CN105755394A - Corrosion-resistant easy-to-shape special steel and processing method thereof - Google Patents
Corrosion-resistant easy-to-shape special steel and processing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105755394A CN105755394A CN201610348722.5A CN201610348722A CN105755394A CN 105755394 A CN105755394 A CN 105755394A CN 201610348722 A CN201610348722 A CN 201610348722A CN 105755394 A CN105755394 A CN 105755394A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/28—Normalising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/40—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
- C23C8/42—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions only one element being applied
- C23C8/44—Carburising
- C23C8/46—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides corrosion-resistant easy-to-shape special steel. The corrosion-resistant easy-to-shape special steel is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 0.05-0.1% of carbon, 19-21% of chromium, 4-8% of nickel, 0.1-0.12% of copper, 0.4-0.5% of tungsten, 0.4-0.5% of magnesium, 0.1-0.12% of molybdenum and the balance of iron. The special steel provided by the invention can be applied to equipment spare parts which are resistant to corrosion of nitric acid, cold phosphoric acid, organic acid and salt, and aqueous alkali. The type of alloy materials is increased, the proportion component of various material elements is adjusted, and during preparation of materials, the nickel, the chromium, the copper, the tungsten, the magnesium, the molybdenum and the like are added, so that the special steel contains a reasonable compounding ratio of elements including the nickel, the chromium, the copper, the tungsten, the magnesium, the molybdenum and the like, is easy to process and shape, and has certain shock absorbing properties; the corrosion resistance of the special steel is greatly improved, the problem that spare parts are easy to get rusty is solved, and the service life of the special steel is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology field, be specifically related to a kind of special steel and processing method thereof.
Background technology
Special steel is also steel alloy.In carbon steel, add one or more alloying elements in appropriate amount, make the organizational structure of steel change, so that steel has various different property.
Steel alloy kind is a lot, generally how much is divided into low-alloy steel (content<5%) by alloying element content, medium alloy steel (content 5%～10%), high-alloy steel (content>10%)；It is divided into superior alloy steel, speciality steel alloy by quality；Structural alloy steel, rustless steel, acid resisting steel, abrasion-resistant stee, heat resisting steel, alloy tool steel, roller bearing steel, alloy spring steel and property steel (such as magnetically soft steel, permanent-magnet steel, nonmagnetic steel) etc. it are divided into again by characteristic and purposes.In steel except iron content, carbon and a small amount of inevitably silicon, manganese, phosphorus, element sulphur, possibly together with a certain amount of alloying element, alloying element in steel has silicon, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, presses against, vitriol, titanium, niobium, boron, lead, rare earth etc. therein one or more, this steel is steel alloy.The steel alloy system of various countries, different with use condition and different with respective resource situation, production, abroad once develop nickel in the past, press against steel system, China then find based on silicon, manganese, vanadium, titanium, niobium, boron, lead, rare earth steel alloy system steel alloy in the total output of steel, account for tens percent, be usually in electric furnace smelt steel alloy can be divided into 8 big classes by purposes, they are: structural alloy steel, spring steel, bearing steel, alloy tool steel, high-speed tool steel, rustless steel, oxida-tion-resistant steel, electrician's silicon steel.
In the industrial production, some parts in some chemical production equipment in use not only will through frayed, and the corrosion of resistance to nitric acid, cold phosphoric acid, organic acid and salt, aqueous slkali simultaneously is therefore comparatively harsh to the requirement of steel.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: for the particular/special requirement of some chemical industry equipment part in prior art, first purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of corrosion-resistant easy molding special steel, the processing method that it is a further object to provide this corrosion-resistant easy molding special steel.
Technical scheme: corrosion-resistant easy molding special steel provided by the present invention, its composition by weight percent is: containing carbon 0.05～0.1%, chromium 19～21%, nickel 4～8%, copper 0.1～0.12%, tungsten 0.4～0.5%, magnesium 0.4～0.5%, molybdenum 0.1～0.12%, all the other are ferrum.
We have discovered that in common carbon steel, add chromium and can be effectively improved hardenability and the tempering resistance of steel, improve the intensity of steel, and chromium can also reduce the activity of carbon, improve the leaching carbon of steel, and forming fine carbide, it is possible to decrease steel surface decarburization and graphitization in heating, rolling and heat treatment process are inclined to, and improve toughness and mar proof；But, during chromium too high levels, forming the carbide of chromium on the contrary in a large number, the bullet worsening steel subtracts performance and toughness.Therefore, in the present invention, controlling the content of chromium in steel is 19～21% (percentage by weights), and optimum content is 20%.
Meanwhile, add a small amount of nickel, be resistant to various acid corrosion and stress corrosion, and more tough and tensile, it being magnetic and good plasticity, welding performance might as well；Higher intensity and antioxidation, resistance to combustion gas corrosion ability is had under 650～1000 DEG C of high temperature.In the present invention, controlling the content of nickel in steel is 4%～8%, and optimum content is 7%.
Furthermore it has been found that the addition copper of trace, tungsten can improve the performance of steel atmospheric corrosion resistance.
In addition, add a small amount of magnesium and molybdenum, the crystal grain fine uniform more of steel can be made, easy machine-shaping, comparing to common iron, it possesses certain damping characteristic simultaneously, while possessing higher wearability and heat-resisting quantity, possesses certain damping performance, thus meeting some application demands that comfortableness, safety is higher.
One preferred version of the present invention is: described corrosion-resistant easy molding special steel, and its composition by weight percent is: containing carbon 0.08%, chromium 20%, nickel 7%, copper 0.1%, tungsten 0.4%, magnesium 0.45%, molybdenum 0.11%, all the other are ferrum.
Further, we have found that if adding the niobium of trace in technique scheme, the corrosion resistance of steel can be further enhanced, research finds, reason is in that the present invention is when carrying out heat treatment, presents the tissue of austenite+carbide, the existence of carbide, the corrosion resistance of steel is had a significant impact, and austenite heats at 450～850 DEG C, owing to crystal boundary precipitates out the carbide Cr of chromium23C6So that the chrome content near crystal boundary reduces, and causes intercrystalline corrosion.Therefore, we add the niobium of trace wherein, are combined formation NbC with carbon so as to preferential, and its stability is high so that chromium retains in the base, it is to avoid the lean chromium of crystal boundary, thus alleviating firm grain boundary corrosion tendency.Additionally, NbC precipitates out in Dispersed precipitate at intracrystalline, and not easily grow up under high temperature, it is possible to improve the elevated temperature strength of the present invention.For the present invention, when the content of niobium is 0.3～0.8%, the most properly, it is preferable that 0.37%.
A present invention preferred version containing niobium is: described corrosion-resistant easy molding special steel, and its composition by weight percent is: containing carbon 0.08%, chromium 20%, nickel 7%, copper 0.1%, tungsten 0.4%, magnesium 0.45%, molybdenum 0.11%, niobium 0.37%, all the other are ferrum.
The invention also discloses the method that above-mentioned special steel obtains, comprise the following steps: blanking, forging, normalizing, processing, carburizing, delayed quenching, lonneal, surface treatment.
Described forging, its temperature is 1530～1580 DEG C, heat treatment diffusion annealing temperature 1100～1150 DEG C, 4～6 hours, solid solution temperature 1050～1150 DEG C, 2 hours, and Ageing Treatment is 560 DEG C.
Described normalizing temperature is 950 DEG C～970 DEG C.
Described carburizing, carburizing temperature is 920 DEG C, and the time is 6～8h, with acetone for carburizer.
Described delayed quenching is, is cooled to 870～880 DEG C in advance, then carries out oil cooling, is cooled to room temperature.
Described tempering is tempering 2～3h when 200 DEG C.
Beneficial effect: special steel provided by the present invention can apply to the equipment part of resistance to nitric acid, cold phosphoric acid, organic acid and salt, aqueous slkali corrosion.Add alloy material classification, have adjusted the proportional components of various material element, nickel, chromium, copper, tungsten, magnesium, molybdenum etc. are increased in preparing material, make in special steel containing elements such as the nickel of rational proportion, chromium, copper, tungsten, magnesium, molybdenums, easy machine-shaping, possesses certain damping performance, it is greatly increased the corrosion resistance of special steel material, solves the problem that part easily gets rusty, extend its service life.
Detailed description of the invention:
Embodiment 1
The composition of special steel is: carbon 0.05%, chromium 19%, nickel 4%, copper 0.1%, tungsten 0.4%, magnesium 0.4%, molybdenum 0.1%, and all the other are ferrum.
Its processing method is: according to aforementioned proportion, carries out proportioning raw materials, mixing, blanking.
Forging temperature is 1530～1580 DEG C, heat treatment diffusion annealing temperature 1100～1150 DEG C, 4 hours, solid solution temperature 1050～1150 DEG C, 2 hours.
Normalizing temperature is 950 DEG C～970 DEG C.Processing, then carburizing, carburizing temperature is 920 DEG C, and the time is 6h, with acetone for carburizer.
It is cooled to 870～880 DEG C in advance, then carries out oil quenchinng, to room temperature.The last tempering 2h when 200 DEG C.Product is obtained after surface treatment.After testing, gained special steel hardness is 217HBW.
Embodiment 2
The composition of special steel is: carbon 0.1%, chromium 21%, nickel 8%, copper 0.12%, tungsten 0.5%, magnesium 0.5%, molybdenum 0.12%, and all the other are ferrum.
Its processing method is: according to aforementioned proportion, carries out proportioning raw materials, mixing, blanking.
Forging temperature is 1530～1580 DEG C, heat treatment diffusion annealing temperature 1100～1150 DEG C, 6 hours, solid solution temperature 1050～1150 DEG C, 2 hours.
Normalizing temperature is 950 DEG C～970 DEG C.Processing, then carburizing, carburizing temperature is 920 DEG C, and the time is 8h, with acetone for carburizer.
It is cooled to 870～880 DEG C in advance, then carries out oil quenchinng, to room temperature.The last tempering 3h when 200 DEG C.Product is obtained after surface treatment.After testing, gained special steel hardness is 216HBW.
Embodiment 3
The composition of special steel is: carbon 0.08%, chromium 20%, nickel 7%, copper 0.1%, tungsten 0.4%, magnesium 0.45%, molybdenum 0.11%, and all the other are ferrum.
Its processing method is: according to aforementioned proportion, carries out proportioning raw materials, mixing, blanking.
Forging temperature is 1530～1580 DEG C, heat treatment diffusion annealing temperature 1100～1150 DEG C, 6 hours, solid solution temperature 1050～1150 DEG C, 2 hours.
Normalizing temperature is 950 DEG C～970 DEG C.Processing, then carburizing, carburizing temperature is 920 DEG C, and the time is 6h, with acetone for carburizer.
It is cooled to 870～880 DEG C in advance, then carries out oil quenchinng, to room temperature.The last tempering 3h when 200 DEG C.Product is obtained after surface treatment.After testing, gained special steel hardness is 218HBW.
Embodiment 4
The composition of special steel is: carbon 0.05%, chromium 19%, nickel 4%, copper 0.1%, tungsten 0.4%, magnesium 0.4%, molybdenum 0.1%, niobium 0.3%, and all the other are ferrum.
Its processing method is: according to aforementioned proportion, carries out proportioning raw materials, mixing, blanking.
Forging temperature is 1530～1580 DEG C, heat treatment diffusion annealing temperature 1100～1150 DEG C, 4 hours, solid solution temperature 1050～1150 DEG C, 2 hours.
Normalizing temperature is 950 DEG C～970 DEG C.Processing, then carburizing, carburizing temperature is 920 DEG C, and the time is 6h, with acetone for carburizer.
It is cooled to 870～880 DEG C in advance, then carries out oil quenchinng, to room temperature.The last tempering 2h when 200 DEG C.Product is obtained after surface treatment.After testing, gained special steel hardness is 219HBW.
Embodiment 5
The composition of special steel is: carbon 0.1%, chromium 21%, nickel 8%, copper 0.12%, tungsten 0.5%, magnesium 0.5%, molybdenum 0.12%, niobium 0.8%, and all the other are ferrum.
Its processing method is: according to aforementioned proportion, carries out proportioning raw materials, mixing, blanking.
Forging temperature is 1530～1580 DEG C, heat treatment diffusion annealing temperature 1100～1150 DEG C, 6 hours, solid solution temperature 1050～1150 DEG C, 2 hours.
Normalizing temperature is 950 DEG C～970 DEG C.Processing, then carburizing, carburizing temperature is 920 DEG C, and the time is 8h, with acetone for carburizer.
It is cooled to 870～880 DEG C in advance, then carries out oil quenchinng, to room temperature.The last tempering 3h when 200 DEG C.Product is obtained after surface treatment.After testing, gained special steel hardness is 219HBW.
Embodiment 6
The composition of special steel is: carbon 0.08%, chromium 20%, nickel 7%, copper 0.1%, tungsten 0.4%, magnesium 0.45%, molybdenum 0.11%, niobium 0.37%, and all the other are ferrum.
Its processing method is: according to aforementioned proportion, carries out proportioning raw materials, mixing, blanking.
Forging temperature is 1530～1580 DEG C, heat treatment diffusion annealing temperature 1100～1150 DEG C, 6 hours, solid solution temperature 1050～1150 DEG C, 2 hours.
Normalizing temperature is 950 DEG C～970 DEG C.Processing, then carburizing, carburizing temperature is 920 DEG C, and the time is 6h, with acetone for carburizer.
It is cooled to 870～880 DEG C in advance, then carries out oil quenchinng, to room temperature.The last tempering 3h when 200 DEG C.Product is obtained after surface treatment.After testing, gained special steel hardness is 220HBW.
Contrast test: above-mentioned obtained special steel is carried out corrosion-resistant test, is respectively placed in containing CO2、H2S, steam closed pressure vessel in, in 70 DEG C, constant temperature is after 48 hours.Acquired results is as follows: (in table, numerical value is: Mass lost percentage ratio)
| CO2 | H2S | |
| Conventional carbon steel | 0.9 | 1.2 |
| Conventional rustless steel | 0.1 | 0.2 |
| Embodiment 1 | 0 | 0.03 |
| Embodiment 2 | 0 | 0.04 |
| Embodiment 3 | 0 | 0.02 |
| Embodiment 4 | 0 | 0 |
| Embodiment 5 | 0 | 0 |
| Embodiment 6 | 0 | 0 |
More than implementing row and the present invention does not constitute restriction, relevant staff is in the scope not necessarily departing from the technology of the present invention thought, and what carry out various changes and modifications, and all falls within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a corrosion-resistant easy molding special steel, composition is based on ferrum, it is characterised in that control carbon content be 0.05～0.1%, described special steel also include chromium, nickel, copper, tungsten, magnesium, molybdenum.
2. corrosion-resistant easy molding special steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that each composition by weight percent of described special steel is:
Carbon 0.05～0.1%,
Chromium 19～21%,
Nickel 4～8%,
Copper 0.1～0.12%,
Tungsten 0.4～0.5%,
Magnesium 0.4～0.5%,
Molybdenum 0.1～0.12%,
Iron surplus.
3. corrosion-resistant easy molding special steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that each composition by weight percent of described special steel is:
Carbon 0.08%,
Chromium 20%,
Nickel 7%,
Copper 0.1%,
Tungsten 0.4%,
Magnesium 0.45%,
Molybdenum 0.11%,
Iron surplus.
4. corrosion-resistant easy molding special steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that possibly together with niobium 0.3～0.8% in its composition.
5. the processing method of the corrosion-resistant easy molding special steel as described in Claims 1 to 4, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps: blanking, forging, normalizing, processing, carburizing, delayed quenching, lonneal, surface treatment.
6. the processing method of corrosion-resistant easy molding special steel according to claim 5, it is characterised in that during forging, its temperature is 1530～1580 DEG C, heat treatment diffusion annealing temperature 1100～1150 DEG C, 4～6 hours, solid solution temperature 1050～1150 DEG C, 2 hours.
7. the processing method of corrosion-resistant easy molding special steel according to claim 5, it is characterised in that normalizing temperature is 950 DEG C～970 DEG C.
8. the processing method of corrosion-resistant easy molding special steel according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described carburizing, carburizing temperature is 920 DEG C, and the time is 6～8h, with acetone for carburizer.
9. the processing method of corrosion-resistant easy molding special steel according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described delayed quenching is, is cooled to 870～880 DEG C in advance, then carries out oil cooling, is cooled to room temperature.
10. the processing method of corrosion-resistant easy molding special steel according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described tempering is tempering 2～3h when 200 DEG C.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112662942A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-04-16 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Damping steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN116024489A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2023-04-28 | 江苏新华合金有限公司 | 316H plate and production process thereof |
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| CN102373400A (en) * | 2011-10-25 | 2012-03-14 | 哈尔滨汇隆汽车箱桥有限公司 | Heat treatment method of spiral bevel gear of cargo truck on double-row rare earth carburization equipment |
| CN104195567A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-12-10 | 杭州前进齿轮箱集团股份有限公司 | Cemented quenching heat treatment method of automobile engine gears |
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2016
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| CN101171351A (en) * | 2005-04-28 | 2008-04-30 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | Stainless steel pipe for oil well excellent in enlarging characteristics |
| CN102162069A (en) * | 2010-02-23 | 2011-08-24 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Flying-shear main-transmission gearwheel steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN102373400A (en) * | 2011-10-25 | 2012-03-14 | 哈尔滨汇隆汽车箱桥有限公司 | Heat treatment method of spiral bevel gear of cargo truck on double-row rare earth carburization equipment |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112662942A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-04-16 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Damping steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN112662942B (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2022-04-19 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Damping steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN116024489A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2023-04-28 | 江苏新华合金有限公司 | 316H plate and production process thereof |
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