exist in city, on road, the hydrops of the vehicle road pavement of fast running rolls, and formation atomization of kicking up.Along with the increase of vehicle, this atomization has become as the key factor of interference city water cycle system.In the process that the evapotranspiration amount of city water cycle system is carried out quantitative analysis, when the evapotranspiration amount of urban pavement being monitored particularly in city water cycle field, common evapotranspiration instrument (such as surface evaporation ware) cannot meet the monitoring of the road surface evapotranspiration under complexity is dynamically changed.The monitoring of current city evapotranspiration is mainly still dependent on the macroscopic manner of remote-sensing inversion, still there is no to monitor Human disturbance to the related art method of the impact of urban pavement evapotranspiration and corresponding technical equipment or technological facilities, it is impossible to from microcosmic, the atomization on urban road surface is carried out accurate surveying.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome problem of the prior art, the present invention proposes the monitoring system and method for a kind of highway wheel globule atomization radius.The radius of the atomization pearl on urban road surface is observed by described system and method by the mode of high-speed photography, to ensure the certainty of measurement of road globule atomization quantity, it is achieved that from microcosmic, the atomization on urban road surface is carried out accurate surveying.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the monitoring system of a kind of highway wheel globule atomization radius, including: it is arranged on the high-speed camera instrument of road side, the camera lens of described high-speed camera points to and is perpendicular to road direction, described optical center be positioned at sustained height by the axis wheel of vehicle, the road opposite side relative with described high-speed camera instrument arranges black backboard, described high-speed camera instrument is connected with numerical value work station, is provided with context analyzer device and atomization analysis device in described numerical value work station.
Further, described black backboard is provided with surveying marker.
Further, described surveying marker is to measure ruler, infrared exoelectron dip stick.
Further, the one being provided with in grid lines, vertical coordinate system or grid chi of described black backboard.
Further, described numerical value work station is connected with data acquisition unit, and described data acquisition unit is connected with on-the-spot weather station.
A kind of method of monitoring using above-mentioned monitoring system to carry out highway wheel globule atomization radius, described method comprises the steps:
The step of choice experiment condition: for according to requirement of experiment, selecting roughness, speed, depth of accumulated water different；
The step of choice experiment section erection detection equipment: for according to experiment condition, selecting the section same or like with experiment condition, erection high-speed camera instrument and black backboard, form pilot region；
The step of on-site data gathering: for on-the-spot wind direction, wind speed, gas epidemic disaster, illumination, atmospheric transparency data be acquired；
The step of shooting: for when selected vehicle crosses Experimental Area, shoots being atomized produced by described vehicle rear wheel, and captured atomization scene is placed in the background of black backboard；
Remove the step of contextual factor: for captured photo is processed, remove the impact of temperature, illumination, wind speed, humidity；
The step of atomization analysis: for captured go out photo carry out atomization analysis, calculate atomization globule radius.
Further, described experiment condition is:
In same section, the road surface experiment vehicle of identical depth of accumulated water carries out many experiments with different speeds；
In same section, the road surface experiment vehicle of different depth of accumulated water carries out many experiments with identical speed；
In the section that earth's surface roughness is different, depth of accumulated water is identical, and experiment vehicle carries out many experiments with identical speed.
Further, the mode of described shooting is for being continuously shot, and filming frequency is 1000 times/second.
Further, described calculating atomization globule radius is: the atomization radius of minute yardstick refers to the radius of the simple grain globule after car, and the radius formula being atomized the globule for minute yardstick is expressed asR 1=f 1(P,V), globule radius is photo grid transparencyPKinetic energy with vehicleVFunction, and the light-transparency of grid is by the impact of visible wavelength.
Further, described calculating atomization globule radius is: the atomization radius of large scale, i.e. the steam global shape of atomization and density after car, its except with photo grid transparencyPKinetic energy with vehicleVRelevant, also with the surface pond degree of depthD, earth's surface roughness coefficienRRelevant, the formula of atomization radius can be expressed asR 2=f 2(P,V,D,R).
The beneficial effect comprise that: the present invention is by contrasting the high resolution picture that the wheel trailing wheel globule through rainwater road surface is atomized, analyze described high resolution picture shot by high-speed camera and remove background value, described photo calculates the atomization radius of the globule by transparency contrast, taken into full account the impact on city evapotranspiration of the urban pavement wagon flow spraying effect simultaneously, solve a monitoring difficult problem for city evapotranspiration under Human disturbance, compensate for the technology vacancy of accurate monitoring wheel atomization radius.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of system described in embodiments of the invention one；
Fig. 2 is the reason schematic diagram of surveying marker described in embodiments of the invention three；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of surveying marker described in embodiments of the invention four.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment one:
The present embodiment is the monitoring system of a kind of highway wheel globule atomization radius, as shown in Figure 1.The present embodiment includes: be arranged on the high-speed camera instrument 5 of road 1 side, the camera lens of described high-speed camera points to and is perpendicular to road direction, described optical center be positioned at sustained height by the axis wheel of vehicle 2, the road opposite side relative with described high-speed camera instrument arranges black backboard 3, described high-speed camera instrument is connected with numerical value work station 4, is provided with context analyzer device and atomization analysis device in described numerical value work station.
It is critical only that of the present embodiment obtains photo by photographing, by analyzing of photo is obtained the radius that the globule is atomized.
Road described in the present embodiment, it is possible to Shi Yiduan highway, or the one of city section of road.This section of road to be carried out the detection of earth's surface roughness, obtains the essential information on road surface.The road surface generally choosing different earth's surfaces roughness in an experiment is tested.
While detection earth's surface roughness, also the environment of experimental field is detected, if wind direction, wind speed, temperature, illumination, humidity etc., and atmospheric transparency etc. would be likely to affect the various conditions of shooting quality.Meanwhile, also having important key element is the depth of accumulated water on road surface.For as data such as wind speed, wind direction, temperature and humidity, it is possible to set up weather station at the scene, the climate condition that monitoring is local in real time.
Described high-speed camera, it should there is the photographic equipment of at least 1000 times/seconds photography abilities.If using film photographic, the light sensitivitys of its film should more than 24 °.For digital camera equipment, its resolution should more than up to ten million.
The height of the camera lens of high-speed camera is consistent with the tire height of vehicle.Through experimental observation, the atomizing that vehicle produces, be mainly tire and rotate and cause, its central point in the center of rotation of wheel, the camera lens of high-speed camera instrument can just to tire center of rotation or slightly higher, to obtain the shooting effect of the best.
For making the photography of the globule clearly be likely to, the present embodiment is provided with black backboard as a setting.The surface smear blacking of this black backboard, and avoid any reflective as far as possible, to reduce the interference to shooting image.
For making the image measurement after shooting convenient, it is possible to arrange surveying marker on black backboard.Surveying marker can be provided in the side scale of black backboard, it is also possible to the grid drawn on the whole space of a whole page.
Atomizing measured by the present embodiment, relevant with the speed of vehicle.Therefore, it can by installing special velometer, speed is measured.Or special tachymeter is not installed, but by the precise time interval of high-speed photography, accurately calculates speed.
Numerical value work station described in the present embodiment is the electronic installation that can carry out stored digital, process and sequential operation, it is possible to the desktop computers such as PC or notebook computer, or other similar electron number word processing equipments.Described context analyzer device and atomization analysis device are mounted in the picture processing system in electron number word processing equipment, and these picture processing systems are by hardware, software, or hardware and software collectively forms, and be specifically designed to and atomization photo is analyzed.
Embodiment two:
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment one, is the embodiment one refinement about black backboard.Black backboard described in the present embodiment is provided with surveying marker.
Surveying marker can be special scale, or electronic scale, it is possible to be placed on the side of black backboard, it is also possible to be the grid being covered with the monoblock space of a whole page.
Embodiment three:
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment two, is the embodiment two refinement about surveying marker.Surveying marker described in the present embodiment is to measure ruler, infrared exoelectron dip stick, as shown in Figure 2.
Ruler is the graduated ruler 301 of normal tape, and its scale should in shooting with high-visible.Left side or the right side of black backboard can be placed on.
Infrared exoelectron dip stick i.e. a kind of Handheld laser infrared rays survey equipment, is the survey tool of a kind of precision, and utilization is indiffusion principle during infrared ray propagation, carries out length, dimensional measurement, and the present embodiment is to atomization size measurement.
Embodiment four:
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment two, is the embodiment two refinement about surveying marker.The one being provided with in grid lines, vertical coordinate system or grid chi of the black backboard described in the present embodiment.
Black backboard arranges grid lines 302, as it is shown on figure 3, or the mode of coordinate system of squaring up.
Embodiment five:
The improvement of the present embodiment above-described embodiment, is the above-described embodiment refinement about numerical value work station.Numerical value work station described in the present embodiment is connected with data acquisition unit, and described data acquisition unit is connected with on-the-spot weather station.
For climatic datas such as the direction in real-time monitoring experiment process, temperature, it is possible to arrange small-sized automatic weather station at experimental field, on-the-spot climatic condition is monitored.The various data of automatic weather station input record to numerical value work station by between harvester, in order to use in photo analysis.
Embodiment six:
The present embodiment is a kind of method of monitoring using monitoring system described in above-described embodiment to carry out highway wheel globule atomization radius.
The work process of the present embodiment is: when vehicle section by experiment time, wheel continues to travel on after rain uniformly hydrops road surface, its back wheels of vehicle road pavement hydrops produces atomizing effect, high-speed camera instrument is disposed in road side, dispose black backboard at opposite side, through out-of-date, its trailing wheel globule spray pattern is continuously shot (1000 time/second) at vehicle.
Experiment can adopt three kinds of experimental programs:
(1) in same section, identical hydrops deep road surface experiment vehicle carry out many experiments with different speeds.
(2) test vehicle on the road surface of same section difference depth of accumulated water and carry out many experiments with identical speed.
(3) different sections of highway (earth's surface roughness is different), depth of accumulated water is identical, and experiment vehicle carries out many experiments with identical speed.
The transparency utilizing the photo that described many experiments utilizes described high-speed camera instrument to shoot by numerical value work station carries out grid analysis, remove contextual factor (such as temperature, illumination, wind speed, humidity etc.) and the globule is atomized the impact of radius, analyze the transparency of photo and the relation of globule atomization radius.
The globule atomization radius of experimental analysis includes:
(1) the atomization radius of minute yardstick refers to the radius of the simple grain globule after car, and formula can be expressed asR 1=f 1(P,V), globule radius is photo grid transparencyPKinetic energy (speed) with vehicleVDeng function, and the light-transparency of grid is by the impact of visible wavelength, studies according to English physicist Rayleigh, and the wavelength biquadratic of molecular scattering intensity and incident illumination is inversely proportional to.
(2) the atomization radius of large scale, namely after car atomization steam global shape and density, its except with photo grid transparencyPKinetic energy with vehicleVRelevant, also with the surface pond degree of depthD, earth's surface roughness coefficienREtc. relevant, the formula of atomization radius can be expressed asR 2=f 2(P,V,D,R).The equipment of patent of the present invention offer and computational methods compensate for the technology vacancy of the monitoring of evaporation from soil surface Hydrodynamic Process in short-term that Human disturbance is got down the highway, it is possible to effectively measure wheel globule atomization radius.
Method described in the present embodiment specifically include following steps:
The step of choice experiment condition: for according to requirement of experiment, selecting roughness, speed, depth of accumulated water different.The conditions such as experiment condition includes: different road surface roughnesses, different speeds, the different depth of water, test, for different experimental conditions, in order to arrange various experiment parameter.
The step of choice experiment section erection detection equipment: for according to experiment condition, selecting the section same or like with experiment condition, erection high-speed camera instrument and black backboard, form pilot region.Constraint according to experiment condition, selects suitable experiment section.Owing to being field trial, also to select according to local meteorology, weather conditions.
The step of on-site data gathering: for the data such as on-the-spot wind direction, wind speed, gas epidemic disaster, illumination, atmospheric transparency are acquired.Before experimentation starts, and these parameters will be detected in experimentation.The mode of detection can be manually use various detecting instruments to detect, it is possible to use automatic weather station detects automatically.
The step of shooting: for when selected vehicle crosses Experimental Area, shoots being atomized produced by described vehicle rear wheel, and captured atomization scene is placed in the background of black backboard.The camera site of the best should be selected during shooting, namely by when black backboard in car, at a high speed, continuous print shoot, the atomization of all generations is all shot in the picture.
Remove the step of contextual factor: for captured photo is processed, remove the impact of temperature, illumination, wind speed, humidity.Various climate parameters according to collection in worksite, and measure parameter, the background of photo is analyzed, removes all interference, in order to accurate acquisition atomization analysis result.
The step of atomization analysis: for captured go out photo carry out atomization analysis, calculate atomization globule radius.Radius by minute yardstick and two aspect analysis atomization globules of large scale.
Embodiment seven:
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment six, is the embodiment six refinement about experiment condition.Experiment condition described in the present embodiment is:
In same section, the road surface experiment vehicle of identical depth of accumulated water carries out many experiments with different speeds.Speed is different, and the atomizing effect of its generation is also different, and speed is more high, is atomized more strong, and the radius of the globule is more little, finds out the relation between speed and globule radius by experiment.
In same section, the road surface experiment vehicle of different depth of accumulated water carries out many experiments with identical speed.Depth of accumulated water is different, the spraying effect of its generation also difference to some extent.Depth of accumulated water is also fairly obvious on the impact of atomization globule radius, and the relation between depth of accumulated water and atomization globule radius needs deep research.
In the section that earth's surface roughness is different, depth of accumulated water is identical, and experiment vehicle carries out many experiments with identical speed.Earth's surface roughness is also the key factor of impact atomization globule radius, and in certain roughness situation, the radius of the globule is maximum, it is also desirable to concrete condition is studied.
Embodiment eight:
The present embodiment is the improvement of above-described embodiment, be embodiment is the refinement about style of shooting.The mode of the shooting described in the present embodiment is for being continuously shot, and filming frequency is 1000 times/second.
Being continuously shot of high speed, all moments that could be passed through by vehicle are recorded, in order to select best figure to carry out atomization globule radius analysis.
Embodiment nine:
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment six, is that embodiment six is about the refinement calculating atomization globule radius.Calculating atomization globule radius described in the present embodiment is: the atomization radius of minute yardstick refers to the radius of the simple grain globule after car, and the radius formula being atomized the globule for minute yardstick is expressed asR 1=f 1(P,V), globule radius is photo grid transparencyPKinetic energy with vehicleVFunction, and the light-transparency of grid is by the impact of visible wavelength.The atomization radius of minute yardstick is from several microns to several thousand microns, to the microscale analytical being atomized globule radius, contributes to probing into the mechanism of microcosmic water circulation phase-state change under external kinetic energy affects.
Embodiment ten:
The present embodiment is the improvement of embodiment six, is that embodiment six is about the refinement calculating atomization globule radius.Described in the present embodiment calculating atomization globule radius be: the atomization radius of large scale, namely after car atomization steam global shape and density, its except with photo grid transparencyPKinetic energy with vehicleVRelevant, also with the surface pond degree of depthD, earth's surface roughness coefficienRRelevant, the formula of atomization radius can be expressed asR 2=f 2(P,V,D,R).The atomization radius of large scale from several centimetres to tens centimetres, the analysis to spray pattern after car and density, contribute to the Human disturbance Influencing Mechanism to city water cycle and study.
Finally it should be noted that, below only in order to technical scheme to be described and unrestricted, although the present invention being described in detail with reference to preferred arrangement scheme, it will be understood by those within the art that, can to technical scheme (connected mode of such as system, each annexation, step sequencing etc.) modify or equivalent replace, without deviating from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the monitoring system of a highway wheel globule atomization radius, it is characterized in that, including: it is arranged on the high-speed camera instrument of road side, the camera lens of described high-speed camera points to and is perpendicular to road direction, described optical center be positioned at sustained height by the axis wheel of vehicle, the road opposite side relative with described high-speed camera instrument arranges black backboard, and described high-speed camera instrument is connected with numerical value work station, is provided with context analyzer device and atomization analysis device in described numerical value work station.
2. monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described black backboard is provided with surveying marker.
3. monitoring system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described surveying marker is to measure ruler, infrared exoelectron dip stick.
4. monitoring system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the one being provided with in grid lines, vertical coordinate system or grid chi of described black backboard.
5., according to the monitoring system one of claim 1-4 Suo Shu, it is characterised in that described numerical value work station is connected with data acquisition unit, described data acquisition unit is connected with on-the-spot weather station.
6. the method for the monitoring using monitoring system described in claim 1 to carry out highway wheel globule atomization radius, it is characterised in that described method comprises the steps:
The step of choice experiment condition: for according to requirement of experiment, selecting roughness, speed, depth of accumulated water different；
The step of choice experiment section erection detection equipment: for according to experiment condition, selecting the section same or like with experiment condition, erection high-speed camera instrument and black backboard, form pilot region；
The step of on-site data gathering: for on-the-spot wind direction, wind speed, gas epidemic disaster, illumination, atmospheric transparency data be acquired；
The step of shooting: for when selected vehicle crosses Experimental Area, shoots being atomized produced by described vehicle rear wheel, and captured atomization scene is placed in the background of black backboard；
Remove the step of contextual factor: for captured photo is processed, remove the impact of temperature, illumination, wind speed, humidity；
The step of atomization analysis: for captured go out photo carry out atomization analysis, calculate atomization globule radius.
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described experiment condition is:
In same section, the road surface experiment vehicle of identical depth of accumulated water carries out many experiments with different speeds；
In same section, the road surface experiment vehicle of different depth of accumulated water carries out many experiments with identical speed；
In the section that earth's surface roughness is different, depth of accumulated water is identical, and experiment vehicle carries out many experiments with identical speed.
8. the method according to claim 6 or 7, it is characterised in that the mode of described shooting is for being continuously shot, and filming frequency is 1000 times/second.
9. method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described calculating atomization globule radius is: the atomization radius of minute yardstick refers to the radius of the simple grain globule after car, and the radius formula being atomized the globule for minute yardstick is expressed asR 1=f 1(P,V), globule radius is photo grid transparencyPKinetic energy with vehicleVFunction, and the light-transparency of grid is by the impact of visible wavelength.
10. method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described calculating atomization globule radius is: the atomization radius of large scale, i.e. the steam global shape of atomization and density after car, its except with photo grid transparencyPKinetic energy with vehicleVRelevant, also with the surface pond degree of depthD, earth's surface roughness coefficienRRelevant, the formula of atomization radius can be expressed asR 2=f 2(P,V,D,R).
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