CN105748040B - Stereochemical structure function imaging system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of stereochemical structure function imaging system, including：Frequency domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem, using low-coherent light as light source, by light source by being input to coupler after Polarization Controller, back to coupler to form coherent states field after light splitting to reference arm and sample arm；Fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem can have multiple optional light sources, be adjusted to light path in x ray machine part, obtain the light source of predetermined power, will be in the sample arm of the light source couples to frequency domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem；Front end Scan Architecture subsystem, for by the sample of the light source of fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem and coherence in frequency domain fault imaging subsystem optically coupling in same light path, using two-dimensional scanning mirrors to outgoing optical scanning to form the dot matrix image of two-dimensional structure, and it includes surface fluorescence signal and structure tomography stereo-picture to constitute accordingly.The present invention has the advantages that high resolution, at low cost, system stability is good, reliability is high and non-invasively imaged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to medical imaging technical field, more particularly to a kind of stereochemical structure function imaging system.
Background technology
Central nervous system pathological change has become the big killer for threatening human life, high lethality caused by it and disables
Rate and receive people concern.Currently, operation be effect a radical cure central nervous system pathological change, tumour prefered method, and it is high-resolution
Structure and function image will be provided for operation and accurately be guided.Divide since current imaging Analysis checkout and diagnosis means exist
Resolution is low, has the shortcomings that radioactivity, the imaging of single structure function, therefore develops radiationless, high-resolution, integrated morphology function
The equipment of imaging is vital, and the imaging of structure function is the important means to solve the above problems.
Recognized in currently used art lesion, the method for tumour be mainly x-ray in intraoperative ultrasound, art, frozen section analysis,
The analysis methods such as cytology of impression slide, but these methods have respective shortcomings and limitations.Intraoperative ultrasound detection needs to contact
And also need to increase couplant, while spatial resolution can only achieve grade, it is difficult to accurately differentiate tumour and lesion；In art
The resolution ratio of x-ray is also relatively low, and has radioactivity, while sensitivity is also relatively low compared with low specificity；Time-consuming for frozen section,
It is of high cost；Printingout cell analysis is only able to detect the tissue on surface, can not but be detected to deep tissues.Therefore current detection side
Method is also needed to continuously improve and be improved.Photoacoustic imaging gradually becomes research hotspot, but photoacoustic imaging microns up to a hundred in recent years
Spatial resolution for being relatively low from the point of view of in accurately cell level.
Frequency domain optical-coherence tomography (Frequency Domain-Optical Coherence Tomography, FD-
OCT) there is provided the stereochemical structure imaging patterns of histoorgan.The basic principle of FD-OCT is well-known, using close red
Outer light source can realize that the diagnostic image of tissue has the spatial resolution of 10-20um, can realize high-resolution, nothing to tissue
Wound, contactless, radiationless Image Acquisition, and can reach and biological tissue is recognized and analyzed in real time.Currently, being based on FD-
The imaging system of OCT is widely used in the diagnosis of lesions such as ophthalmology, skin, blood vessel internal medicine.
Currently, functional magnetic resonance imaging (functional magnetic resonance imaging, fMRI) is work(
The mainstream technology that can be imaged, but as described above, its imaging resolution is relatively low, to the determination of accurately lesion identification difficulty.
Invention content
The present invention is directed to solve at least to a certain extent it is above-mentioned in the related technology the technical issues of one of.
For this purpose, it is an object of the invention to propose a kind of stereochemical structure function imaging system, the system have high resolution,
It is at low cost, stability is good, reliability is high and non-invasively imaged advantage.
To achieve the goals above, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of stereochemical structure function imaging system, including：Frequently
Domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem, the frequency domain light coherence tomography subsystem use low-coherent light as light source, and will be described
Light source after Polarization Controller by being input to coupler, by returning to institute after coupler light splitting to reference arm and sample arm
Coupler is stated to form coherent states field, and the coherent states field acquired using spectrometer and CCD and in external host storage and
Display；Fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem, the fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem have multiple optional light sources, right
The light path of the multiple optional light source is adjusted by ray machine unit, obtains the light source of predetermined power, and by the predetermined power
In light source couples to the sample arm of the frequency domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem；Front end Scan Architecture subsystem, before described
Hold Scan Architecture subsystem be used for by the light source and the coherence in frequency domain tomography of the fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem at
As the sample of subsystem is optically coupling in same light path, and using two-dimensional scanning mirrors to outgoing optical scanning to form two-dimensional structure
Dot matrix image, and according to the dot matrix image of the two-dimensional structure constitute one comprising surface fluorescence spectral signal and have depth
Structure tomography stereo-picture.
Stereochemical structure function imaging system according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention, in conjunction with stereochemical structure imaging and functional imaging and two
The fusion of imaging of kind of image, both can to the stereochemical structure functional imaging of biologic soft tissue especially brain tissue and brain stem tissue,
Frequency domain optical-coherence tomography and fluorescent high spectral image can be acquired respectively again, while the real time imagery in art can also be acquired.
Micron-sized stereo structure image provides accurate guiding, the tissue optical properties such as tumour, lesion and light to the analysis precisely diagnosed
Spectral property can all be changed relative to normal structure；Functional image extracts the variation of tissue signal before capable of being woven in morbidity to group,
The generation of lesion is being predicted before the onset, and assessment is made to lesion degree and range, the early screening of tumour is being provided feasible
Optical theory foundation.Stereochemical structure functional imaging technology can detect pathological tissues functional areas the lesion metabolic signals of tissue, god
Cortex excitatory transmission through maincenter etc. especially provides in terms of brain domain positioning and clinical central nervous system mechanism of action
Important Research approach；Simultaneously its for detection biological tissue function is coupled and pathology aspect provide optical theory according to
According to.Lesion identification and detection of the system suitable for neurosurgery, have small, using flexible, easy to operate, collection
At degree height, high resolution, at low cost, stability is good, reliability is high and non-invasively imaged advantage.
In addition, stereochemical structure function imaging system according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional skill
Art feature：
In some instances, the size of the stereo-picture is determined by microscopical enlargement ratio, the stereo-picture
Surface image spatial resolution determines by the microscopical enlargement ratio and spot size, the surface image of the stereo-picture
Longitudinal resolution is determined by the coherence length of laser of the frequency domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem.
In some instances, the fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem include photomultiplier tube detectors and imaging
Spectrometer, wherein the imaging spectrometer leads to the fluorescence signal after light splitting for being divided by grating fluorescence signal
It crosses the photomultiplier tube detectors and is transferred to external host and stored and shown.
In some instances, the fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem have first to fourth light source interface, wherein
First to fourth light source interface is correspondingly connected with first to fourth fluorescence excitation light source of different wave length.
In some instances, first to fourth fluorescence excitation light source passes through optical fiber and the front end Scan Architecture subsystem
System is connected, wherein the front end Scan Architecture subsystem includes first filter, second filter, power attenuator and fluorescence
It excites light receiving unit, the first filter to be connected with the fluorescence excitation light receiving unit, swashs for fluorescence described in high pass
The optical signal of light emitting source, the sample reflected light of the high anti-frequency domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem.
In some instances, the fluorescence excitation light receiving unit is made of spectrometer and photomultiplier tube detectors.
In some instances, the sample light directly reaches the front end Scan Architecture subsystem after optical fiber connects,
And sample is reached through over-scanning object lens, wherein institute by being connected to after second filter and the first filter after galvanometer
State the sample light of the high anti-frequency domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem of first filter, the high anti-fluorescence imaging and spectrum point
The exciting light for analysing subsystem, the light source of frequency domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem described in the second filter high pass, Gao Fansuo
State the light source light of fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem.
In some instances, the light source of the frequency domain light coherence tomography subsystem is bandwidth light source, the bandwidth light source
Centre wavelength is 1310nm, and the bandwidth of the bandwidth light source is 60nm.
In some instances, the splitting ratio of the coupler is 50：50, the signal of the light source is divided by the coupler
Reference light and sample light.
In some instances, the front end Scan Architecture subsystem is made of one-dimensional or 2-D vibration mirror system.
The additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partly become from the following description
Obviously, or practice through the invention is recognized.
Description of the drawings
The above-mentioned and/or additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will become in the description from combination following accompanying drawings to embodiment
Obviously and it is readily appreciated that, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic diagram of stereochemical structure function imaging system according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of fluorescence imaging according to an embodiment of the invention and spectrum analysis subsystem；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of frequency domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the dog schematic diagram of Scan Architecture subsystem in front end according to an embodiment of the invention；And
Fig. 5 is the system block diagram of stereochemical structure function imaging system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, and is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
Stereochemical structure function imaging system according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention is described below in conjunction with attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic diagram of stereochemical structure function imaging system according to an embodiment of the invention.Such as Fig. 1
Shown, stereochemical structure function imaging system according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention includes：1 (FD- of frequency domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem
OTC), fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem 2 and front end Scan Architecture subsystem 3.Wherein, frequency domain optical-coherence tomography
The light channel structure of system 1, fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem 2 and front end Scan Architecture subsystem 3 can be coupled as one can
Convert the light path adjusted, can also single channel realize respective optical output, can realize the acquisition of two images.
Specifically, frequency domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem 1 passes through polarization using low-coherent light as light source, and by light source
Be input to coupler after controller (polarization), by coupler light splitting to after reference arm and sample arm back to coupler with
Coherent states field is formed, and is stored using spectrometer and CCD acquisition coherent states fields and in external host and is shown.More have
Body, in some instances, as shown in figure 3, the light source of frequency domain light coherence tomography subsystem 1 is bandwidth light source, the bandwidth light source
Centre wavelength be 1310nm, the bandwidth of bandwidth light source is 60nm, and spectrometer uses imaging spectrometer (OCTS-1280-1310-
1340, BaySpec Co.), which contains high-velocity scanning OCT cameras, line scan rate best 91911/
sec.Frequency domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem 1 uses frequency domain optical-coherence tomography, reduces sweep time, is swept using galvanometer
It retouches and completes whole region scanning process.Wherein, as shown in figure 3, frequency domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem 1 is passed through by wideband light source
Three paddle Polarization Controllers are crossed, coupler is connected to, coupler has 50：50 splitting ratio, and the signal of light source is divided into reference
Light and sample light, have respectively entered respective channel later.In reference arm one end, reference light is radiated at instead after lens focus
It penetrates on mirror and is returned according to original optical path.
Specifically, frequency domain optical-coherence tomography also gradually becomes research hotspot in the utilization of brain tissue, because of it
The resolution ratio of imaging is very high, noninvasive radiationless imaging mode, especially embodies greater advantage in the imaging of tumour identification.
Structure image is rebuild by the way of spot scan, each point is exactly a pixel, while each point is also certain
Depth information illustrates stereo structure image.
In image reconstruction process, it is necessary first to determine function i (h), wherein transform such as following formula：
In formula, the power reflectance and power transmittance of beam splitter are respectively R and T, if beam splitter is ideal,
T+R=1；RiIt is the power scattered power backwards of i points, peak swing when A is h=0, g expression Gaussian functions.In above formula
TRA2Rr| g (h) | indicate the image of reference light source, TRA2∑iRi| g (h) | indicate the image of sample light source, that is, DC terms,WithIt indicates to cause sample respectively
In all chromatography faces of product depth the image (" auto-correlation " item) of " light source " interfered between the evanescent light wve on arbitrary two sides and its
Mirror image,WithIt indicates to have caused sample depth respectively
There are the image (" cross-correlation " item) and its mirror image backwards to " light source " mutually interfered between evanescent light wve and reference light wave in chromatography face.
The mirror that Fourier transformation forms " auto-correlation " item is carried out to real data (the collected interference light power spectrum of CCD)
The mirror image of picture and " cross-correlation " item.The Section 5 of above formula (1)(" cross-correlation " item) is only sample
The required useful image information of product, g (h-hi) determine sample axial depth i points picture position and axial resolution letter
Breath.The image of sample depth i points is not an ideal a little, but with h=hiCentered at (in optical path difference spatial domain)
Length is lcShort-term, and the gray scale on this short-term be in Gaussian Profile, its coefficientDetermine the gray scale of image, figure
The gray scale determinant of picture is power scattered power, the power reflection of light source output power and reference arm backwards that sample chromatographs face
Rate.Because | g | function determines the sample axially true picture of all scattering points and the position of spurious image and image resolution ratio, it
Coefficient determine image gray scale, so will | i (h) | be known as SDOCT image functions.
That is, frequency domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem 1 realizes that the structural information of depth carries by Fourier transformation
It takes, which contains information on the morphosis of tissue, this information contains the structural information of biological tissue surface, carries simultaneously
Depth information has been supplied, three-dimensional structure image is obtained.For the tumour of brain and brain stem, according to the atypia of its structure, i.e., carefully
The specificity of born of the same parents' form and institutional framework is imaged it using the relevant frequency domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem of depth 1, simultaneously
Using the decay characteristics of optics in the tissue, the structure of tumor epithelial cell, mesenchyma stroma of tumors and normal structure is precisely differentiated.
Fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem 2 have multiple optional light sources, are adjusted to the light path of multiple optional light sources
Section, obtains the light source of predetermined power, that is, reduces light source power, and by the light source couples of predetermined power to frequency domain light coherence tomography at
As subsystem 1 sample arm in.
In one embodiment of the invention, as shown in Fig. 2, fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem 2 include photoelectricity times
Increase pipe PMT detectors and imaging spectrometer, wherein imaging spectrometer is, for example, Monochromator-Spectrograoh
MS2004i (SOL instruments) imaging spectrometer, for fluorescence signal to be divided by grating therein, and will
Fluorescence signal after light splitting is transferred to external host by PMT detectors and is stored and shown.Wherein, imaging spectrometer passes through
Optical fiber-spectrometer adapter connection.
Further, as shown in Fig. 2, fluorescence imaging and the tool of spectrum analysis subsystem 2 are there are four light source interface, i.e., first to
4th light source interface, wherein first to fourth light source interface is by being correspondingly connected with first to fourth fluorescence excitation of different wave length
Light source.
Specifically, in fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem 2, high light spectrum image-forming is using photomultiplier
(PMT) and spectrometer, while real-time storage and the analysis of image being increased.In light source part, design increases multiple access ports
(first to fourth such as above-mentioned light source interface), can connect the light source of different wave length and different capacity, for currently used glimmering
Light reagent includes mainly 5-ALA (5-aminolevulinic acid, 5-ALA), yellow fluorescence, indocyanine green
(Indocyanine green, ICG), their optical source wavelength is not quite similar, wherein in the imaging device of invention, it is main
Will according to patient, pathology actual clinical situation and use.
Since pathological tissues have different effects to fluorescence, especially under different light sources, exciting light is also not phase
With.Therefore spectral components are obtained according to spectrum frequency analysis, including harmonic wave remainder, amplitude, phase, the hop count of spectral space is used
T indicates that the period indicates that expansion is transformed to L：
In formula, t indicates that wave band number, L indicate that wave band sum, spectrum vector are (S1,S2...,SL)T, M0It indicates more than harmonic wave
, h indicates frequency analysis number, AhIndicate amplitude,Indicate the initial phase of h subharmonic.
That is, fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem 2 mainly provide the structure and its function on the surface of tissue
Information can provide abundant identification tissue especially for strong functional structures such as the fine arteries of shallow-layer and nerves
Functional information, to accurately differentiate this mechanics of biological tissue.For tumor tissues, especially brain tumor medium vessels are distributed
Concentration, tumor epithelial cell and the more sufficient part of interstitial, accurately structural information and comprehensive functional information will be that tumour judges
And its excision provides stronger guarantee.
In addition, fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem 2 can also provide high spectrum image while providing spectrum analysis
Acquisition implement.Frequency domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem 1 and 2 common optical pathways part of fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem.
Common optical pathways are the basic light paths of frequency domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem 1 and fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem 2, in frequency
Belong to sample arm part in domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem 1, is front end in fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem 2
The light channel structure of acquisition.Scan control part is wherein contained, mode uses spot scan, and is completed using snake scan
Two-dimensional array scans.Primary concern is that fluorescent light source, fluorescent exciting, frequency domain optical-coherence tomography light in integrated optical circuit
The light path part of source and sample reflected light in light path subsystem uses different filters according to wavelength, power, uses power
Adjuster (attenuator etc.) is adjusted in light path safe range.
Further, the design of fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem 2 to light path and driving scanning, for frequency domain light phase
For the speed of image/signal acquisition of dry fault imaging subsystem 1 and photoelectric detector (PMT), Scan Architecture must be protected
Card can be consistent with it, can be acquired storage image simultaneously when scanning different location, be ensured the real-time of image
Property simultaneously reduces redundancy.Therefore, the acquisition of image needs to design suitable probe, and providing certain moving sweep function will
Overall region does comprehensive acquisition.
Front end Scan Architecture subsystem 3 is for breaking the light source and coherence in frequency domain of fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem 2
The sample of layer imaging subsystems 1 is scanned processing optically coupling in same light path using two-dimensional scanning mirrors to emergent light
To form the dot matrix image of two-dimensional structure, it includes surface fluorescence signal and structure to constitute one according to the dot matrix image of two-dimensional structure
The stereo-picture of faultage image.Wherein, the size of the stereo-picture is determined by microscopical enlargement ratio, the table of the stereo-picture
Face image spatial resolution determines by microscopical enlargement ratio and spot size, the surface image longitudinal resolution of the stereo-picture
Rate is determined by the coherence length of laser of frequency domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem 1.Wherein, front end Scan Architecture subsystem 3 is for example
It is made of one-dimensional or 2-D vibration mirror system.In this example, preferred 2-D vibration mirror scanning system, the region of single sweep operation is greatly simultaneously
And save the time.
In one embodiment of the invention, in conjunction with shown in Fig. 4, first to fourth above-mentioned fluorescence excitation light source passes through light
Fibre is connected with front end Scan Architecture subsystem 3 (i.e. ray machine unit), wherein front end Scan Architecture subsystem 3 includes the first filtering
Device, second filter, power attenuator and fluorescence excitation light receiving unit, wherein first filter and fluorescence excitation light-receiving
Unit is connected, and first filter is used before fluorescence excitation light receiving unit.First filter is used for high pass fluorescence excitation
The optical signal of light source, the sample reflected light of high anti-frequency domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem, the reflected light of reflected sample light, to
To imaging in biological tissues.Wherein, fluorescence excitation light receiving unit is for example by spectrometer and photomultiplier PMT detector structures
At.
Wherein, fluorescent light source light needs to reach after focusing by front end galvanometer scanning system and scanning objective (microscope)
Sample, meanwhile, fluorescence photosensitizer generates exciting light to according in backtracking to acquisition component by the excitation of light source.Its
In, scanning objective is the structure in microscope, and scanning objective amplification factor is 10 times.Microscopic system is connected to constitute optionally just
It sets or is inverted mirror and form various selection imaging system.
Fluorescent image and fluorescent high spectrum use hardware-accelerated, the raising of the image taking speed of realization EO-1 hyperion on GPU.
Wherein, sample light directly reaches front end Scan Architecture subsystem 3 (ray machine unit) after optical fiber connects, and passes through
It is connected to after second filter and first filter after galvanometer and reaches sample through over-scanning object lens (microscope), wherein first
The sample light of the high anti-frequency domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem of filter 1, high anti-fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem 2 swash
It shines, the light source of second filter high pass frequency domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem 1, high anti-fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem
The light source light of system 2.
Further, sample light backtracking after sample reflects, (is schemed by first filter and second filter
In filter 1 and 2) enter frequency domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem 1, thus with reference light formed interference to obtain sample
Depth information so that obtain its depth structure imaging, excitation fluorescence fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis are entered by first filter
Subsystem 2 realizes the analysis of fluorescence spectrum.
Further, in specific implementation process, the stereochemical structure function imaging system of the embodiment of the present invention provides more
The different types of micro- subsystem of kind, the multiplying power of scanning objective is adjustable in micro- subsystem, therefore biological group also can be changed
The horizontal and vertical spatial resolution knitted, that is, increase the controllability of visual field.Common optical pathways can be integrated in micro- subsystem
The light path of spectrofluorimetry light path and frequency domain optical-coherence tomography system can be coupled to a light path by part, be passed through
To imaging in biological tissues after scanning objective, therefore reach the sector scanning of Centimeter Level, the region of bigger is reached in conjunction with probe designs
Scanning obtains the imaging of entire operative region, to give doctor's accurately image-guided surgery.
The characteristics of being described below the fusion of stereo structure image and functional image about the embodiment of the present invention.Based on frequency
The depth structure image of domain optical-coherence tomography and based on fluorescent high spectrum planar structure four-dimensional image and spectral information shadow
The fusion of picture is the basis of high-precision diagnosis, the basic feature information of structure image and functional image is extracted, by planar
The convergence analysis of image is realized after the point accurate information of functional-structural information and three-dimensional structure registration；And the information of lesion is carried
It takes, realizes the identification of structure function lesion.The currently used amalgamation mode based on Pixel-level, image are shown using two-dimensional structure
Afterwards with different conversion process, after by certain rule of combination realize synthesis, then inverse transformation is used to merge operation recovery
Image afterwards.Secondly, the image co-registration of feature based grade uses characteristics of image, the sufficient statistic of pixel or expression amount, target
The information such as marginal information, direction, to being merged after the processing of its sort merge.Image co-registration in this system passes through Pixel-level and feature
The amalgamation mode of grade obtains, since the dimension of two-dimensional fluoroscopic image and three-dimensional light coherence tomography images differs, using two dimension
Light coherence tomography images and fluorescent image convert after to merge be the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Simple fusion estimation to image is to use weighting pattern, i.e.,：
F (x, y)=Wa*A (x, y)+Wb*B (x, y) (3)
Wherein, F indicates that the image after fusion, A indicate that the surface texture image of OCT, B indicate that fluoroscopic image, Wa indicate A shadows
The weight of picture, Wb indicate the weight of B images.
Further, image co-registration can also propose deeper according to wavelet transformation to the time-frequency combination analysis result of image
Analysis：OCT surface images A and fluoroscopic image B is used into wavelet analysis, it is made to obtain multiple dimensioned and multiresolution high frequency respectively
And low frequency component, corresponding high fdrequency component and low frequency component obtain syncretizing effect image according to different fusion rules.
Image co-registration firstly the need of to source images carry out wavelet decomposition, it is assumed that the transformation coefficient of source images can by formula (4),
(5) it indicates：
Wherein, F indicates that the image after fusion, A indicate that the surface texture image of OCT, B indicate fluoroscopic image,WithIt is low frequency sub-band coefficient, Ci,j(x, y) is the transformation coefficient of i-th layer of decomposition jth directional subband, i.e. high-frequency sub-band system
Number, respectively to after transformation low frequency and high-frequency sub-band coefficient take different fusion rule to calculate fusion after coefficient.
Because low frequency sub-band coefficient illustrates the profile information of image, for multiple focussing image using average rule to its into
Row processing：
WhereinWithThe low frequency sub-band coefficient of corresponding position in source images is indicated respectively.
Since the detailed information in image such as edge, texture etc. are indicated by high frequency coefficient, need to select in source images as possible
Fusion coefficients are clearly partly obtained, therefore in this example, weights method is selected to merge high frequency coefficient：
Wherein α is weight coefficient, and in an embodiment of the present invention, α weight computings are determined by Total Variation formula (8), then
It carries out multi-scale wavelet inverse transformation and carrys out restored image.
As above analysis, the embodiment of the present invention uses the convergence analysis mode of structure function image, to stereochemical structure
Functional image is precisely analyzed three-dimensional structure data using volume drawing mode.
Further, shown in Fig. 5 it is stereochemical structure function imaging system block diagram.The stereochemical structure function imaging system passes through
Analysis to structure and function image, can provide the optical characteristics and spectral characteristic of biological tissue, and optical characteristics includes having to decline
Subtract the spectral characteristic of characteristic and fluorescence metabolism.
In a particular embodiment, it is swollen to can be applied to ophthalmology, skin, mammary gland to stereochemical structure function imaging system of the invention
The minimally invasive imaging and operation of tumor, liver and gall pancreatic neoplasm, dentistry, Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular Dept., stomach, urological department etc..The imaging system includes
High-resolution structure and function image system can provide clearly anatomic form structure and brain function.OCT and fluorescence shadow
As depth information structure image and the functional image of noninvasive radiationless biological tissue can be respectively used to hyperspectral analysis to shape
Stereochemical structure functional image is tieed up at the 3 of biology resolution ratio.This system imaging includes depth information, the anatomic form knot of tissue
The information such as structure, light-decay characteristic, blood oxygen concentration, blood flow spectrum and its biological tissue's spectral signature, system integration vibration mirror scanning
And the front-end driven Scan Architecture and light channel structure of optical fiber scan type form spot scan mode.The imaging system contains different layers
The image co-registration and image understanding algorithm of grade.By include to biological tissue brain and brain stem tissue imaging analysis tumor epithelial cell,
Junctional area, normal structure, while brain tumor and lesion precisely being identified, provide accurately image guiding for operation.
In a particular embodiment, which further includes the imaging to the structure function image of biological tissue, the structure
Image is the layered structure and border structure of tissue, and functional image is vascular distribution state in biological tissue, shape, blood red egg
The detection of Bai Hanliang.
Further, the imaging system is such as further including the fusion to structure function image, blending algorithm analysis, signal
Analysis mode is the analysis in conjunction with spectrum analysis and light coherent signal, is recognized to the structure function of tissue.
Further, which for example further includes the scanning head to front end, for the disease in surgical procedures
The scanning head of the imaging function of change, imaging has the characteristics such as big FOV and horizontal linearity degree, vertical linearity degree；It is being moved through
Scanned approximate location is tentatively identified in journey, and operative region is precisely scanned after positioning.
Further, which for example further includes the snake-shaped robot multiterminal Scan Architecture using endoscopic, is used
Flexible robot does comprehensive scanning and imaging to the tissue in art.Wherein, front-end probe uses flexible snake-shaped robot to right
Optical fiber is conducted, and optical fiber moves with it in flexible robot, and forms self-driving type scanning in probe distal end.
Further, which for example further includes the front end scanning system of endoscopic, and endoscope system is through overcoupling
Light path enters endoscope system by Fiber optic delivery systems and detects the structure function image of biological tissue, wherein being led using single fiber
Enter the light source of spectrofluorimetry system and the sample light of frequency domain optical-coherence tomography system, formation can be scanned with front driving type and
Side type rotation sweep is imaged to be formed while structure function image.
Further, which for example further includes the therapeutic modality structure being adapted with imaging system, such as light is dynamic
Power therapy (PDT), sound motivation therapy (SDT) etc. combine and form novel diagnosis and treatment integral system.The light source harmony of photodynamic therapy
The power control of the sound source of motivation therapy corresponds to provide in conjunction with the real-time resolution of imaging reaches therapeutic effect.
In addition, the imaging system can be realized to minimally invasive even noninvasive imaging of performing the operation, there is optics to biological tissue
Attenuation characteristic, fluoroscopic image, Fluorescence Characteristic, stereochemical structure functional image and high light spectrum image-forming analysis, while can also tie
It closes in real-time navigation of the three-dimensional stereo display technique for operation.
To sum up, stereochemical structure function imaging system according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention, in conjunction with three-dimensional morphosis imaging and
The fusion of imaging of functional imaging and two kinds of images, both can be to the stereochemical structure work(of soft tissue especially brain tissue and brain stem tissue
It can be imaged, and frequency domain optical-coherence tomography and fluorescent high spectral image can be acquired respectively, while the reality in art can also be acquired
When be imaged.Lesion identification and detection of the system suitable for neurosurgery, have small, using flexible, operation side
Just, integrated level height, high resolution, at low cost, stability is good, reliability is high and non-invasively imaged advantage.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term "center", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ",
" thickness ", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom" "inner", "outside", " up time
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as needle ", " counterclockwise ", " axial direction ", " radial direction ", " circumferential direction " be orientation based on ... shown in the drawings or
Position relationship is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, and does not indicate or imply the indicated device or element must
There must be specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for description purposes only, it is not understood to indicate or imply relative importance
Or implicitly indicate the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.Define " first " as a result, the feature of " second " can be expressed or
Implicitly include at least one this feature.In the description of the present invention, the meaning of " plurality " is at least two, such as two, three
It is a etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc.
Term shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integral；Can be that machinery connects
It connects, can also be electrical connection；It can be directly connected, can also can be indirectly connected through an intermediary in two elements
The interaction relationship of the connection in portion or two elements, unless otherwise restricted clearly.For those of ordinary skill in the art
For, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific conditions.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, fisrt feature can be with "above" or "below" second feature
It is that the first and second features are in direct contact or the first and second features pass through intermediary mediate contact.Moreover, fisrt feature exists
Second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature be directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or be merely representative of
Fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature " under ", " lower section " and " below " can be
One feature is directly under or diagonally below the second feature, or is merely representative of fisrt feature level height and is less than second feature.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example
Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not
It must be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in office
It can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or example.In addition, without conflicting with each other, the skill of this field
Art personnel can tie the feature of different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples
It closes and combines.
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is not considered as limiting the invention, those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned
Embodiment is changed, changes, replacing and modification.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of stereochemical structure function imaging system, which is characterized in that including：
Frequency domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem, the frequency domain light coherence tomography subsystem use low-coherent light as light source, and
By the light source by being input to coupler after Polarization Controller, by being returned after coupler light splitting to reference arm and sample arm
The coupler is returned to form coherent states field, and using spectrometer and the CCD acquisitions coherent states field and in external host
Storage and display；
Fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem, the fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem have multiple optional light sources, right
The light path of the multiple optional light source is adjusted, and obtains the light source of predetermined power, and by the light source couples of the predetermined power
Into the sample arm of the frequency domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem；And
Front end Scan Architecture subsystem, the front end Scan Architecture subsystem are used for the fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem
The sample of the light source of system and the frequency domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem is shaken optically coupling in same light path using two-dimensional scan
Mirror is to being emitted optical scanning to form the dot matrix image of two-dimensional structure, and it includes table to be constituted according to the dot matrix image of the two-dimensional structure
Face fluorescence spectrum signal and structure tomography stereo-picture；
Wherein, the fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem have first to fourth light source interface, first to fourth light
Source interface is correspondingly connected with first to fourth fluorescence excitation light source of different wave length, and first to fourth fluorescence excitation light source passes through
Optical fiber is connected with the front end Scan Architecture subsystem, wherein the front end Scan Architecture subsystem includes first filter,
Two filters, power attenuator and fluorescence excitation light receiving unit, wherein the first filter connects with the fluorescent exciting
Unit is received to be connected, for the optical signal of fluorescence excitation light source described in high pass, the high anti-frequency domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem
Sample reflected light.
2. stereochemical structure function imaging system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the size of the stereo-picture by
Microscopical enlargement ratio determines, the surface image spatial resolution of the stereo-picture by the microscopical enlargement ratio and
Spot size determines that the surface image longitudinal resolution of the stereo-picture is by the frequency domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem
The coherence length of laser determines.
3. stereochemical structure function imaging system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fluorescence imaging and spectrum point
It includes photomultiplier tube detectors and imaging spectrometer to analyse subsystem, wherein
The imaging spectrometer is used to fluorescence signal being divided by grating, and by the fluorescence signal after light splitting described in
Photomultiplier tube detectors are transferred to external host storage and display.
4. stereochemical structure function imaging system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fluorescence excitation light-receiving list
Member is made of spectrometer and photomultiplier tube detectors.
5. stereochemical structure function imaging system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sample light connects by optical fiber
The front end Scan Architecture subsystem is directly reached after connecing, by being connected after the second filter and the first filter
Sample is reached through over-scanning object lens, wherein high anti-frequency domain optical-coherence tomography of the first filter after to galvanometer
The exciting light of the sample light of system, the high anti-fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem, described in the second filter high pass
The light source light of the light source of frequency domain optical-coherence tomography subsystem, the high anti-fluorescence imaging and spectrum analysis subsystem.
6. stereochemical structure function imaging system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that frequency domain light coherence tomography
The light source of system is bandwidth light source, and the centre wavelength of the bandwidth light source is 1310nm, and the bandwidth of the bandwidth light source is 60nm.
7. stereochemical structure function imaging system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the splitting ratio of the coupler is
50：50, the signal of the light source is divided into reference light and sample light by the coupler.
8. stereochemical structure function imaging system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the front end Scan Architecture subsystem
System is made of one-dimensional or 2-D vibration mirror system.
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