CN105725061B - A kind of method that microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis coproduction zein fiber is oily, digests nutrient powder and dietary fiber - Google Patents
A kind of method that microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis coproduction zein fiber is oily, digests nutrient powder and dietary fiber Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/04—Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis coproduction zein fiber oil, the method for enzymatic hydrolysis nutrient powder and dietary fiber, the following steps are included: the zein fiber crude product generated using wet grinding corn processing is raw material, feed moisture content and pH value are adjusted, raw material slurry is prepared；Microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis processing is carried out to raw material slurry, enzymatic hydrolysis slurry is prepared；Progress water-oil separating is starched to enzymatic hydrolysis and zein fiber oil, enzymatic hydrolysis nutrient powder and dietary fiber is prepared in separation of solid and liquid.Present invention employs microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis supplementary means so that zein fiber is oily, digest nutrient powder and dietary fiber can be suitable for large-scale industrial production, while energy consumption is reduced, the additive amount for reducing enzyme, enzymolysis time is shortened, simplifies processing step.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural product by-product deep process technology fields, and in particular to a kind of microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis coproduction
The method of zein fiber oil, enzymatic hydrolysis nutrient powder and dietary fiber.
Background technique
Corn is the important cereal crops in China, first right as the industry (such as cornstarch industry) of raw material using corn kernel
Corn kernel is pre-processed, and plumule, endosperm and crust etc. are separated.Wet grinding progress production of corn starch, which is that one kind is common, to be added
Work method, but a large amount of cheap byproduct-zein fibers can be generated in the process of this method (main component is Corn Seeds
The crust and a small amount of maize germ residue, someone of grain are also referred to as maize peel), dry weight can account for the 10-20% of corn.With other
The skin-deep ratio of cereal kind, zein fiber contain hemicellulose more abundant (30-40% that can account for zein fiber dry weight) and fiber
Plain (10-20% that zein fiber dry weight can be accounted for), while the phytic acid content for influencing mineral metabolism is lower, has exploitation at diet
The potentiality of the products such as fiber.Zein fiber also contains about 15-22% starch, about 10% protein and the lipid of about 3-5%.
The oil of the zein fiber with important health value can be obtained by extracting the lipid in zein fiber, and zein fiber oil exists
The cholesterol concentration for reducing blood plasma and liver, the discharge for increasing fecal cholesterol etc. play more more significant than maize germ oil
Effect, immunity also can be improved and prevent colon cancer with prostatic disorders etc..Zein fiber fry dried food ingredients waves the main original of the function
Because being content of phytosterol (the generally 2%- in zein fiber oil because containing higher phytosterol in zein fiber oil
8%) 3-8 times usually up to content of phytosterol (generally 0.7%-1%) in maize germ oil.In addition, zein fiber is oily
In be rich in oleic acid and linoleic acid, total unsaturated fatty acid content up to 85% or so, therefore to human health have important health care
Value.At present can consulting literatures report zein fiber oil preparation method, be all the mechanical expression that reference prepares maize germ oil
The method that method, organic solvent lixiviation process or the two combine.Rich fibrous zein fiber is prepare dietary fiber outstanding
Raw material is using the common preparation process that zein fiber prepares insoluble diedairy fiber as raw material: will first pass through dry milling processes or wet
The processed zein fiber of mill method is dried, crushes, being sieved obtains zein fiber powder, then by adjusting solid-liquid ratio, pH value, answering
Synthase (amylase, protease, cellulase or glucuroide etc.) is digested (referring to standard GB/T/T5009.88-
2008) isolating protein and starch are removed, is directly filtered after enzymatic hydrolysis, residue is washed with hot water, and weighing is insoluble meals after drying
Eat fiber.
Aqueous enzymatic method is a kind of new oil extractive technique risen in recent years, which added during extracting grease
Enzyme preparation is released the grease in fibr tissue by enzymolysis, later using specific gravity difference by oil and it is non-oil at
Separation, to achieve the purpose that collect grease.Aqueous enzymatic method has many advantages, such as that reaction condition is mild, easy to operate, pollution is lower,
The by-product of generation can further progress processing, therefore aqueous enzymatic method is more and more paid attention to.Conventional aqueous enzymatic extraction grease
Common preparation process be: first by raw material drying, machinery is recycled to crush raw material, later adjusts solid-liquid ratio, pH value, enzyme
Additive amount is released the grease in raw material by enzymolysis.
In the industry, all to be related to using organic solvent lixiviation process (generally using n-hexane as solvent) being to prepare oil and fat method
, higher to the antistatic requirement in workshop, the electrostatic that careless manipulation generates will lead to the explosion of organic solvent vapor in workshop.
It is prepared using zein fiber as raw material using aqueous enzymatic method and is all referred in the common preparation process of zein fiber oil or dietary fiber at present
Dry and disintegrating process, and drying process expends a large amount of energy and increases production cost, crushes and the process of sieving not only increases
Added treatment process, while having produced a large amount of dust, thus crush and sieving process to workshop dedusting, it is explosion-proof, ventilation requirement compared with
It is high.Although China's zein fiber yield is very big, current China zein fiber is typically formed as whitewashing zein fiber gluten feed,
There is no added value, the market price is very low (generally below 1000 yuan/ton), anxious effectively to stretch corn processing industrial chain to one kind
Enhance the process of China's corn deep processing field core competitiveness.
(Dong Sen, Master's thesis are lucky for the technical study of de- starch maize fiber zein fiber oil, oligosaccharides and dietary fiber
Woods university, 2015) (document 1) describes the method for preparing zein fiber oil and dietary fiber using aqueous enzymatic method, mainly uses
The extractable washing fiber zein fiber oil of aqueous enzymatic method, optimal extraction conditions are the buffer environments of pH 4.8-5.0 at 50 DEG C
In, cellulase additive amount 4%, solid-liquid ratio 1:12 (g/mL), is extracted as the item of time for 24 hours at zytase additive amount 5.33%
Recovery rate is 75.05% under part.Later to resulting enzymatic hydrolysis fiber residue carry out Protease Treatment, protease additive amount 3%,
Insoluble diedairy fiber can be obtained through separation drying in pH7.5, temperature 45 C, solid-liquid ratio 1:15 (g/mL), and highest yield is
38.94g/100g dry corn fibre feedstock.
The method for preparing zein fiber oil and dietary fiber using aqueous enzymatic method is described in document 1, what is taken is substep
The preparation method first prepares the method that zein fiber oil prepares dietary fiber again.Existing technical disadvantages are as follows in the method:
(1) additive amount of cellulase, zytase and protease is higher (>=3%), increases raw material input cost；(2) preparation is beautiful
The enzymolysis time of rice fiber oil is longer (enzymolysis time is about for 24 hours), needing in enzymatic hydrolysis while also to keep the temperature, energy consumption is big；(3) dividing
It, after filtering could be with after cellulase, zytase enzymatic hydrolysis (pH 4.8-5.0) prepare zein fiber oil in one-step preparation method
Protease hydrolyzed (pH7.5) prepares dietary fiber, filtering and the adjusting of pH value with control so that processing step is troublesome.
Patent it is a kind of removing wet milling of corn fiber in starch straightforward procedure (number of patent application: 201310753424.0, Shen
Please day: on December 31st, 2013, applicant: Jilin COFCO Biochemical Co., Ltd.) (document 2) also in removing wet milling of corn fiber
Residual starch is described, and to the effect that processes in gained raw material to wet grinding plus water adjusts its water content and obtains raw material
Raw material slurry is placed under higher temperature (90 DEG C -130 DEG C) held for some time, utilizes a small amount of sulfurous contained in raw material by slurry
For residual starch in the acid removing zein fiber of acid to obtain to obtain treatment fluid, treatment fluid obtains starch slurry by being separated by solid-liquid separation
With processing fiber, by washing, (condition is processing fiber: washing times 1-5 times, solid-liquid ratio 1:1-1:5, washing water temperature 80
DEG C -100 DEG C), dry obtain de- starch fiber.
Although above-mentioned two documents describe the technology of residual starch in removing wet milling of corn fiber, with above-mentioned skill
The art zein fiber obtained for rinsing fiber and de- starch fiber and aqueous enzymatic method and solvent extraction method acquisition being respectively adopted for raw material
Oil quality is poor.It can be seen that the peroxide value of zein fiber oil can reach 15.83mmol/kg from document 1；This is heavy
Want index obvious higher (providing that the index answers≤7.5mmol/kg in 1 crude maize oil quality index of GB 19111-2003 table).It crosses
Oxidation number can may determine that the quality and rotten journey of grease and fat etc. by detecting peroxide value with the rancid degree of measure oil
Degree, in general peroxide value are higher, and its is rancid more severe, and some small-molecule substances that grease oxidation rancid generates (as from
By base) it can have a adverse impact (such as leading to diarrhea) to human body in vivo.
And raw material slurry is placed under higher temperature (90 DEG C -130 DEG C) heat preservations centainly described in document 1 and document 2
Time, using the technology of the residual starch in the acid removing zein fiber of a small amount of sulfurous acid contained in raw material, exactly by
After rancid reaction occurs at relatively high temperatures for contained grease in raw material causes peroxide value higher, therefore this method is not suitable for
Continuous zein fiber oil extract.This method needs are maintained for a long time under 90 DEG C -130 DEG C of higher temperature simultaneously, and the energy disappears
It is at high cost to consume mass production.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis coproduction zein fiber oil, enzymatic hydrolysis nutrient powder and diets
The method of fiber, this method extraction time is short, the higher advantage of recovery rate, can obtain the excellent zein fiber oil of index, enzyme
Solve nutrient powder and dietary fiber.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that a kind of microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis coproduction zein fiber oil, enzymatic hydrolysis nutrition
The method of powder and dietary fiber, comprising the following steps:
1) the zein fiber crude product generated using wet grinding corn processing adjusts feed moisture content and pH value, system as raw material
It is standby to obtain raw material slurry；
2) microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis processing is carried out to raw material slurry and enzymatic hydrolysis slurry is prepared；
3) to digesting, slurry carries out water-oil separating and zein fiber oil, enzymatic hydrolysis nutrient powder and diet fibre is prepared in separation of solid and liquid
Dimension.
The preparation of raw material slurry in step 1) specifically: the zein fiber crude product with the generation of wet grinding corn processing is original
Material, water is added into raw material makes the weight fraction ratio 1:5-1:11 of raw material dry weight and water in raw material slurry, then its pH is adjusted to
4.8-6.0, and the temperature was then adjusted to 10 DEG C -60 DEG C, that is, raw material slurry is prepared.
Microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis processing is carried out to raw material slurry in step 2), enzymatic hydrolysis slurry is prepared specifically:
S1 acid amylase, cellulase and zytase) are dissolved or diluted with a certain amount of water obtains answering for three kinds of enzymes
Synthase liquid makes the weight fraction ratio 0.5:1-0.75:1 of complex enzyme liquid Yu raw material dry weight；
S2 the complex enzyme liquid of enzyme containing acid starch, cellulase and zytase) is added into raw material slurry and digests 1- in advance
60min obtains pre- enzymatic hydrolysis slurry I；
S3 acid protease) is dissolved or diluted with a certain amount of water and obtains liquid of protease, makes liquid of protease and raw material dry weight
Weight fraction ratio be 0.25:1-0.5:1, liquid of protease is added in pre- enzymatic hydrolysis slurry I, pre- enzymatic hydrolysis is obtained and starches II；
S4) microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis: pre- enzymatic hydrolysis slurry II is placed in the microwave that power is 400W-40kW and radiates 5s-
After 30min, microwave radiation processing next time is carried out after being spaced 5s-10min, microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis process can carry out 1-5 times,
Enzymatic hydrolysis slurry is prepared.
Step S2) in the acid starch enzyme in complex enzyme liquid and the weight fraction ratio of raw material dry weight be 0.001:1-0.03:
1；Cellulase and the weight fraction ratio of raw material dry weight are 0.001:1-0.03:1；The parts by weight of zytase and raw material dry weight
Than for 0.002:1-0.03:1.
Further, step S3) in acid protease and raw material dry weight weight fraction ratio be 0.002:1-0.03:1.
Further, starching enzymatic hydrolysis in step 3) carries out water-oil separating and is separated by solid-liquid separation to obtain zein fiber oil, enzymatic hydrolysis
Nutrient powder and dietary fiber specifically: 1) water-oil separating: will enzymatic hydrolysis slurry through centrifuge separation or by automatic oily water separator into
Row water-oil separating obtains zein fiber oil and de-oiling enzymatic hydrolysis slurry；
2) be separated by solid-liquid separation: de-oiling enzymatic hydrolysis slurry is separated by solid-liquid separation by pressure curved sieve or by cyclone, obtains Production With Residue of Enzymatic Hydrolysis
And enzymolysis liquid, Production With Residue of Enzymatic Hydrolysis obtain after spiral dehydration squeezing machine dehydration, then after roller drying machine or plate dryer drying
Dietary fiber；Enzymolysis liquid is dried, enzymatic hydrolysis nutrient powder is prepared.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1) present invention carries out de- starch processing under conditions of lower temperature, short period, to control zein fiber oil
Rancid degree obtains the excellent zein fiber oil of index.
2) present invention employs effective supplementary means (microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis) so that zein fiber oil can be applicable in
In large-scale industrial production, while the additive amount of enzyme is reduced, enzymolysis time is shortened, simplifies processing step.
3) microwave has that penetration capacity is strong, portion generates that big calorimetric, thermal diffusion be consistent with molecule dispersal direction, rush in the molecule
Into the advantages that extract component dissolution.And under the radiation treatment of microwave, the structure of enzyme can become more loose, enable zymoprotein more
Good carries out molecular recognition with substrate, and showing as the enzyme activity after microwave radiation will increase, and makes that enzyme digestion reaction is more efficient, the time
It is shorter.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail With reference to embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method that microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis coproduction zein fiber is oily, digests nutrient powder and dietary fiber, including with
Lower step:
1) the zein fiber crude product generated using wet grinding corn processing adjusts feed moisture content and pH value, system as raw material
It is standby to obtain raw material slurry；
For the zein fiber generated using wet grinding corn processing as raw material, water is added into raw material makes raw material dry weight in raw material slurry
Weight fraction ratio with water is 1:8, then its pH is adjusted to 5.4, and the temperature was then adjusted to 35 DEG C, that is, raw material slurry is prepared.
It wherein, is starch in a kind of removing wet milling of corn fiber of same patent with the zein fiber crude product that wet grinding corn processing generates
Straightforward procedure (number of patent application: 201310753424.0, the applying date: on December 31st, 2013, applicant: Jilin China Oil and Food Import and Export Corporation is biochemical
Co., Ltd) used in raw material it is consistent.
2) microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis processing is carried out to raw material slurry and enzymatic hydrolysis slurry is prepared:
2.1) acid amylase, cellulase and zytase are dissolved or diluted with a certain amount of water obtain answering for three kinds of enzymes
Synthase liquid makes the weight fraction ratio 0.6:1 of complex enzyme liquid Yu raw material dry weight；
2.2) it is added into raw material slurry containing the complex enzyme liquid for releasing acid starch enzyme, cellulase and zytase and digests in advance
30min obtains pre- enzymatic hydrolysis slurry I；
2.3) acid protease is dissolved or diluted with a certain amount of water and obtain liquid of protease, make liquid of protease and raw material dry weight
Parts by weight be 0.4:1, liquid of protease is added in pre- enzymatic hydrolysis slurry I, pre- enzymatic hydrolysis is obtained and starches II；
2.4) microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis: pre- enzymatic hydrolysis slurry II being placed in the microwave that power is 5kW after radiating 15min,
Microwave radiation processing next time is carried out after 5min, microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis process can carry out 3 times, and enzymatic hydrolysis slurry is prepared.
Wherein, the acid starch enzyme in complex enzyme liquid and the weight fraction ratio of raw material dry weight are 0.015:1 (acid starch enzyme
Vigor is 10000U/ml (g) -20000U/ml (g), is measured referring to GB 8275-2009)；The weight of cellulase and raw material dry weight
Amount portion rate is that (cellulase activity is 20000U/ml (g) -150000U/ml (g) to 0.015:1, is surveyed referring to QB 2583-2003
It is fixed, substrate CMC)；Zytase and the weight fraction ratio of raw material dry weight are 0.015:1 (Xylanase activity 50000U/ml
(g) -250000U/ml (g) is measured referring to QB/T23874-2009)；Acid protease and the weight fraction ratio of raw material dry weight are
0.015:1 (acid protease activity is 100000U/ml (g) -400000U/ml (g), is measured referring to GB/T 23527-2009).
3) separation is carried out to enzymatic hydrolysis slurry and zein fiber oil, enzymatic hydrolysis nutrient powder and dietary fiber is prepared:
3.1) water-oil separating: enzymatic hydrolysis is starched and is obtained by being centrifugated or carrying out water-oil separating by automatic oily water separator
Obtain zein fiber oil and de-oiling enzymatic hydrolysis slurry；
3.2) be separated by solid-liquid separation: de-oiling enzymatic hydrolysis slurry is separated by solid-liquid separation by pressure curved sieve or by cyclone, is digested
Slag and enzymolysis liquid, Production With Residue of Enzymatic Hydrolysis through spiral dehydration squeezing machine dehydration after, through roller drying machine or plate dryer drying after to obtain the final product
To dietary fiber；Enzymolysis liquid is dried, enzymatic hydrolysis nutrient powder is prepared, wherein is oligosaccharides rich in enzymolysis liquid, small
Peptide (or little albumen), a small amount of grease；It can also be used by the feeder current nutrient solution after being concentrated by evaporation as functional feed.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method that microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis coproduction zein fiber is oily, digests nutrient powder and dietary fiber, including with
Lower step:
1) the zein fiber crude product generated using wet grinding corn processing adjusts feed moisture content and pH value, system as raw material
It is standby to obtain raw material slurry；
For the zein fiber generated using wet grinding corn processing as raw material, water is added into raw material makes raw material dry weight in raw material slurry
Weight fraction ratio with water is 1:5, then its pH is adjusted to 4.8, and the temperature was then adjusted to 60 DEG C, that is, raw material slurry is prepared.
2) microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis processing is carried out to raw material slurry and enzymatic hydrolysis slurry is prepared:
2.1) acid amylase, cellulase and zytase are dissolved or diluted with a certain amount of water obtain answering for three kinds of enzymes
Synthase liquid makes the weight fraction ratio 0.5:1 of complex enzyme liquid Yu raw material dry weight；
2.2) it is added into raw material slurry containing the complex enzyme liquid for releasing acid starch enzyme, cellulase and zytase and digests in advance
1min obtains pre- enzymatic hydrolysis slurry I；
2.3) acid protease is dissolved or diluted with a certain amount of water and obtain liquid of protease, make liquid of protease and raw material dry weight
Weight fraction ratio be 0.25:1, liquid of protease is added in pre- enzymatic hydrolysis slurry I, pre- enzymatic hydrolysis is obtained and starches II；
2.4) microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis: pre- enzymatic hydrolysis slurry II being placed in the microwave that power is 400W after radiating 30min,
Microwave radiation processing next time is carried out after 5s, microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis process can carry out 1 time, and enzymatic hydrolysis slurry is prepared.
Wherein, the acid starch enzyme in complex enzyme liquid and the weight fraction ratio of raw material dry weight are 0.001:1 (acid starch enzyme
Vigor is 10000U/ml (g) -20000U/ml (g), is measured referring to GB 8275-2009)；The weight of cellulase and raw material dry weight
Amount portion rate is that (cellulase activity is 20000U/ml (g) -150000U/ml (g) to 0.001:1, is surveyed referring to QB 2583-2003
It is fixed, substrate CMC)；Zytase and the weight fraction ratio of raw material dry weight are 0.002:1 (Xylanase activity 50000U/ml
(g) -250000U/ml (g) is measured referring to QB/T23874-2009)；Acid protease and the weight fraction ratio of raw material dry weight are
0.002:1 (acid protease activity is 100000U/ml (g) -400000U/ml (g), is measured referring to GB/T 23527-2009).
3) separation is carried out to enzymatic hydrolysis slurry and zein fiber oil, enzymatic hydrolysis nutrient powder and dietary fiber is prepared:
3.1) water-oil separating: enzymatic hydrolysis is starched and is obtained by being centrifugated or carrying out water-oil separating by automatic oily water separator
Obtain zein fiber oil and de-oiling enzymatic hydrolysis slurry；
3.2) be separated by solid-liquid separation: de-oiling enzymatic hydrolysis slurry is separated by solid-liquid separation by pressure curved sieve or by cyclone, is digested
Slag and enzymolysis liquid, Production With Residue of Enzymatic Hydrolysis through spiral dehydration squeezing machine dehydration after, through roller drying machine or plate dryer drying after to obtain the final product
To dietary fiber；Enzymolysis liquid is dried, enzymatic hydrolysis nutrient powder is prepared, wherein is oligosaccharides rich in enzymolysis liquid, small
Peptide (or little albumen), a small amount of grease；It can also be used by the feeder current nutrient solution after being concentrated by evaporation as functional feed.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method that microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis coproduction zein fiber is oily, digests nutrient powder and dietary fiber, including with
Lower step:
1) the zein fiber crude product generated using wet grinding corn processing adjusts feed moisture content and pH value, system as raw material
It is standby to obtain raw material slurry；
For the zein fiber generated using wet grinding corn processing as raw material, water is added into raw material makes raw material dry weight in raw material slurry
Weight fraction ratio with water is 1:11, then its pH is adjusted to 6.0, and the temperature was then adjusted to 10 DEG C, that is, raw material slurry is prepared.
2) microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis processing is carried out to raw material slurry and enzymatic hydrolysis slurry is prepared:
2.1) acid amylase, cellulase and zytase are dissolved or diluted with a certain amount of water obtain answering for three kinds of enzymes
Synthase liquid makes the weight fraction ratio 0.75:1 of complex enzyme liquid Yu raw material dry weight；
2.2) it is added into raw material slurry containing the complex enzyme liquid for releasing acid starch enzyme, cellulase and zytase and digests in advance
60min obtains pre- enzymatic hydrolysis slurry I；
2.3) acid protease is dissolved or diluted with a certain amount of water and obtain liquid of protease, make liquid of protease and raw material dry weight
Weight fraction ratio be 0.5:1, liquid of protease is added in pre- enzymatic hydrolysis slurry I, pre- enzymatic hydrolysis is obtained and starches II；
2.4) microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis: pre- enzymatic hydrolysis slurry II is placed in the microwave that power is 40kW after radiating 5s, interval
Microwave radiation processing next time is carried out after 10min, microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis process can carry out 5 times, and enzymatic hydrolysis slurry is prepared.
Wherein, the acid starch enzyme in complex enzyme liquid and the weight fraction ratio of raw material dry weight are 0.03:1 (acid starch enzyme
Vigor is 10000U/ml (g) -20000, is measured referring to GB 8275-2009)；The weight fraction ratio of cellulase and raw material dry weight
For 0.03:1, (cellulase activity is 20000U/ml (g) -150000U/ml (g), is measured referring to QB 2583-2003, and substrate is
CMC)；Zytase and the weight fraction ratio of raw material dry weight are that (Xylanase activity is 50000U/ml (g)-to 0.03:1
250000U/ml (g) is measured referring to QB/T23874-2009)；Acid protease and the weight fraction ratio of raw material dry weight are 0.03:
1 (acid protease activity is 100000U/ml (g) -400000U/ml (g), is measured referring to GB/T 23527-2009).
3) separation is carried out to enzymatic hydrolysis slurry and zein fiber oil, enzymatic hydrolysis nutrient powder and dietary fiber is prepared:
3.1) water-oil separating: enzymatic hydrolysis is starched and is obtained by being centrifugated or carrying out water-oil separating by automatic oily water separator
Obtain zein fiber oil and de-oiling enzymatic hydrolysis slurry；
3.2) be separated by solid-liquid separation: de-oiling enzymatic hydrolysis slurry is by being centrifugated or being consolidated by pressure curved sieve or by cyclone
Liquid separation obtains Production With Residue of Enzymatic Hydrolysis and enzymolysis liquid, and Production With Residue of Enzymatic Hydrolysis is after spiral dehydration squeezing machine dehydration, through roller drying machine or plate baking
Dietary fiber is obtained after dry machine drying；Enzymolysis liquid is dried, enzymatic hydrolysis nutrient powder is prepared, wherein contained in enzymolysis liquid
Oligosaccharides abundant, small peptide (or little albumen), a small amount of grease；The feeder current nutrition after being concentrated by evaporation as functional feed can also be passed through
Liquid uses.
Comparative example 1
Technical study (Dong Sen, the master of starch maize fiber zein fiber oil, oligosaccharides and dietary fiber are taken off using document
Paper, Jilin University, 2015) in method obtain zein fiber oil.
Determination of quality index is carried out to zein fiber oil obtained referring to relevant criterion, as a result see the table below (Primary Reference
Crude maize oil quality index):
1. document 1 of table is compared with the physicochemical property of the made zein fiber oil of two methods of the present invention
Peroxide value is measured referring to GB/T 5532-2008 " animal and plant fat determination of POV "；
Acid value is measured referring to GB/T 5538-2005 " animal and plant fat acid value and acidity assaying "；
Saponification number is measured referring to GB/T 5530-2005 " measurement of animal and plant fat saponification number "；
Iodine number is measured referring to GB/T 5534-2008 " measurement of animal and plant fat iodine number "；
Referring to GB/T 5535.3-2008, " animal and plant fat unsaponifiable matter measures part 2: hexane extracts unsaponifiable matter
Method " measurement；
Sterol total amount is referring to GB/T 25223-2010 " the measurement gas phase color of animal and plant fat sterol composition and sterol total amount
Spectrometry " measurement.
Due to currently without the national standard for the related physicochemical property of zein fiber oil, and the method for the invention obtains
Zein fiber oil belong to crude oil not after further treatment, therefore refer to reference to the quality of crude maize oil in GB19111-2003
Mark.Peroxide value is to indicate that grease is oxidized the index of degree, by detect peroxide value may determine that grease etc. quality and
Degree of metamorphism can be produced from by measuring peroxide value with the rancid degree of measure oil, the high grease of peroxide value because rancid
By some small-molecule substances such as base, lead to the adverse reactions such as the diarrhea of human body.The peroxidating for the zein fiber oil that comparative example 1 obtains
Value is 15.54mmol/kg, this important indicator is obvious higher (index answers≤7.5mmol/kg), and the jade that the present invention obtains
The peroxide value of rice fiber oil is 1.3-4.1mmol/kg, meets reference index.The quality for the zein fiber oil that the present invention obtains
Index meets the reason of reference index: technology contents of the present invention, only adjusts the temperature to 10 DEG C -60 when configuring raw material slurry
DEG C, other technical process do not carry out temperature control, therefore the used technology of the present invention is compared with document 1 and the used technology of document 2
Temperature (90 DEG C -130 DEG C) it is much lower, therefore the rancid reaction occurred is few, it is ensured that present invention zein fiber obtained
Oily peroxide value is lower, meets reference index.
The present invention is handled using microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis using wet milling of corn fiber as raw material and obtains zein fiber oil, meals
Fiber and nutrient solution by enzymolysis are eaten, by adjusting solid-liquid ratio, pH, complex enzyme adding proportion, pre- enzymolysis time, microwave power, microwave
Radiated time, interval time, the factors such as microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis number, filter out the optimal item of microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis
Part, to achieve the purpose that efficiently to obtain zein fiber oil, dietary fiber and nutrient solution by enzymolysis.Main advantages of the present invention embody
:
1, raw material is directly derived from production line；
2, the enzymolysis time for preparing zein fiber oil is shorter, and (maximum duration of pre- enzymatic hydrolysis and microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis is
250min, far below in document 1 for 24 hours)；
3, only temperature need to being carried out when configuring raw material slurry and pH being adjusted, later period technology contents are not necessarily to be controlled, and reduce
Energy consumption operates also easy；
4, the additive amount of cellulase, zytase, acid starch enzyme and acid protease is less (≤3%), reduces
Raw material input cost；
5, the yield of zein fiber oil is higher, yield 85.23-96.33%.(the corn that the technology of the present invention method is extracted
Fiber oil is compared with the raw material of this patent extracts zein fiber oil through solvent extraction method described in GB/T 5512-2008)；
6, sterol content is higher in zein fiber oil, up to 2935-3022mg/100g fiber oil.Raw material warp of the invention
Solvent extraction method described in GB/T 5512-2008 measures sterol content after extracting zein fiber oil as 2883-3119mg/100g
Fiber oil.
7, the yield of dietary fiber is higher, physicochemical property is preferable.The yield for the insoluble diedairy fiber that the present invention obtains is
31.51-39.37g/100g dry raw material.Its physicochemical property: retention ability 6.22-8.43g/g, holding oily power is 3.17-4.25g/g,
Expansive force is 2.73-4.35mL/g, and adsorption capacity is respectively 21.32- under the conditions of cholic acid na concn is 2mg/mL and 3mg/mL
29.57mg/g and 42.14-53.85mg/g.
8, the high income of nutrient solution by enzymolysis, full of nutrition.Nutrient solution by enzymolysis is after drying up to enzymatic hydrolysis nutrient powder, the present invention
The enzymatic hydrolysis nutrient powder yield of acquisition is 56.13-64.82g/100g dry raw material.Digest nutrition meal component: content of reducing sugar 30.21-
42.38g/100g nutrient powder, total sugar content 71.83-83.36g/100g nutrient powder, the average degree of polymerization of carbohydrate are 2.59-
4.87；Protein content 10.25-12.15g/100g nutrient powder；Fat content 0.13-0.82g/100g nutrient powder.Digest nutrition
Carbohydrate rich in liquid, and glycan molecule is mainly present in nutrition in the form of oligosaccharides (disaccharides, trisaccharide, tetrose, pentasaccharides)
In liquid, oligosaccharide molecular amount is small for these, is easy to absorb.It is also generated simultaneously containing a certain amount of through protease hydrolyzed in nutrient solution by enzymolysis
Small peptide (or little albumen), be also easy to absorb.Therefore, nutrient solution by enzymolysis can be nutrient powder by dry exploitation, or dense through evaporating
Feeder current nutrient solution after contracting as functional feed uses.
9, the obtained product subsequent applications of the present invention are wide, can be widely applied to health-care oil (zein fiber oil), health food (meals
Eat fiber) and the corn deep processings field such as functional feed (digest nutrient powder).
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method of microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis coproduction zein fiber oil, enzymatic hydrolysis nutrient powder and dietary fiber, feature exist
In, comprising the following steps:
1) the zein fiber crude product generated using wet grinding corn processing is adjusted feed moisture content and pH value, is prepared into as raw material
It is starched to raw material；
2) microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis processing is carried out to raw material slurry and enzymatic hydrolysis slurry is prepared；
3) progress water-oil separating is starched to enzymatic hydrolysis and zein fiber oil, enzymatic hydrolysis nutrient powder and dietary fiber is prepared in separation of solid and liquid；
The preparation of raw material slurry in the step 1) specifically: the zein fiber crude product with the generation of wet grinding corn processing is original
Material, water is added into raw material makes the weight fraction ratio 1:5-1:11 of raw material dry weight and water in raw material slurry, then its pH is adjusted to
4.8-6.0, and the temperature was then adjusted to 10 DEG C -60 DEG C, that is, raw material slurry is prepared；
Microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis processing is carried out to raw material slurry in the step 2), enzymatic hydrolysis slurry is prepared specifically:
S1 the complex enzyme that acid amylase, cellulase and zytase obtain three kinds of enzymes) is dissolved or diluted with a certain amount of water
Liquid makes the weight fraction ratio 0.5:1-0.75:1 of complex enzyme liquid Yu raw material dry weight；
S2 it) is added into raw material slurry and contains the complex enzyme liquid for releasing acid starch enzyme, cellulase and zytase and digest 1- in advance
60min obtains pre- enzymatic hydrolysis slurry I；
S3 acid protease) is dissolved or diluted with a certain amount of water and obtains liquid of protease, makes the weight of liquid of protease Yu raw material dry weight
Amount portion rate is 0.25:1-0.5:1, and liquid of protease is added in pre- enzymatic hydrolysis slurry I, obtains pre- enzymatic hydrolysis slurry II；
S4) microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis: pre- enzymatic hydrolysis slurry II is placed in the microwave that power is 400W-40kW and radiates 5s-30min
Afterwards, microwave radiation processing next time is carried out after being spaced 5s-10min, microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis process can carry out 1-5 times, preparation
Obtain enzymatic hydrolysis slurry；
The step S2) in the acid starch enzyme in complex enzyme liquid and the weight fraction ratio of raw material dry weight be 0.001:1-0.03:
1；Cellulase and the weight fraction ratio of raw material dry weight are 0.001:1-0.03:1；The parts by weight of zytase and raw material dry weight
Than for 0.002:1-0.03:1.
2. microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis coproduction zein fiber oil, enzymatic hydrolysis nutrient powder and dietary fiber according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that the step S3) in acid protease and raw material dry weight weight fraction ratio be 0.002:1-
0.03:1。
3. microwave-assisted complex enzyme hydrolysis coproduction zein fiber oil, enzymatic hydrolysis nutrient powder and dietary fiber according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that in the step 3) to enzymatic hydrolysis starch carry out water-oil separating and be separated by solid-liquid separation obtain zein fiber oil,
It digests nutrient powder and dietary fiber specifically: 1) water-oil separating: enzymatic hydrolysis is starched by being centrifugated or passing through automatic water-oil separating
Device carries out water-oil separating and obtains zein fiber oil and de-oiling enzymatic hydrolysis slurry；
2) be separated by solid-liquid separation: de-oiling enzymatic hydrolysis slurry is separated by solid-liquid separation by pressure curved sieve or by cyclone, obtains Production With Residue of Enzymatic Hydrolysis and enzyme
Liquid is solved, Production With Residue of Enzymatic Hydrolysis obtains diet after spiral dehydration squeezing machine dehydration, then after roller drying machine or plate dryer drying
Fiber；Enzymolysis liquid is dried, enzymatic hydrolysis nutrient powder is prepared.
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