CN105717493A - Passive radar radiation source polarization identification and direction-finding system based on synthesis polarization method - Google Patents
Passive radar radiation source polarization identification and direction-finding system based on synthesis polarization method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/36—Means for anti-jamming, e.g. ECCM, i.e. electronic counter-counter measures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/02—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
- G01S3/04—Details
- G01S3/12—Means for determining sense of direction, e.g. by combining signals from directional antenna or goniometer search coil with those from non-directional antenna
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/02—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
- G01S3/14—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of radar and communication signal recognition and direction finding, in particular to a passive radar radiation source polarization identification and direction-finding system based on a synthesis polarization method. The passive radar radiation source polarization identification and direction-finding system comprises (1) variable-polarization antennae and (2) a microwave systems, wherein N antennae are adopted to receive space radiation signals and are zigzag-arm variable-polarization antennae, each zigzag-arm variable-polarization antenna adopting simple caliber includes two orthogonally-polarized antennae and receives vertical and horizontal polarization signals simultaneously, and the microwave system conducts amplitude correction, phase correction and then synthesis on the vertical and horizontal polarization signals received by the variable-polarization antennae, conducts frequency mixing on the synthesized polarization signals, then outputs broadband and narrowband signals and is used for subsequent processing. The passive radar radiation source polarization identification and direction-finding system adopts the synthesis polarization method based on the variable-polarization antennae, the amplitude correction and the phase correction to achieve recognition and direction finding of passive radar radiation sources.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the signal identification of radar and communications and direction finding field, be specifically related to a kind of passive radar radiation source polarization identification based on synthesis polarization method and direction-finding system.
Background technology
Electromagnetic signal for spatial transmission, except time, frequency, polarized state is also the characteristic parameter that it is important, polarized state describes electromagnetic vector motion feature, it it is electromagnetic build-in attribute, carry the important information of spatial electromagnetic signal, therefore can be further applicable in estimating with the DOA (DirectionofArrival) of frequency arriving signal simultaneously.In traditional polarization information application, it is required for greatly using H road horizontal polarization information and the V road vertical polarization information of two microwave channel transmission signals.Criterion conventional in polarization identification has: minimum output amplitude criterion identification, and cross polarization receives anti-bait etc..In minimum output amplitude criterion identification, H, V are the horizontal signal that receives of orthogonal antenna and vertical signal, by microwave phase shifter is controlled, being obtained in that in H, V, H+V (45 ° of linear polarizations), H-V (135 ° of linear polarizations), H+jV (left-hand circular polarization), H-jV (right-handed circular polarization), any one exports, first try to achieve the range value of these several outputs, then above each range value storage is carried out multilevel iudge, complete polarization identification；Cross polarization receives anti-bait, by lower-powered echo signal as interference, first tries to achieve the polarization mode of the bigger bait of power, then is the polarization mode orthogonal with bait by tested rotating platform.
In the present invention, the passive radiation source polarization identification method based on synthesis polarization is adopted to suppress Direction Finding Algorithm with polarization, basic thought be by the two-way H received, V signal through amplitude fading device, after the phase shifter additional combining reprocessing, H, V two paths of signals of no longer individually sampling carries out subsequent treatment, relative to traditional polarization information application, decrease a microwave channel.Synthesis polarization identification method utilizes and switchs sample respectively H, V signal, complete polarization identification according to amplitude and phase relation；Simultaneously according to when only having rotating vector and launch the polarization orthogonal of signal, mate minimum, thus realizing the polarization of this signal is suppressed.By this kind of method, it may be achieved to the power stable direction finding of specific source of radiation less than interference signal, thus complete multichannel simultaneously, with frequency arriving signal when specify the tracking of signal.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of effective polarizations identification and suppress Direction Finding Algorithm with polarization, complete multichannel in passive radar system simultaneously, with specifying the identification of polarized signal, the passive radar radiation source polarization identification based on synthesis polarization method of tracking and direction-finding system under frequency arriving signal.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
Based on passive radar radiation source polarization identification and the direction-finding system of synthesis polarization method, including:
(1) Variable Polarization Antenna
Adopting N road antenna to receive space radiation signal, antenna is tortuous arm Variable Polarization Antenna, and Sinuous Antenna includes the antenna of two cross polarizations in single bore, receives vertically and horizontally polarized signal simultaneously；
(2) microwave system
The vertically and horizontally polarized signal that Variable Polarization Antenna is received by microwave system synthesizes after carrying out amplitude correction, phasing, and by output broadband, arrowband two paths of signals after the polarized signal mixing after synthesis, for subsequent treatment, including:
N road polarization treatment channel
H, V two-way orthogonally polarized signal Variable Polarization Antenna received, respectively through amplitude fading device, phase shifter, forms synthesis polarized signal then through combiner after processing；
Mixing frequency conversion channel:
Process for broadband receiver through the broadband signal of mixing and filtering circuit to be bandwidth be 500MHz respectively after the synthesis of N road polarized signal, become the narrow band signal of bandwidth 20MHz simultaneously through mixing；
Signal processor:
The broadband signal of output and narrow band signal are processed through the laggard line width band signal sorting process of signal processor and narrow band signal direction finding respectively；
Broadband and signal sorting processor:
Broadband and signal sorting extension set realize the signal in 500MHz bandwidth is carried out frequency measurement, signal sorting and signal trace, are responsible for the contact with microwave components and host computer and communication and the task scheduling of whole signal processor simultaneously；
Narrowband intermediate frequency and direction finding extension set complete to gather, at Bo Mennei, the narrowband intermediate frequency signal that N road bandwidth is 20MHz, form I, Q data, and complete Space ball, when polarization identification, complete polarization and suppress.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
(1) the synthesis polarization method based on Variable Polarization Antenna, amplitude correction and phasing is adopted to realize identification and the direction finding of passive radar radiation source.H, V two-way orthogonally polarized signal Variable Polarization Antenna received, respectively after amplitude fading device, phase shifter realize amplitude, phasing, forms synthesis polarized signal then through combiner after processing.H, V two paths of signals of no longer individually sampling carries out subsequent treatment, relative to traditional polarization information application, decreases a microwave channel.
(2) polarization is adopted to suppress Direction Finding Algorithm.In general, in radar system, owing to interference signal is relative to the secondary lobe of actual signal, polarization mode is relatively stable, power is also bigger, therefore in the present invention, adopt the polarization mode identifying interference signal, afterwards Variable Polarization Antenna is adjusted to the polarised direction with the interference signal in orthogonal identified and is received.Adopt polarization Restrainable algorithms, carry out direction finding after can successfully identifying echo signal polarization mode on the one hand and mating, on the other hand, it is also possible to largely suppress interference signal, improve direction finding precision.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is based on the passive radar radiation source polarization identification and the direction-finding system figure that synthesize polarization；
Fig. 2 Variable Polarization Antenna figure；
Fig. 3 synthesizes polarization and suppresses microwave channel figure；
Fig. 4 is based on the direction finding flow chart of synthesis polarization and polarization suppressing method.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described further.
The present invention is through Variable Polarization Antenna reception level and vertical polarization signal specifically, synthesize after amplitude correction, phasing, complete the identification of radar signal polarization mode, and realize the polarization of this signal is suppressed, it is finally completed signal direction-finding, thus to the direction finding after specifying polarized signal to suppress and tracking while of realization, under common-frequency multi-signal reaching condition.
The present invention is applied to the systems such as passive radar signal resolution, identification, it is therefore intended that the object of the present invention is achieved like this to provide one:
1, based on the passive radar radiation source polarization identification of synthesis polarization method and direction-finding system
Passive radar radiation source polarization identification based on synthesis polarization forms as shown in Figure 1 with direction-finding system.
1.1. Variable Polarization Antenna
System adopts N road antenna to receive space radiation signal, and antenna is tortuous arm Variable Polarization Antenna, and Sinuous Antenna has plane, broadband, complete polarization and single aperture feature.Sinuous Antenna includes the antenna of two cross polarizations in single bore, and the antenna of this cross polarization has extremely wide frequency band, can receive vertically and horizontally polarized signal simultaneously.Variable Polarization Antenna is as shown in Figure 2.
1.2. microwave system
The vertically and horizontally polarized signal that Variable Polarization Antenna is received by microwave system synthesizes after carrying out amplitude correction, phasing, and by output broadband, arrowband two paths of signals after the polarized signal mixing after synthesis, for subsequent treatment.
Synthesis polarization microwave channel is as it is shown on figure 3, microwave system mainly has two parts to constitute:
1. N road polarization treatment channel
H, V two-way orthogonally polarized signal Variable Polarization Antenna received, respectively through amplitude fading device, phase shifter, forms synthesis polarized signal then through combiner after processing, this circuit design can realize polarization and suppress.
2. frequency conversion channel it is mixed
Become, through mixing and filtering circuit, the broadband signal that bandwidth is 500MHz respectively after the polarized signal synthesis of N road to process for broadband receiver, become the narrow band signal of bandwidth 20MHz simultaneously through mixing, process for direction finding.500MHz design in broadband is used for improving signal interception rate.20MHz arrowband designs, for improving signal to noise ratio and the sensitivity of direction-finding channels of space.
1.3. signal processor
The broadband signal of output and narrow band signal are processed through the laggard line width band signal sorting process of signal processor and narrow band signal direction finding respectively.
1. broadband and signal sorting processor
Broadband and signal sorting extension set mainly realize the signal in 500MHz bandwidth is carried out frequency measurement, signal sorting and signal trace, are responsible for the contact with microwave components and host computer and communication and the task scheduling of whole signal processor simultaneously.
2. arrowband and direction finding processor
Narrowband intermediate frequency and direction finding extension set mainly complete to gather, at Bo Mennei, the narrowband intermediate frequency signal that N road bandwidth is 20MHz, form I (In-phase homophase), Q (Quadrature is orthogonal) data, and complete Space ball.Simultaneously when polarization identification, complete polarization Restrainable algorithms.
1.4. upper-computer processing software
For controlling microwave front-end and signal processor, and show the information such as angle measurement, angular resolution, signal sorting and recognition result.
2, based on the passive radar radiation source polarization identification of synthesis polarization and direction-finding method
2.1. polarization correction method
Due to the amplitude phase unbalance of H, V microwave receiving passage, first system needs signal Variable Polarization Antenna received to carry out amplitude standardization and phase calibration.The present invention gives H, V two-way of 45 ° of linear polarized antennas of establishing criteria by amplitude fading device and the bearing calibration of phase shifter.Namely use attenuator to carry out amplitude correction, then adopt the method for step by step modulating phase shifter search extreme value to obtain the phase value that need to correct and realize phasing.
2.2. polarization identification and suppressing method
Signal, after polarization treatment channel is calibrated, adopts the recognition methods describing son based on polarization phases, and the polarization mode identifying signal is linear polarization or circular polarisation.Owing to interference signal is relative to the secondary lobe of actual signal, its polarization is relatively stable, and power is bigger, therefore, project adopts after interference signal is carried out polarization identification, Variable Polarization Antenna is adjusted to and is received with the direction disturbing signal in orthogonal, in order to suppress interference signal.
2.3. direction-finding method
For verifying the point of the present invention feasibility in passive radar signal recognition and tracking system, the signal that Variable Polarization Antenna is received through polarity combination microwave channel, be mixed down narrow band signal after carry out direction finding, the present invention adopts the signal direction-finding completing seven array elements based on the multi-signal sorting algorithm of MUSIC (MultipleSignalClassification).
1, based on the realization of the passive radar radiation source polarization identification of synthesis polarization with direction-finding system
Passive radar radiation source polarization identification based on synthesis polarization forms as shown in Figure 1 with direction-finding system.
(1) adopting tortuous arm Variable Polarization Antenna to receive signal, Variable Polarization Antenna includes the antenna of two cross polarizations in single bore, can receive level, vertical two-way polarized signal simultaneously.Variable Polarization Antenna is as shown in Figure 2.
(2) H, V two-way orthogonally polarized signal Variable Polarization Antenna received, respectively through amplitude fading device, phase shifter, forms synthesis polarized signal then through combiner after processing.
(3) become, through mixing and filtering circuit, the broadband signal that bandwidth is 500MHz respectively after the synthesis of N road polarized signal to process for broadband receiver, become the narrow band signal of bandwidth 20MHz simultaneously through mixing, process for direction finding；500MHz design in broadband is used for improving signal interception rate.20MHz arrowband designs, for improving signal to noise ratio and the sensitivity of direction-finding channels of space.
(4) signal being mixed in the 500MHz bandwidth obtained enters broadband and carries out frequency measurement, signal sorting and signal trace with signal sorting extension set, is responsible for the contact with microwave components and host computer and communication and the task scheduling of whole signal processor simultaneously.
(5) narrowband intermediate frequency and direction finding extension set mainly complete to gather, at Bo Mennei, the narrowband intermediate frequency signal that N road bandwidth is 20MHz, form I, Q data, and complete Space ball.Simultaneously when polarization identification, complete polarization Restrainable algorithms.
(6) information such as angle measurement, angular resolution, signal sorting and recognition result are shown by upper computer software.
2, based on the realization of the passive radar radiation source polarization identification of synthesis polarization with direction-finding method
2.1 synthesis polarization methods
Synthesis polarization microwave channel is as it is shown on figure 3, suppress passage for synthesis polarization in square frame.Each road Variable Polarization Antenna forms two-way H, V POLARIZATION CHANNEL, first power is made to become the linear interval of an instantaneous dynamic range through bifurcation attenuator, entering back into synthesis polarization suppresses passage to be respectively processed, and forms polarity combination signal, enter back into microwave channel and be mixed after combiner.Amplitude fading device in Fig. 3, number of significant digit 5bit, step-length is 0.5dB.Phase shifter number of significant digit 6bit, step-length is 5.625.SPST is that switch put by hilted broadsword list.
2.2 polarization suppress direction-finding method
Idiographic flow is as shown in Figure 4.
(1) amplitude and method for correcting phase
Invention adopts the amplitude and phase correction method based on maximum value search, uses 45 ° of inclined polarization standard continuous wave emission sources, makes two-way amplitude balance by adjusting two-way amplitude fading device, foundation then(x=ω t+ φ, φ is signal first phase here, and ω is signal frequency), adjusts the phase shifter, searches H+V net amplitude maximum.Now phase shift angle beta corrects angle as it.
Implement step as follows:
A, polarization amplitude are demarcated
1. in experiment, adopt calibrated radiation source, adopt 45 ° of linear polarizations to launch signal；
2. the 0dB that decay at different levels of receiver synthesis polarization microwave channel, the phase shifter is set to 0 °；
3. respectively the reception of receiver is switched H and V to receive, utilize the narrow-band receiver of system to gather two-way amplitude information, record the amplitude of each passage；
4. with amplitude less in H or V road for benchmark, the pad value on H and V road is calculated；
If H road amplitude is aH, V road amplitude is aV, then H and V road amplitude attenuation value k should be:
5. 4. walk, by the, the pad value obtained, the decay of each road is set so that horizontal and vertical amplitude approximately equal after decay on each road.
Complete amplitude standardization.
B, each road phase calibration
Also each passage being carried out phase calibration on the basis complete amplitude standardization, phase calibration step is as follows:
1. transmitting terminal adopts 45 ° of inclined polarizations to launch；
2. each road of receiver synthesis polarization microwave channel decays to amplitude correction value, and the phase shifter is set to 0 °；
3. step by step modulating phase shifter search extreme value, obtains corrected value；
If: H road receives signal and is:
H=sinx (2)
The non-correction signal that V road receives is:
V=sin (x+ alpha+beta) (3)
Wherein, α is for launching signal phase, if launching signal is 45 ° of inclined polarization signals of standard, α is regarded as 0, β to start to after the composite signal of H, V road for receiving signal from reception antenna, the phase place of the need correction formed between.Therefore:
According to this formula, namely can try to achieve the value of phase shifter on corresponding V road according to amplitude peak criterion needs the β value of correction.
Complete phasing.
(2) polarization identification of son is described based on polarization phases
Synthesis polarization identification Method And Principle is in that to utilize composite signal vector in the projected length of different directions to carry out polarization identification, and when only rotating vector is orthogonal with launching polarizations, polarization matching result is just minimum.After the amplitude of carrying out, phasing, describe the polarization identification of son based on polarization phases, implement step as follows:
1. emission source is arranged respectively to linear polarization, circular polarisation is launched；
2. be respectively provided with decay and the phase shift corrected value of H, V two-way, and in N road optional i road, ask for H, V road amplitude, try to achieve(γiFor phase place, son is described)；For improving accuracy, the N road average γ of angle can be adopted as identifying angle, it may be assumed that
3. judge that polarizing angle is first or fourth quadrant according to H+V and H-V value again, take maximum.For circular polarisation, can judge according to H+jV and H-jV；
AsThen judge that it is 60 ° or 150 ° of linear polarizations again through the size of H+V, H-V.
(3) polarization suppresses
According to above step, first try to achieve the polarization mode of interference signal, then be orthogonal to that polarization mode by tested rotating platform.After carrying out polarization identification, the direction of Variable Polarization Antenna modulation with interference signal in orthogonal is received, in order to receive actual signal and suppress interference signal.
3, experimental result
In the theoretical basis of synthesis polarization identification and polarization Restrainable algorithms, we carry out the related experiment of direction finding, and experimental provision is 7 aerial arrays in radius 200mm distribution.The result obtained is as follows:
(1) under 4G frequency, 7 paths utilize the polarization identification that polarity combination method carries out 75 °, and recognition result is as follows:
| Reception antenna channel position | Antenna polarization angles is 75 degree |
| 1 | 73.9932 |
| 2 | 74.4782 |
| 3 | 74.8353 |
| 4 | 73.8155 |
| 5 | 74.1276 |
| 6 | 71.9132 |
| 7 | 68.0013 |
| Recognition result | 73.0234 |
(2) utilizing dual signal cross polarization Restrainable algorithms to carry out direction finding under 4G frequency, direction finding result is as follows:
Result above can be seen that synthesis polarization identification way can realize polarization identification substantially, and when adopting polarization Restrainable algorithms to carry out direction finding, angle measurement accuracy is within 1 °.
Claims (1)
1. the passive radar radiation source polarization identification based on synthesis polarization method and direction-finding system, it is characterised in that including:
(1) Variable Polarization Antenna
Adopting N road antenna to receive space radiation signal, antenna is tortuous arm Variable Polarization Antenna, and Sinuous Antenna includes the antenna of two cross polarizations in single bore, receives vertically and horizontally polarized signal simultaneously；
(2) microwave system
The vertically and horizontally polarized signal that Variable Polarization Antenna is received by microwave system synthesizes after carrying out amplitude correction, phasing, and by output broadband, arrowband two paths of signals after the polarized signal mixing after synthesis, for subsequent treatment, including:
N road polarization treatment channel
H, V two-way orthogonally polarized signal Variable Polarization Antenna received, respectively through amplitude fading device, phase shifter, forms synthesis polarized signal then through combiner after processing；
Mixing frequency conversion channel:
Process for broadband receiver through the broadband signal of mixing and filtering circuit to be bandwidth be 500MHz respectively after the synthesis of N road polarized signal, become the narrow band signal of bandwidth 20MHz simultaneously through mixing；
Signal processor:
The broadband signal of output and narrow band signal are processed through the laggard line width band signal sorting process of signal processor and narrow band signal direction finding respectively；
Broadband and signal sorting processor:
Broadband and signal sorting extension set realize the signal in 500MHz bandwidth is carried out frequency measurement, signal sorting and signal trace, are responsible for the contact with microwave components and host computer and communication and the task scheduling of whole signal processor simultaneously；
Narrowband intermediate frequency and direction finding extension set complete to gather, at Bo Mennei, the narrowband intermediate frequency signal that N road bandwidth is 20MHz, form I, Q data, and complete Space ball, when polarization identification, complete polarization and suppress.
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