CN105721033B - A kind of beam form-endowing method and system of multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system - Google Patents
A kind of beam form-endowing method and system of multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105721033B CN105721033B CN201610099602.6A CN201610099602A CN105721033B CN 105721033 B CN105721033 B CN 105721033B CN 201610099602 A CN201610099602 A CN 201610099602A CN 105721033 B CN105721033 B CN 105721033B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
- H04B7/0621—Feedback content
- H04B7/0626—Channel coefficients, e.g. channel state information [CSI]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0686—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0695—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using beam selection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
- H04B7/0837—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
- H04B7/0842—Weighted combining
- H04B7/086—Weighted combining using weights depending on external parameters, e.g. direction of arrival [DOA], predetermined weights or beamforming
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
- H04B7/0868—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and combining
- H04B7/088—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and combining using beam selection
Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of digital information, provide the beam form-endowing method and system of a kind of multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system, comprising: according to default wave beam forming training algorithm, carry out wave beam forming training to user terminal, obtain wave beam forming training result；According to wave beam forming training result, conflict user terminal is judged whether there is, conflict user terminal is the user terminal that wave beam forming vector is sent using same base end downlink；If so, sending/receiving wave beam forming vector pair to downlink for conflict user terminal selection, obtains conflict user terminal and wait for downlink reception wave beam forming vector index；Conflict user terminal is waited for that the index of downlink reception wave beam forming vector is sent to conflict user terminal, searches conflict user terminal according to the index received corresponding to downlink reception wave beam forming vector.By the way that conflict deterministic process is added in traditional wave beam forming mechanism, wave beam forming vector is reselected for conflict user terminal, improves the achievable rate for the user terminal that conflicts in traditional wave beam forming training method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of digital information, and in particular to a kind of wave beam forming of multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system
Method and system.
Background technique
In recent years, with millimeter wave (Millimeter Wave) technology and extensive multiple-input and multiple-output (Massive
Multi-Input Multi-Output, MIMO) technology be considered as the following 5G key technology a part, cause academia
With the extensive concern of industry.Millimeter wave frequency band has a large amount of usable spectrum resources, and it is growing to can satisfy mobile communication
Service traffics demand.Further, since the wavelength of millimeter wave is shorter, according to antenna theory, the antenna size of millimeter-wave systems also compared with
It is small, make it possible to place several hundred or even thousands of antennas in small range space, is more advantageous to extensive antenna technology in reality
Application in system.Although it is excessive that millimeter-wave systems have the shortcomings that channel path declines, extensive antenna institute can use
The beamforming technique of offer declines excessive disadvantage to make up millimeter wave channel path, is applied to for millimeter-wave technology mobile logical
Letter provides possibility.
In an extensive antenna system of single cell multi-user's millimeter wave, base station is equipped with root M antenna, while servicing K
User terminal, each user terminal are equipped with N root antenna.Traditional digital precoding framework, passes through a digital pre-coding matrixThe data of K user terminal are mapped on M radio frequency link and antenna element, optimal precoding can be obtained
Can, however this framework needs M radio frequency link, to cause the problems such as hardware complexity is high, power consumption is big.Therefore multi-user's milli
Mixing precoding framework is generallyd use in metric wave system, including is connected mixing precoding framework and son connection entirely and mixed precoding frame
Structure.As shown in Figure 1, each radio frequency link is connect with all M root antennas, from each in full connection mixing precoding framework
The signal of a radio frequency link is added in antenna end；As shown in Fig. 2, in sub- connection mixing precoding framework, each radio frequency link
M/K root antenna is connected, i.e. every antenna is only connected with a radio frequency link.
In the case where mixing precoding framework, the data of K user terminal first pass around oneDigital precode square
Battle array is mapped on K radio frequency link, and the signal on each radio frequency link is connected on antenna after up-conversion by phase shifter.
Correspondingly, being added after the shifted device of reception signal on every antenna of user terminal, it is connected on a radio frequency link.Mixing prelists
Under code framework, downlink signal mode is represented byWherein ykFor the number of k-th of user terminal
The termination collection of letters number, HkDown channel matrix between k-th of user terminal and base station, F and B are respectively that simulation precoding and number are pre-
Encoder matrix, WkIndicate the downlink reception wave beam forming vector of k-th of user terminal, nkIndicate white Gaussian noise vector.It should be noted that
, under full connection mixing precoding framework, there is F=[f1,f2,…,fK], whereinIndicate k-th of user terminal
Base station end downlink sends wave beam forming vector.And under sub- connection mixing precoding framework, haveWhereinIndicate that the base station end downlink of k-th of user terminal sends wave beam
Figuration vector.Precoding framework is mixed with son connection in order to which Unify legislation connects entirely, we define Hk,pFor k-th user terminal and
Base station end is connected to the channel matrix between the antenna of p-th of radio frequency link.For connecting framework entirely, due to each radio frequency link
All antennas are connected to, thereforeAnd for sub- connection framework, there is Hk=[Hk,1,Hk,2,…,
Hk,k], i.e. Hk,pFor Hk?ToColumn.Limited by device constraints, transmission/reception wave beam forming to
Amount can only be selected from simulation code book predetermined, respectively the simulation code book W of simulation the code book F and user terminal of base station end.
In the case where mixing precoding framework, while design simulation precoding and digital pre-coding matrix are always held with maximizing system
The Global Optimal Problem complexity of amount is excessively high, therefore usually separately designs simulation precoding and digital pre-coding matrix, and wave
The training of beam figuration refers to the transmission/reception wave beam forming vector process for selecting each user terminal optimal from simulation code book.It passes
Wave beam forming training mechanism unite using signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) Criterion is maximized, that is, maximizes the received signal to noise ratio of each user terminal, and ignores
It is interfered between user terminal, { f can be expressed ask,wk}=arg max | | wTHk,kF | | s.t.w ∈ W, f ∈ F, here { fk,wkIndicate
K-th of user terminal sends/receives wave beam forming vector.After completion analog end sends/receive weight vector design, we can be obtained
To downlink equivalent channelWhereinFor j-th of radio frequency link of base station end and i-th of user terminal
Between equivalent channel coefficient.Utilize broken zero (Zero-forcing, ZF) precoding algorithms, available digital precode matrix
Are as follows:Wherein Λ is pair of horns battle array, is distributed for transmission power between user terminal.
Since millimeter wave channel path is decayed big characteristic, the scatterer negligible amounts of millimeter wave multipath channel usually may be used
To be by millimeter wave Channel ModelingWherein, it indicates to use
The antenna amount that down channel between family end and base station, N and M respectively indicate user terminal and base station is equipped with, NrayFor multipath number,
alIt indicates the channel coefficients of corresponding scattering path, and respectively indicates the antenna response vector of user terminal and base station, θ and φ
Respectively horizontally and vertically angle of arrival.
Traditional wave beam forming training mechanism mainly includes exhaustive search and single feedback etc..Exhaustive search mechanism searches for institute
Possible transmission/reception wave beam forming vector pair, user terminal measure the channel under each pair of transmission/reception wave beam forming vector
Quality, therefrom selection is so that maximum one group of received signal to noise ratio, and the index for sending wave beam forming vector is fed back to base station.Thoroughly
Search mechanisms to the greatest extent can achieve optimal performance, but complexity is higher.Wave beam forming training is split as two by single feedback mechanism
The all possible transmission wave beam forming vector of a process, first base station search, user terminal are received using omni-beam and estimate to believe
Road quality, user terminal therefrom select optimal transmission wave beam forming vector and are indexed to feed back to base station.Then, base station is fixed
Wave beam forming vector is sent, user terminal searches for optimal reception wave beam forming vector.Compared with exhaustive search mechanism, single feedback
The complexity of mechanism substantially reduces, but also results in certain performance loss simultaneously, furthermore its complexity with user terminal number increase
And increase.
Summary of the invention
In view of the defects existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of wave beam forming side of multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system
Method and system, to solve in existing multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system, wave beam forming selection mechanism is needed with higher complicated journey
The problem of spending to improve the achievable rate for the user terminal that wave beam conflict occurs.
For this purpose, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a kind of beam form-endowing method of multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system, packet
It includes:
According to preset wave beam forming training algorithm, wave beam forming training is carried out to user terminal, obtains wave beam forming training
As a result；
According to the wave beam forming training result, conflict user terminal is judged whether there is, the conflict user terminal is to use
Identical base station end downlink sends the user terminal of wave beam forming vector；
Conflict user terminal if it exists, then sends/receive wave beam forming vector pair to downlink for conflict user terminal selection,
Obtain the index to downlink reception wave beam forming vector of the conflict user terminal；
The index to downlink reception wave beam forming vector of the conflict user terminal is sent to the conflict user terminal, with
Keep the conflict user terminal corresponding to downlink reception wave to the lookup of downlink reception wave beam forming vector index according to what is received
Beam figuration vector.
Wherein, further includes:
Conflict user terminal if it does not exist, then according to the wave beam forming training result, sends wave beam to each user terminal
Figuration vector.
Wherein, described that wave beam forming training is carried out according to preset wave beam forming training algorithm, obtain wave beam forming training
As a result, comprising:
According to preset wave beam forming training algorithm, carry out wave beam forming training, obtain each transmission/reception wave beam forming to
The equivalent channel quality under is measured, so that each user terminal sends/receive wave beam tax according to signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) Criterion selection downlink is maximized
Shape vector pair；
The base station end downlink for receiving each user terminal sends the index of wave beam forming vector, obtains wave beam forming training result,
The index that the base station end downlink sends wave beam forming vector is to make the maximum base station end downlink send wave of each user terminal signal-to-noise ratio
The index of beam figuration vector.
Wherein, the formula for maximizing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) Criterion are as follows:
{fk,wk}=arg max | | wTHk,kF | | s.t.w ∈ W, f ∈ F,
In formula, fkWave beam forming vector, w are sent to serve the base station end downlink of k-th of user terminalkTo serve k-th
The downlink reception wave beam forming vector of user terminal, Hk,kIt is connected to for k-th of user terminal between the antenna sets of k-th of radio frequency link
Down channel matrix, f and w are to send/receive wave beam forming vector pair, w by the calculated alternative downlink of formulaTFor by formula
Calculated base station end downlink send wave beam forming vector transposed vector, argmax be take maximum symbol, | | | | be vector
Two norms, W and F are respectively the wave beam forming code book of user terminal and base station end, and s.t. is constraint condition, for constraining user terminal
Receiving down beam shaping vector w must select from user terminal wave beam forming code book W, and base station end sends wave beam forming vector f
It must be selected from base station end wave beam forming code book F.
Wherein, described according to the wave beam forming training result, judge whether there is conflict user terminal, comprising:
The index that wave beam forming vector is sent according to the downlink, determines the base station end downlink send wave of each user terminal
Beam figuration vector；
Wave beam forming vector is sent according to the base station end downlink of each user terminal, judges whether there is conflict user terminal.
Wherein, the formula for judging whether there is conflict user terminal are as follows:
fi=fj, i ≠ j,
In formula, fiAnd fjRespectively the base station end downlink of ith and jth user terminal sends wave beam forming vector.
Wherein, the user terminal that conflicts if it exists then selects for the conflict user terminal to base station end downlink transmission/reception
Wave beam forming vector pair obtains the index of the base station end wave beam forming vector to be received of the conflict user terminal, comprising:
Calculate the N of each user terminal in the conflict user terminaldA significant wave beam forming vector pair, constructs significant wave beam
To setWherein, the NdA significant wave beam forming vector is to the N to reach maximum received signal to noise ratiodA different wave beam
Figuration vector pair, NdFor preset constant, pkFor the index of k-th of user terminal that conflicts, 1≤k≤Kc, KcFor of conflict user terminal
Number；
Receive the N of each conflict user terminaldThe significant wave beam forming of transmission of a significant wave beam forming vector centering to
Amount index；
According to the quadrature training sequence sent on the radio frequency link of the conflict user terminal, it is anti-to scan the conflict user terminal
The N of feedbackdA significant wave beam forming vector pair, so that the conflict user terminal measures and feeds back equivalent channel coefficient；
According to the significant wave beam forming vector index of the transmission and the equivalent channel coefficient, it is based on pre-set criteria, in institute
Significant wave beam is stated to setIn range, select to send/receive wave beam forming vector pair to downlink for the conflict user terminal.
Wherein, the pre-set criteria are as follows:
In formula,For k-th conflict user terminal signal-to-noise ratio,For the base of the selection of the 1st user terminal that conflicts
End downlink of standing sends wave beam forming vector,For the 1st conflict user terminal downlink reception wave beam forming vector,For Kc
The base station end downlink of a conflict user terminal sends wave beam forming vector,For KcThe downlink reception wave beam of a conflict user terminal
Figuration vector,Base station end downlink for k-th of user terminal that conflicts sends wave beam forming vector,For k-th of conflict user
The downlink reception wave beam forming vector at end, argmax are to take maximum symbol, and Σ is summation symbol, and s.t. is constraint condition, is used for
For each conflict user terminal, downlink sends/receives wave beam forming vector and corresponds to from significant wave beam to set for constraintMiddle choosing
It takes.
Second aspect, the present invention provide a kind of beam-forming system of multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system, comprising:
Training module, for carrying out wave beam forming training to user terminal, obtaining according to preset wave beam forming training algorithm
Wave beam forming training result；
Judgment module, for judging whether there is conflict user terminal, the conflict according to the wave beam forming training result
User terminal is the user terminal that wave beam forming vector is sent using identical base station end downlink；
Selecting module, for being selected to downlink transmission/received wave for the conflict user terminal when there is conflict user terminal
Beam figuration vector pair obtains the index to downlink reception wave beam forming vector of the conflict user terminal；
First sending module, for the index to downlink reception wave beam forming vector of the conflict user terminal to be sent to
The conflict user terminal, so that the conflict user terminal is according to receiving to the lookup pair of downlink reception wave beam forming vector index
Answer to downlink reception wave beam forming vector.
Wherein, further includes:
Second sending module, for there is no when conflict user terminal, according to the wave beam forming training result, to described each
User terminal sends wave beam forming vector.
The beam form-endowing method and system of a kind of multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system provided by the invention, by traditional
It joined conflict deterministic process in wave beam forming training method, the user terminal of wave beam conflict sent for downlink, according to default standard
Then, wave beam forming vector is reselected, the reachable of the conflict user terminal in traditional wave beam forming training method is significantly improved
Rate, moreover, by the significant wave beam forming vector centering for being limited to conflict user terminal is re-searched for, therefore there is lower complexity
Degree.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate more clearly of the embodiment of the present disclosure or technical solution in the prior art, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Disclosed some embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
Other attached drawings are obtained according to these figures.
Fig. 1 is the model schematic of full connection hybrid coding framework in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is the model schematic of sub- connection hybrid coding framework in the prior art；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the beam form-endowing method for multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system that one embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 4 is wave beam forming vector significant in one embodiment of the invention to schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the principle signal of the beam form-endowing method for multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system that one embodiment of the invention provides
Figure；
Fig. 6 is channel multi-path number N in one embodiment of the inventionrayWhen=3, the cumulative distribution for the user terminal achievable rate that conflicts
Function simulation curve figure；
Fig. 7 is channel multi-path number N in one embodiment of the inventionrayWhen=6, the cumulative distribution for the user terminal achievable rate that conflicts
Function simulation curve figure；
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the beam-forming system for multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system that one embodiment of the invention provides
Figure.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present disclosure is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the disclosure, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment belongs to the range of disclosure protection.
As shown in figure 3, one embodiment of the disclosure provides the beam form-endowing method of multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system, the party
Method includes the following steps S1 to S4:
S1, wave beam forming instruction is obtained to user terminal progress wave beam forming training according to preset wave beam forming training algorithm
Practice result；
Specifically, the preset wave beam forming training algorithm in step S1 is exhaustive search or single feedback search.
It should be noted that the wave beam forming training algorithm used at this is by way of example only, the unlimited standing wave of the present embodiment
The concrete type of beam figuration training algorithm, those skilled in the art can select other wave beam forming training to calculate according to the actual situation
Method carries out wave beam forming training.
S2, according to the wave beam forming training result, judge whether there is conflict user terminal, the conflict user terminal is to adopt
The user terminal of wave beam forming vector is sent with identical base station end downlink；
S3, conflict user terminal if it exists, then sends/receive wave beam forming vector to downlink for conflict user terminal selection
It is right, obtain the index to downlink reception wave beam forming vector of the conflict user terminal；
S4, the index to downlink reception wave beam forming vector of the conflict user terminal is sent to the conflict user
End, so that the conflict user terminal is connect to the lookup of downlink reception wave beam forming vector index is corresponding to downlink according to receiving
Receive wave beam forming vector.
The beam form-endowing method of a kind of multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system provided in this embodiment, by traditional wave beam
It joined conflict deterministic process in figuration training method, the user terminal of wave beam conflict sent for downlink, reselect wave beam tax
Shape vector significantly improves the achievable rate of the conflict user terminal in traditional wave beam forming training method.
In the present embodiment, include the steps that S3` is not shown in the figure；
S3`, conflict user terminal if it does not exist, then according to the wave beam forming training result, sends to each user terminal
Wave beam forming vector.
It should be noted that in the case where judgement is without conflict user terminal, beam form-endowing method in the present embodiment with
Traditional beam form-endowing method is identical.
In the present embodiment, step S1: " according to preset wave beam forming training algorithm, wave beam forming is carried out to user terminal
Training, obtains wave beam forming training result ", including following subdivided step S11 to S12 not shown in the figure:
S11, according to preset wave beam forming training algorithm, carry out wave beam forming training, obtain each transmission/reception wave beam and assign
Equivalent channel quality of the shape vector under, so that each user terminal selects downlink transmission/received wave according to signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) Criterion is maximized
Beam figuration vector pair；
S12, the base station end downlink for receiving each user terminal send the index of wave beam forming vector, obtain wave beam forming training knot
Fruit, the index that the base station end downlink sends wave beam forming vector is to send the maximum base station end downlink of each user terminal signal-to-noise ratio
The index of wave beam forming vector.
Specifically, the formula of the maximization signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) Criterion in the present embodiment step S11 are as follows:
{fk,wk}=arg max | | wTHk,kF | | s.t.w ∈ W, f ∈ F,
In formula, fkWave beam forming vector, w are sent to serve the base station end downlink of k-th of user terminalkTo serve k-th
The downlink reception wave beam forming vector of user terminal, Hk,kIt is connected to for k-th of user terminal between the antenna sets of k-th of radio frequency link
Down channel matrix, f and w are to send/receive wave beam forming vector pair, w by the calculated alternative downlink of formulaTFor by formula
Calculated base station end downlink send wave beam forming vector transposed vector, argmax be take maximum symbol, | | | | be vector
Two norms, W and F are respectively the wave beam forming code book of user terminal and base station end, and s.t. is constraint condition, for constraining user terminal
Receiving down beam shaping vector w must select from user terminal wave beam forming code book W, and base station end sends wave beam forming vector f
It must be selected from base station end wave beam forming code book F.
It should be noted that f and w does not have specific meaning in formula, it is by the formula of above-mentioned maximization signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) Criterion
Calculated alternative downlink sends/receives wave beam forming vector pair, and the effect of argmax is exactly from these alternative vector centerings
Selection so that | | | | it is maximum a pair of vector pair.
Specifically, the size of W and F is respectively Q and P.
It should be noted that the formula describes according to signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) Criterion is maximized to be the best hair of each user selection
The process of wave beam forming vector pair is sent/received, i.e., from alternative w and f, optimal a pair is selected, as { fk,wk}。
Specifically, the step S2 in the present embodiment: " according to the wave beam forming training result, conflict is judged whether there is
User terminal ", including following subdivided step S21 to S22 not shown in the figure:
S21, the index that wave beam forming vector is sent according to the downlink determine the base station end downlink hair of each user terminal
Send wave beam forming vector；
S22, wave beam forming vector is sent according to the base station end downlink of each user terminal, judges whether there is conflict user
End.
Specifically, the formula of conflict user terminal is judged whether there is are as follows:
fi=fj, i ≠ j,
In formula, fiAnd fjRespectively the base station end downlink of ith and jth user terminal sends wave beam forming vector.
In the present embodiment by according to the downlink of user terminal send wave beam forming vector it is whether identical, can effectively judge be
It is no to there is conflict user terminal, and make to rush a figure user terminal according to judging result and reselect wave beam forming vector, it is significant to improve
The achievable rate of conflict user terminal in traditional wave beam forming training method.
Specifically, the step S3 in the present embodiment: " conflict user terminal if it exists, then for the conflict user terminal select to
Downlink sends/receives wave beam forming vector pair, obtains the rope to downlink reception wave beam forming vector of the conflict user terminal
Draw ", including following subdivided step S31 to S34 not shown in the figure:
S31, calculate it is described conflict user terminal in each user terminal NdA significant wave beam forming vector pair, construction are significant
Wave beam is to setWherein, the NdA significant wave beam forming vector is to the N to reach maximum received signal to noise ratiodIt is a different
Wave beam forming vector pair, NdFor preset constant, pkFor the index of k-th of user terminal that conflicts, 1≤k≤Kc, KcFor the user terminal that conflicts
Number；
Specifically, Fig. 4 shows significant wave beam forming vector to schematic diagram, wherein base station end code book and user terminal code book
Size be 4, the digital representation in figure sends accordingly/receives equivalent channel coefficient of the wave beam forming vector under, reddish brown
Partially indicate two obtained significant wave beam forming vectors, i.e. Ω={ { f2,w3}{f3,w2}}.Significant wave beam forming vector is to collection
The size N of conjunctiondUsual very little, the parameter is related to channel multi-path number, under sparse millimeter wave channel condition, Nd=2 can obtain
Good performance is obtained, and because of the number K of conflict user terminalcAlso very little, therefore, the wave beam forming training mechanism of enhancing are answered
Miscellaneous degreeIt is lower.
S32, the N for receiving each conflict user terminaldThe significant wave beam of the transmission of a significant wave beam forming vector centering is assigned
Shape vector index；
The quadrature training sequence sent on S33, the radio frequency link according to the conflict user terminal, scans the conflict user
Hold the N of feedbackdA significant wave beam forming vector pair, so that the conflict user terminal measures and feeds back equivalent channel coefficient；
Specifically, equivalent channel coefficient includes that each conflict user terminal corresponds to equivalent channel coefficient between radio frequency link and its
Equivalent channel coefficient between its corresponding radio frequency link of conflict user terminal.
It should be noted that the equivalent channel coefficient in the present embodiment is between the corresponding radio frequency link of other conflict user terminals
Equivalent channel coefficient, i.e. inter-user interference, are as follows:
In formula,To serve pthkThe radio frequency link and pth of a conflict user terminalkBetween a conflict user terminal
Equivalent channel coefficient,To serve pthkThe radio frequency link and pth of a conflict user terminaliA conflict user terminal
Between equivalent channel coefficient, i.e., to piThe inter-user interference of a conflict user terminal.
S34, according to the significant wave beam forming vector index of the transmission and the equivalent channel coefficient, be based on pre-set criteria,
In the significant wave beam to setIn range, select to send/receive wave beam forming vector to downlink for the conflict user terminal
It is right.
Specifically, the pre-set criteria in the present embodiment is to maximize user capacity criterion.
The beam form-endowing method of a kind of multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system provided in this embodiment, by being used according to maximization
Family capacity criterion, in significant wave beam to setIn range, send for conflict user terminal selection to downlink/receive wave beam forming
Vector pair, therefore, the beam form-endowing method can greatly be improved in traditional wave beam forming training method by lower complexity
Conflict user terminal achievable rate.
Specifically, the pre-set criteria in the step S34 in the present embodiment are as follows:
In formula,For k-th conflict user terminal signal-to-noise ratio,For the base of the selection of the 1st user terminal that conflicts
End downlink of standing sends wave beam forming vector,For the 1st conflict user terminal downlink reception wave beam forming vector,For Kc
The base station end downlink of a conflict user terminal sends wave beam forming vector,For KcThe downlink reception wave beam of a conflict user terminal
Figuration vector,Base station end downlink for k-th of user terminal that conflicts sends wave beam forming vector,For k-th of conflict user terminal
Downlink reception wave beam forming vector, argmax is to take maximum symbol, and ∑ is summation symbol, and s.t. is constraint condition, for about
For each conflict user terminal, downlink sends/receives wave beam forming vector and corresponds to from significant wave beam to set beamMiddle choosing
It takes.
Specifically, Fig. 5 shows the schematic illustration of the beam form-endowing method of multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system, such as Fig. 5
Shown, the position of two user terminals in figure is closer, causes base station using same if using traditional wave beam forming mechanism
It sends wave beam forming vector and services different user terminals, cause serious inter-user interference, two using the wave beam in the present embodiment
Some user therein can be switched in another secondary high-amplitude wave beam, inter-user interference, Jin Erti greatly reduces by shaping method
High user's achievable rate.
Separately below using the beam form-endowing method in traditional wave beam forming mechanism and the present embodiment to multi-user's millimeter wave
The performance that communication system carries out wave beam forming is compared analysis:
System block diagram using multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system of traditional wave beam forming mechanism is as shown in Figure 2: where base
End number of antennas of standing is M=256, at the same service K=4 can user, each user has N=8 root antenna, and base station end and user terminal are equal
Using classical DFT wave beam forming code book, codebook size is respectively P=64 and Q=8, and code book is determined by following codebook matrix:
In formula, C is that size is Na×NcCodebook matrix, [C]u,vFor the element value of codebook matrix u row v column, NaTable
Show antenna number, NcIndicate codebook size, channel multi-path is assumed to be Nray=3 and Nray=6, the standard deviation of channel angle extension is 15
Degree, receiving end signal-to-noise ratio are 10dB.
It is N in channel multi-path using the beam form-endowing method in the present embodimentray=3 and NrayWhen=6, conflict user terminal
The Cumulative Distribution Function simulation curve figure difference of achievable rate is as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7: as can be seen that with traditional wave beam is used
The Cumulative Distribution Function of conflict user terminal achievable rate in figuration mechanism is compared, the collection of significant wave beam forming vector pair therein
Conjunction is dimensioned to 2,.As can be seen that the beam form-endowing method in the present embodiment greatly increases the achievable rate of user terminal,
It is N in channel multi-pathrayWhen=3, there is the achievable rate of 50% user terminal lower than 4bps/ using traditional wave beam forming mechanism
Hz, using in the wave beam forming mechanism in the present embodiment, the achievable rate of 90% user terminal is greater than 7bps/Hz, meanwhile, may be used also
To find out, keyed channel multi-path number purpose increases, and gain brought by the beam form-endowing method in the present embodiment reduces, more suitable
Close sparse millimeter wave channel circumstance.
As shown in figure 8, another embodiment of the disclosure provides a kind of wave beam forming system of multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system
System, comprising: training module 10, judgment module 20, selecting module 30 and the first sending module 40；
Training module 10, for carrying out wave beam forming training to user terminal, obtaining according to preset wave beam forming training algorithm
To wave beam forming training result；
Judgment module 20, for judging whether there is conflict user terminal, the punching according to the wave beam forming training result
Prominent user terminal is the user terminal that wave beam forming vector is sent using identical base station end downlink；
Selecting module 30, for being selected to downlink transmission/reception for the conflict user terminal when there is conflict user terminal
Wave beam forming vector pair obtains the index to downlink reception wave beam forming vector of the conflict user terminal；
First sending module 40, for sending the index to downlink reception wave beam forming vector of the conflict user terminal
To the conflict user terminal, so that the conflict user terminal is searched according to what is received to downlink reception wave beam forming vector index
It is corresponding to downlink reception wave beam forming vector.
In the present embodiment, which further includes the second sending module 50 not shown in the figure:
Second sending module 50, for there is no when conflict user terminal, according to the wave beam forming training result, to described
Each user terminal sends wave beam forming vector.
The beam-forming system of a kind of multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system provided in this embodiment, by traditional wave beam
It joined conflict deterministic process in figuration training method, the user terminal of wave beam conflict sent for downlink, reselect wave beam tax
Shape vector significantly improves the achievable rate of the conflict user terminal in traditional wave beam forming training method.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., and
It is non-that it is limited；Although present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art
It is understood that it is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, either to part of or
All technical features are equivalently replaced；And these are modified or replaceed, it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution this hair
Bright claim limited range.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of beam form-endowing method of multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system characterized by comprising
According to preset wave beam forming training algorithm, wave beam forming training is carried out to user terminal, obtains wave beam forming training result；
According to the wave beam forming training result, conflict user terminal is judged whether there is, the conflict user terminal is using identical
Base station end downlink send wave beam forming vector user terminal；
Conflict user terminal if it exists, then sends/receive wave beam forming vector pair to downlink for conflict user terminal selection, obtain
The index to downlink reception wave beam forming vector of the conflict user terminal；
The index to downlink reception wave beam forming vector of the conflict user terminal is sent to the conflict user terminal, so that institute
It is corresponding to the tax of downlink reception wave beam to the lookup of downlink reception wave beam forming vector index according to what is received to state conflict user terminal
Shape vector；
It is described to carry out wave beam forming training according to preset wave beam forming training algorithm, obtain wave beam forming training result, packet
It includes:
According to preset wave beam forming training algorithm, wave beam forming training is carried out, each transmission/reception wave beam forming vector pair is obtained
Under equivalent channel quality, for each user terminal according to maximize signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) Criterion selection downlink send/receive wave beam forming to
Amount pair；
The base station end downlink for receiving each user terminal sends the index of wave beam forming vector, obtains wave beam forming training result, described
The index that base station end downlink sends wave beam forming vector is to make the maximum base station end downlink of each user terminal signal-to-noise ratio send wave beam to assign
The index of shape vector；
It is described according to the wave beam forming training result, judge whether there is conflict user terminal, comprising:
The index that wave beam forming vector is sent according to the downlink determines that the base station end downlink of each user terminal sends wave beam and assigns
Shape vector；
Wave beam forming vector is sent according to the base station end downlink of each user terminal, judges whether there is conflict user terminal；
The user terminal that conflicts if it exists then sends/receives wave beam forming vector pair to downlink for conflict user terminal selection,
Obtain the index of the wave beam forming vector to be received of the conflict user terminal, comprising:
Calculate the N of each user terminal in the conflict user terminaldA significant wave beam forming vector pair, constructs significant wave beam to collection
It closesWherein, the NdA significant wave beam forming vector is to the N to reach maximum received signal to noise ratiodA different wave beam forming
Vector pair, NdFor preset constant, pkFor the index of k-th of user terminal that conflicts, 1≤k≤Kc, KcFor the number for the user terminal that conflicts；
Receive the N of each conflict user terminaldThe significant wave beam forming vector rope of transmission of a significant wave beam forming vector centering
Draw；
According to the quadrature training sequence sent on the radio frequency link of the conflict user terminal, the conflict client feeds back is scanned
NdA significant wave beam forming vector pair, so that the conflict user terminal measures and feeds back equivalent channel coefficient；
According to the significant wave beam forming vector index of the transmission and the equivalent channel coefficient, it is based on pre-set criteria, described aobvious
Wave beam is write to setIn range, select to send/receive wave beam forming vector pair to downlink for the conflict user terminal.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein further include:
Conflict user terminal if it does not exist, then according to the wave beam forming training result, sends wave beam forming to each user terminal
Vector.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein the formula for maximizing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) Criterion are as follows:
{fk,wk}=argmax | | wTHk,kF | | s.t.w ∈ W, f ∈ F,
In formula, fkWave beam forming vector, w are sent to serve the base station end downlink of k-th of user terminalkTo serve k-th of user
The downlink reception wave beam forming vector at end, Hk,kThe downlink being connected to for k-th of user terminal between the antenna sets of k-th of radio frequency link
Channel matrix, f and w are to send/receive wave beam forming vector pair, w by the calculated alternative downlink of formulaTFor by the meter of formula
The base station end downlink of calculating sends the transposed vector of wave beam forming vector, and argmax is to take maximum symbol, | | | | it is the two of vector
Norm, W and F are respectively the wave beam forming code book of user terminal and base station end, and s.t. is constraint condition, are received for constraining user terminal
Down beam shaping vector w must be selected from user terminal wave beam forming code book W, and it is necessary that base station end sends wave beam forming vector f
It is selected from base station end wave beam forming code book F.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein the formula for judging whether there is conflict user terminal are as follows:
fi=fj, i ≠ j,
In formula, fiAnd fjRespectively the base station end downlink of ith and jth user terminal sends wave beam forming vector.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein the pre-set criteria are as follows:
In formula,For k-th conflict user terminal signal-to-noise ratio,For the base station end of the selection of the 1st user terminal that conflicts
Downlink sends wave beam forming vector,For the 1st conflict user terminal downlink reception wave beam forming vector,For KcA punching
The base station end downlink of prominent user terminal sends wave beam forming vector,For KcThe downlink reception wave beam forming of a conflict user terminal
Vector,Base station end downlink for k-th of user terminal that conflicts sends wave beam forming vector,For under k-th of conflict user terminal
Row reception wave beam forming vector, argmax are to take maximum symbol, and ∑ is summation symbol, and s.t. is constraint condition, for constraint pair
In each conflict user terminal, downlink sends/receives wave beam forming vector and corresponds to from significant wave beam to setMiddle selection.
6. a kind of beam-forming system of multi-user's millimeter-wave communication system characterized by comprising
Training module, for carrying out wave beam forming training to user terminal, obtaining wave beam according to preset wave beam forming training algorithm
Figuration training result；
Judgment module, for judging whether there is conflict user terminal, the conflict user according to the wave beam forming training result
End is using the user terminal of identical base station end downlink transmission wave beam forming vector；
Selecting module, for sending/receiving wave beam to downlink for conflict user terminal selection and assigning when there is conflict user terminal
Shape vector pair obtains the index to downlink reception wave beam forming vector of the conflict user terminal；
First sending module, it is described for the index to downlink reception wave beam forming vector of the conflict user terminal to be sent to
Conflict user terminal, so that the conflict user terminal is corresponding to the lookup of downlink reception wave beam forming vector index according to what is received
To downlink reception wave beam forming vector；
The training module, is further used for: according to preset wave beam forming training algorithm, carrying out wave beam forming training, obtains
Equivalent channel quality of each transmission/reception wave beam forming vector under, so that each user terminal is selected according to signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) Criterion is maximized
It selects downlink and sends/receive wave beam forming vector pair；The base station end downlink for receiving each user terminal sends the index of wave beam forming vector,
Wave beam forming training result is obtained, the index that the base station end downlink sends wave beam forming vector is to make each user terminal signal-to-noise ratio most
Big base station end downlink sends the index of wave beam forming vector；
The judgment module, is further used for: sending the index of wave beam forming vector according to the downlink, determines each user
The base station end downlink at end sends wave beam forming vector；Wave beam forming vector is sent according to the base station end downlink of each user terminal,
Judge whether there is conflict user terminal；
The selecting module, is further used for: calculating the N of each user terminal in the conflict user terminaldA significant wave beam forming
Vector pair constructs significant wave beam to setWherein, the NdA significant wave beam forming vector receives letter to reach maximum
Make an uproar the N of ratiodA different wave beam forming vector pair, NdFor preset constant, pkFor k-th conflict user terminal index, 1≤k≤
Kc, KcFor the number for the user terminal that conflicts；Receive the N of each conflict user terminaldThe transmission of a significant wave beam forming vector centering
Significant wave beam forming vector index；According to the quadrature training sequence sent on the radio frequency link of the conflict user terminal, institute is scanned
State the N of conflict client feeds backdA significant wave beam forming vector pair, so that the conflict user terminal measures and feeds back equivalent channel
Coefficient；According to the significant wave beam forming vector index of the transmission and the equivalent channel coefficient, it is based on pre-set criteria, described aobvious
Wave beam is write to setIn range, select to send/receive wave beam forming vector pair to downlink for the conflict user terminal.
7. system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that further include:
Second sending module, when for conflict user terminal to be not present, according to the wave beam forming training result, to each user
End sends wave beam forming vector.
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| CN107733504B (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2021-11-23 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Method and terminal for processing downlink beam training signal |
| CN107733513B (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2022-12-20 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Transmission method and device for downlink received beam training signal |
| CN106253956B (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2019-06-21 | 东南大学 | Codebook-based modulus mixing method for precoding |
| CN107888260B (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2020-10-20 | 电信科学技术研究院 | Beam selection method and related equipment |
| CN108123741B (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2021-04-16 | 上海诺基亚贝尔股份有限公司 | Overlapping sub-array (OSA) based beamforming method and apparatus |
| CN108206713B (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2021-04-27 | 上海诺基亚贝尔股份有限公司 | Beamforming in a multiple-input multiple-output system |
| CN108242949B (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2021-03-30 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | Base station and terminal, multi-user transmission system composed of base station and terminal and multi-user transmission method |
| US11362712B2 (en) | 2017-01-10 | 2022-06-14 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Adaptive numerology for beamforming training |
| CN108667501B (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2020-11-03 | 华为技术有限公司 | Analog-digital hybrid beamforming network device, method and controller |
| CN108964723A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2018-12-07 | 索尼公司 | Electronic equipment and communication means |
| US10820323B2 (en) | 2017-08-04 | 2020-10-27 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Beam indication method for multibeam wireless communication system and electronic device using the same |
| CN107635189B (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2020-03-13 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Beam selection method and device |
| CN107743043B (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2020-07-10 | 电子科技大学 | User grouping method based on out-of-band spatial information in multi-user millimeter wave system |
| CN108173584B (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2020-10-23 | 电子科技大学 | Digital-analog mixed low-feedback-quantity multi-user beam forming method in FDD mode |
| CN108391316B (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2020-12-01 | 北京邮电大学 | Wave beam distribution method |
| CN108880635A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-23 | 北京邮电大学 | A kind of transmit-receive combination mixing method for precoding of the millimeter wave mimo system based on orthogonal code book |
| CN111049560B (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2021-06-04 | 电子科技大学 | 5G C-RAN system-oriented optical codebook hybrid beam forming method |
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