CN105744584A - Cluster head selection method, cluster head selection system and multi-hop network - Google Patents

Cluster head selection method, cluster head selection system and multi-hop network Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105744584A
CN105744584A CN201610200596.9A CN201610200596A CN105744584A CN 105744584 A CN105744584 A CN 105744584A CN 201610200596 A CN201610200596 A CN 201610200596A CN 105744584 A CN105744584 A CN 105744584A
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node
bunch
energy
head
module
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程刚
陈广泉
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China United Network Communications Group Co Ltd
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China United Network Communications Group Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
    • H04W40/04—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on wireless node resources
    • H04W40/10—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on wireless node resources based on available power or energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/46—Cluster building
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/24—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
    • H04W40/32—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update for defining a routing cluster membership
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Abstract

The invention provides a cluster head selection method, a cluster head selection system and a multi-hop network. The cluster head selection method comprises that each node sends its own energy information to a base station; the base station calculates network average energy and a cluster head selection threshold value of this round according to the energy information sent by each node and transmits the network average energy and the cluster head selection threshold value of this round back to each node; each node determines whether to enter a dormant state or not in the cluster head selection process of this round according to a first ratio of the current self energy to the network average energy; the nodes not entering the dormant states generate random numbers between 0-1 and judge whether the ratios of the random numbers to the first ratios are less than a threshold value or not; and if the ratios of the random numbers to the first ratios are less than the threshold value, the nodes are selected as the cluster head nodes. According to the cluster head selection method, the cluster head nodes are selected according to the surplus energy, and the energy distribution of the whole network is more uniform; moreover, through adoption of a dormant mechanism related to the surplus energy of the nodes, the survival time of the nodes is prolonged; and the survival time of the whole network is prolonged.

Description

A kind of bunch head system of selection, bunch head select system and multihop network
Technical field
The present invention relates to communication technical field, in particular it relates to a kind of bunch head system of selection, Bunch head selects system and multihop network.
Background technology
In wireless sensor network, node is due to by storage capacity, volume, energy Etc. the restriction of factor, data exchange can only be carried out with the neighbor node of surrounding, if node Wish with communication range outside node communicate, then need to be carried out by intermediate node Data forward.
In order to reduce the energy expenditure of whole network and improve the life span of network, need Wireless sensor network to carry out sub-clustering, and each bunch by a bunch of head and multiple bunches of members Composition, leader cluster node is responsible for bunch interior data collection, Data Fusion and data and is turned Sending out, the selection of leader cluster node simultaneously needs periodically to update.
The most conventional cluster-dividing method mainly has: low power consumption adaptive clustering route protocol (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy, LEACH) and energy Sensor information system protocol (the Power-Efficient of amount high-efficiency accumulation GAthering in Sensor Information Systems,Pegasis)。
The basic thought of LEACH agreement is to select leader cluster node by random rotation, bunch After the data that bunch interior nodes produces are carried out fusion treatment by head node, it is sent to converge joint Point.In LEACH uses the MAC layer mechanism of TDMA to reduce bunch and bunch between conflict. After certain time interval, then re-elect leader cluster node at random, to ensure nothing Energy in line sensor network is uniformly distributed.But, LEACH agreement does not accounts for joint The problem of some dump energy so that the less node of dump energy is likely to be elected as a bunch head Node.After being elected as bunch head due to the less node of dump energy, a bunch head will occur The phenomenon of premature death, once bunch head is the most dead, and in bunch, data just cannot be passed by member Give a bunch head, cause unstable networks.
The basic thought of Pegasis agreement is employing chain structure in sensor node Be attached, each node utilize the intensity of signal to calculate its all neighbor nodes away from From, guarantee that the most nearest neighbor node could be felt by adjusting the power sending signal Know.Chain only select a node send data as first-in-chain(FIC) to aggregation node.But it is right In with first-in-chain(FIC) node node farther out for, bigger data delay can be caused.
Clustering protocol under wireless sensor network is restricted by energy expenditure at present, and And local topology information can only be obtained, have a strong impact on the energy expense of whole network And network lifetime.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned technical problem present in prior art, it is provided that a kind of bunch head System of selection, bunch head select system and multihop network.This bunch of head system of selection is according to residue Energy selects leader cluster node, it is ensured that the Energy distribution of whole network is more uniform；With Time, it is also proposed that the dormancy mechanism relevant to residue energy of node, this dormancy mechanism energy The life span making node extends, thus extends the life span of whole network.
The present invention provides a kind of bunch head system of selection, including:
The energy information of self is sent to base station by each node；
It is average that described base station calculates network according to the energy information that node each described sends The threshold value that energy and epicycle bunch head select, and by described network average energy and described threshold value Return to each described node；
Each described node is according to the of current self-energy and described network average energy One ratio determines whether it enters resting state in epicycle bunch head selection course；
Be introduced into resting state described node generate random number, and judge its random number with Whether the ratio of described first ratio is less than described threshold value, if it is, select this described Node is leader cluster node, and wherein, described random number is the number between 0-1.
Preferably, described node is according to current self-energy and described network average energy First ratio determines whether it enters resting state in epicycle bunch head selection course and include:
Judge the current self-energy of described node and the first of described network average energy Whether ratio is less than 30%；If it is, described node enters in epicycle bunch head selection course Enter resting state；Otherwise, described node does not enter dormancy in epicycle bunch head selection course State.
Preferably, described network average energy be the energy information of self is sent to described The energy of all described node of base station is average；The computing formula of described threshold value is:
T ( n ) = P 1 - P × [ r mod ( 1 / P ) ] n ∈ G 0 n ∉ G
Wherein, P is the probability that described node is selected as bunch head, and r is current round, G The set of the most unselected described node being selected as bunch head in taking turns for front r, n is for participating in epicycle The number of the described node that bunch head selects.
Preferably, also include: described leader cluster node is to the described node being distributed in about Broadcast its identity code；Remaining is introduced into resting state and does not becomes the described joint of bunch head Point selects to join the institute that signal is the strongest according to the signal intensity that described leader cluster node is broadcasted State leader cluster node, and notify its described leader cluster node added accordingly, to become described bunch Bunch member node of head node.
Preferably, also include: the data of collection are sent to described by described bunch of member node Leader cluster node, at the described leader cluster node data to described bunch of member node collection Reason.
The present invention also provides for a kind of bunch of head and selects system, including: base station and multiple node,
Described node includes the first sending module, described for being sent to by the energy of self Base station；
Described base station includes computing module and the second sending module, and described computing module is used for Network average energy and epicycle bunch is calculated according to the energy information that node each described sends The threshold value that head selects；Described second sending module is for by described network average energy and institute State threshold value and return to each described node；
Described node also includes determining module, for according to current self-energy and described net First ratio of network average energy determines whether it enters in epicycle bunch head selection course Resting state；
Described node also includes random number generation module, the first judge module and selects mould Block, described random number generation module is for generating the random number between 0-1；Described first Judge module is for judging that whether random number and the ratio of described first ratio are less than described Threshold value；Described selection module is yes for the judged result at described first judge module Time, selecting this described node is leader cluster node.
Preferably, described node also includes the second judge module, is used for judging described node The first ratio of current self-energy and described network average energy whether less than 30%.
Preferably, described leader cluster node also includes broadcast module, for being distributed in its week Its identity code of described node broadcasts enclosed；
Remaining is introduced into resting state and does not becomes the described node of bunch head and also include selecting Adding module, the signal intensity for broadcasting according to described leader cluster node selects to join letter Number the strongest described leader cluster node, and notify its described leader cluster node added accordingly, with Become bunch member node of described leader cluster node.
Preferably, described bunch of member node includes acquisition module and delivery module, described in adopt Collection module is used for gathering data；Described delivery module is for gathering described acquisition module Data are sent to described leader cluster node；
Described leader cluster node also includes processing module, for described bunch of member node collection Data process.
The present invention also provides for a kind of multihop network, selects system including above-mentioned bunch of head.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: provided by the present invention bunch of head system of selection, according to surplus Complementary energy selects leader cluster node, it is ensured that the Energy distribution of whole network is more uniform； It is also proposed that the dormancy mechanism relevant to residue energy of node, make present energy relatively Low node enters resting state, until next round cluster-head node selection is just by dormancy node Waking up up, this dormancy mechanism can make the life span of node extend, thus extends whole The life span of network.
Provided by the present invention bunch of head selects system, it is possible to realize and above-mentioned bunch of head selecting party The technique effect that method is identical.
Multihop network provided by the present invention, by using above-mentioned bunch of head to select system, no It is only capable of and makes the Energy distribution of this multihop network more uniformly, but also extend multihop network The life span of network.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of bunch head system of selection in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of bunch head system of selection in the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 3 is the theory diagram that in the embodiment of the present invention 3, bunch head selects system.
Description of reference numerals therein:
1. base station；11. computing modules；12. second sending modules；2. node；21. One sending module；22. determine module；23. random number generation module；24. first judge Module；25. select module；26. second judge modules；27. select to add module；28. Acquisition module；29. delivery modules；3. leader cluster node；31. broadcast module；32. process Module.
Detailed description of the invention
For making those skilled in the art be more fully understood that technical scheme, below In conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments to one bunch head system of selection provided by the present invention, Bunch head selects system and multihop network to be described in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
The present embodiment provides a kind of bunch head system of selection, as it is shown in figure 1, include:
Step 10: the energy information of self is sent to base station by each node.
Wherein, the energy information of each node self refers to the dump energy of each node self Information.
Step 11: it is average that base station calculates network according to the energy information that each node sends The threshold value that energy and epicycle bunch head select, and network average energy and threshold value are returned to respectively Individual node.
Step 12: each node is according to the of current self-energy and network average energy One ratio determines whether it enters resting state in epicycle bunch head selection course.
Wherein, the current self-energy of each node is each node self residual energy current Amount.Resting state refers to that node is in complete idle state.This step can be at a bunch head Before node selects, make the less joint of dump energy according to the current self rest energy of node Point is directly entered resting state, thus avoids the less node of dump energy to be selected as bunch The phenomenon of premature death occurs after Tou, and then avoids causing due to bunch head premature death Data cannot be transmitted, the problem of unstable networks.
Step 13: be introduced into resting state node generate random number, and judge its with Whether the ratio of machine number and the first ratio is less than threshold value, if it is, select this node to be Leader cluster node, wherein, random number is the number between 0-1.
This step is when cluster-head node selection, by the node by being introduced into resting state The ratio of random number and the first ratio compares with threshold value, and ratio is less than the joint of threshold value Clicking and be selected as leader cluster node, the selection that can make leader cluster node is more reasonable and accurate, thus The Energy distribution making whole network is more uniform, the most also extends the existence of whole network Time.
The beneficial effect of embodiment 1: bunch head system of selection in embodiment 1, according to surplus Complementary energy selects leader cluster node, it is ensured that the Energy distribution of whole network is more uniform； It is also proposed that the dormancy mechanism relevant to residue energy of node, make present energy relatively Low node enters resting state, until next round cluster-head node selection is just by dormancy node Waking up up, this dormancy mechanism can make the life span of node extend, thus extends whole The life span of network.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment provides a kind of bunch head system of selection, as in figure 2 it is shown, include:
Step 10: the energy information of self is sent to base station by each node.
Wherein, the energy information of each node self refers to the dump energy of each node self Information.
Step 11: it is average that base station calculates network according to the energy information that each node sends The threshold value that energy and epicycle bunch head select, and network average energy and threshold value are returned to respectively Individual node.
In this step, network average energy is that the energy information of self is sent to base station The energy of all nodes is average.The computing formula of threshold value is:
T ( n ) = P 1 - P × [ r mod ( 1 / P ) ] n ∈ G 0 n ∉ G
Wherein, P is the probability that node is selected as bunch head, and r is current round, G The set of the most unselected node being selected as bunch head in taking turns for front r, n is for participating in the choosing of epicycle bunch head The number of the node selected.
Step 12: each node is according to the of current self-energy and network average energy One ratio determines whether it enters resting state in epicycle bunch head selection course.
Wherein, the current self-energy of each node is each node self residual energy current Amount.Resting state refers to that node is in complete idle state.
This step specifically includes: step 120: the current self-energy of decision node and net Whether the first ratio of network average energy is less than 30%；If it is, perform step 121: Node enters resting state in epicycle bunch head selection course；Otherwise, step 122: is performed: Node does not enter resting state in epicycle bunch head selection course.Wherein, if node Current self-energy is less than 30% with the first ratio of network average energy, then node is described Dump energy the lowest, in order to extend the life span of whole network, this energy is too Low node should enter resting state, in order to avoid premature death after its energy expenditure.
This step can be before cluster-head node selection, according to the current self residual energy of node Amount makes the less node of dump energy be directly entered resting state, thus avoids dump energy There is the phenomenon of premature death in less node after being selected as bunch head, so avoid due to Bunch head premature death and the data that cause cannot be transmitted, the problem of unstable networks.
Step 13: be introduced into resting state node generate random number, and judge its with Whether the ratio of machine number and the first ratio is less than threshold value, if it is, perform step 130: Selecting this node is leader cluster node, and wherein, random number is the number between 0-1；If it does not, Then perform step 131: this node is ordinary node.
This step is when cluster-head node selection, by the node by being introduced into resting state The ratio of random number and the first ratio compares with threshold value, and ratio is less than the joint of threshold value Clicking and be selected as leader cluster node, the selection that can make leader cluster node is more reasonable and accurate, thus The Energy distribution making whole network is more uniform, the most also extends the existence of whole network Time.
In the present embodiment, a bunch head system of selection also includes:
Step 14: leader cluster node is to the node (i.e. ordinary node) being distributed in about Broadcast its identity code.
Step 15: remaining is introduced into resting state and not become the node of bunch head (the most general Logical node) according to the signal intensity of leader cluster node broadcast select to join signal the strongest bunch Head node, and notify its leader cluster node added accordingly, to become bunch one-tenth of leader cluster node Member's node.
After this step completes, bunch foundation.
A bunch head system of selection in the present embodiment also includes:
Step 16: the data of collection are sent to leader cluster node by bunch member node, bunch head Bunch data for member node collection are processed by node.
Wherein, leader cluster node carries out process to bunch data for member node collection and includes a bunch head Node is responsible for being collected bunch interior data, at Data Fusion and data forwarding Reason.
The beneficial effect of embodiment 1-2: bunch head system of selection in embodiment 1-2, presses Leader cluster node is selected, it is ensured that the Energy distribution of whole network is more equal according to dump energy Even；It is also proposed that the dormancy mechanism relevant to residue energy of node, make current energy Measure relatively low node and enter resting state, until next round cluster-head node selection is just by dormancy Waking up nodes, this dormancy mechanism can make the life span of node extend, thus extend The life span of whole network.
Embodiment 3:
The present embodiment provides a kind of bunch of head to select system, as it is shown on figure 3, include: base station 1 and multiple node 2, node 2 includes the first sending module 21, for by the energy of self Amount is sent to base station 1.Base station 1 includes computing module 11 and the second sending module 12, It is average that computing module 11 calculates network for the energy information sent according to each node 2 The threshold value that energy and epicycle bunch head select.Second sending module 12 is for average by network Energy and threshold value return to each node 2.Node 2 also includes determining module 22, is used for The first ratio according to current self-energy Yu network average energy determines that it is in epicycle bunch Whether head selection course enters resting state.Node 2 also includes random number generation module 23, the first judge module 24 and selection module 25, random number generation module 23 is used for Generate the random number between 0-1.First judge module 24 is used for judging random number and Whether the ratio of one ratio is less than threshold value.Select module 25 at the first judge module When the judged result of 24 is for being, selecting this node is leader cluster node 3.
In the present embodiment, node 2 also includes the second judge module 26, is used for judging joint Whether the current self-energy of point 2 and the first ratio of network average energy is less than 30%.
In the present embodiment, leader cluster node 3 also includes broadcast module 31, for distribution At its identity code of node broadcasts about.Remaining is introduced into resting state and does not becomes Node 2 for bunch head also includes selecting to add module 27, for according to leader cluster node 3 The signal intensity of broadcast selects to join the strongest leader cluster node of signal 3, and notifies its phase The leader cluster node 3 that should add, to become bunch member node of leader cluster node 3.
In the present embodiment, a bunch member node includes acquisition module 28 and delivery module 29, Acquisition module 28 is used for gathering data.Delivery module 29 is for adopting acquisition module 28 The data of collection are sent to leader cluster node 3.Leader cluster node 3 also includes processing module 32, uses In bunch data for member node collection are processed.
The beneficial effect of embodiment 3: bunch head in embodiment 3 selects system, can be according to Dump energy selects leader cluster node, it is ensured that the Energy distribution of whole network is more equal Even；It is also proposed that the dormancy mechanism relevant to residue energy of node, make current energy Measure relatively low node and enter resting state, until next round cluster-head node selection is just by dormancy Waking up nodes, this dormancy mechanism can make the life span of node extend, thus extend The life span of whole network.
Embodiment 4:
The present embodiment provides a kind of multihop network, selects system including bunch head in embodiment 3 System.
By using bunch head in embodiment 3 to select system, this multihop network can not only be made The Energy distribution of network is more uniform, but also extends the life span of multihop network.
It is understood that the principle that embodiment of above is intended to be merely illustrative of the present And the illustrative embodiments used, but the invention is not limited in this.For ability For those of ordinary skill in territory, in the situation without departing from spirit and substance of the present invention Under, various modification and improvement can be made, these modification and improvement are also considered as the present invention's Protection domain.

Claims (10)

1. one kind of bunch of head system of selection, it is characterised in that including:
The energy information of self is sent to base station by each node；
It is average that described base station calculates network according to the energy information that node each described sends The threshold value that energy and epicycle bunch head select, and by described network average energy and described threshold value Return to each described node；
Each described node is according to the of current self-energy and described network average energy One ratio determines whether it enters resting state in epicycle bunch head selection course；
Be introduced into resting state described node generate random number, and judge its random number with Whether the ratio of described first ratio is less than described threshold value, if it is, select this described Node is leader cluster node, and wherein, described random number is the number between 0-1.
The most according to claim 1 bunch of head system of selection, it is characterised in that institute State node to determine according to the first ratio of current self-energy with described network average energy Whether it enters resting state in epicycle bunch head selection course includes:
Judge the current self-energy of described node and the first of described network average energy Whether ratio is less than 30%；If it is, described node enters in epicycle bunch head selection course Enter resting state；Otherwise, described node does not enter dormancy in epicycle bunch head selection course State.
The most according to claim 1 bunch of head system of selection, it is characterised in that institute Stating network average energy is that the energy information of self is sent to all institutes of described base station The energy stating node is average；The computing formula of described threshold value is:
T ( n ) = P 1 - P × [ r mod ( 1 / P ) ] n ∈ G 0 n ∉ G
Wherein, P is the probability that described node is selected as bunch head, and r is current round, G The set of the most unselected described node being selected as bunch head in taking turns for front r, n is for participating in epicycle The number of the described node that bunch head selects.
The most according to claim 1 bunch of head system of selection, it is characterised in that also Including: described leader cluster node is to its identification of described node broadcasts being distributed in about Code；Remaining is introduced into resting state and does not becomes the described node of bunch head according to described bunch of head The signal intensity of node broadcasts selects to join the described leader cluster node that signal is the strongest, and leads to Know its described leader cluster node added accordingly, to become bunch member's joint of described leader cluster node Point.
The most according to claim 4 bunch of head system of selection, it is characterised in that also Including: the data of collection are sent to described leader cluster node by described bunch of member node, described The data of described bunch of member node collection are processed by leader cluster node.
6. one kind of bunch of head selects system, it is characterised in that including: base station and multiple joint Point,
Described node includes the first sending module, described for being sent to by the energy of self Base station；
Described base station includes computing module and the second sending module, and described computing module is used for Network average energy and epicycle bunch is calculated according to the energy information that node each described sends The threshold value that head selects；Described second sending module is for by described network average energy and institute State threshold value and return to each described node；
Described node also includes determining module, for according to current self-energy and described net First ratio of network average energy determines whether it enters in epicycle bunch head selection course Resting state；
Described node also includes random number generation module, the first judge module and selects mould Block, described random number generation module is for generating the random number between 0-1；Described first Judge module is for judging that whether random number and the ratio of described first ratio are less than described Threshold value；Described selection module is yes for the judged result at described first judge module Time, selecting this described node is leader cluster node.
The most according to claim 6 bunch of head selects system, it is characterised in that institute State node and also include the second judge module, for judging the current self-energy of described node Whether it is less than 30% with the first ratio of described network average energy.
The most according to claim 6 bunch of head selects system, it is characterised in that institute State leader cluster node and also include broadcast module, for wide to the described node being distributed in about Broadcast its identity code；
Remaining is introduced into resting state and does not becomes the described node of bunch head and also include selecting Adding module, the signal intensity for broadcasting according to described leader cluster node selects to join letter Number the strongest described leader cluster node, and notify its described leader cluster node added accordingly, with Become bunch member node of described leader cluster node.
The most according to claim 8 bunch of head selects system, it is characterised in that institute State a bunch member node and include that acquisition module and delivery module, described acquisition module are used for gathering Data；Described delivery module is described for the data that described acquisition module gathers being sent to Leader cluster node；
Described leader cluster node also includes processing module, for described bunch of member node collection Data process.
10. a multihop network, it is characterised in that include that claim 6-9 is any One described bunch head selects system.
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