CN1057569C - Rare earth tungsten electrode material - Google Patents
Rare earth tungsten electrode material Download PDFInfo
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- CN1057569C CN1057569C CN98102852A CN98102852A CN1057569C CN 1057569 C CN1057569 C CN 1057569C CN 98102852 A CN98102852 A CN 98102852A CN 98102852 A CN98102852 A CN 98102852A CN 1057569 C CN1057569 C CN 1057569C
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- electrode
- rare earth
- tungsten
- tungsten electrode
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rare earth tungsten electrode material, which contains La2O3、Y2O3And CeO2Any two of the three rare earth oxides, each rare earth oxide having a content of 0.45 to 1.75 wt%, and the total content of the rare earth oxides being 2 to 2.2 wt%. The electrodes with various specifications are manufactured through the procedures of reduction, compression, pre-sintering, vertical melting sintering, rotary swaging and the like. The electrode has good arc striking performance and longer service life than thorium tungsten and cerium tungsten electrodes, and can be used for inert gas shielded welding, plasma welding, cutting, spraying, smelting and special electric light sources.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of rare-earth tungsten electrode material, this electrode can be used as in inert-gas arc welding and plasma welding, cutting, spraying, melting and the particular electrical light source.
Tungsten electrode is the critical material in inert-gas arc welding and plasma welding, cutting, spraying, melting and the particular electrical light source, and using more at present is that thorium tungsten electrode (contains ThO
2) and the cerium tungsten electrode (contain CeO
2).Thorium tungsten electrode all will bring radiological hazard to environment and HUMAN HEALTH in its production and use; The cerium tungsten electrode only can replace thorium tungsten electrode in the small dimension welding aspect tungsten electrode.
At present, Japan has developed a kind of La that contains respectively
2O
3, Y
2O
3And CeO
2Unit rare-earth tungsten electrode material (JP62-93075, open day: on October 27th, 94).Baotou tombar thite institute has developed a kind of unit rare earth oxide (Y that is added with
2O
3, La
2O
3, Nd
2O
3, Gd
2O
3) and the unit rare-earth tungsten electrode material of alkali metal compound (CN1041556A, open day: on April 25th, 90).
Above-mentioned various rare-earth tungsten electrode material all has merits and demerits separately: the cerium tungsten electrode (contains CeO
2) good processability, when little electric current uses, have arc stability preferably, but its striking poor performance repeatedly, current interruption easily, arc pressure and electric current allowable are little; Lanthanum-tungsten electrode (contains La
2O
3) arc stability and electrode anti-scorching performance are good when medium and small current work, but its poor processability, scaling loss is serious when big electric current uses; The yttrium tungsten electrode (contains Y
2O
3) arc pressure is big when using, the anti-scorching performance of electrode is good when big current work, but its processing difficulties, arc stability is poor when little electric current uses.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of "dead" pollution and the good rare-earth tungsten electrode material of use properties.
Rare-earth tungsten electrode material provided by the invention, it consists of La
2O
3And Y
2O
3, La
2O
3And CeO
2, Y
2O
3And CeO
2Two kinds of rare earth oxides, all the other are W, and every kind of rare earth oxide content is 0.45～1.75% (weight), and the total content of rare earth oxide is 2～2.2% (weight).
Adding rare earth oxide in the tungsten is in order to substitute active thorium, to improve the electron emissivity of electrode simultaneously.Adding two kinds of rare earth oxides is (to contain CeO for electrode materials is had than cerium tungsten electrode
2), lanthanum-tungsten electrode (contains La
2O
3), the yttrium tungsten electrode (contains Y
2O
3) and thorium tungsten electrode (contain ThO
2) more superior use properties the time, also have good processing properties.
The present invention adopts following preparation method: (1) is mixed with solution with rare earth nitrate, is incorporated into WO
3In the powder, dry after twice hydrogen reducing under 500～540 ℃ and 640～920 ℃ of temperature makes tungsten powder.(2) tungsten powder is through die mould, 1200 ± 50 ℃ of presintering, at the sagging knot that fuses of 90% fusing current, after swage and chain draws the electrode that is processed into all size.
Below accompanying drawing is carried out the drawing explanation:
Fig. 1: electrode transfer curve figure.
Embodiment:
1. press the 1.1%La of tungsten powder weight
2O
3, 1.1%Y
2O
3Take by weighing lanthanum nitrate, Yttrium trinitrate (according to oxide weight conversion nitrate amount) is mixed with mixing solutions, is incorporated into WO
3In the powder, fully stir evaporate to dryness and drying after, earlier after twice hydrogen reducing under 500～540 ℃ and 640～920 ℃ of temperature makes tungsten powder.Tungsten powder is pressed into heavy 650 grams, and volume is 12 * 12 * 400mm
3Square bar, through 1200 ± 50 ℃ of presintering after 40 minutes, again through the incipient fusion sintering.The sintered blank bar is through swaging and chain/be drawn into the electrode of φ 6.5mm, φ 3.2mm, φ 2.4mm, φ 2.0mm, φ 1.6mm, several specifications of φ 1.0mm.
2. press the 1.75%La of tungsten powder weight
2O
3, 0.45%CeO
2Take by weighing lanthanum nitrate cerous nitrate (according to oxide weight conversion nitrate amount) and be mixed with mixing solutions, be incorporated into WO
3In the powder, fully stir evaporate to dryness and drying after, earlier after twice hydrogen reducing under 500～540 ℃ and 640～920 ℃ of temperature makes tungsten powder.Tungsten powder is pressed into heavy 650 grams, and volume is 12 * 12 * 400mm
3Square bar, through 1200 ± 50 ℃ of presintering after 40 minutes, again through the incipient fusion sintering.The sintered blank bar is drawn into the electrode of φ 6.5mm, φ 3.2mm, φ 2.4mm, φ 2.0mm, φ 1.6mm, several specifications of φ 1.0mm with chain through swaging.
3. press the 1.75%Y of tungsten powder weight
2O
3, 0.45%CeO
2Take by weighing Yttrium trinitrate, cerous nitrate (according to oxide weight conversion nitrate amount) is mixed with mixing solutions, is incorporated into WO
3In the powder, fully stir evaporate to dryness and drying after, earlier after twice hydrogen reducing under 500～540 ℃ and 640～920 ℃ of temperature makes tungsten powder.Tungsten powder is pressed into heavy 650 grams, and volume is 12 * 12 * 400mm
3Square bar, through 1200 ± 50 ℃ of presintering after 40 minutes, again through the incipient fusion sintering.The sintered blank bar is drawn into the electrode of φ 6.5mm, φ 3.2mm, φ 2.4mm, φ 2.0mm, φ 1.6mm, several specifications of φ 1.0mm with chain through swaging.
Following counter electrode use properties is tested.The cerium tungsten electrode and the thorium tungsten electrode of widespread use compare in test result and the at present domestic and international industrial production.
Electrode numbering 1: contain 1.1% (weight) La
2O
3, 1.1% (weight) Y
2O
3, all the other are W.
Electrode numbering 2: contain 1.75% (weight) La
2O
3, 0.45% (weight) CeO
2, all the other are W.
Electrode numbering 3: contain 1.75% (weight) Y
2O
3, 0.45% (weight) CeO
2, all the other are W.
Electrode numbering 4: contain 2.2% (weight) CeO
2Cerium tungsten electrode (Beijing Tungsten and Molybdenum Materials Factory's product), this electrode is a comparison electrode.
Electrode numbering 5: contain 2.0% (weight) ThO
2Thorium tungsten electrode (U.S. Hua Chang company product), this electrode is a comparison electrode.
1～No. 5 electrode is all selected φ 2.4mm polishing electrode for use, the electrode tips cone angle is 45 °, straight polarity direct current (tungsten electrode connects negative pole), high-frequency arc strike are all adopted in all experiments, and power unit adopts ZS500 type silicon rectifier welder, GNP-300 type welding machine controlling box and the capable voltate regulator of 100KVA.
1. striking test: anode is a water-cooled brass.Through preliminary striking, determine to begin to carry out the striking test from voltage 28V, press 1V voltage spaces rising open circuit voltage, carry out striking test 30 times under each voltage, each beat that the starting the arc is the striking success in the high frequency 1 second, the starting the arc is that striking lags behind in 1～10 second, and surpassing 10 seconds then is that striking is failed.Each electrode critical striking voltage value of table 1 for obtaining under this experiment condition.
Table 1 striking test-results
| The electrode numbering | Critical striking voltage (V) |
| 1 | 34 |
| 2 | 32 |
| 3 | 29 |
| 4 | 35 |
| 5 | 36 |
Tungsten electrode is when striking and after the starting the arc just, and electrode surface does not also have to be heated to sufficiently high temperature, so it can't be worked as hot-cathode.High-frequency arc strike is exactly that effect by high-frequency voltage makes between electrode and the mother metal and produces spark discharge, causes space ionization, makes loop current increase to the arc-over scope gradually.In this process, electrode is subjected to the collision of negative ions, obtains energy, and the electrode surface temperature raises.This shows, the fine or not decisive role of the work function counter electrode striking performance of electrode surface, if the electrode surface work function is low more, it is just low more that electrode produces the required temperature of thermal electron emission, it is also just few more that loop current carries out the transition to the arc-over required time, i.e. the easy more success of striking.
As can be seen from Table 1: the striking performance of the rare-earth tungsten electrode of No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 group all thorium tungsten electrode of the cerium tungsten electrode than No. 4 and No. 5 is good, and wherein the striking performance of No. 3 electrodes is best.
2. longevity test: straight polarity direct current (tungsten electrode connects negative pole), electric current 240A, arc time 20min.With the variation of electrode quality before and after the experiment of DP-100 optical analysis balance measurement, test-results is as shown in table 2.
As can be seen from Table 2, quality reduces minimum before and after 1,2, No. 3 rare-earth tungsten electrode arcing of the present invention's development, and its anti-scorching performance is better than rare earth cerium tungsten electrode No. 4.
Table 2 longevity test result
3. static characteristic of arc test: anode is a water-cooled copper, and argon flow amount 8L/min, welding machine open circuit voltage are 70V, and arc length 3mm, electrode stretch out gas guide nozzle length 6mm.After the arcing.Rapidly loop current is transferred to 40A, when electric current is 20A, 30A, 40A, 50A, 60A, 80A, 100A and 140A, treat the arc stability burning respectively, measure pairing steady state voltage value, make current voltage characteristic, i.e. transfer curve, testing data is as shown in table 3.
| The electrode numbering | Quality (g) before the arcing | Quality after the arcing (g) | Quality reduces (mg) |
| 1 | 7.0405 | 7.0370 | 3.5 |
| 2 | 6.7543 | 6.7511 | 3.2 |
| 3 | 7.2746 | 7.2715 | 3.1 |
| 4 | 7.1928 | 7.1886 | 4.2 |
| 5 | 7.2377 | 7.2332 | 4.5 |
Table 3 transfer curve testing data
As can be seen from Figure 1, under identical working current, the open circuit voltage of 1,2, No. 3 rare-earth tungsten electrode is starkly lower than thorium tungsten electrode No. 5, shows that the hot-electron emission property of rare-earth tungsten electrode is better than thorium tungsten electrode, and arc stability is good.
Above result of the test shows: the performance of the rare-earth tungsten electrode of the present invention's development all is better than present cerium tungsten electrode and the thorium tungsten electrode that has been applied, and their performance respectively has again characteristics. No. 1 electrode serviceability (comprising striking, stabilising arc and anti-scorching performance etc.) is slightly good, and the direct current welding of the AC welding when being applicable to little electric current and medium and small electric current (with respect to the allowable current of certain specification electrode) is used; Arc stability during No. 2 little electric currents of electrode, the electric arc compressibility is good, and arc pressure is large, uses when being applicable to little electric current welding; The striking voltage of No. 3 electrodes is minimum, and arc stability is good, and arc pressure is large, and arc heat power is large, and especially more outstanding when large electric current, electrode anti-scorching performance is best, be applicable to AC welding and in direct current welding in the large current range.
Claims (1)
1. rare-earth tungsten electrode material, it is characterized in that: it consists of La
2O
3, Y
2O
3And CeO
2In three kinds of rare earth oxides any two kinds, all the other are W, and by weight percentage, every kind of rare earth oxide content is 0.45～1.75%, and the total content of rare earth oxide is 2～2.2%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98102852A CN1057569C (en) | 1998-07-14 | 1998-07-14 | Rare earth tungsten electrode material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98102852A CN1057569C (en) | 1998-07-14 | 1998-07-14 | Rare earth tungsten electrode material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1204696A CN1204696A (en) | 1999-01-13 |
| CN1057569C true CN1057569C (en) | 2000-10-18 |
Family
ID=5217611
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98102852A Expired - Lifetime CN1057569C (en) | 1998-07-14 | 1998-07-14 | Rare earth tungsten electrode material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1057569C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101928866A (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2010-12-29 | 西安理工大学 | W-Cu composite material prepared from La-Ni intensified-sintered W skeleton and preparation method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008108579A (en) * | 2006-10-25 | 2008-05-08 | Hitachi Powdered Metals Co Ltd | Electrode for cold cathode fluorescent lamp |
| CN100429010C (en) * | 2007-05-11 | 2008-10-29 | 北京工业大学 | Mode for wire drawing electrode material of multielement composite rare earth tungsten |
| CN102000923A (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2011-04-06 | 天津市春风钨业有限公司 | Multi-element composite rare earth tungsten electrode material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103866171A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2014-06-18 | 北矿新材科技有限公司 | Sintering method of rare earth tungsten electrode blank strip |
| CN103045886B (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2015-02-11 | 大连理工大学 | Method for preparing rare-earth-tungsten electrode material |
| CN104438390B (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2016-12-07 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Double-wire drawing method of rare earth tungsten electrode material |
| CN107190195A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-09-22 | 鹤山市沃得钨钼实业有限公司 | A kind of W-REO alloys crucible and its manufacture method |
| CN114855046B (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2023-06-02 | 浙江东尼电子股份有限公司 | Tungsten alloy wire and preparation method thereof |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1041556A (en) * | 1988-10-04 | 1990-04-25 | 冶金工业部包头稀土研究院 | Rare-earth tungsten electrode material and production method thereof |
-
1998
- 1998-07-14 CN CN98102852A patent/CN1057569C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1041556A (en) * | 1988-10-04 | 1990-04-25 | 冶金工业部包头稀土研究院 | Rare-earth tungsten electrode material and production method thereof |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101928866A (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2010-12-29 | 西安理工大学 | W-Cu composite material prepared from La-Ni intensified-sintered W skeleton and preparation method thereof |
| CN101928866B (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2012-09-05 | 西安理工大学 | W-Cu composite material prepared from La-Ni intensified-sintered W skeleton and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1204696A (en) | 1999-01-13 |
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