CN105718649A - Construction method for paper book capable of hierarchically displaying knowledge network - Google Patents
Construction method for paper book capable of hierarchically displaying knowledge network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a construction method for a paper book capable of hierarchically displaying a knowledge network. The construction method comprises the steps: constructing knowledge point objects; decomposing paper-book-related field knowledge into a series of knowledge points without a name conflict; constructing a directory for the paper book; organizing all the knowledge point objects based on a causal relation by utilizing a depth first search method according to a theme of the paper book, thereby forming a knowledge trunk; displaying the knowledge trunk by utilizing a directory structure displaying method; according to the obtained directory tree, from the beginning of the directory, writing knowledge point descriptions corresponding to entries into the content of a paper book main body, on which page numbers are sequentially marked and a starting page number of each knowledge point and a certain symbols representing relations of directory-tree-related entries are recorded; constructing searching methods for the knowledge points and other contents. By adopting the construction method for the paper book capable of hierarchically displaying the knowledge network, the hierarchy of a compiled paper book can be clearer, the use is more convenient, and establishment of an internal relation of paper book internal knowledge is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to bibliogony field, more particularly, to the paper book construction method of a kind of stratification explicit knowledge network, the book content of complicated network relation can be organized with stratification association, knowledge point quick search mode.
Background technology
Knowledge is people's understanding to objective world.Knowledge generally exists with the form of knowledge network, namely knowledge abstraction can become several knowledge points, then be linked up formation knowledge network.
The books of papery and paper book are human knowledge, civilization succession and the important media propagated.In essence, paper book is the one-dimensional or two-dimentional description to knowledge network.The construction method of paper book is: adopts natural language or with other language, knowledge and thought is described, then according to certain relation provides a trunk catalogue, it being organized, providing index and other search methods simultaneously.
Along with the development and progress of computer technology, people often use electronic technology product to record knowledge and thought, thus creating e-book.In a broad sense, any electronic technology product is all the reflection to knowledge, it is also possible to think the record to knowledge and thought and application, but e-book here is narrow sense, referring to the product reading and obtaining knowledge in a computer, its main purpose is the understanding of the study of knowledge and thought.
Owing to knowledge point is had very strong connection ability by e-book, so e-book can help reader to set up knowledge network by setting up the contact between knowledge point, thus effectively grasping relevant knowledge.Therefore, use e-book is the development trend of bibliogony.
But, the paper book with history in several thousand still can have existent value within considerable time, and main cause is:
(1) paper book has stronger existence sense, friendliness, natural sense, arbitrarily feels.People can stroke it when reading, can produce strong mental impression, very studious.
(2) paper book has stronger associative perception and details sense.E-book is difficult to produce associative perception, although it has powerful zoom function, but amplification is too high, then be not easily formed total concept, if reduced, does not see discreet portions.
(3) paper book is easy to succession.Paper book is directly by letter symbol record knowledge, is only appreciated that the meaning of letter symbol, then no matter how long people all may identify which, so we can read the books of ancient times.E-book is quite different, and it needs interpreter, namely needs interpreter to read in electronic data and to convert it into visual letter symbol.If the interpreter of certain e-book is absent from, then this kind of e-book also cannot employ.
(4) paper book is easy to knowledge learning and innovation, the creation of free form.The function of e-book is very powerful, however it is necessary that special instrument and operational approach, for instance can quickly find required knowledge point by keyword retrieval.But people are when carrying out knowledge learning with innovation, relatively freer, random mode is likely to advantageously.Such as, the somewhere that experience of study writes on paper book conveniently is more valuable with innovation possibly for the study of knowledge.
No matter being conventional book or e-book, its purpose is contemplated to represent complicated knowledge and thought, user friendly study and application.Obviously, this complex relationship of knowledge and thought being represented more clear, facilitated, study and application effect to knowledge are more good.Therefore, using for reference the e-book feature to knowledge connection relational representation method, it is very valuable for designing a kind of study for knowledge of the paper book construction method, application and innovation more clearly representing knowledge relation.
Summary of the invention
In order to enable paper book to represent knowledge relation better, namely represent knowledge network, it is necessary to about some theoretical and methods of the representation of knowledge in using artificial intelligent study field.
Expressing for knowledge method is a lot, the method such as such as state space method, predicate logic, ontology, semantic network, frame system, production KR, Petri network representation, neutral net, these methods can be attributed to representation of knowledge master pattern, finally all forms knowledge network.According to representation of knowledge master pattern, knowledge is the reflection to objective world, because objective world is multidimensional, so knowledge is also multidimensional.Knowledge application be unable to do without knowledge network, so being be mutually related between knowledge point.Effectively representing knowledge, it has to be noted that 2 points: one is from multidimensional to represent knowledge, two is to set up the incidence relation between knowledge.
Obviously, e-book has very strong advantage for expressing for knowledge.Therefore, we first carefully analyze the construction method of e-book, then describe the structure how carrying out paper book.
If knowledge has identical knowledge particles size, or when applying for one, its knowledge particles is not subdivisible, then can carry out the representation of knowledge, and can reasoning solve.This is the basic guarantee that many artificial intelligence systems succeed.But for an application, people can not set up such a knowledge system being made up of completely not subdivisible knowledge point, because this not only makes knowledge system very huge, and greatly reduces knowledge system solution efficiency.So the structure of e-book can not adopt general knowledge representation method, and the knowledge representation methods such as specialist system can only be adopted.The present invention adopts problem-oriented analysis and decision-making (POAD, ProblemOrientedAnalysisandDecision) knowledge representation method carries out the knowledge architecture of e-book, namely the representation of knowledge is carried out with the specialist system of problem-oriented analysis Yu Decision-making Expert System (POADES, ProblemOrientedAnalysisandDecisionExpertSystem).Problem-oriented analysis is as follows with the basic conception of the specialist system of decision-making (POAD):
(1) knowledge dictionary
Knowledge dictionary, for the object in Description of Knowledge system, mainly comprises three aspects: object oriented, object type and object factory.Therefore knowledge dictionary D can be expressed as follows by tlv triple:
D=(O, T, E)
Here O represents that object, T represent the classification of object and usually said part of speech, and E represents the semantic interpretation of object O.
In POAD, conventional object has 5 kinds: agent object, problem objects, problematic phenomenon object, principle knowledge object and procedural knowledge object, uses O respectivelyM, OPB, OPH, OPL, OPRRepresenting, these 5 kinds of objects are collectively referred to as MP4 object.
(2) POAD blocks of knowledge
POAD specialist system is a kind of to be core with problem, meet human thinking's customary way and build and the system of working knowledge, adopts support issue analysis and decision-making, the representation of knowledge centered by problem objects, and its blocks of knowledge namely knowledge point can represent with Fig. 1.
Knowledge system K can describe as follows:
K=(OM,OPB,OPH,OPL,OPR,R)
Here R represents the relation between various object, it may be assumed that
R=(O1,O2)
Here O1,O2Represent any two object.
Dependency relation between object
Relation between two objects is divided into simple correlation relation and cause effect relation two kinds by POAD.
Simple correlation relation RSDefine as follows:
RS=(OPB,O2)
O in formula2Represent OPBOther objects beyond type.RSRepresent with single line in FIG.
Cause effect relation RCDefine as follows:
RC=(OPB1,OPB2)
What cause effect relation represented is the relation between problem objects.Because conventional tree describes cause effect relation, so being called because of fruit tree.Because fruit tree T can represent with following formula:
T=(OPB,RC)
RCRepresent with two-wire in FIG.In general RCRepresented relation has "AND", "or" relation two kinds.In Fig. 2, line with arrow represents the relation of "or", and the line segment that camber line connects represents the relation of "AND".Such as problem A is together decided on by B, C, D, as long as and having one to occur C just necessarily to occur in H, I, J.
Cause effect relation is people's understanding to natural cardinal principle, embodies the decomposability of problem objects.The end condition that cause effect relation decomposes is relevant with application.
POAD is consistent with the thinking habit of the mankind, exploitation is easy, knowledge quantity is unrestricted, be easy to the advantages such as reasoning to use the POAD specialist system POADES (ProblemOrientedAnalysisandDecisionExpertSystem) developed to have, therefore can be not only used for the exploitation of specialist system, and can apply to the structure of e-book.
Owing to paper book is record knowledge on static paper, so must be limited in two dimension paper plane.Formally seeing, paper book is to record knowledge in a two-dimensional manner.From local, each knowledge point itself in book can be multidimensional, for instance mathematic(al) representation can be regarded as and express knowledge with multi-dimensional fashion, if but the knowledge point in book is regarded as a point, seeing on the whole, books are actually record knowledge in the way of one-dimensional.So a difference of paper book and e-book is exactly paper book can not realize redirecting of knowledge point either directly through linking relationship as e-book, it is necessary to set certain and redirect relation, paper book just can be made to represent the knowledge relation of complexity.Another difference of paper book and e-book is paper book itself is static, it is impossible to automatically carries out knowledge-based reasoning when reader uses and solves, and therefore can do some and simplify.
In order to make paper book express knowledge and thought better, the present invention proposes a kind of paper book construction method based on problem-oriented analysis Yu decision-making (POAD, ProblemOrientedAnalysisandDecision) specialist system.First the content of paper book to be represented is analyzed and comprehensively, and carries out the division of blocks of knowledge according to the main target of paper book and key problem by the method, sets up Knowledge Objects and description thereof.For needing the paper book of very Precise Representation domain knowledge, it is possible to its knowledge to be expressed and thought are analyzed, conclude, MP4 object and the knowledge particles that each object choice is suitable are set up in comprehensive basis.For the paper book generally required, then can simplify.In the present invention, replace MP4 object with Knowledge Objects, namely only set up Knowledge Objects.Whole blocks of knowledge, to liking a kind of object being core with problem objects, is simplified to an object by this, agent object, phenomenon object, principle knowledge object and the process knowledge object that individually discussion is relevant to problem objects.The content of MP4 object is included in Knowledge Objects, it is necessary to reader is by reading understanding.Comprising two parts content inside each Knowledge Objects, a part is to the description on current level of this Knowledge Objects, and another part is the inside composition of this knowledge point, represents with its sub-Knowledge Objects.
Then build knowledge main frame tree according to paper book main target, adopt Depth Priority Searching to be connected into a knowledge main frame tree according to cause effect relation all of knowledge point.On knowledge main frame tree, each knowledge point is according to filiation tissue, and this filiation is mainly classification relation and component relationship, it is also possible to be other relations.What they were formed is an and/or tree.This tree looks like tree, substantially schemes.Additionally, there is contact in any two node also allowed on tree, say, that a node can be related with the node in another branch, thus forming a knowledge network.This knowledge main frame tree just constitutes the catalogue of paper book, and it can not only reflect the trunk thought of paper book, can also pass through simultaneously connecting relation on main frame tree deeper into, reflect the internal relations of paper book knowledge comprehensively.
The content to paper book is finally provided to carry out the function such as normal retrieval and knowledge point retrieval.
In discussion below, in order to consistent with conventional book, claiming knowledge main frame tree is catalogue, and node thereon is entry, and what it represented is knowledge point.Knowledge point and title thereof are unique in paper book, but the entry of same names is not unique, namely can there is the entry of same names in catalogue, and they all point to same knowledge point.Described method comprises the steps:
1) Knowledge Objects is built
Domain knowledge involved by paper book is resolved into a series of knowledge point being absent from Name Conflict；
For each knowledge point, being used that letter symbol (can include graphical symbol, mathematical symbol etc.) some sections independent makes a distinction, namely each knowledge point is used that a knowledge point title and its corresponding assemble of symbol represent.Knowledge point only comprises the description of current layer, a sub-knowledge point then row entry and do not show content.
2) paper book catalogue is built
All of Knowledge Objects is adopted Depth Priority Searching to organize formation knowledge main frame tree according to cause effect relation by the theme according to paper book, and shows by bibliographic structure display packing；
Its key step is as follows:
(2.1) the use mark of all of knowledge point is set to " use ", total for paper book title and total knowledge point are set to current entries, directory tree records current entries, and the use arranging the knowledge point of current entries and correspondence is masked as " use "；
(2.2) find and all of sub-knowledge point of current entries and the current knowledge point entry as current entries, and they are arranged according to certain order；
(2.3) all sub-entry to current entries, according to selected every the sub-entry that put in order set, is recorded on directory tree；
(2.4) if the use of this knowledge point is masked as " use ", then it is set using in this sub-entry and is masked as " quoting ", otherwise used mark to be set to " use "；
(2.5) if the use of this sub-entry knowledge point of there is sub-entry and its correspondence is masked as " use ", the knowledge point use then arranging correspondence is masked as " use " and repeats (2.2)-(2.5), until the A to Z of point is all used, finally obtain a directory tree.
3) paper book text is built
According to 2) obtained directory tree, from the beginning of catalogue, the knowledge point of corresponding entry is described in the content of the paper book text being written to order pagination, what also record each knowledge point in the body of the email starts the symbol of relation between the page number and some expression directory tree relevant entrys simultaneously, and its step is as follows:
(3.1) from directory tree, obtain an entry, it is set to current entries, find the knowledge point of correspondence.
(3.2) if the use mark of current entries is " use ", then the description of current knowledge point is added in the afterbody of the current text page of paper book, and this starting position, knowledge point is recorded at the page number place of current entries, if the use mark of current entries is " quoting ", then find the starting position page number of corresponding knowledge point, and this page number is write the page number place of current directory, and add " * " before the page number quoted and distinguished.
(3.3) in beginning one page of current knowledge point, if the previous entry of current entries is father node, then its beginning or left margin place mark this entry with on the filiation symbol " ┕ " of an entry, the relation represented between previous entry and current entries not marked is brotgher of node relation.
(3.4) in the text each page at current knowledge point place, if this knowledge point is in the forefront of current page, then the first page number of this knowledge point is marked at the header place of current page.
(3.5) in the last page of current knowledge point, if current entries is leaf node, then marking this knowledge point terminal " ■ " in its ending place or the right blank space, what do not mark is branch node, represents that part below is the child node of current knowledge point.
4) search method of knowledge point and other guide is built
Its step is as follows:
(4.1) all of knowledge point title and the page number thereof are listed according to certain order order after paper book.
(4.2) by other key words and the page number thereof in all paper book, for instance all of concept term and the page number thereof, list according to certain order order after paper book.
The present invention brings and provides the benefit that, proposed method can make the paper book level of writing apparent, use more convenient, advantageously in the internal relation set up between paper book external knowledge, thus being conducive to helping author to arrange exactly and representing knowledge and the thought of required expression, enable reader by the reading of bibliographic structure and text and backtracking are easier to, profoundly understand knowledge content and the complex relationship of paper book, reader can also be made still to retain the enjoyment of tradition of reading paper book and various sensation simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the blocks of knowledge structure chart in POAD；
Fig. 2 is the cause and effect tree graph in POAD；
Fig. 3 is the bibliographic structure figure of paper book；
Fig. 4 is the body structure figure of paper book；
Fig. 5 is that paper book catalogue builds flow chart；
Fig. 6 is that paper book text builds flow chart.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.As long as just can be mutually combined additionally, technical characteristic involved in each embodiment of invention described below does not constitute conflict each other.
In the present invention it is assumed that the structure task of paper book is exactly when existing know-how and related data, these knowledge organizations are become a paper book that can express certain knowledge network relation for readers ' reading.
In discussion below, knowledge point is the structure unit of paper book, and catalogue is the knowledge organization structure of paper book, the i.e. mapping of the knowledge main frame tree of this book, each entry in catalogue is corresponding to the node on knowledge main frame tree, also correspond to a knowledge point in paper book text, and an entry at least corresponding catalogue in each knowledge point in text.Described method comprises the steps:
1) Knowledge Objects is built
Domain knowledge involved by paper book is resolved into a series of knowledge point being absent from Name Conflict；
For each knowledge point, being used that letter symbol (can include graphical symbol, mathematical symbol etc.) some sections independent makes a distinction, namely each knowledge point is used that a knowledge point title and its corresponding assemble of symbol represent.Knowledge point only comprises the description of current layer, a sub-knowledge point then row entry and do not show content.
The most element task building paper book is that this paper book knowledge to be expressed and thought are arranged, and they resolve into a series of Knowledge Objects being absent from Name Conflict.The setting of the knowledge particles size of knowledge point is extremely important.Obviously, paper book is impossible to make very complete knowledge system, namely the knowledge particles of its involved knowledge point can not be careful about being all not subdivisible, this is because on the one hand this is very difficult to accomplish, even if on the other hand all of knowledge point can be divided into not subdivisible knowledge particles, paper book also has no idea to be recorded, because knowledge point quantity will be extremely huge.Even it is true that author, also differing and all recognize clear to the A to Z of involved by this book surely, therefore, any paper book all exists certain blurred portions.In general, the setting of knowledge point should follow following principle: can reflect the main flow knowledge in this field；Can solve the problem that relevant problem；General knowledge for this skilled reader can be simple；Use habit meeting reader etc..
Hierarchical relationship it must is fulfilled between Knowledge Objects.Relation between Knowledge Objects is complicated, but we can pass through POAD method and be carried out stratification according to certain theme, and by all of knowledge point, all cause effect relation according to broad sense sets up filiation, thus can form knowledge main frame tree.This knowledge main frame tree be actually with or figure, such that it is able to the relation represented between more complicated knowledge point.All of filiation can being simply divided into two classes, a class is classification relation, and a class is component relationship.If classification relation, then the relation between each child node is or relation, if component relationship, between each child node is and relation then.
By with or figure, it is possible to the multiple knowledge points in field are linked together naturally, but if each knowledge point is launched, then will appear from repeating parts much more very.In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to allowing two knowledge points being absent from filiation can also set up dependency relation, namely the node on multiple knowledge main frame tree can quote same knowledge point, and such knowledge main frame tree is practically speaking knowledge trunk figure.
Therefore, knowledge point in paper book can represent by the title of knowledge point and descriptor, by in the text being inserted into paper book in step below, and knowledge main frame tree is corresponding to the catalogue in paper book, each node is corresponding to the entry in catalogue, wherein it is possible to allow multiple entry identical.
2) paper book catalogue is built
All of Knowledge Objects is adopted Depth Priority Searching to organize formation knowledge main frame tree according to cause effect relation by the theme according to paper book, and the process shown by bibliographic structure display packing is called the building process of paper book catalogue.
Any kind of books, its core is catalogue, and what it substantially showed is the knowledge hierarchy of whole book.In general paper book, although its catalogue also builds according to certain rule, such as classification relation, component relationship, but in order to reduce TOC level, eliminate redundancy, easy-to-read, give top priority to what is the most important etc., the catalogue of actually a lot of paper book is all build by hybrid mode, some logical miss situations even also occurs.Its major function of this catalogue is not that knowledge is organized, and is easy for content in book is inquired about and applied, and knowledge point and mutual relation thereof need reader oneself to build.
Traditionally on paper book has the drawback that owing to books are that two-dimensional medium causes.Obviously, if adopting e-book, then can passing through the linking relationship set up between knowledge point and realize the association between each knowledge point, such that it is able to the relation pre-build in e-books between knowledge point, this is very important for study and the application of knowledge.Although paper book does not possess the inborn advantage of e-book, but by paper book carries out the mark of some information, can also make it have certain knowledge connection equally.
The present invention for setting up the method for the incidence relation between knowledge point is: set up catalogue and the method marking place, the knowledge point page number on catalogue entry.When setting up catalogue, each knowledge point has to comply with step 1) regulation done, namely they must are fulfilled for the filiation of regulation, simultaneously, in order to make to help reader to use paper book, catalogue must arrange according to the order of depth-first, so when reader consults a knowledge point, this knowledge point one fixes on the previous section in current knowledge point text, say, that must be a knowledge point learnt.
In the present invention, the filiation in catalogue only has two kinds: classification relation and component relationship, and namely catalogue is one and or figure.Because both relations be very easy to distinguish, so not making special mark in catalogue, namely with or relation need reader read time oneself determine.
The key step building paper book catalogue is as follows:
(2.1) the use mark of all of knowledge point is set to " use ", total for paper book title and total knowledge point are set to current entries, directory tree records current entries, and the use arranging the knowledge point of current entries and correspondence is masked as " use "；
(2.2) find and all of sub-knowledge point of current entries and the current knowledge point entry as current entries, and they are arranged according to certain order；
(2.3) all sub-entry to current entries, according to selected every the sub-entry that put in order set, is recorded on directory tree；
(2.4) if the use of this knowledge point is masked as " use ", then it is set using in this sub-entry and is masked as " quoting ", otherwise used mark to be set to " use "；
(2.5) if the use of this sub-entry knowledge point of there is sub-entry and its correspondence is masked as " use ", the knowledge point use then arranging correspondence is masked as " use " and repeats (2.2)-(2.5), until the A to Z of point is all used, finally obtain a directory tree.
3) paper book text is built
Step 2) obtained directory tree have recorded hierarchical relationship between knowledge point, but but without recording concrete knowledge point contents.Namely the text of paper book is for recording all of knowledge point contents information.The making of paper book text needs to meet following requirement:
A) content of complete documentation knowledge point
The content of knowledge point includes the sub-knowledge point of composition of the title of knowledge point or entry, the description of knowledge point and knowledge point, namely in text, the complete documentation of any one knowledge point all must include the entry of this knowledge point, the description of this knowledge point and the sub-entry of this knowledge point and description thereof, wherein the entry of this knowledge point is requisite, and the complete documentation of any one knowledge point all only occurs once, other can only be all quote.
B) starting position of current knowledge point is stored in entry corresponding in catalogue
Each knowledge point is only place description in the body of the email, so its starting position only one of which.But using or quoting the entry in the catalogue of this knowledge point is likely to have multiple, so needing to ensure the starting position that these entries all point to same knowledge point.But being integrated with tropism owing to catalogue must provide to reader, so needing to mark quoting entry place, both having distinguished whether entry is use this knowledge point for the first time, what do not affect again catalogue is integrated with tropism.Entry of quoting in one knowledge point belongs to the part that this knowledge point describes, it is impossible to be separately formed a knowledge point.It is equal to the common description word in knowledge point, simply can add starting position, the knowledge point page of correspondence in these entries.
C) starting position of first knowledge point of current page is indicated
Current page would be likely to occur multiple knowledge point, but it is in addition in the page outside first knowledge point, the starting position of other knowledge points is all at this page, so unnecessary special mark, and first knowledge point is likely in above text page, being likely in current page text page (now the first row of text is exactly the starting position of this knowledge point), at this moment need to be labeled at header place, help reader inquiry.
D) relation between present node and a upper node is distinguished
Would be likely to occur three class relations between each entry and present node and a upper node in current text page, a class is filiation, and a class is brotherhood, and another kind of is exactly whole text page start relationships, and namely current entries is the beginning entry of whole paper book.Obviously, start entry be need not special care, so only differentiating between filiation and brotherhood, because it is useful for being understood that of the content between knowledge point and relation to distinguish this two classes relation.
E) relation between present node and next node is distinguished
In current text page, ending place of each knowledge point can mean that the end of current knowledge point, also likely to be present three class relations between entry and present node and the next node of its correspondence, one class is filiation, one class is brotherhood, another kind of is exactly the A to Z of point termination relation, not any further knowledge point contents after namely.Therefore present node can be divided into leaf node and branch node two class.It is also useful for distinguishing this two classes relation for the understanding of the content between knowledge point and relation.
The step building paper book text is as follows:
(3.1) from directory tree, obtain an entry, it is set to current entries, find the knowledge point of correspondence.
(3.2) if the use mark of current entries is " use ", then the description of current knowledge point is added in the afterbody of the current text page of paper book, and this starting position, knowledge point is recorded at the page number place of current entries, if the use mark of current entries is " quoting ", then find the starting position page number of corresponding knowledge point, and this page number is write the page number place of current directory, and add " * " before the page number quoted and distinguished.
(3.3) in beginning one page of current knowledge point, if the previous entry of current entries is father node, then its beginning or left margin place mark this entry with on the filiation symbol " ┕ " of an entry, the relation represented between previous entry and current entries not marked is brotgher of node relation.
(3.4) in the text each page at current knowledge point place, if this knowledge point is in the forefront of current page, then the first page number of this knowledge point is marked at the header place of current page.
(3.5) in the last page of current knowledge point, if current entries is leaf node, then marking this knowledge point terminal " ■ " in its ending place or the right blank space, what do not mark is branch node, represents that part below is the child node of current knowledge point.
4) knowledge point and the index of other guide retrieval are built
Under many circumstances, carry out retrieving according to knowledge point title or key word etc. there is higher practical value, so the retrieval of routine is significant.The step indexed is as follows:
(4.1) all of knowledge point title and the page number thereof are listed according to certain order order after paper book.
(4.2) by other key words and the page number thereof in all paper book, for instance all of concept term and the page number thereof, list according to certain order order after paper book.
Below for the building process of paper book, what paper book construction method of the present invention was described realizes process.The present invention adopts computer system Office software as realization rate, using the accompanying drawing shown in Fig. 3～Fig. 6 as object is described, illustrates as follows according to the flow process of disclosed paper book construction method and implementation:
Step 1: build Knowledge Objects
Domain knowledge involved by paper book is resolved into a series of knowledge point being absent from Name Conflict.For each knowledge point, being used that a Word file storage, wherein the filename of this document is called the roll by knowledge and is named, and the content of file is made a distinction by letter symbol (can include graphical symbol, mathematical symbol etc.) some sections independent.If comprising sub-knowledge point inside this knowledge point, then can adding the clause name of sub-knowledge point in this document, sub-entry contents is accepted or rejected as required when building paper book text.
Step 2: build paper book catalogue
Produce a file, for recording the catalogue of current paper book.Using the title of the current paper book root node as this catalogue, but do not write in catalogue.Then from root node, according to depth-first principle, all of knowledge point is scanned for, construct whole catalogue entry.Its key step is as shown in Figure 5:
Step 501: start.
Step 502: arranging beginning entry is current entries.Setting up a knowledge point and process log file, title is set to: Knowledge.xls.This document has 3 row, is respectively as follows: knowledge point title, uses mark, starts the page number.The title of each knowledge point being inserted, using traffic sign placement is " use ".Set up catalogue file a: mulu.doc, the catalogue of record paper book.As it is shown on figure 3, every a line log shows an entry in file mulu.doc, each entry includes two parts, and a part is clause name, and another part is the page number.Each entry is set as the form of correspondence according to residing level, as one-level entry is set to one-level header format etc..
Step 502 is just for root node, and need not current entry be write in catalogue.
Step 503: find all sub-entry of current entries, be sequentially recorded and be called in the text of mulu.tmp at another.
Step 504: check in file mulu.tmp whether there is untapped entry, if it is present enter step 505, otherwise enters step 511.
Step 505: take out an entry from mulu.tmp and be set to current entries, and write in catalogue file mulu.doc, then this entry is deleted from mulu.tmp.
Step 506: find the record of the knowledge point of correspondence according to clause name at file Knowledge.xls.
Step 507: if the use of this knowledge point is masked as " use ", then enter step 512, otherwise enters step 508.
Step 508: the page number place of current entries writes mark " use " in mulu.doc file.
Step 509: if current entries has sub-entry, then enter step 510, otherwise enters step 504.
Step 510: recursive call active procedure, namely enters step 503.
Step 511: exit.If active procedure is by the process of recursive call, then return to the process calling this step.
Step 512: the page number place of current entries writes mark " quoting " in mulu.doc file.
Finally obtain the catalogue shown in Fig. 3.
Step 3: build paper book text
Build the step of paper book text as shown in Figure 6:
Step 601: start.Set up the file of a recorded text: content.doc.Page setup in content.doc is 5 districts, and as shown in Figure 4,401 is header district, 402 is text area, and 403 is leaf node logo area, the right, and 405 is text page number district, 406 is filiation logo area, the left side, and wherein 404 is the logo area of beginning, the knowledge point page number quoting entry in text area.Open mulu.doc file, be positioned at beginning.
Step 602: find next entry, find the record of the knowledge point of correspondence at file Knowledge.xls.
Step 603: the mark at the page number place of current entries in mulu.doc file is taken out.
Step 604: if this is masked as " use ", enters step 619, otherwise enters step 605.
Step 605: obtain the beginning page number data of corresponding knowledge point in file Knowledge.xls.
Step 606: add symbol " * " before these page number data, and cover the flag data at current entries page number place in mulu.doc file.
Step 607: the title of current entries and the page number thereof are added to after file content.doc.
Step 608: if current entries is the child node of above entry, then enter step 609, otherwise enters step 610.
Step 609: in the filiation logo area, left side label symbol " ┕ " of file content.doc.
Step 610: the knowledge point title of content.doc file current page forefront and the beginning page number are labeled on header.
Step 611: enter lower one page of content.doc file.
Step 612: terminate.
Step 613: check also have the entry not processed in mulu.doc file, if it has, then enter step 602, otherwise enters step 612.
Step 614: in the leaf node logo area, the right label symbol " ■ " of file content.doc.
Step 615: check whether current entries is leaf node or reference node, if it is, enter step 614, otherwise, enters step 613.
Step 616: check whether the last page arriving content.doc file, if arrived, then entering step 615, otherwise entering step 611.
Step 617: arrive the beginning page place of current knowledge point in content.doc file.
Step 618: by the flag data at current entries page number place in the starting position page number data cover mulu.doc file of current knowledge point.
Step 619: the data in current knowledge dot file are copied to the afterbody of content.doc file, and by the page number record of this starting position, knowledge point in the page number data item of Knowledge.xls.
Step 4: build knowledge point and the index of other guide retrieval
(4.1) all of knowledge point data in Knowledge.xls file are arranged according to title increasing, the knowledge point title in the result of sequence and page number data thereof are copied to the afterbody of content.doc file.
(4.2) by key word all of in paper book and the page number thereof, it is entered in Excel file and is ranked up, then ranking results is copied to the afterbody of content.doc file.
The last catalogue listing obtaining paper book in mulu.doc, and in content.doc, obtain text and the index of paper book.
Originally it is embodied as step and is suitable for general paper book structure.For those of ordinary skill in the art, method involved in the present invention can realize in general computer system, it is also possible to manual layout realizes, for example, it is possible to use the softwares such as Office are realized.
Those skilled in the art will readily understand; the foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendment, equivalent replacement and improvement etc. made within the spirit and principles in the present invention, should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the paper book construction method of a stratification explicit knowledge network, it is characterised in that described method comprises the steps:
(1) Knowledge Objects is built: the domain knowledge involved by paper book is resolved into a series of knowledge point being absent from Name Conflict；
(2) paper book catalogue is built: adopt Depth Priority Searching to organize formation knowledge main frame tree according to cause effect relation all of Knowledge Objects according to the theme of paper book, and show by bibliographic structure display packing；
(3) according to the directory tree that step (2) is obtained, from the beginning of catalogue, being described the knowledge point of correspondence entry in the content of the paper book text being written to order pagination, what also record each knowledge point in the body of the email starts the symbol of relation between the page number and some expression directory tree relevant entrys simultaneously；
(4) search method of knowledge point and other guide is built.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that described step (1) particularly as follows:
For each knowledge point, it is used that letter symbol some sections independent makes a distinction, namely each knowledge point is used that a knowledge point title and its corresponding assemble of symbol represent, described letter symbol includes graphical symbol and mathematical symbol, described knowledge point only comprises the description of current layer, a sub-knowledge point then row entry and do not show content.
3. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described step (2) particularly as follows:
(2.1) the use mark of all of knowledge point is set to " use ", total for paper book title and total knowledge point are set to current entries, directory tree records current entries, and the use arranging the knowledge point of current entries and correspondence is masked as " use "；
(2.2) find and all of sub-knowledge point of current entries and the current knowledge point entry as current entries, and they are arranged according to certain order；
(2.3) all sub-entry to current entries, according to selected every the sub-entry that put in order set, is recorded on directory tree；
(2.4) if the use of this knowledge point is masked as " use ", then it is set using in this sub-entry and is masked as " quoting ", otherwise used mark to be set to " use "；
(2.5) if the use of this sub-entry knowledge point of there is sub-entry and its correspondence is masked as " use ", the knowledge point use then arranging correspondence is masked as " use ", and repeat (2.2)-(2.5), until the A to Z of point is all used, finally obtain a directory tree.
4. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described step (3) particularly as follows:
(3.1) from directory tree, obtain an entry, it is set to current entries, find the knowledge point of correspondence.
(3.2) if the use mark of current entries is " use ", then the description of current knowledge point is added in the afterbody of the current text page of paper book, and this starting position, knowledge point is recorded at the page number place of current entries, if the use mark of current entries is " quoting ", then find the starting position page number of corresponding knowledge point, and this page number is write the page number place of current directory, and add " * " before the page number quoted and distinguished；
(3.3) in beginning one page of current knowledge point, if the previous entry of current entries is father node, then its beginning or left margin place mark this entry with on the filiation symbol " ┕ " of an entry, the relation represented between previous entry and current entries not marked is brotgher of node relation.
(3.4) in the text each page at current knowledge point place, if this knowledge point is in the forefront of current page, then the first page number of this knowledge point is marked at the header place of current page；
(3.5) in the last page of current knowledge point, if current entries is leaf node, then marking this knowledge point terminal " ■ " in its ending place or the right blank space, what do not mark is branch node, represents that part below is the child node of current knowledge point.
5. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described step (4) particularly as follows:
(4.1) all of knowledge point title and the page number thereof are listed according to certain order order after paper book；
(4.2) other key words in all paper book and the page number thereof are listed according to certain order order after paper book.
6. method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that described step (4) particularly as follows:
Other key words described refer to the concept term in paper book.
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