CN105738204A - Method for judging rock burst proneness of rock material - Google Patents

Method for judging rock burst proneness of rock material Download PDF

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CN105738204A
CN105738204A CN201610108358.5A CN201610108358A CN105738204A CN 105738204 A CN105738204 A CN 105738204A CN 201610108358 A CN201610108358 A CN 201610108358A CN 105738204 A CN105738204 A CN 105738204A
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rock
energy
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rock sample
peak
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CN105738204B (en
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宫凤强
李嘉维
李夕兵
董陇军
林杭
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Central South University
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for judging the rock burst proneness of a rock material. According to the method, the dissipated energy required by burst of rock is calculated according to a stress-strain curve after the rock reaches the peak intensity; due to a one-off loading and unloading experiment on a rock test sample, a real series value (Ki) and a ratio (lambda(i)) of the elastic strain energy to the total input energy before the rock reaches the peak value are in linear relation, so that the ratio (lambda(i)) of the elastic strain energy to the total input energy when the rock reaches the peak intensity, and the total input energy U1 at the peak intensity of the rock can be calculated according to the stress-strain curve, so as to obtain the elastic deformation energy at the peak intensity of the rock. Therefore, the problem that the elastic strain energy stored therein cannot be calculated as the rock under the peak intensity cannot be unloaded in time is solved; the calculated elastic strain energy is compared with the post-peak dissipated energy to judge whether the rock material has the rockburst proneness. The invention provides a brand-new judgment method for determining the rockburst proneness of the rock material.

Description

A kind of method judging rock material generation Rock burst proneness
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method judging rock material generation Rock burst proneness.
Background technology
A kind of common Geological Hazard phenomenon that rock burst is to occur in deep rock engineering, the most The engineerings such as numerous deeps mines of building, tunnel, water power have been reported.When rock burst occurs, often occur that sliver launches, spouts Penetrate the phenomenons such as even explosion, and the blast of accompanied by intense or shock wave, bring the biggest to safety such as site operation personnel, equipment Threaten.The supporting body that rock occurs as rock burst hazard, the bullet fragility of itself and energy storage characteristic are the main interior of initiation rock burst In factor.To this end, how to judge whether rock has Rock burst proneness and become one of key issue prevented in rock burst hazard.Mesh Before, utilize uniaxial compression test that rock material is carried out Rock burst proneness judgement, have been developed in numerous method.Such as Factor of Brittleness (expression has multiple) method, such method is mainly from the standpoint of rock material intensity.Due to when rock burst occurs along with Sliver the dynamic phenomenon such as launch, it is meant that the release of material internal energy, therefore a lot of research worker have developed a lot from energy The method that measuring angle considers.Such as rock elasticity deformation energy index, this index mainly reflects rock before reaching peak strength The ability of internal reservoir elastic deformation energy, does not considers that rock explosion is to occur at the behavior characteristics after reaching peak strength, additionally When specifically loading, how to judge when load reaches 70%~the 80% of rock peak strength and there is also certain difficulty;Rock rushes Hit and index can then consider rock omnidistance loading conditions before peak value and after peak value, after utilizing the gross energy before peak value and peak value The ratio of Dissipated energy judges Rock burst proneness.But the method does not accounts for the plasticity that rock is consumed before reaching peak strength , therefore there is the probability over-evaluated in strain energy.To sum up, preferable situation should be, accurately obtains rock and is reaching peak strength Time be stored in the elastic strain energy of inside, and after peak strength, destroy institute's dissipation energy with rock and compare, if elastic Strain energy more than Dissipated energy behind peak, then has Rock burst proneness;If elastic strain energy is less than or equal to Dissipated energy behind peak, the most not There is Rock burst proneness.Therefore, how to obtain rock and be stored in the elastic strain energy of inside when reaching peak strength, be to solve The key of the problems referred to above.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of rock pressurized that calculates and reaches to be stored in during peak strength the side of sample inner elastomeric deformation energy Method, and Dissipated energy compares after utilizing the elastic strain energy that calculates and peak, and then judge whether rock material possesses rock burst Tendentiousness.
A kind of method judging rock material generation Rock burst proneness, is placed on rigidity electro-hydraulic servo by column type rock sample On control of material testing machine, when loading until rock sample destroys with the displacement loading speed of (0.063-0.067) mm/min, obtain Take elastic strain energy U being stored in rock element when rock test is in peak strength pointeWith the energy needed for destruction after peak value Amount Urs, work as Ue-Urs> 0, then it is assumed that rock material has Rock burst proneness;If Ue-Ure≤ 0, then rock material is inclined to without rock burst Property.
After utilizing the elastic strain energy calculated and peak, Dissipated energy compares, it is judged that the rock burst tendency of rock material.
Described elastic strain energy U being stored in rock elementeMeasurement process as follows:
Step 1: according to rock mechanics uniaxial compression test code, takes column type rock sample and is placed in rigidity electro-hydraulic servo On control of material testing machine, load until rock sample destroys with the displacement loading speed of (0.063-0.067) mm/min, record The uniaxial compressive strength σ of rock samplec
Step 2: again take 5 identical column type rock samples, with identical displacement loading speed, rock test is entered Row loads, and is respectively loaded on different stress level 0.7 σc, 0.75 σc, 0.8 σc, 0.85 σc, 0.9 σc, then with (0.063- 0.067) mm/min rate of displacement unloads, and five rock samples are all unloaded to 0.02 σc
Step 3: again to being unloaded to 0.02 σ in step 2cRock sample respectively with (0.063-0.067) mm/ The displacement loading speed of min loads until rock sample destroys, and obtain rock sample adds unloading load-deformation curve, thus Obtain each rock sample peak strength after second time loads, be respectively (σc 0.7, σc 0.75, σc 0.8, σc 0.85, σc 0.9);
Step 4: set rock sample and add the stress level actual value of unloading as Ki,
Set rock elasticity strain energy at unloading point and total input can ratio as λi,
Wherein, i represents the uniaxial compressive strength σ of rock samplecMultiple;UieAnd UiRepresent that rock sample unloads adding respectively Carrying stress is i σcTime, rock sample is in the total input energy of unloading point and elastic strain energy, and wherein, rock sample is at unloading point Total input energy by rock sample is carried out displacement loading until when sample destroys the loaded line that obtains enclosed with axis of abscissas The area become;
Step 5: utilize the data that step 1 step 3 gathers, obtains and organizes K moreiiValue, and to KiiCarry out Linear Quasi Close, obtain KiiLinear relationship function f (λi)=W (Ki);
Step 6: make K=1, utilizes the function that step 5 obtains calculate at unloading point rock elasticity strain energy and always input energy The ratio λ of amount1
Step 7: unload load-deformation curve according to rock sample adding before peak strength and be integrated obtaining calculating peak The total input energy U of value hot spot1, it is thus achieved that when being in peak strength point, the elastic strain energy of rock interior is U1e=U1·λ1
Described rock sample destroys required dissipation energy U after peak strengthrs, by load-deformation curve behind peak It is integrated calculating and obtains.
The diameter D of described column type rock sample is taken as 48-51mm, and highly L is 2.0 times of diameter length.
Beneficial effect
The invention provides a kind of method judging rock material generation Rock burst proneness, reach peak strength based on rock Time be stored in the elastic strain energy of inside more than destroying required dissipation energy, as the necessary bar with Rock burst proneness behind peak Part proposes.After peak strength, the dissipation energy needed for the rock failure mechanism of rock is tried to achieve according to load-deformation curve after peak strength, by right The unloading that once adds of rock sample is tested, and finds true series of values (Ki) with peak value before elastic strain energy can ratio with total input (λiBetween) linear, obtain this linear relation according to 5 groups of experimental datas, and then rock can be obtained reach peak strength Time elastic strain energy and total input can ratio λ1, and total input when rock reaches peak strength can U1According to stress-strain Curve is obtained, thus obtains elastic deformation energy U when rock reaches peak strength1e=U1·λ1.Bent further according to stress-strain Energy U needed for stability disruption obtained behind peak by liners, then carry out U1eWith UrsComparison.By always cannot the problem of quantum chemical method, logical Cross substantial amounts of test and be found that its inherent laws, breakthrough elastic deformation energy when rock reaches peak strength achieve Quantum chemical method, solves the elastic strain energy that can not immediately unload and then cannot calculate internal reservoir when rock reaches peak strength Problem, after utilizing the elastic strain energy calculated and peak, Dissipated energy compares, and then judges whether rock material possesses rock burst Tendentiousness.The present invention is that the determination of rock material Rock burst proneness provides a kind of brand-new method of discrimination.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is column type sample schematic perspective view;
Fig. 2 is that rock sample once adds the complete stress-strain curve of unloading;
Fig. 3 is that in Fig. 2, rock sample adds unloading stress-strain curve;
Fig. 4 is loading stress-strain curve figure again after rock sample adds unloading in Fig. 2.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1:
Carry out rock conventional one-axis compression test and once adding at INSTRON-1346 electro-hydraulic servo testing machine to unload Carry experiment, rock is judged.
Detailed process is as follows:
The diameter D using column type sample is taken as 48-51mm, and length (thickness) L of sample is taken as 96-102mm, i.e. diameter 2.0 times, as shown in Figure 1.Test should follow these steps to carry out:
(1) first carry out conventional one-axis compression test, carry out loading directly with 0.065mm/min displacement loading speed by sample To destroying, obtain the uniaxial compressive strength σ of rock samplec, σcCan directly read according to the data that testing machine test obtains.
(2) separately take 5 samples and be respectively loaded on 0.7 σ with identical loading speedc, 0.75 σc, 0.8 σc, 0.85 σc, 0.9 σc, then unload with 0.065mm/min, be unloaded to 0.02 σc, corresponding curve is shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the most again loads straight Destroying to sample, obtain sample once adds unloading stress-strain complete curve, sees Fig. 2.
(3) (K is obtained according to specific experiment data0.70.7), (K0.750.75), (K0.80.8), (K0.850.85), (K0.90.9) these five groups of data, it is thus achieved that relation curve between the two, matching draws both relational expressions: f (λi)=W (Ki), K=1 substitutes into above formula, and K=1 represents that carry out unloading reloads when peak strength, and now unloading point stress is equal to peak strength, Elastic strain energy U when rock reaches peak strength can be obtained1eCan U with total input1Ratio λ1, and rock to reach peak value strong Total input when spending can U1Can obtain according to load-deformation curve, then elastic strain energy when rock reaches peak strength can To be calculated by following formula: U1e=U1·λ1
(4) finally according to rock load-deformation curve after peak strength, needed for continuing stability disruption after obtaining peak Energy Urs, area that i.e. load-deformation curve curve in post-peak area and coordinate axes are surrounded, see Fig. 4.
(5) U is then carried out1eAnd UrsCompare, if U1e-Urs> 0, then rock material has Rock burst proneness;If U1e-Urs≤ 0, then rock material does not have Rock burst proneness.

Claims (4)

1. the method judging rock material generation Rock burst proneness, it is characterised in that column type rock sample is placed on just Property electro-hydraulic servo control of material testing machine on, load until rock examination with the displacement loading speed of (0.063-0.067) mm/min When sample destroys, obtain elastic strain energy U being stored in rock element when rock test is in peak strength pointeBroken with after peak value Energy U needed for Huairs, work as Ue-Urs> 0, then it is assumed that rock material has Rock burst proneness;If Ue-Ure≤ 0, then rock material without Rock burst proneness.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in elastic strain energy U that is stored in rock elemente's Measurement process is as follows:
Step 1: according to rock mechanics uniaxial compression test code, takes column type rock sample and is placed in rigidity electro-hydraulic servo material On Control experiment machine, load until rock sample destroys with the displacement loading speed of (0.063-0.067) mm/min, record rock The uniaxial compressive strength σ of samplec
Step 2: again take 5 identical column type rock samples, with identical displacement loading speed, rock test is added Carry, be respectively loaded on different stress level 0.7 σc, 0.75 σc, 0.8 σc, 0.85 σc, 0.9 σc, then with (0.063-0.067) mm/ Min rate of displacement unloads, and five rock samples are all unloaded to 0.02 σc
Step 3: again to being unloaded to 0.02 σ in step 2cRock sample respectively with the position of (0.063-0.067) mm/min Moving loading speed to load until rock sample destroys, obtain rock sample adds unloading load-deformation curve, thus obtains each Rock sample peak strength after second time loads, is respectively (σc 0.7, σc 0.75, σc 0.8, σc 0.85, σc 0.9);
Step 4: set rock sample and add the stress level actual value of unloading as Ki,(i=0.7,0.75,0.8,0.85, 0.9);
Set rock elasticity strain energy at unloading point and total input can ratio as λi,
Wherein, i represents the uniaxial compressive strength σ of rock samplecMultiple;UieAnd UiRespectively represent rock sample add unloading should Power is i σcTime, rock sample is in the total input energy of unloading point and elastic strain energy, wherein, and total at unloading point of rock sample Input energy by rock sample is carried out displacement loading until when sample destroys the loaded line that obtains and axis of abscissas surrounded Area;
Step 5: utilize the data that step 1 step 3 gathers, obtains and organizes K moreiiValue, and to KiiCarry out linear fit, obtain KiiLinear relationship function f (λi)=W (Ki);
Step 6: make K=1, utilizes the function that step 5 obtains to calculate rock elasticity strain energy and total input energy at unloading point Ratio λ1
Step 7: to be integrated obtaining calculating peak value strong according to the rock sample adding unloading load-deformation curve before peak strength The total input energy U of degree point1, it is thus achieved that when being in peak strength point, the elastic strain energy of rock interior is U1e=U1·λ1
Method the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that described rock sample destroys required after peak strength Dissipation energy Urs, obtain by being integrated load-deformation curve behind peak calculating.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the diameter D of described column type rock sample is taken as 48- 51mm, highly L are 2.0 times of diameter length.
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Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107704718A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-02-16 中南大学 A kind of method for calculating rock material elastic strain energy density at compression test peak strength point
CN107831069A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-03-23 中南大学 A kind of method that elastic deformation energy at rock material peak load point is determined in Point Load Tests
CN107991184A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-05-04 中南大学 A kind of Rock burst proneness Grade Judgment based on residual elasticity strain energy index
CN107991195A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-05-04 中南大学 A kind of method that elastic deformation energy at rock material peak load point is measured in three-point bending fracture experiment
CN107991185A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-05-04 中南大学 A kind of Rock burst proneness Grade Judgment based on rock material peak value elastic energy index
CN108007759A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-05-08 中南大学 A kind of method that elastic deformation energy at rock material peak load point is measured in Brazilian diametral compression test
CN108051296A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-05-18 中南大学 A kind of method that elastic deformation energy at rock material peak load point is measured in Mixed Mode Fracture experiment
CN110031304A (en) * 2019-04-25 2019-07-19 四川大学 A kind of rock deformation and failure mode prediction method
CN110044716A (en) * 2019-02-02 2019-07-23 中南大学 Rock burst proneness Grade Judgment of the response lag than index is unloaded based on adding
CN110296892A (en) * 2019-08-08 2019-10-01 中国矿业大学(北京) Method is determined based on feature stresses during the rock material damage development of energy spectrometer
CN111189711A (en) * 2020-01-15 2020-05-22 西安理工大学 Rock yield strength determination method based on energy dissipation
CN112268817A (en) * 2020-10-26 2021-01-26 长安大学 Rock shear fracture judging method in normal unloading direct shear test
CN114113335A (en) * 2021-12-10 2022-03-01 东北大学 Rock dissipation energy space-time distribution quantification method based on acoustic emission/microseismic monitoring
CN115326565A (en) * 2022-08-10 2022-11-11 中南大学 Rock material stress threshold calculation method based on energy difference in loading process
CN115773937A (en) * 2022-12-10 2023-03-10 北京科技大学 Strain rock burst tendency grade discrimination method

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CN107831069A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-03-23 中南大学 A kind of method that elastic deformation energy at rock material peak load point is determined in Point Load Tests
CN107991184A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-05-04 中南大学 A kind of Rock burst proneness Grade Judgment based on residual elasticity strain energy index
CN107991195A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-05-04 中南大学 A kind of method that elastic deformation energy at rock material peak load point is measured in three-point bending fracture experiment
CN107991185A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-05-04 中南大学 A kind of Rock burst proneness Grade Judgment based on rock material peak value elastic energy index
CN108007759A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-05-08 中南大学 A kind of method that elastic deformation energy at rock material peak load point is measured in Brazilian diametral compression test
CN108051296A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-05-18 中南大学 A kind of method that elastic deformation energy at rock material peak load point is measured in Mixed Mode Fracture experiment
CN107704718A (en) * 2017-11-27 2018-02-16 中南大学 A kind of method for calculating rock material elastic strain energy density at compression test peak strength point
CN110044716A (en) * 2019-02-02 2019-07-23 中南大学 Rock burst proneness Grade Judgment of the response lag than index is unloaded based on adding
CN110031304B (en) * 2019-04-25 2020-04-21 四川大学 Rock deformation failure mode prediction method
CN110031304A (en) * 2019-04-25 2019-07-19 四川大学 A kind of rock deformation and failure mode prediction method
CN110296892A (en) * 2019-08-08 2019-10-01 中国矿业大学(北京) Method is determined based on feature stresses during the rock material damage development of energy spectrometer
CN111189711A (en) * 2020-01-15 2020-05-22 西安理工大学 Rock yield strength determination method based on energy dissipation
CN111189711B (en) * 2020-01-15 2023-03-21 西安理工大学 Rock yield strength determination method based on energy dissipation
CN112268817A (en) * 2020-10-26 2021-01-26 长安大学 Rock shear fracture judging method in normal unloading direct shear test
CN112268817B (en) * 2020-10-26 2024-04-09 长安大学 Rock shearing fracture discrimination method in normal unloading direct shear test
CN114113335A (en) * 2021-12-10 2022-03-01 东北大学 Rock dissipation energy space-time distribution quantification method based on acoustic emission/microseismic monitoring
CN114113335B (en) * 2021-12-10 2023-12-22 东北大学 Rock dissipation energy space-time distribution quantization method based on acoustic emission/microseism monitoring
CN115326565A (en) * 2022-08-10 2022-11-11 中南大学 Rock material stress threshold calculation method based on energy difference in loading process
CN115326565B (en) * 2022-08-10 2024-04-30 中南大学 Rock material stress threshold value calculation method based on energy difference in loading process
CN115773937A (en) * 2022-12-10 2023-03-10 北京科技大学 Strain rock burst tendency grade discrimination method
CN115773937B (en) * 2022-12-10 2023-08-08 北京科技大学 Strain type rock burst tendency grade discrimination method

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