CN105719475A - Flexible bus line setting and operation dispatching method - Google Patents
Flexible bus line setting and operation dispatching method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105719475A CN105719475A CN201610166129.9A CN201610166129A CN105719475A CN 105719475 A CN105719475 A CN 105719475A CN 201610166129 A CN201610166129 A CN 201610166129A CN 105719475 A CN105719475 A CN 105719475A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/20—Monitoring the location of vehicles belonging to a group, e.g. fleet of vehicles, countable or determined number of vehicles
- G08G1/202—Dispatching vehicles on the basis of a location, e.g. taxi dispatching
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
- G08G1/0108—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data
- G08G1/0112—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data from the vehicle, e.g. floating car data [FCD]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
- G08G1/0108—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data
- G08G1/0116—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data from roadside infrastructure, e.g. beacons
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
- G08G1/0137—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions for specific applications
Abstract
The invention discloses a flexible bus line setting and operation dispatching method. A method for performing stop according to a request of a flexible bus comprises the following steps that step1, a passenger starts a special bus trip terminal; step 2, a station electronic tag automatically senses the special bus trip terminal; step 3, the station electronic tag sends the information of the passenger to an operation dispatching background; step 4, the operation dispatching background automatically sends an instruction to a vehicle-mounted terminal of a bus at a previous station; step 5, the bus at the previous station stops at a departure station after receiving the instruction; step 6, a vehicle-mounted electronic tag automatically senses and obtains the information of the passenger; step 7, the vehicle-mounted electronic tag sends the information of the passenger to the operation dispatching background; step 8, an electronic tag of a destination station automatically senses and obtains the information of the passenger. The flexible bus line setting and operation dispatching method optimizes bus line setting and performs dynamic operation dispatching through time-space analysis and simulation conducted on the trip data of the passenger selecting a flexible-route bus line.
Description
Technical field
Patent of the present invention belongs to a kind of and obtains passenger's trip requirements information in real time by mobile Internet and technology of Internet of things, and to the method that public transport transport power carries out Real-time and Dynamic running scheduling, the present invention relates to bus passenger trip information obtain in real time, elastic public bus network method to set up and running scheduling model etc..
Background technology
Elastic public transit system (also referred to as flexible bus retainer system) is the bus operation instrument of a kind of response demand providing point-to-point to service for the passenger in low-density passenger flow region, and it is different from the fixed route public transport pattern that tradition fixed point alignment is stood surely.Resilient path public transport has had the development course of about 30 years abroad, early stage be primarily intended to for meeting disadvantaged group and the trip requirements of specific user (such as hospital, school, airport etc.), in the recent period along with the development of mechanics of communication, resilient path public transport can provide for the trip of remote districts or low-density passenger flow zone passenger and service easily.The bus service of China typically belongs to route and fixing work shift pattern, and the feature of route service is the operational excellence when intensity of passenger flow is higher, reasonably arranges operational plan can effectively reduce total operation cost；But, within the time period that intensity of passenger flow is relatively low or in the relatively low region of intensity of passenger flow, to there is following a series of problem in the bus of route: the no-load ratio of bus is higher, and passenger waiting time can be elongated, overall cost of operation raising of transit operator etc..Resilient path public transport is exactly arise at the historic moment under this background, the pattern of this pattern is on-demand service, the i.e. request of the response dynamics passenger that bus is real-time, the no-load ratio of public transport can be reduced, thus saving overall operation cost, also improve passenger's satisfaction to service by quickly responding passenger demand.No matter it is route public transport or resilient path public transport, it is necessary to follow the core of " people-oriented ".Therefore, its path optimization and scheduling are required for taking into full account " bounded rationality " psychological and behavioral characteristics of people.
Resilient path public transport problem belongs to the category of the public transport of response demand, is a kind of intelligent transportation system (ITS), a kind of new traffic operation system complying with social need that it is as the development of information technology and is formed.Compare the key project " advanced public transport operation system " (SystemforAdvancedManagementofPublicTransportOperations is called for short SAMPO) in influential European Union ITS the 4th framework being Finland, Belgium, Britain, Ireland, Italy and the participation of country of 6, Sweden and SAMPLUS in the world.Additionally, Germany, the U.S., the Canadian public transportation system also having this response demand.China there is no at present come into operation truly, the public transportation system of response demand towards the public.The public transportation system of China is mostly with the form operation of bus, but bus remains the public transportation system of route.Current existing unit is travelled frequently the appearance of the public transit system such as student's public transport that public transport, the public transport in each big supermarket, private school provide, describe resident's demand to the public transportation system of response demand, also indicate that China has the good basis of the public transportation system of development response demand simultaneously.
On the whole, current elastic public transit system both domestic and external or the elastic-like public transit system overwhelming majority are all based on the response demand of passenger's active request.
In the region that bus service is within the time period that intensity of passenger flow is relatively low or intensity of passenger flow is relatively low of traditional route and fixing work shift pattern, there is the problems such as no-load ratio is higher, passenger waiting time length, operation cost are high.The pattern of resilient path public transport on-demand service, it is possible to reduce public transport no-load ratio, save operating cost, improve passenger's satisfaction to service.But, current elastic public transit system both domestic and external is typically all the response modes based on passenger's active request, sensing automatically cannot be accomplished and obtain Customer information in real time, this cannot accomplish sensing automatically mainly due to technical reason and obtain Customer information in real time, thus result in the application bottleneck of resilient path public transit system, thus also just cannot carry out website classification setting targetedly, do not accomplish according to passenger demand Real-Time Scheduling.Along with the development of mobile Internet, technology of Internet of things, making us can automatically sense and obtain dynamic Customer information in real time, this provides the foundation for elastic public bus network setting, running scheduling and popularization and application.
Summary of the invention
For problem above, the present invention proposes a kind of elastic public bus network based on Internet of Things and development of Mobile Internet technology and arranges and running scheduling method.The method utilizes the information technologys such as bus car-mounted terminal, bus platform electronic tag, mobile phone A PP, Bluetooth communication, GPS location, automatically sense and obtain Customer information in real time, by to the space-time analysis of passenger's trip data and simulation, the bus stop point of resilient path public bus network is classified, and formulate different stop strategies according to classification, set up scheduling model on this basis, it is achieved the Optimized Operation to bus, promote the satisfaction of passenger's trip.The present invention can provide technical support for the operation management etc. of the setting of resilient path public bus network, elastic public transit system, and the popularization and application on a large scale of elastic public transit system are significant.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts the technical scheme that:
A kind of elastic public bus network is arranged and running scheduling method, and elastic public transport is stopped according to type of site, and described type of site includes fixed station, high density passenger flow website, low-density passenger flow website and passenger and preengages website；
Described fixed station includes originating website and terminus point, for must stopping a little of elastic public transport；
Described high density passenger flow website is the Dynamic Website of passenger flow sum >=20 person-time of getting on and off in the unit time, must stop a little for elastic public transport；
Described low-density passenger flow website is get on and off in the unit time that passenger flow sum < Dynamic Website of 20 person-times, stop according to request by elastic public transport；
It is require according to enterprises and institutions or formed a team by passenger customization and reservation, a bus station opened within certain time period that described passenger preengages website, and elastic public transport is only stopped within the time period of customization；
The method that described elastic public transport carries out stopping according to request comprises the following steps:
Step 1, passenger install special bus trip terminal by mobile phone, and before travel, passenger opens described special bus trip terminal, and when using special bus trip terminal first, passenger needs registration Customer information；
Step 2, passenger to set out website time, platform electronic tag is automatically sensed special bus trip terminal and is obtained Customer information by junction service；
Step 3, platform electronic tag send Customer information to running scheduling backstage by mobile communications network, and this passenger is labeled as waiting state by described running scheduling backstage；
The GPS that step 4, running scheduling backstage obtain all buses on this circuit by mobile communications network positions information, and finds out apart from the nearest next stop public transit vehicle of this website that sets out, and automatically sends instructions to the car-mounted terminal of described next stop public transit vehicle；
Step 5, described next stop public transit vehicle are stopped at the described website that sets out after receiving instruction, if passenger does not get on the bus, set out after website described in then rolling away from described next stop public transit vehicle, running scheduling backstage continues executing with the operation of step 4, when continuing executing with the operation of step 4, running scheduling backstage does not send instructions to other public transit vehicles of identical travel route corresponding to the next stop public transit vehicle crossing this website that sets out, if passenger loading, then performs the operation of step 6；
After step 6, passenger loading, vehicle carried electronic label is automatically sensed by junction service and is obtained Customer information；
Automatically the Customer information sensed is sent to running scheduling backstage by mobile communication network by step 7, vehicle carried electronic label, and the waiting state of this passenger is cancelled on running scheduling backstage, and this passenger of labelling is for taking state；
Step 8, passenger are after purpose website is got off on earth, point of destination point-like electron label is automatically sensed by junction service and is obtained Customer information, automatically the Customer information sensed is sent to running scheduling backstage by mobile communications network by this point of destination point-like electron label, and running scheduling backstage changes the state of taking of this passenger into getting off state.
Described platform electronic tag, vehicle carried electronic label and point of destination point-like electron label are the Internet of things node supporting Bluetooth protocol standard, and described special bus trip terminal automatically opens up the bluetooth of described mobile phone after unlatching
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that: patent of the present invention is to utilize the modern information technologies such as Internet of Things and mobile Internet (including bus car-mounted terminal, bus platform electronic tag, passenger mobile phone A PP), Bluetooth communication, GPS location, automatically sense and obtain Customer information in real time, by to the space-time analysis of resilient path public bus network passenger's trip data and simulation, optimal design-aside public bus network is gone forward side by side the method for Mobile state running scheduling.The present invention can solve the difficult problem that Customer information automatically senses and obtains in real time, and provides support to the popularization and application of elastic public transit system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the system architecture diagram of a kind of elastic public bus network setting of the present invention and running scheduling；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of a kind of elastic public bus network setting of the present invention and running scheduling method.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, present disclosure is described in further details.
Embodiment
(1) general technological system
The general technological system of the present invention, refer to shown in Fig. 1:
1) electronic tag (Internet of things node) supporting low-power consumption Bluetooth protocol standard (4.0 or above version) is installed in bus station；
2) bus is installed the electronic tag (Internet of things node) supporting low-power consumption Bluetooth protocol standard and supports the vehicle intelligent terminal of mobile network and Bluetooth protocol；
3) special bus trip terminal installed by passenger's mobile phone, and this special bus trip terminal backstage automatically starts and opens the Bluetooth function of passenger's mobile phone；
4) bus, can automatically sense by the junction service of bluetooth and transmit information between website (including set out website and purpose website) and passenger three；
5) mobile network's telecommunication transmission information can be passed through between bus, website and running scheduling backstage；
6) the transmission information such as Internet or LAN can be passed through between running scheduling backstage and operation management center, sending related data to operations control center by the data center on running scheduling backstage, public bus network is carried out elasticity according to described related data and arranges and running scheduling by operation management center.
(2) Customer information real time acquiring method
Customer information real time acquiring method, refer to shown in Fig. 2:
1) passenger before travel opens the special bus trip terminal (automatically opening up bluetooth) of mobile phone, uses first and need to register Customer information；
2) passenger is near the website that sets out, and platform Internet of things node (electronic tag) is automatically sensed by junction service (bluetooth) and obtained Customer information；
3) platform Internet of things node sends Customer information to running scheduling backstage by mobile communications network (GPRS/3G/4G etc.), and this passenger is labeled as " wait " state by running scheduling backstage；
4) GPS that running scheduling backstage obtains all buses on this circuit by mobile communications network (GPRS/3G/4G etc.) positions information；
5) running scheduling backstage is found apart from the nearest next stop bus of this website that sets out, and automatically sends instructions to the car-mounted terminal of this bus；
6) driver stops at this website that sets out after receiving instruction, and after passenger loading, vehicle-mounted Internet of things node (electronic tag) is automatically sensed by junction service (bluetooth) and obtained Customer information；
7) vehicle-mounted Internet of things node (electronic tag) sends Customer information to running scheduling backstage by mobile communications network (GPRS/3G/4G etc.)；
8) waiting state of this passenger is cancelled on running scheduling backstage, and this passenger of labelling is " taking " state；
9) this passenger arrives after purpose website gets off, purpose website Internet of things node (electronic tag) is automatically sensed by junction service (bluetooth) and is obtained Customer information, and send Customer information to running scheduling backstage by mobile communications network (GPRS/3G/4G etc.), this passenger is labeled as " getting off " state by running scheduling backstage, and once trip terminates.
(3) elastic public bus network method to set up
The website of elastic public bus network is divided into 4 classes, according to different time sections, different type of site, Public Transit Bus Stopping website is set:
1) fixed station: include starting station, terminus, must stop a little for elastic public transport；
2) high density passenger flow website: refer in the unit interval (1 hour) that this website gets on and off passenger flow sum >=20 person-times, high density passenger flow website is Dynamic Website, it is high density passenger flow website that certain website was likely in certain several time period, other times Duan Ze is likely low-density passenger flow website, and high density passenger flow website must stop a little for elastic public transport (when certain several time period is high density passenger flow website)；
3) low-density passenger flow website: refer in the unit interval (1 hour) that this website gets on and off passenger flow sum < 20 person-times, low-density passenger flow website is also Dynamic Website, it is low-density passenger flow website that certain website was likely in certain several time period, other times Duan Ze is likely high density passenger flow website, and low-density passenger flow website is the website that elastic public transport (when certain several time period is low-density passenger flow website) is just stopped according to request；
Judge that the statistical data that the method that Dynamic Website is high density passenger flow website or low-density passenger flow website can be through in the unit interval to certain website continuous time (more than 1 month) obtains；Data statistics acquisition can also be carried out by operations control center according to the request (content of step (2) part) of the passenger in the unit interval of continuous time (more than 1 month).And in actual applications, for passenger when the website that sets out of its entrance uncertain is high density passenger flow website or low-density passenger flow website, it is preferable that the elastic bus parking of request, the method for request is shown in step (2).
4) passenger preengages website: refer to require according to enterprises and institutions or formed a team by passenger customization and reservation, a bus station opened within certain time period, customization bus station is only just open-minded within the time period of customization, and this website do not stopped by other times bus.
(4) elastic public transport transport power is equipped with and scheduling model
The i-th website assuming elastic public bus network L is Zi, T represents service time every day (i.e. the first bus to the time of last bus) of public bus network L, and △ t represents the headway of public bus network L, then public bus network L every day, maximum transport number of times was:
INT () represents round numbers.
If each website of the every regular bus of circuit L is stopped, then website ZiThe transport number of times of every day is:
Mi=Mmax(2)
Owing to elastic public bus network is not that each website of every regular bus is stopped, therefore ZiThe actual shipment number of times of every day needs to be calculated.If kiRepresent ZiType of site, QiRepresent website ZiWhether there is passenger to send request, work as ZiType of site when being fixed station and high density passenger flow website, this website of Public Transit Bus Stopping, ki=1；Work as ZiType of site be low-density passenger flow website and when passenger preengages website, bus should ask to stop this website, ki=0.As jth regular bus website ZiPassenger is had to send request, Qij=1, work as ZiPassenger is not had to send request, Qij=0.Then ZiThe actual shipment number of times of every day is:
If it is constant that the master station of circuit L counts as n, n.Then total transport times N of circuit L all websites every days is:
By formula (3) and formula (4), public bus network L can carry out transport power to be equipped with and scheduling.
Guangzhou public bus network is carried out the elastic contrast test run with the common method of operation by the method that the application present invention proposes, each with one day for test period, this circuit was carried out from regular bus morning (7:00) to night shift car (22:00) the trail run test of two kinds of methods of operation, and gathers relevant service data: gather the data such as the website sum of public bus network, website classification, the time of departure, departure interval；Record the stop situation of every regular bus, each website, and passengers is pleaded condition；Utilize the method that the present invention proposes that data are processed, and apply formula (3) and formula (4) calculates the transport number of times of this elastic each website of public bus network and circuit always transports number of times；It is analyzed with the common method of operation.The every service data obtained is as shown in table 1:
Every service data of table 1 method of operation of the present invention and the common method of operation
Shown by trail run test result: the elastic public bus network setting of present invention proposition and running scheduling method can be saved the operation time of bus, more in hgher efficiency than the common public bus network method of operation.
Above-listed detailed description is illustrating for possible embodiments of the present invention, and this embodiment is also not used to limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, and all equivalences done without departing from the present invention are implemented or change, and are intended to be limited solely by the scope of the claims of this case.
Claims (2)
1. an elastic public bus network is arranged and running scheduling method, it is characterised in that:
Described elastic public transport is stopped according to type of site, and described type of site includes fixed station, high density passenger flow website, low-density passenger flow website and passenger and preengages website；
Described fixed station includes originating website and terminus point, for must stopping a little of elastic public transport；
Described high density passenger flow website is the Dynamic Website of passenger flow sum >=20 person-time of getting on and off in the unit time, must stop a little for elastic public transport；
Described low-density passenger flow website is get on and off in the unit time that passenger flow sum < Dynamic Website of 20 person-times, stop according to request by elastic public transport；
It is require according to enterprises and institutions or formed a team by passenger customization and reservation, a bus station opened within certain time period that described passenger preengages website, and elastic public transport is only stopped within the time period of customization；
The method that described elastic public transport carries out stopping according to request comprises the following steps:
Step 1, passenger install special bus trip terminal by mobile phone, and before travel, passenger opens described special bus trip terminal, and when using special bus trip terminal first, passenger needs registration Customer information；
Step 2, passenger to set out website time, platform electronic tag is automatically sensed special bus trip terminal and is obtained Customer information by junction service；
Step 3, platform electronic tag send Customer information to running scheduling backstage by mobile communications network, and this passenger is labeled as waiting state by described running scheduling backstage；
The GPS that step 4, running scheduling backstage obtain all buses on this circuit by mobile communications network positions information, and finds out apart from the nearest next stop public transit vehicle of this website that sets out, and automatically sends instructions to the car-mounted terminal of described next stop public transit vehicle；
Step 5, described next stop public transit vehicle are stopped at the described website that sets out after receiving instruction, if passenger does not get on the bus, then setting out described in rolling away from described next stop public transit vehicle after website, running scheduling backstage continues executing with the operation of step 4, if passenger loading, then perform the operation of step 6；
After step 6, passenger loading, vehicle carried electronic label is automatically sensed by junction service and is obtained Customer information；
Automatically the Customer information sensed is sent to running scheduling backstage by mobile communication network by step 7, vehicle carried electronic label, and the waiting state of this passenger is cancelled on running scheduling backstage, and this passenger of labelling is for taking state；
Step 8, passenger are after purpose website is got off on earth, point of destination point-like electron label is automatically sensed by junction service and is obtained Customer information, automatically the Customer information sensed is sent to running scheduling backstage by mobile communications network by this point of destination point-like electron label, and running scheduling backstage changes the state of taking of this passenger into getting off state.
2. elastic public bus network according to claim 1 is arranged and running scheduling method, it is characterized in that, described platform electronic tag, vehicle carried electronic label and point of destination point-like electron label are the Internet of things node supporting Bluetooth protocol standard, and described special bus trip terminal automatically opens up the bluetooth of described mobile phone after unlatching.
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| CN106781432A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-05-31 | 青岛海信网络科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method and device of public traffic vehicles schedule |
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