CN105724002A - 一种花生的高产、无公害栽培方法 - Google Patents

一种花生的高产、无公害栽培方法 Download PDF

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CN105724002A
CN105724002A CN201610059385.8A CN201610059385A CN105724002A CN 105724002 A CN105724002 A CN 105724002A CN 201610059385 A CN201610059385 A CN 201610059385A CN 105724002 A CN105724002 A CN 105724002A
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路兴涛
曲明静
武晓亮
马冲
张勇
周超
宋敏
张田田
孙竹波
孔繁华
吴翠霞
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TAI'AN INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
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Abstract

本发明涉及花生栽培技术领域，公开了一种花生的高产、无公害栽培方法，其特征在于栽种前，土地施用有机肥、花椒饼每亩地5-10公斤、蓖麻饼每亩地10-15公斤；采用25％噻虫·咯·霜灵悬浮种衣剂、0.5％几丁聚糖悬浮种衣剂对种子进行包衣、晾干后进行播种；采用50％炔苯酰草胺可湿性粉剂、40％砜吡草唑悬浮剂，45％二甲戊灵微囊悬浮剂、24％乙氧氟草醚乳油和黄连、苦参、百部、雷公藤、烟叶、陈皮中草药水溶性浓缩液与土壤改良剂进行喷施，然后覆膜。本发明所述的栽培方法具有显著的作用，可以防治花生根腐病、茎腐病、白绢病等土传病害，棉铃虫、蚜虫等害虫，马唐、牛筋草、反枝苋、鳢肠、稗草等杂草，防效达90％以上，并且安全性好，对后茬作物无影响，是一种理想的高产、无公害栽培方法。

Description

一种花生的高产、无公害栽培方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种花生的高产、无公害栽培方法，属于花生栽培技术领域。
背景技术
花生除榨油外还,可以加工成多种美味食品,经济价值较高。随种植业结构调整,种植面积有逐年扩大的趋势.
近年来,由于花生栽培不科学、不规范等现象导致花生空壳率高,产量低,经济效益不高。为了搞好花生生产,加快新品种、新技术的推广应用,提高农民科学种田水平，只有大力推广花生高产栽培技术,才能尽快实现农业结构的合理调整,促进农村经济稳步发展,稳步增加农民收入。
发明内容
鉴于现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于通过对花生田杂草及虫害防治技术加以改进，提供一种花生的高产、无公害栽培方法，从而解决现有条件下杂草难以有效防治、且不能兼顾病虫害综合防治和优质高效生产的问题。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案来实现的：
一种花生的高产、无公害栽培方法，其特征在于栽种前，土地施用有机肥、花椒饼每亩地5-10公斤、蓖麻饼每亩地10-15公斤后；采用25％噻虫·咯·霜灵悬浮种衣剂43.11-100.59克、0.5％几丁聚糖悬浮种衣剂6.25-8.25克/100千克种子对花生种子进行包衣、晾干后进行播种；采用50％炔苯酰草胺可湿性粉剂50克/亩、40％砜吡草唑悬浮剂5克/亩，45％二甲戊灵微囊悬浮剂25毫升/亩、24％乙氧氟草醚乳油10毫升/亩和每亩地黄连用量为50-75g，苦参50-75g，百部50-75g、雷公藤50-75g、烟叶50-75g、陈皮50-75g，将6味中草药加入5-6倍质量的水中慢火熬制5-6个小时后，过滤去掉药渣得到的中草药水溶性浓缩液与土壤改良剂沃兰德，施用量为20-30毫升/亩，将上述药剂兑水75-100公斤/亩，一次性喷施，然后覆膜。
本发明具有如下优点和显著的进步：利用本发明提供的一种花生的高产、无公害栽培方法，栽培方法简单，杂草防治效果明显，可以防治花生根腐病、茎腐病、白绢病等土传病害，棉铃虫、蚜虫等害虫，马唐、牛筋草、反枝苋、鳢肠、稗草等杂草，防效达90％以上。而且安全性好，对后茬作物无影响，是一种理想的高产、无公害栽培方法。
具体实施方式
以下是本发明的具体实施例，对本发明的技术方案做进一步作描述，但是本发明的保护范围并不限于这些实施例。凡是不背离本发明构思的改变或等同替代均包括在本发明的保护范围之内。
实施例1
栽种前，土地施用有机肥、花椒饼每亩地5公斤、蓖麻饼每亩地10公斤后；采用25％噻虫·咯·霜灵悬浮种衣剂45克、0.5％几丁聚糖悬浮种衣剂6.25克/100千克种子对花生种子进行包衣、晾干后进行播种；采用50％炔苯酰草胺可湿性粉剂50克/亩、40％砜吡草唑悬浮剂5克/亩，45％二甲戊灵微囊悬浮剂25毫升/亩、24％乙氧氟草醚乳油10毫升/亩和每亩地黄连用量为50g，苦参50g，百部50g、雷公藤50g、烟叶50g、陈皮50g，将6味中草药加入5倍质量的水中慢火熬制5个小时后，过滤去掉药渣得到的中草药水溶性浓缩液与土壤改良剂沃兰德，施用量为20毫升/亩，将上述药剂兑水75公斤/亩，一次性喷施，然后覆膜。
以施肥方法相同的地块作为对照。秋天收获时一亩地收获花生410公斤，对照地块收获花生347公斤，每亩地增产63公斤。
实施例2
栽种前，土地施用有机肥、花椒饼每亩地5公斤、蓖麻饼每亩地12公斤后；采用25％噻虫·咯·霜灵悬浮种衣剂55克、0.5％几丁聚糖悬浮种衣剂7克/100千克种子对花生种子进行包衣、晾干后进行播种；采用50％炔苯酰草胺可湿性粉剂50克/亩、40％砜吡草唑悬浮剂5克/亩，45％二甲戊灵微囊悬浮剂25毫升/亩、24％乙氧氟草醚乳油10毫升/亩和每亩地黄连用量为55g，苦参60g，百部55g、雷公藤60g、烟叶55g、陈皮60g，将6味中草药加入6倍质量的水中慢火熬制5个小时后，过滤去掉药渣得到的中草药水溶性浓缩液与土壤改良剂沃兰德，施用量为20毫升/亩，将上述药剂兑水80公斤/亩，一次性喷施，然后覆膜。
以施肥方法相同的地块作为对照。秋天收获时一亩地收获花生414公斤，对照地块收获花生347公斤，每亩地增产67公斤。
实施例3
栽种前，土地施用有机肥、花椒饼每亩地8公斤、蓖麻饼每亩地15公斤后；采用25％噻虫·咯·霜灵悬浮种衣剂65克、0.5％几丁聚糖悬浮种衣剂8.25克/100千克种子对花生种子进行包衣、晾干后进行播种；采用50％炔苯酰草胺可湿性粉剂50克/亩、40％砜吡草唑悬浮剂5克/亩，45％二甲戊灵微囊悬浮剂25毫升/亩、24％乙氧氟草醚乳油10毫升/亩和每亩地黄连用量为75g，苦参50g，百部58g、雷公藤50-75g、烟叶65g、陈皮60g，将6味中草药加入6倍质量的水中慢火熬制6个小时后，过滤去掉药渣得到的中草药水溶性浓缩液与土壤改良剂沃兰德，施用量为30毫升/亩，将上述药剂兑水87公斤/亩，一次性喷施，然后覆膜。
以施肥方法相同的地块作为对照。秋天收获时一亩地收获花生420公斤，对照地块收获花生347公斤，每亩地增产73公斤。
实施例4
栽种前，土地施用有机肥、花椒饼每亩地8公斤、蓖麻饼每亩地12公斤后；采用25％噻虫·咯·霜灵悬浮种衣剂75克、0.5％几丁聚糖悬浮种衣剂7克/100千克种子对花生种子进行包衣、晾干后进行播种；采用50％炔苯酰草胺可湿性粉剂50克/亩、40％砜吡草唑悬浮剂5克/亩，45％二甲戊灵微囊悬浮剂25毫升/亩、24％乙氧氟草醚乳油10毫升/亩和每亩地黄连用量为72g，苦参68g，百部75g、雷公藤67g、烟叶65g、陈皮57g，将6味中草药加入5倍质量的水中慢火熬制6个小时后，过滤去掉药渣得到的中草药水溶性浓缩液与土壤改良剂沃兰德，施用量为25毫升/亩，将上述药剂兑水100公斤/亩，一次性喷施，然后覆膜。
以施肥方法相同的地块作为对照。秋天收获时一亩地收获花生428公斤，对照地块收获花生347公斤，每亩地增产81公斤。
实施例5
栽种前，土地施用有机肥、花椒饼每亩地10公斤、蓖麻饼每亩地10公斤后；采用25％噻虫·咯·霜灵悬浮种衣剂80克、0.5％几丁聚糖悬浮种衣剂8克/100千克种子对花生种子进行包衣、晾干后进行播种；采用50％炔苯酰草胺可湿性粉剂50克/亩、40％砜吡草唑悬浮剂5克/亩，45％二甲戊灵微囊悬浮剂25毫升/亩、24％乙氧氟草醚乳油10毫升/亩和每亩地黄连用量为57g，苦参67g，百部59g、雷公藤65g、烟叶65g、陈皮73g，将6味中草药加入6倍质量的水中慢火熬制6个小时后，过滤去掉药渣得到的中草药水溶性浓缩液与土壤改良剂沃兰德，施用量为20毫升/亩，将上述药剂兑水75公斤/亩，一次性喷施，然后覆膜。
以施肥方法相同的地块作为对照。秋天收获时一亩地收获花生416公斤，对照地块收获花生347公斤，每亩地增产69公斤。
实施例6
栽种前，土地施用有机肥、花椒饼每亩地10公斤、蓖麻饼每亩地15公斤后；采用25％噻虫·咯·霜灵悬浮种衣剂100克、0.5％几丁聚糖悬浮种衣剂8.25克/100千克种子对花生种子进行包衣、晾干后进行播种；采用50％炔苯酰草胺可湿性粉剂50克/亩、40％砜吡草唑悬浮剂5克/亩，45％二甲戊灵微囊悬浮剂25毫升/亩、24％乙氧氟草醚乳油10毫升/亩和每亩地黄连用量为75g，苦参50g，百部50g、雷公藤75g、烟叶75g、陈皮50g，将6味中草药加入5倍质量的水中慢火熬制5个小时后，过滤去掉药渣得到的中草药水溶性浓缩液与土壤改良剂沃兰德，施用量为30毫升/亩，将上述药剂兑水90公斤/亩，一次性喷施，然后覆膜。
以施肥方法相同的地块作为对照。秋天收获时一亩地收获花生417公斤，对照地块收获花生347公斤，每亩地增产70公斤。

Claims (6)

1.一种花生的高产、无公害栽培方法，其特征在于栽种前，土地施用有机肥、花椒饼每亩地5-10公斤、蓖麻饼每亩地10-15公斤；采用25％噻虫·咯·霜灵悬浮种衣剂、0.5％几丁聚糖悬浮种衣剂对种子进行包衣、晾干后进行播种；采用50％炔苯酰草胺可湿性粉剂、40％砜吡草唑悬浮剂，45％二甲戊灵微囊悬浮剂、24％乙氧氟草醚乳油和黄连、苦参、百部、雷公藤、烟叶、陈皮中草药水溶性浓缩液与土壤改良剂进行喷施，然后覆膜。
2.如权利要求1所述，对花生种子进行包衣的种衣剂为25％噻虫·咯·霜灵悬浮种衣剂43.11-100.59克、0.5％几丁聚糖悬浮种衣剂6.25-8.25克/100千克种子。
3.如权利要求1所述，50％炔苯酰草胺可湿性粉剂50克/亩、40％砜吡草唑悬浮剂5克/亩，45％二甲戊灵微囊悬浮剂25毫升/亩、24％乙氧氟草醚乳油10毫升/亩。
4.中草药水溶性浓缩液是指每亩地黄连用量为50-75g，苦参50-75g，百部50-75g、雷公藤50-75g、烟叶50-75g、陈皮50-75g，将6味中草药加入5-6倍质量的水中慢火熬制5-6个小时后，过滤去掉药渣得到中草药水溶性浓缩液。
5.如权利要求1所述，所述的土壤改良剂是指沃兰德，施用量为20-30毫升/亩。
6.将权利要求3的混合药剂和权利要求4的中草药水溶性浓缩液及权利要求5中的土壤改良剂兑水75-100公斤，一次性喷施，然后覆膜。
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