CN105734694B - A kind of air pressure is to liquid formula electrostatic spinning apparatus and its method for preparing nanometer fiber net - Google Patents

A kind of air pressure is to liquid formula electrostatic spinning apparatus and its method for preparing nanometer fiber net Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105734694B
CN105734694B CN201610131017.XA CN201610131017A CN105734694B CN 105734694 B CN105734694 B CN 105734694B CN 201610131017 A CN201610131017 A CN 201610131017A CN 105734694 B CN105734694 B CN 105734694B
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China
Prior art keywords
air pressure
liquid
spinneret
taper
shaped
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CN201610131017.XA
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CN105734694A (en
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刘呈坤
于群
贺海军
李博昱
孙润军
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Xian Polytechnic University
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Xian Polytechnic University
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/0007Electro-spinning
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/728Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of air pressure to give liquid formula electrostatic spinning apparatus, including air pressure liquid dispensing apparatus, the outlet of air pressure liquid dispensing apparatus spinning solution is provided with spinneret, taper short nozzle is installed on spinneret, the head end of the short nozzle of taper connects the cathode of high-voltage D.C. generator, spinneret is arranged above reception device, reception device ground connection, and reception device is driven by motor and moved back and forth.The invention also discloses the method for preparing nanometer fiber net using above device.The present invention drives to liquid and is provided by air pressure, instead of traditional mechanical driving, it is ensured that uniform spinning speed;The probability of syringe needle blocking is substantially reduced by using the short nozzle of taper, improves spinning efficiency;And the electric jamming between spinning head substantially reduces, the uniformity of web is effectively improved;By the forward and reverse winding of metal collection curtain, not only increase web and collect area, and the electric charge in web can be guided by the contact with metal collection curtain in winding process in time.

Description

A kind of air pressure is to liquid formula electrostatic spinning apparatus and its method for preparing nanometer fiber net
Technical field
The invention belongs to electrostatic spinning technique field, is related to a kind of air pressure and gives liquid formula electrostatic spinning apparatus, the present invention also relates to And the method that nanometer fiber net is prepared using above device.
Background technology
Nanofiber has the good characteristics such as size is small, specific surface area is big, fiber membrane aperture is small, porosity is high, application Mainly there are filtering material, battery diaphragm and sound-absorbing material etc. in field.Method of electrostatic spinning is the main side of current production nanofiber Method, this depend on its can spin raw material sources extensively, wide variety, and spinning principle is simple, easy to operate, of low cost etc. Characteristic.
It is the target that researchers explore always efficiently to prepare nanofibers.Not only required fiber size small, but also required fine Dimension yield height is electrostatic spinning to move towards the industrialization the biggest problem that production faces from laboratory.Up to the present, Nanowire is improved Tieing up the technology of yield mainly includes multiinjector electrostatic spinning technique, without nozzle electrostatic spinning technique, air-flow auxiliary multiinjector electrostatic Spining technology and centrifugation electrostatic spinning technique etc..
But in spinning process is carried out using conventional spinning head, there are many problems, such as spinning head easily to block, be not easy Open and difficult cleaning etc., so not only influence the continuity of spinning, can also reduce spinning efficiency, or even also spinning head can be caused Damage so that cost of spinning increase, these are for realizing that industrialized production is all very unfavorable factor.
The content of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of air pressure to give liquid formula electrostatic spinning apparatus, solves spinneret during electrostatic spinning Susceptible to plugging problem.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide prepare nanofiber to liquid formula electrostatic spinning apparatus using a kind of above-mentioned air pressure The method of net.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is that liquid formula electrostatic spinning apparatus, including air pressure liquid dispensing apparatus are given in a kind of air pressure, The outlet of air pressure liquid dispensing apparatus spinning solution is provided with spinneret, and the short nozzle of taper, the head end of the short nozzle of taper are provided with spinneret The cathode of high-voltage D.C. generator is connect, spinneret is arranged above reception device, reception device ground connection, and reception device passes through motor Driving moves back and forth.
The features of the present invention also resides in,
Air pressure liquid dispensing apparatus gives liquid pipe including U-shaped, and U-shaped to piston is provided with liquid pipe, U-shaped is provided with spray to liquid pipe one end Filament plate, U-shaped that the liquid pipe other end is provided with sealing cover, U-shaped to air inlet is provided with liquid pipe side wall, air inlet is located at sealing cover Downside, air inlet are connected by gas-guide tube with air bottle.
U-shaped that liquid pipe side wall is provided with liquid outlet, liquid outlet present position is higher than spinneret and is less than the short nozzle top of taper End, liquid outlet are connected with catheter one end, and the catheter other end stretches into polyrrhea groove.
Air pressure regulator and pressure gauge are respectively arranged with air bottle.
Reception device includes metal collection curtain, and metal collection curtain both ends are respectively arranged with rolling curtain roller, and rolling curtain roller connects with motor Connect, metal collection curtain is located at directly over spinneret.
Another technical solution of the present invention is that a kind of method for preparing nanometer fiber net, used air pressure is given Liquid formula electrostatic spinning apparatus, including air pressure liquid dispensing apparatus, air pressure liquid dispensing apparatus spinning solution, which exports, is provided with spinneret, on spinneret The short nozzle of taper is installed, the head end of the short nozzle of taper connects the cathode of high-voltage D.C. generator, and spinneret is arranged above receiving Device, reception device ground connection, reception device are driven by motor and moved back and forth;
Air pressure liquid dispensing apparatus gives liquid pipe including U-shaped, and U-shaped to piston is provided with liquid pipe, U-shaped is provided with spray to liquid pipe one end Filament plate, U-shaped that the liquid pipe other end is provided with sealing cover, U-shaped to air inlet is provided with liquid pipe side wall, air inlet is located at sealing cover Downside, air inlet are connected by gas-guide tube with air bottle;
U-shaped that liquid pipe side wall is provided with liquid outlet, liquid outlet position present position is higher than spinneret and is less than the short nozzle of taper Top, liquid outlet are connected with catheter one end, and the catheter other end stretches into polyrrhea groove;
Air pressure regulator and pressure gauge are respectively arranged with air bottle;
Reception device includes metal collection curtain, and metal collection curtain both ends are respectively arranged with rolling curtain roller, and rolling curtain roller connects with motor Connect, metal collection curtain is located at directly over spinneret;
Specifically implement according to the following steps:
By spinning solution inject it is U-shaped give liquid pipe in, adjust air pressure regulator, make spinning solution from the short nozzle uniform flow of all tapers Go out, adjust the reception distance between the short nozzle of taper and metal collection curtain;High voltage direct current generator is opened, adjusts applied voltage, So that drop and jet stability;Form electric field between the short nozzle of taper and metal collection curtain, Static Spinning jet stream is from the tapered injection crown The spherical drop top that portion is formed sprays, and is stretched under the action of electric field force, and spirally movement locus is deposited on metal receipts Collect the surface of curtain, while open motor driving metal collection curtain to move back and forth horizontally;Finally, received on the surface of metal collection curtain Collect nanometer fiber net in uniform thickness.
The features of the present invention also resides in,
Reception distance between the short nozzle of taper and metal collection curtain is 100mm~200mm.
Applied voltage is 20kV~40kV.
The translational speed of metal collection curtain is 6m/min~60m/min.
The short nozzle internal diameter of taper is 0.5mm~2mm.
The invention has the advantages that
There is provided 1. being driven to liquid by air pressure, instead of traditional mechanical driving, can by the unification of air-pot to liquid To ensure uniform spinning speed so that device is more simple;
2. replacing conventional metals syringe needle by using the short nozzle of taper, the probability of syringe needle blocking is substantially reduced, is made at the same time Clean more convenient, raising spinning efficiency;
3. the short nozzle of taper, relative to conventional metals syringe needle, the electric jamming between spinning head substantially reduces, and is effectively improved The uniformity of web;
4. by the forward and reverse winding of metal collection curtain, it can not only realize and collect dramatically increasing for fiber membrane area, but also can incite somebody to action Electric charge in tunica fibrosa is guided by the contact with metal collection curtain in winding process in time.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structure diagram of the air pressure of the present invention to liquid formula electrostatic spinning apparatus;
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of the short nozzle of bevel-type in electrostatic spinning apparatus of the present invention.
In figure, 1. polyrrhea grooves, 2. catheters, 3. liquid outlets, 4. spinnerets, the short nozzle of 5. tapers, the generation of 6. high direct voltages Device, 7. motors, 8. metal collection curtains, 9.U types are to liquid pipe, 10. sealing covers, 11. air inlets, 12. pistons, 13. gas-guide tubes, and 14. Pressure gauge, 15. air pressure regulators, 16. air bottles.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
A kind of air pressure of the present invention is to its structure of liquid formula electrostatic spinning apparatus as shown in Figure 1, including air pressure liquid dispensing apparatus, air pressure The outlet of liquid dispensing apparatus spinning solution is provided with spinneret 4, and the short nozzle 5 of some tapers is provided with spinneret 4, the short nozzle 5 of taper For structure as shown in Fig. 2, including hollow main body, main body one end is provided with external screw thread, and main body is connected by external screw thread with spinneret, The main body other end is provided with Conic nozzle, and the internal diameter of Conic nozzle is gradually reduced with away from main body;The head end of the short nozzle 5 of taper Mutually it is in series by conducting wire and is followed by the cathode of high voltage direct current generator 6, spinneret 4 is arranged above reception device, reception device Ground connection, is driven by motor 7 and moved back and forth.
Wherein air pressure liquid dispensing apparatus gives liquid pipe 9 including U-shaped, and U-shaped to piston 12 is provided with liquid pipe 9, U-shaped is to liquid pipe 9 one End is provided with spinneret 4, and U-shaped is provided with liquid outlet 3 to 9 side wall of liquid pipe, and 3 present position of liquid outlet is higher than spinneret 4 and is less than Short 5 top of nozzle of taper, liquid outlet 3 are connected with 2 one end of catheter, and 2 other end of catheter stretches into polyrrhea groove 1, utilizes catheter 2 The spinning solution overflowed in spinning process can be exported to polyrrhea groove 1;It is U-shaped to be used for injecting spinning solution, spinning solution to 9 other end of liquid pipe Sealed after injection using sealing cover 10;The downside of sealing cover 10 sets air inlet 11, and air inlet 11 passes through gas-guide tube 13 and sky Gas cylinder 16 is connected, and drives the U-shaped piston 12 in liquid pipe 9 to move for ventilating, so as to promote spinning solution to be flowed from the short nozzle 5 of taper Go out;
Air pressure regulator 15 and pressure gauge 14 are respectively arranged with air bottle 16, the pressure size shown according to pressure gauge 14 Adjust air pressure regulator 15 with ensure it is appropriate give hydraulic coupling, so as to suitably give liquid speed degree to provide.
Reception device includes metal collection curtain 8, and 8 both ends of metal collection curtain are respectively arranged with rolling curtain roller, rolling curtain roller and motor 7 Connection, metal collection curtain 8 are located at directly over spinneret 4.
The method for preparing nanometer fiber net to liquid formula electrostatic spinning apparatus using a kind of above-mentioned air pressure, specifically according to the following steps Implement:
By U-shaped the giving in liquid pipe 9 of spinning solution injection above device, in the environment that room temperature and relative humidity are 40%~60% In, adjust air pressure regulator 15, treat that spinning solution is uniformly flowed out from the short nozzle 5 of all tapers, adjust receive distance for 100mm~ 200mm, opens high voltage direct current generator 6, adjusts applied voltage 20kV~40kV so that drop and jet stability;The short spray of taper Electric field is formed between first 5 and metal collection curtain 8, Static Spinning jet stream is sprayed from the spherical drop top that the top of Conic nozzle 5 is formed, And stretched under the action of electric field force, spirally movement locus is deposited on the surface of metal collection curtain 8, while opens motor 7 Driving metal collection curtain 8 is moved horizontally with the speed of 6m/min~60m/min.Finally, arrived in the surface collection of metal collection curtain 8 With certain thickness nanometer fiber net.It is logical from the unnecessary spinning solution that Conic nozzle 5 flows out from liquid outlet 3 in spinning process Cross catheter 2 to flow out in polyrrhea groove 1, the spinning solution of recycling can be recycled.
Embodiment 1
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) is dissolved in n,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), is configured to the spinning that concentration is 13wt% Liquid.Spinning solution is injected into air pressure to the U-shaped in liquid pipe 9 of liquid formula electrostatic spinning apparatus, is 40% in room temperature and relative humidity Environment in, the air pressure regulator 15 of air bottle 16 is opened, by adjusting pressure so that spinning liquid energy is from the short nozzle of all tapers 5 uniformly outflows, open high voltage direct current generator 6, it is 20kV to control applied voltage.Spirally movement locus sinks Static Spinning jet stream For product to the surface of metal collection curtain 8, the reception distance between the short nozzle 5 of taper and metal collection curtain 8 is 100mm, is opened at this time Motor 7 drives metal collection curtain 8 to be moved back and forth horizontally with the speed of 6m/min, and after positive and negative rotation 10 times, it is uniform to have obtained thickness Nanometer fiber net.Test result indicates that using this equipment spinning, the probability that nozzle blocks substantially reduces, and easy to clean, receives The uniformity of rice web is significantly improved, and the CV values of Gram Mass are 8.5%.
Embodiment 2
1788 powder of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is dissolved in 70 DEG C of distilled water, is configured to the spinning solution that concentration is 16wt%. Spinning solution is injected into air pressure to the U-shaped in liquid pipe 9 of liquid formula electrostatic spinning apparatus, in the ring that room temperature and relative humidity are 60% In border, the air pressure regulator 15 of air bottle 16 is opened, by adjusting pressure so that spinning liquid energy is equal from the short nozzle 5 of all tapers Uniform flow goes out, and opens high voltage direct current generator 6, it is 40kV to control applied voltage.Spirally movement locus deposits Static Spinning jet stream To the surface of metal collection curtain 8, the reception distance between the short nozzle 5 of taper and metal collection curtain 8 is 200mm, opens electricity at this time Machine 7 drives metal collection curtain 8 to be moved back and forth horizontally with the speed of 60m/min, after positive and negative rotation 10 times, has obtained in uniform thickness Nanometer fiber net.Test result indicates that using this equipment spinning, the probability that nozzle blocks substantially reduces, and easy to clean, nanometer The uniformity of web is significantly improved, and the CV values of Gram Mass are 7.6%.
Embodiment 3
Polyethylene glycol oxide (PEO) is dissolved in 60 DEG C of distilled water, is configured to the spinning solution that concentration is 14wt%.By spinning Liquid is injected into air pressure to the U-shaped in liquid pipe 9 of liquid formula electrostatic spinning apparatus, in the environment that room temperature and relative humidity are 50%, The air pressure regulator 15 of air bottle 16 is opened, by adjusting pressure so that spinning liquid energy is from short 5 uniform flow of nozzle of all tapers Go out;High voltage direct current generator 6 is opened, it is 30kV to control applied voltage.Spirally movement locus deposits to gold to Static Spinning jet stream Belong to the surface for collecting curtain 8, the reception distance between the short nozzle 5 of taper and metal collection curtain 8 is 150mm, opens motor 7 at this time and drives Dynamic metal collection curtain 8 is moved back and forth horizontally with the speed of 40m/min, after positive and negative rotation 10 times, has obtained nanometer in uniform thickness Web.Test result indicates that using this equipment spinning, the probability that nozzle blocks substantially reduces, and easy to clean, nanofiber The uniformity of net is significantly improved, and the CV values of Gram Mass are 8.0%.

Claims (9)

1. liquid formula electrostatic spinning apparatus is given in a kind of air pressure, it is characterised in that including air pressure liquid dispensing apparatus, air pressure liquid dispensing apparatus spinning Liquid outlet is provided with spinneret (4), the short nozzle of taper (5) is provided with spinneret (4), the head end of the short nozzle of taper (5) connects directly The cathode of high pressure generator (6) is flowed, spinneret (4) is arranged above reception device, reception device ground connection, and reception device passes through electricity Machine (7) driving moves back and forth;
The air pressure liquid dispensing apparatus gives liquid pipe (9) including U-shaped, and U-shaped to piston (12) is provided with liquid pipe (9), U-shaped is to liquid pipe (9) one end is provided with spinneret (4), U-shaped that liquid pipe (9) other end is provided with sealing cover (10), U-shaped on liquid pipe (9) side wall Air inlet (11) is provided with, air inlet (11) is located on the downside of sealing cover (10), and air inlet (11) passes through gas-guide tube (13) and air Bottle (16) connection.
2. liquid formula electrostatic spinning apparatus is given in a kind of air pressure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described U-shaped to give liquid pipe (9) side wall is provided with liquid outlet (3), and liquid outlet (3) present position is higher than spinneret (4) and is less than the short nozzle of taper (5) top, Liquid outlet (3) is connected with catheter (2) one end, and catheter (2) other end stretches into polyrrhea groove (1).
3. liquid formula electrostatic spinning apparatus is given in a kind of air pressure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the air bottle (16) On be respectively arranged with air pressure regulator (15) and pressure gauge (14).
4. liquid formula electrostatic spinning apparatus is given in a kind of air pressure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the reception device bag Metal collection curtain (8) is included, metal collection curtain (8) both ends are respectively arranged with rolling curtain roller, and rolling curtain roller is connected with motor (7), and metal is received Collection curtain (8) is located at directly over spinneret (4).
A kind of 5. method for preparing nanometer fiber net, it is characterised in that liquid formula electrostatic spinning apparatus is given in a kind of used air pressure, Including air pressure liquid dispensing apparatus, the outlet of air pressure liquid dispensing apparatus spinning solution is provided with spinneret (4), and spinneret is provided with taper on (4) Short nozzle (5), the head end of the short nozzle of taper (5) connect the cathode of high voltage direct current generator (6), and spinneret (4) is arranged above connecing Receiving apparatus, reception device ground connection, reception device are driven by motor (7) and moved back and forth;
The air pressure liquid dispensing apparatus gives liquid pipe (9) including U-shaped, and U-shaped to piston (12) is provided with liquid pipe (9), U-shaped is to liquid pipe (9) one end is provided with spinneret (4), U-shaped that liquid pipe (9) other end is provided with sealing cover (10), U-shaped on liquid pipe (9) side wall Air inlet (11) is provided with, air inlet (11) is located on the downside of sealing cover (10), and air inlet (11) passes through gas-guide tube (13) and air Bottle (16) connection;
It is described it is U-shaped liquid pipe (9) side wall is provided with liquid outlet (3), liquid outlet (3) present position is higher than spinneret (4) and is less than The short nozzle of taper (5) top, liquid outlet (3) are connected with catheter (2) one end, and catheter (2) other end stretches into polyrrhea groove (1);
Air pressure regulator (15) and pressure gauge (14) are respectively arranged with the air bottle (16);
The reception device includes metal collection curtain (8), and metal collection curtain (8) both ends are respectively arranged with rolling curtain roller, rolling curtain roller with Motor (7) connects, and metal collection curtain (8) is located at directly over spinneret (4);
Specifically implement according to the following steps:
By spinning solution inject it is U-shaped give liquid pipe (9) in, adjust air pressure regulator (15), make spinning solution equal from the short nozzle 5 of all tapers Uniform flow goes out, and adjusts the reception distance between the short nozzle of taper (5) and metal collection curtain (8);High voltage direct current generator (6) is opened, Adjust applied voltage so that drop and jet stability;Electric field, electrostatic are formed between the short nozzle of taper (5) and metal collection curtain (8) Spin the spherical drop top that jet stream is formed at the top of Conic nozzle (5) to spray, and stretched under the action of electric field force, spirally Movement locus is deposited on the surface of metal collection curtain (8), while opens motor (7) driving metal collection curtain (8) with horizontal reciprocating It is mobile;Finally, metal collection curtain (8) surface collection to nanometer fiber net in uniform thickness.
6. the method according to claim 5 for preparing nanometer fiber net, it is characterised in that the short nozzle of taper (5) with Reception distance between metal collection curtain (8) is 100mm~200mm.
7. the method according to claim 5 for preparing nanometer fiber net, it is characterised in that the applied voltage for 20kV~ 40kV。
8. the method according to claim 5 for preparing nanometer fiber net, it is characterised in that the metal collection curtain (8) Translational speed is 6m/min~60m/min.
9. the method that nanometer fiber net is prepared according to claim 5-8 any one of them, it is characterised in that the short spray of taper Head (5) internal diameter is 0.5mm~2mm.
CN201610131017.XA 2016-03-08 2016-03-08 A kind of air pressure is to liquid formula electrostatic spinning apparatus and its method for preparing nanometer fiber net Expired - Fee Related CN105734694B (en)

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CN106400134B (en) * 2016-11-10 2018-09-11 西安工程大学 The back and forth method without nozzle electrostatic spinning apparatus and its nano fibrous membrane processed to liquid formula
CN106811811B (en) * 2017-01-20 2019-01-11 东华大学 A kind of brush mass electrostatic spinning apparatus of ball shape rotary and its application method
CN108411383B (en) * 2018-04-24 2021-04-06 东华大学 Porous spherical electrostatic spinning nozzle and spinning method thereof
CN111778574A (en) * 2020-07-24 2020-10-16 福建闽瑞新合纤股份有限公司 Novel environment-friendly composite short fiber integrated spinning box and spinning method
CN112430859B (en) * 2020-11-20 2022-03-01 深圳市天元欣环保科技有限公司 Electrostatic spraying device and method

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