CN105736273A - Magnetic circuit structure for Hall thruster with large height-diameter ratio - Google Patents
Magnetic circuit structure for Hall thruster with large height-diameter ratio Download PDFInfo
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- CN105736273A CN105736273A CN201610221522.3A CN201610221522A CN105736273A CN 105736273 A CN105736273 A CN 105736273A CN 201610221522 A CN201610221522 A CN 201610221522A CN 105736273 A CN105736273 A CN 105736273A
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03H—PRODUCING A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03H1/00—Using plasma to produce a reactive propulsive thrust
- F03H1/0037—Electrostatic ion thrusters
- F03H1/0062—Electrostatic ion thrusters grid-less with an applied magnetic field
- F03H1/0075—Electrostatic ion thrusters grid-less with an applied magnetic field with an annular channel; Hall-effect thrusters with closed electron drift
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03H—PRODUCING A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03H1/00—Using plasma to produce a reactive propulsive thrust
- F03H1/0081—Electromagnetic plasma thrusters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma Technology (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a magnetic circuit structure for a Hall thruster with a large height-diameter ratio and belongs to the field of the spaceflight electric propulsion technology and the plasma technology. The magnetic circuit structure aims at solving the problem that in order to increase the height-diameter ratio of a discharging channel under the condition that the size of the Hall thruster is kept not to be increased, the magnetic circuit structure design is not ideal. The magnetic circuit structure comprises an upper magnetic pole plate, a lower magnetic conductive bottom plate, an inner iron core, an outer magnetic conductive shield and a magnetic screen. The upper magnetic pole plate of an annular structure is arranged at the upper edge of the outer magnetic conductive shield. The inner iron core of a cylindrical structure is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the lower magnetic conductive bottom plate. The magnetic screen comprises an outer magnetic screen body, an inner magnetic screen body and a magnetic screen base. The outer magnetic screen body is of a cylindrical structure. The magnetic screen base is of a circular-ring-shaped flat plate structure. The inner magnetic screen body is of a trumpet-shaped structure with a downward opening. A clearance is formed between the trumpet small opening end of the inner magnetic screen body and the side wall of the inner iron core. The trumpet large opening end of the inner magnetic screen body is fixed to the inner ring end of the magnetic screen base. The outer ring end of the magnetic screen base is fixed to the inner side wall of the outer magnetic conductive shield. The lower edge of the outer magnetic screen body is fixed to the upper surface of the ring surface of the magnetic screen base.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to space flight electric propulsion technology and technical field of plasma.
Background technology
Hall thruster is that one utilizes crossed electric and magnetic field ionization and accelerates atom working medium, convert electrical energy into the electric thruster of ion kinetic energy, have simple in construction, ratio is leapt high, efficiency is high, high reliability, suitable in tasks such as the gesture stability of all kinds of spacecrafts, position maintenance, surveies of deep space, it is apply one of the most ripe electric propulsion device in the world at present.
Magnetic Field Design in hall thruster passage is part indispensable in thruster research, and it is to maintain thruster to discharge continually and steadily, control the key that ion beam current is dispersed.The magnetic field that desirable magnetic structure is formed should ensure that hall thruster regular picture works, and it is big along channel centerline magnetic field gradient, maximum field strength position is reasonable, ion has the effect of focusing, to reduce the sputtering etching of ion pair pottery wall.
Hall thruster just develops towards direction high-power, high thrust, so that spacecraft can obtain big speed increment at short notice, shortens task time.It is certain that the acceleration mechanism of hall thruster determines its pushing force density, and therefore increase thrust carries high-power Main Means is increase flow area.The major measure increasing flow area at present is to keep certain passage ratio of height to diameter channel width and increase radial dimension on the basis of the ratio of passage central diameter.But, the weight of thruster so both can be caused to increase too much, be unfavorable for spacecraft oeverall quality and cost control, thruster can be caused again to become difficulty in spaceborne mounting arrangement.In order to evade the problems referred to above, adopt the design of larger ratio of height to diameter to increase the important directions that flow area is the development of high-power high thrust hall thruster under the premise keeping radial dimension to be basically unchanged.Relative to equal radial dimension of thruster, larger ratio of height to diameter thruster is faced with two new challenges in Magnetic Field Design: one is that internal magnetic circuit space is inevitably compressed, ensure that the structural design of efficient excitation becomes difficulty, two is that inside and outside distance between two poles magnetic gap increases, and passage internal magnetic field intensity is difficult to ensure that.
To sum up, at hall thruster towards in the evolution of high-power, high thrust, the thruster of larger ratio of height to diameter channel configurations has big thrust loading, undersized advantage；But, field performance when larger ratio of height to diameter and efficiency face the challenge.Need a kind of reasonably magnetic structure design, it is possible to meet the magnetic field that desirable magnetic structure is formed.
Summary of the invention
The invention aims to solve hall thruster and keep under the premise that radial contour size does not increase, the problem that larger ratio of height to diameter passage designs the Magnetic Field Design difficulty brought is adopted, it is provided that the magnetic structure of a kind of larger ratio of height to diameter hall thruster in order to increase discharge channel area.
The magnetic structure of a kind of larger ratio of height to diameter hall thruster of the present invention, it includes pole plate, outer magnetism-guiding hood, lower magnetic conduction base plate, interior iron core and magnetic cup；
Lower magnetic conduction base plate and outer magnetism-guiding hood surround the drum-shaped structure of upward opening jointly；
The upper edge of outer magnetism-guiding hood arranges the upper pole plate of loop configuration, and described upper pole plate is relative up and down with lower magnetic conduction base plate；
The upper surface center of lower magnetic conduction base plate is provided with the interior iron core of cylindrical structural；
Magnetic cup includes outer magnetic cup, interior magnetic cup and magnetic cup base；Outer magnetic cup is cylinder type, magnetic cup base is annular slab construction, interior magnetic cup is downwardly open horn-type structure, gap is there is between loudspeaker osculum end and the sidewall of interior iron core of interior magnetic cup, the loudspeaker big opening end of interior magnetic cup is fixed on the internal ring end of magnetic cup base, and the outer shroud end of magnetic cup base is fixed on the medial wall of outer magnetism-guiding hood；The lower edge of outer magnetic cup is fixed on the anchor ring upper surface of magnetic cup base；
Space between magnetic cup base and lower magnetic conduction base plate is used for installing magnet exciting coil；Space between outer magnetic cup and outer magnetism-guiding hood top is used for installing magnet exciting coil.
Interior magnetic cup is designed as inclination, and discharge channel external diameter is constant, and vias inner walls is towards tilted, and interior iron core is inwardly indented.After the optimization of structure, the magnetic field configuration that magnetic circuit obtains is as shown in the figure, magnetic field intensity in passage will change owing to the distance of inside and outside magnetic cup changes, magnetic field can be optimized by regulating outer magnetic cup and the physical dimension of outer magnetic cup, the number of turn of coil and exciting current, to obtain suitable magnetic field gradient and suitable maximum magnetic field strength position.
Advantages of the present invention:
1 hall thruster magnetic structure of the present invention, by tilting interior magnetic cup and optimizing magnetic structure so that the ratio of height to diameter of discharge channel increases, increasing discharge channel area, while increasing thrust, it is possible to the not too much radial structure size increasing thruster；
Bend in 2 channel interior magnetic force alignment passages, centrage and the channel centerline in magnetic field are basically identical, point to the axis of thruster, ion beam after working medium ionization acceleration can be moved by such magnetic field towards direction, thruster axis, decreases the sputtering etching of ion pair channel outlet section outside wall surface.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the magnetic structure of larger ratio of height to diameter hall thruster of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is larger ratio of height to diameter hall thruster discharge channel internal magnetic field topographic diagram in the present invention, and the straight line in passage is channel centerline；
Fig. 3 is the magnetic field distribution figure of larger ratio of height to diameter hall thruster discharge channel centrage in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description of the invention one: present embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the magnetic structure of a kind of larger ratio of height to diameter hall thruster described in present embodiment, it includes pole plate 1, outer magnetism-guiding hood 2, lower magnetic conduction base plate 3, interior iron core 4 and magnetic cup 5；
Lower magnetic conduction base plate 3 and outer magnetism-guiding hood 2 surround the drum-shaped structure of upward opening jointly；
The upper edge of outer magnetism-guiding hood 2 arranges the upper pole plate 1 of loop configuration, and described upper pole plate 1 is relative with lower magnetic conduction base plate about 3；
The upper surface center of lower magnetic conduction base plate 3 is provided with the interior iron core 4 of cylindrical structural；
Magnetic cup 5 includes outer magnetic cup 51, interior magnetic cup 52 and magnetic cup base 53；Outer magnetic cup 51 is cylinder type, magnetic cup base 53 is annular slab construction, interior magnetic cup 52 is downwardly open horn-type structure, gap is there is between loudspeaker osculum end and the sidewall of interior iron core 4 of interior magnetic cup 52, the loudspeaker big opening end of interior magnetic cup 52 is fixed on the internal ring end of magnetic cup base 53, and the outer shroud end of magnetic cup base 53 is fixed on the medial wall of outer magnetism-guiding hood 2；The lower edge of outer magnetic cup 51 is fixed on the anchor ring upper surface of magnetic cup base 53；
Space between magnetic cup base 53 and lower magnetic conduction base plate 3 is used for installing magnet exciting coil；Space between outer magnetic cup 51 and outer magnetism-guiding hood 2 top is used for installing magnet exciting coil.
Interior magnetic cup 52 is designed as inclination, and discharge channel external diameter is constant, and vias inner walls is towards tilted, and interior iron core 4 is inwardly indented.After the optimization of structure, the magnetic field configuration that magnetic circuit obtains is as shown in Figure 2, magnetic field intensity in passage will change owing to the distance of inside and outside magnetic cup changes, magnetic field can be optimized by regulating outer magnetic cup 51 and the physical dimension of interior magnetic cup 52, the number of turn of coil and exciting current, to obtain suitable magnetic field gradient and suitable maximum magnetic field strength position.
When designing magnetic field configuration as shown in Figure 2, the present invention has been substantially carried out following design:
The magnetic structure design of larger ratio of height to diameter hall thruster in 1 present invention, inside contracting mainly by by interior iron core 4, interior magnetic cup 52 slopes inwardly, to obtain bending in the magnetic force alignment passage in magnetic field, further, the centrage of the magnetic line of force points to the axis of thruster along channel centerline.Discharge channel so can be facilitated to be designed as inwall slope inwardly and the structure of indentation, to obtain big ratio of height to diameter, under not increasing the radial dimension of situation of thruster, it is possible to increase hall thruster discharge channel flow area；
2 due in the present invention discharge channel inwall tilt towards thruster axis and shorten axial length, magnetic line of force centrage that magnetic Circuit Design obtains and channel centerline all point to the axis of thruster, in the process of thruster work, ion beam will converge to axis, and this can reduce the sputtering etching of ion pair wall；
3 for curving inwardly the reduction of discharge channel internal magnetic field intensity causing the spacing of inside and outside magnetic cup to increase and to produce due to interior magnetic cup 52, by the size mainly through changing the magnet exciting coil number of turn and exciting current, in conjunction with the thickness adjusting upper pole plate and lower magnetic conduction base plate, the length of inside and outside magnetic cup optimizes magnetic field, to obtain suitable magnetic field intensity to increase ionizing efficiency, obtained change of magnetic field strength is as it is shown on figure 3, the maximum of magnetic field intensity is more than 280Gauss；Further, by suitable design and optimization, the magnetic field intensity obtained can reach greater value；
4 at channel exit, by the inner circle border of upper pole plate is carried out trimming process so that channel exit increases near the degree of crook of the magnetic line of force of outside wall surface, surrounds the outer wall outlet section of pottery.
In sum, these are only embodiments of the invention, be not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.All within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any amendment of making, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention two: embodiment one is described further by present embodiment, the height of interior iron core 4 is lower than the height of outer magnetism-guiding hood 2.
Detailed description of the invention three: embodiment one is described further by present embodiment, outer magnetism-guiding hood 2 includes outside top magnetism-guiding hood 22 outside magnetism-guiding hood 21 and bottom, the outer shroud end of clamping magnetic cup base 53 between magnetism-guiding hood 22 outside magnetism-guiding hood 21 and bottom outside top.
Detailed description of the invention four: embodiment one is described further by present embodiment, the material of upper pole plate 1, outer magnetism-guiding hood 2, lower magnetic conduction base plate 3, interior iron core 4 and magnetic cup 5 is DT4C.
Detailed description of the invention five: embodiment one is described further by present embodiment, the top of interior iron core 4 is globoidal structure.The top of the internal iron core of present embodiment 4 carries out round and smooth process, makes structure smoother, and magnetic line of force configuration more optimizes.
According to the actual requirements interior iron core 4 top can also be carried out other shape process.
Claims (5)
1. the magnetic structure of a larger ratio of height to diameter hall thruster, it is characterised in that it includes pole plate (1), outer magnetism-guiding hood (2), lower magnetic conduction base plate (3), interior iron core (4) and magnetic cup (5)；
Lower magnetic conduction base plate (3) and outer magnetism-guiding hood (2) surround the drum-shaped structure of upward opening jointly；
The upper edge of outer magnetism-guiding hood (2) arranges the upper pole plate (1) of loop configuration, and described upper pole plate (1) is relative up and down with lower magnetic conduction base plate (3)；
The upper surface center of lower magnetic conduction base plate (3) is provided with the interior iron core (4) of cylindrical structural；
Magnetic cup (5) includes outer magnetic cup (51), interior magnetic cup (52) and magnetic cup base (53)；Outer magnetic cup (51) is cylinder type, magnetic cup base (53) is annular slab construction, interior magnetic cup (52) is downwardly open horn-type structure, gap is there is between loudspeaker osculum end and the sidewall of interior iron core (4) of interior magnetic cup (52), the loudspeaker big opening end of interior magnetic cup (52) is fixed on the internal ring end of magnetic cup base (53), and the outer shroud end of magnetic cup base (53) is fixed on the medial wall of outer magnetism-guiding hood (2)；The lower edge of outer magnetic cup (51) is fixed on the anchor ring upper surface of magnetic cup base (53)；
Space between magnetic cup base (53) and lower magnetic conduction base plate (3) is used for installing magnet exciting coil；Space between outer magnetic cup (51) and outer magnetism-guiding hood (2) top is used for installing magnet exciting coil.
2. the magnetic structure of a kind of larger ratio of height to diameter hall thruster according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the height of interior iron core (4) is lower than the height of outer magnetism-guiding hood (2).
3. the magnetic structure of a kind of larger ratio of height to diameter hall thruster according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, outer magnetism-guiding hood (2) includes magnetism-guiding hood (22) outside magnetism-guiding hood outside top (21) and bottom, the outer shroud end of clamping magnetic cup base (53) between magnetism-guiding hood (22) outside magnetism-guiding hood (21) and bottom outside top.
4. the magnetic structure of a kind of larger ratio of height to diameter hall thruster according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the material of upper pole plate (1), outer magnetism-guiding hood (2), lower magnetic conduction base plate (3), interior iron core (4) and magnetic cup (5) is DT4C.
5. the magnetic structure of a kind of larger ratio of height to diameter hall thruster according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the top of interior iron core (4) is globoidal structure.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106286180A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-01-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | The magnetic field shielding case of cusped magnetic field thruster |
| CN108894939A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-11-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | The magnetic field gradient of larger ratio of height to diameter hall thruster regulates and controls method |
| CN109779865A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-05-21 | 南华大学 | Permanent magnetism hall thruster igniter |
| CN110894823A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-03-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Anti-magnetic interference support applied to Hall thruster cluster |
| CN111075676A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-04-28 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | Permanent magnet Hall thruster |
| CN111219304A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2020-06-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Magnetic screen structure of Hall thruster with large height-diameter ratio |
| CN112628098A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-04-09 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Hall accelerator with sinking type hollow inner magnetic pole structure |
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| JP2006147449A (en) * | 2004-11-24 | 2006-06-08 | Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency | High-frequency discharge plasma generation type two-step hole effect plasma accelerator |
| JP2007120424A (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2007-05-17 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Hall thruster and aerospace vehicle |
| CN102630277A (en) * | 2009-09-17 | 2012-08-08 | 斯奈克玛公司 | Hall-effect plasma thruster |
| CN104632565A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-05-20 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | Hall thruster magnetic circuit structure |
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2016
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20060076872A1 (en) * | 2001-09-10 | 2006-04-13 | Aerojet-General Corporation | Hall effect thruster with anode having magnetic field barrier |
| JP2006147449A (en) * | 2004-11-24 | 2006-06-08 | Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency | High-frequency discharge plasma generation type two-step hole effect plasma accelerator |
| JP2007120424A (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2007-05-17 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Hall thruster and aerospace vehicle |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106286180A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-01-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | The magnetic field shielding case of cusped magnetic field thruster |
| CN108894939A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-11-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | The magnetic field gradient of larger ratio of height to diameter hall thruster regulates and controls method |
| CN109779865A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-05-21 | 南华大学 | Permanent magnetism hall thruster igniter |
| CN109779865B (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2024-04-19 | 南华大学 | Ignition device of permanent magnet Hall thruster |
| CN111219304A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2020-06-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Magnetic screen structure of Hall thruster with large height-diameter ratio |
| CN111219304B (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2021-01-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Magnetic screen structure of Hall thruster with large height-diameter ratio |
| CN111075676A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-04-28 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | Permanent magnet Hall thruster |
| CN110894823A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-03-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Anti-magnetic interference support applied to Hall thruster cluster |
| CN110894823B (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2021-02-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Anti-magnetic interference support applied to Hall thruster cluster |
| CN112628098A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-04-09 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Hall accelerator with sinking type hollow inner magnetic pole structure |
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| CN105736273B (en) | 2018-09-07 |
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