CN105716961A - Experimental device for simulating dynamic mechanical properties of block rock mass - Google Patents
Experimental device for simulating dynamic mechanical properties of block rock mass Download PDFInfo
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- CN105716961A CN105716961A CN201610199797.1A CN201610199797A CN105716961A CN 105716961 A CN105716961 A CN 105716961A CN 201610199797 A CN201610199797 A CN 201610199797A CN 105716961 A CN105716961 A CN 105716961A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/14—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by dead weight, e.g. pendulum; generated by springs tension
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
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Abstract
The invention relates to an experimental device for simulating dynamic mechanical properties of block rock mass. The experimental device comprises a base used for bearing a model test piece, a vertical loading rack provided with a screw rod, a horizontal loading rack provided with a screw rod, two impact loading units provided with vibration exciters and a horizontal static loading unit, wherein the vertical loading rack is vertically fixed on the base; the horizontal loading rack and the horizontal static loading unit are arranged on the base on two sides of the vertical loading rack respectively; the impact loading units are longitudinally glidingly connected on the horizontal loading rack and the vertical loading rack under drive of the screw rods, so that the vibration exciters can generate disturbance on the model test piece when sliding to corresponding designated positions of the model test piece along with the impact loading units; the horizontal static loading unit comprises a steel wire allowing tensile force to be adjusted, and one end of the steel wire is detachably connected on the model test piece. The experimental device has the benefits as follows: the vibration exciters are used for simulating impact disturbance, various wave forms can be formed, the impact disturbance better accords with actual conditions by comparison with drop-hammer impact, and the scientificity of tests is guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to deep rock mass mechanical state simulation study field, particularly for the experimental provision of simulation block rock mass dynamic characteristics.
Background technology
It is known that, rock mass is actual geologic body, it is split by tomography, joint and crack etc., contacted by the obturator that intensity is relatively low between these structural planes, so rock mass is typical non-homogeneous Discontinuous transmission, can regarding the aggregation condensed mutually by the sillar of different scale as, its main characteristic is its block.
Under External Force Acting, the main deformation by sillar deformation and structural plane place filler of deformation of rock mass is formed, and the latter accounts for the major part of whole rock mass deformation.Field data shows, rock mass carries out underground engineering construction excavation or explosion time, rock mass edge surface creates the difference displacement of significant sillar, the mainly rotation of sillar and mutual sliding, this rotation and sliding having between the sillar of different brackets size to transmit, therefore form big amplitude, the wide spectrum nonlinear elasticity plasticity of slow propagation becomes " position " wave system or is called pendulum shape ripple.Simultaneously, mutually rotating between sillar makes charges between sillar destroyed thus there is the disengaging reducing or contacting each other of frictional force with sliding, thus the low friction phenomenon produced between sillar, make the fracture sliding between sillar relatively more easy, between sillar interface, the disappearance of " restraining forces (frictional force) " also can make the energy stored in original sillar be released, thus induced breakage slide type rock burst or engineering earthquake.
The research of above-mentioned rock mass deformation destructive characteristics and mechanism is clearly what traditional continuum Model cannot obtain, it is necessary to the block series structure based on rock mass is theoretical, adopts the dynamic characteristics of block rock mass under scientific method research perturbation action.
Current domestic and international many scholars have carried out related work, make some progress in theoretical research and simulation test respectively.But the method for the commonly used drop impact of testing equipment at present, control accuracy is low, and operability is not strong, it is impossible to carry out simulation test quantitatively.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method deep rock mass stress state being simulated test based on the theory of similarity that can realize high-ground stress, excavation disturbance and blast disturbance simulation.
The described experimental provision for simulating block rock mass dynamic characteristics, including the base for carrying model test piece, it is respectively equipped with Vertical loading frame and the horizontal addload frame of leading screw, two Impulsive load unit being provided with vibrator and horizontal static loading unit, Vertical loading frame is fixed on base vertically, described horizontal addload frame and horizontal static loading unit are respectively arranged on the base of Vertical loading frame both sides, described Impulsive load unit is respectively correspondingly driven by a described leading screw and can slide up and down to be connected in horizontal addload frame and Vertical loading frame, make vibrator with Impulsive load unit slide into corresponding with model test piece specify position time produce to act on the disturbance of model test piece by vibrator, described horizontal static loading unit includes an adjustable steel wire of pulling force, one end of described steel wire is removably attachable to the side of model test piece, act on model test piece with making described tension level.
The design further of the described experimental provision for simulating block rock mass dynamic characteristics is in that, the other end of described steel wire by regulating the size of pulling force with pulling force regulon, described pulling force regulon includes scale pan and assembly pulley, the other end of steel wire is connected through described assembly pulley with described scale pan, by changing the counterweight weight of scale pan carrying, it is achieved the adjustment of horizontal pull size.
The design further of the described experimental provision for simulating block rock mass dynamic characteristics is in that, Vertical loading frame and horizontal addload frame are respectively equipped with fixation kit, described fixation kit includes support and adjusting bolt, one end of described the both sides being set up in upright slide rail and each support is for setting female collar, described adjusting bolt is by being transversely supported on support with the rotation of described collar, for when slide block arrives and specifies position, locking adjusting bolt is fixing impacts loading unit.
The design further of the described experimental provision for simulating block rock mass dynamic characteristics is in that, described Impulsive load unit also includes load transducer, impact head and slide block, load transducer and impact head are installed on the vibrator side relative to imitation specimen, vibrator produces shock vibration, described disturbance acts on model test piece through load transducer, impact head successively, and vibrator is connected to Vertical loading frame or the horizontal addload frame of correspondence by skid.
The design further of the described experimental provision for simulating block rock mass dynamic characteristics is in that, described Vertical loading frame and horizontal addload frame are respectively equipped with guide rail, and described slide block is connected with described slide.
The design further of the described experimental provision for simulating block rock mass dynamic characteristics is in that, described leading screw is lifted by drive unit drives, and described driver element includes motor and reduction box, and described motor is in transmission connection in leading screw by reduction box.
The design further of the described experimental provision for simulating block rock mass dynamic characteristics is in that, the horizontal direction of described base is provided with gathering sill, is arranged in gathering sill, it is simple to adapt to various sizes of model test piece described horizontal addload housing slide.
The design further of the described experimental provision for simulating block rock mass dynamic characteristics is in that, phase contrast by a control unit control signal source input, the vibrator that can regulate two Impulsive load unit acts on time point and the effect duration of test specimen, for simulating the phenomenon that under different operating mode, block rock mass is hit, realize asynchronous working or synchronous working, namely realize individually applying shock vibration, or apply heavily to add disturbance simultaneously, or the double direction impulse disturbance of different delayed time effect.
Compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage is as follows for the present invention:
(1) present invention adopts vibrator to be simulated shock vibration, it is possible to achieve multiple waveforms, for instance triangular wave, sine wave, cosine wave, compares drop impact and can only realize pulse signal, more tally with the actual situation, it is ensured that the science of test.
(2) mechanics parameter and the impact energy of the impact acting on model test piece it are accurately controlled, it is possible to launch experimental study quantitatively.
(3) stability in the large is good, easily operated, repeatable strong.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the experimental provision for simulating block rock mass dynamic characteristics of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The experimental provision for simulating block rock mass dynamic characteristics of the present invention is specific as follows:
The present embodiment for simulating the experimental provision of block rock mass dynamic characteristics, mainly by being used for carrying the base 1 of model test piece, the Vertical loading frame 3 being respectively equipped with leading screw and 4, two Impulsive load unit being provided with vibrator of horizontal addload frame and horizontal static loading unit forms.Vertical loading frame 3 is fixed on base vertically, and horizontal addload frame 4 and horizontal static loading unit are respectively arranged on the base of Vertical loading frame both sides.Impulsive load unit respectively correspondingly driven by leading screw can slide up and down to be connected to horizontal addload frame with in Vertical loading frame so that Impulsive load unit slides into the disturbance that when specifying position by vibrator produce act on model test piece corresponding with model test piece.
Horizontal static loading unit is mainly made up of with pulling force regulon an adjustable steel wire 17 of pulling force.One end of steel wire 17 is removably attachable in model test piece.The other end of steel wire regulates the size of pulling force by a pulling force regulon.Pulling force regulon is made up of scale pan and assembly pulley.Such as Fig. 1, assembly pulley is made up of movable pulley 18, pulley base 5 and fixed pulley 19.Fixed pulley 19 is arranged on pulley base 5.Steel wire 17 one end is fixed with model test piece 2, and through movable pulley 18 and fixed pulley 19, the other end connects scale pan 20, by changing counterweight weight, regulates the size of horizontal pull.
Vertical loading frame 3 and horizontal addload frame 4 are respectively equipped with fixation kit.Fixation kit is made up of support and adjusting bolt.Prop up and be set up in the both sides of upright slide rail and one end of each support for setting female collar.Adjusting bolt is horizontally supported on support by spinning with collar, and for when slide block arrives and specifies position, locking adjusting bolt is with fixing impact loading unit.
So that disturbance is accurate, act on imitation specimen 2 to low-loss, the Impulsive load unit of the present embodiment also includes load transducer, impact head and slide block.Load transducer and impact head are installed on the vibrator side relative to imitation specimen, vibrator produces shock vibration, disturbance acts on model test piece through load transducer, impact head successively, and vibrator is connected to Vertical loading frame or the horizontal addload frame of correspondence by skid.
Further, Vertical loading frame and horizontal addload frame are respectively equipped with guide rail, and slide block 11 and guide rail 7 are slidably connected.
Leading screw is lifted by drive unit drives, and driver element includes motor and reduction box, and motor 8 is in transmission connection in leading screw by reduction box 9.The leading screw 10 of the present embodiment is roller screw.
In order to make this experimental provision adapt to various sizes of model test piece, the horizontal direction of base offers gathering sill, is arranged in gathering sill so that horizontal addload frame can realize the displacement in horizontal direction horizontal addload housing slide.
The vibrator of two Impulsive load unit realizes asynchronous working or synchronous working by a control unit, realize individually applying shock vibration, or apply heavily to add disturbance simultaneously, or the double direction impulse disturbance of different delayed time effect, it is thus possible to realize multiple waveforms, such as triangular wave, sine wave, cosine wave, compare drop impact and more tally with the actual situation pulse, it is ensured that the science of test.
The experimental provision of the present embodiment can be used for following two experiment:
Experiment one: first model test piece 2 is positioned on base 1.For Vertical loading direction, connecting reduction box 9 by motor 8, drive installation is in the vibrator 14 of roller screw 10, and vibrator 14 is moved along linear slide rail 7 by slide block 11, when impact head 16 arrives and subscribes position, screw adjusting bolt 13 and fix vibrator 14 position.For horizontal addload direction, connecting reduction box 9 by motor 8, drive installation is in the vibrator 14 of roller screw 10, and vibrator 14 is moved along linear slide rail 7 by slide block 11, when impact head 16 arrives and subscribes position, screws adjusting bolt 13 and fixes vibrator position.It is then turned on vibrator 14 and produces corresponding shock vibration, be respectively acting on top and the side of model test piece 2 through load transducer 15 and impact head 16.
Experiment two: first model test piece 2 is positioned on base 1.For horizontal addload direction, fixing with model test piece 2 with steel wire 17 one end, through movable pulley 18 and fixed pulley 19, the other end connects scale pan 20, by changing counterweight weight, regulates the size of horizontal pull.For Vertical loading direction, connecting reduction box 9 by motor 8, drive installation is in the vibrator 14 of roller screw 10, and vibrator 14 is moved along linear slide rail 7 by slide block 11, when impact head 16 arrives and subscribes position, screws adjusting bolt 13 and fixes vibrator 14 position.It is then turned on vibrator 14 and produces corresponding shock vibration, act on the top of model test piece 2 through load transducer 15.
The experimental provision of the present embodiment is accurately controlled mechanics parameter and the impact energy of the impact acting on model test piece, it is possible to launch experimental study quantitatively.On the other hand, the stability in the large of this device is good, easily operated, repeatable strong.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art, can also make some improvement under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, and these improvement also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the experimental provision being used for simulating block rock mass dynamic characteristics, it is characterized in that the base included for carrying model test piece, it is respectively equipped with Vertical loading frame and the horizontal addload frame of leading screw, two Impulsive load unit being provided with vibrator and horizontal static loading unit, Vertical loading frame is fixed on base vertically, described horizontal addload frame and horizontal static loading unit are respectively arranged on the base of Vertical loading frame both sides, described Impulsive load unit is respectively correspondingly driven by a described leading screw and can slide up and down to be connected in horizontal addload frame and Vertical loading frame, make vibrator with Impulsive load unit slide into corresponding with model test piece specify position time produce to act on the disturbance of model test piece by vibrator, described horizontal static loading unit includes an adjustable steel wire of pulling force, one end of described steel wire is removably attachable to the side of model test piece, act on model test piece with making described tension level.
2. the experimental provision for simulating block rock mass dynamic characteristics according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the other end of described steel wire regulates the size of pulling force by pulling force regulon, described pulling force regulon includes scale pan and assembly pulley, the other end of steel wire is connected through described assembly pulley with described scale pan, by changing the counterweight weight of scale pan carrying, it is achieved the adjustment of horizontal pull size.
3. the experimental provision for simulating block rock mass dynamic characteristics according to claim 2, it is characterized in that Vertical loading frame and horizontal addload frame are respectively equipped with fixation kit, described fixation kit includes support and adjusting bolt, one end of described the both sides being set up in upright slide rail and each support is for setting female collar, described adjusting bolt is by being transversely supported on support with the rotation of described collar, for when slide block arrives and specifies position, locking adjusting bolt is fixing impacts loading unit.
4. the experimental provision for simulating block rock mass dynamic characteristics according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described Impulsive load unit also includes load transducer, impact head and slide block, load transducer and impact head are installed on the vibrator side relative to imitation specimen, vibrator produces shock vibration, described disturbance acts on model test piece through load transducer, impact head successively, and vibrator is connected to Vertical loading frame or the horizontal addload frame of correspondence by skid.
5. the experimental provision for simulating block rock mass dynamic characteristics according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described Vertical loading frame and horizontal addload frame are respectively equipped with guide rail, and described slide block is connected with described slide.
6. the experimental provision for simulating block rock mass dynamic characteristics according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described leading screw is lifted by drive unit drives, described driver element includes motor and reduction box, and described motor is in transmission connection in leading screw by reduction box.
7. the experimental provision for simulating block rock mass dynamic characteristics according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the horizontal direction of described base is provided with gathering sill, it is arranged in gathering sill, it is simple to adapt to various sizes of model test piece described horizontal addload housing slide.
8. the experimental provision for simulating block rock mass dynamic characteristics according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the phase contrast by a control unit control signal source input, and then the vibrator regulating two Impulsive load unit acts on time point and the effect duration of test specimen, for simulating the phenomenon that under different operating mode, block rock mass is hit, it is achieved the independent of two Impulsive load unit applies shock vibration or apply heavily to add the double direction impulse disturbance of disturbance or different delayed time effect simultaneously.
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| CN108362456A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-08-03 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of small-sized high frequency soil dynamic load experimental provision |
| CN110926977A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-03-27 | 西南交通大学 | Vertical loading device with horizontal sliding function |
| CN111649900A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-09-11 | 山西银锋科技有限公司 | Anchor rod impact resistance testing system |
| CN112730030A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-30 | 武汉联影智融医疗科技有限公司 | Loading machine, loading system and loading test method of sickbed |
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