CN105716946B - The assay method of cylindrical tack indentation prediction material single shaft constitutive relation - Google Patents
The assay method of cylindrical tack indentation prediction material single shaft constitutive relation Download PDFInfo
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- CN105716946B CN105716946B CN201610023839.6A CN201610023839A CN105716946B CN 105716946 B CN105716946 B CN 105716946B CN 201610023839 A CN201610023839 A CN 201610023839A CN 105716946 B CN105716946 B CN 105716946B
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of assay methods of cylindrical tack indentation prediction material single shaft constitutive relation, quasi-static indentation is carried out using the cylindrical straight pressure head of hard alloy to bright and clean material surface to load, elasticity indentation rigidity S, elastoplasticity load curvature C are obtained by load displacement curve simple process after obtaining continuous load p depth h curves and load exponent m, postmenstruation processing prediction material single shaft constitutive relation.The present invention overcomes existing cylindrical pressing-in technologies can only approximate estimation elasticity modulus of materials E and yield strength σy, it is difficult to the deficiencies of obtaining the Hardening Law of material can realize that material single shaft constitutive relation is predicted, be suitable for the performance test of light material, soft material etc. simple and effectively.The present invention tests the complex loadings condition such as work well and have universality, thus can also be used for creep, impact and carries out material constitutive relation and the analysis of multifactor mechanics effect.Uniaxial mechanical property acquisition especially for widely used light material in the Transportation Engineerings such as aerospace, high ferro, ship, automobile and biomedical engineering soft material etc. is of great significance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to material mechanical performance test new theory and new method, especially in-service advanced engineering structure lightweight materials
The testing field of material list axis constitutive relation.
Background technology
Simple stress-strain curve (i.e. constitutive relation) is the key link of material and mechanics opening relationships, for engineering
The safe design of component and military service play an important role.The usual way for obtaining material single shaft constitutive relation is to choose raw material
Processing carries out tension test after interception standard tensile specimen from engineering component in laboratory.With engineering structure development it is small
Type and lightweight are limited by component scale, it is difficult to obtain effectively sample expansion experiment according to traditional sampling method.So
And for the lightweight structural material that the Transportation Engineerings such as in-service aviation, high ferro, ship, automobile are widely present, it is stretched and is tried using tradition
Proved recipe method certainly will destroy its service state when intercepting sample, and have the characteristics that the cylindrical indentation test of damage in situ, micro- then
It can be with meet demand.In addition, for expensive brand-new material (such as nano-particle reinforcement material, specific function coating material
Deng) and traditional precious metal material (such as magnesium alloy, titanium alloy), it is of high cost using traditional stretching test method, easily cause compared with
Big waste of material and recycling energy consumption it is big, not environmentally the problems such as.For the above situation, still lacks at present convenient, effective and stablize
The detection technique predicted for material or structure single shaft constitutive relation of method.
Cylindrical tack indentation test is a kind of test method being usually used in the acquisition of material creep performance[3], but it is less by with
Carry out the uniaxial mechanical property of test material.In fact, cylindrical tack indentation test process can be analogous to periphery material about
The local Axial compression tests of beam.Although stress state residing for the deformable material under the load mode is unsatisfactory for simple single shaft
(compression) stress state, but its load-deflection behavior contains enough and highly effective material elastic plastic mechanical properties characterization
Information, by this have test method carry out technological innovation, it can be achieved that material single shaft constitutive relation simple and effective measurement.
Prior art
The such as 2013-2015, Hu Zhong[4 , 5]Based on micro-nano cylindrical tack indentation test, pass through continuous acquisition pressure
Enter the load p-depth h curves tested in loading procedure, it is proposed that approximate with finite element modelling based on hemi-spherical cavities model
Predictor formula.The technical solution estimates the elastic modulus E and yield strength σ of material by formula (1)y。
Wherein, A is cylindrical tack cross-sectional area, A=π D2/ 4, D are cylindrical tack diameter, and E is elasticity modulus,
σyFor yield stress, a is contact radius, c0For coefficient related with friction coefficient μ and Poisson's ratio ν, k is to need Experimental Calibration
Correction factor, k=[2/3+2ln (c/a)], PeFor elastic limit load.
In prior art, the approximate formula based on hemi-spherical cavities model and finite element modelling can only estimate springform
Measure E and yield strength σy, the Hardening Law of unpredictable material thus cannot get continuous load-deformation curve；Secondly, the party
Method also needs to unload after indentation test load, and the effective of unloading measures the precision often handled experimental facilities and sample surfaces
It is more demanding；Also, when obtaining yield strength, need to go out k appropriate using Experimental Calibration, there are the troubles of debugging；In addition,
Whether the approximate formula yield load of this method defines P/Pe=0.839 and meets to three kinds of material proximates in text, but have general
Adaptive is not understood yet.
Bibliography：
[1]Hollomon J H.Tensile deformation[J].AIME TRANS,1945,12(4):1-22.
[2]Cao Y P,Qian X Q,Lu J,et al.An energy-based method to extract
plastic properties of metal materials from conical indentation tests[J]
.Journal of materials research,2005,20(05):1194-1206.
[3] Yue Zhufeng Cylindrical indentations measuring technology and its Beijing application [M]：Science Press, 2010.
[4]Hu Z,Lynne K,Delfanian F.Characterization of materials'elasticity
and yield strength through micro-/nano-indentation testing with a cylindrical
flat-tip indenter[J]. Journal of Materials Research,2015,30(04):578-591.
[5]Hu Z,Lynne K J,Markondapatnaikuni S P,et al.Material elastic–
plastic property characterization by nanoindentation testing coupled with
computer modeling[J]. Materials Science and Engineering:A,2013,587:268-282.
Invention content
The indentation section of P-h curves, method are considered very based on equivalent energy theory the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of
Easy cylindrical tack indentation test technical solution, can the easy effective measurement for realizing material single shaft constitutive relation.
Goal of the invention is realized by the following means：The measurement of cylindrical tack indentation prediction material single shaft constitutive relation
Method carries out quasi-static indentation to bright and clean material surface using hard alloy cylinder and loads, obtains continuous load p-pressure depth h
Calibrate elasticity indentation rigidity S after curve respectively by loading-depth curve, elastoplasticity loads curvature C and load exponent m, warp
Post-processing predicts material single shaft constitutive relation；Post-processing comprises the following steps：
1) according to formula (2), cylindrical tack indentation is divided into linear elasticity section and elastoplasticity section, is returned using linear trend
P-h curve stretch sections obtain elasticity indentation rigidity S, and obtaining elastoplasticity using power law Trendline recurrence P-h curve elastoplasticity sections adds
Carry curvature C and load exponent m；
2) 1) acquired results are inputted into (3) formula
Constitutive parameter E, σ of measured material or component can be predicted outy、n.In formula：S is load p-depth h curve initial lines
The slope (i.e. elasticity indentation rigidity) of stretch section, E is the elasticity modulus of material, and v is material Poisson's ratio, v*It is characterized energy density
And meet v*=Enσy 1-n/ (1+n), n are strain hardening exponent, σyFor nominal-ultimate strength, D is that cylindrical tack section is straight
Diameter, C are load curvature, and m is load index, k1、k2、k3With k4For nondimensional solution constant；3) E, σ will 2) be obtainedy, n
As a result following Hollomon models are inputted
It can be obtained material single shaft constitutive relation.Hollomon models[1 , 2]It is considered to effectively describe a large amount of engineering solids
Simple stress-strain stress relation of material.
The method of the present invention is overcome existing cylindrical pressing-in technology and is estimated based on empirical equation and cumbersome parameter testing
Calculate elasticity modulus of materials E and yield strength σy, it is bent that the Hardening Law of unpredictable material thus cannot get continuous stress-strain
The defects of line, can realize that material single shaft constitutive relation obtains simple and effectively, and effect is ideal.Especially for aerospace, height
Widely used light material single shaft mechanical property acquisition is of great significance in the Transportation Engineerings such as iron, ship, automobile.Formula (2
) can also help carried out for loading environments such as creep, impacts material constitutive relation and correlative factor mechanics effect analysis it is (such as residual
Residue stress is analyzed).
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the experimental rig schematic diagram that the present invention uses.
The typical cylindrical loading of pressing in displacement curve figures of Fig. 2.
Fig. 3 5083-H112 aluminum alloy rounds cylindricalitys loading of pressing in-depth curve figure.
Uniaxial this structure curve prediction result figure of Fig. 4 5083-H112 aluminium alloys.
Fig. 5 cylinders are pressed into finite element analysis three-dimensional model diagram.
Fig. 6 is the parameter value table in formula (3).
Specific implementation mode
The method of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention includes two parts：Cylindrical tack indentation test, cylindrical tack indentation
Equivalent energy theory-finite element model.
(1) cylindrical tack indentation test
It is the technology of the present invention to obtain accurate and abundant load p~depth h test datas by cylindrical tack indentation test
The most important condition of scheme, in order to ensure to avoid pressure head from deforming to test result while obtaining enough material deformation informations
It influences, for general macroscopic view indentation, compression distance selects 50~100 μm.At this point, for material or body structure surface to be measured
It is polished after need to carrying out abrasive paper for metallograph polishing, quasi static indentation can be carried out after so that surface roughness Ra is less than 0.32 μm, filled
It sets as shown in Figure 1.If you need to test nanoscale or bigger sized materials, as long as material is relatively uniform, depth or load
Test may be implemented, then there is no limit for compression distance.
(2) equivalent energy theory-finite element model of cylindrical tack indentation
Fig. 2 gives typical cylindrical tack indentation test load p~depth h relationships, and has marked two load ranks
Some basic physical parameters of section.
Theory deduction and finite element numerical simulation show arbitrary geometric dimension cylindrical crimp under different compression distances
Elasticity indentation rigidity S, elastoplasticity load curvature C and load exponent m are the same as material constitutive parameter (E, σy, n) between meet such as ShiShimonoseki
System：
In formula：S is the slope (i.e. elasticity indentation rigidity) of load p-depth h curve initial linear elasticity sections, and E is material
Elasticity modulus, v are material Poisson's ratio, v*It is characterized energy density and meets v*=Enσy 1-n/ (1+n), n refers to for strain hardening
Number, σyFor nominal-ultimate strength, D is cylindrical tack diameter of section, and C is load curvature, and m is load index, k1、k2、k3With k4
For nondimensional solution constant, and parameter value range is as shown in Figure 6；
Simple stress-strain stress relation of most of light-weight metals and its alloy (such as aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy) is equal
Meet good Hollomon power laws hardening model[4], that is, meet
In formula, E is elasticity modulus, σyFor nominal yield stress, n is strain hardening exponent.
In the technical solution of the present invention, arbitrary geometric dimension hard alloy cylindrical crimp can be used to carry out material surface
Quasi-static indentation load, to obtain continuous load p-depth h curves.Pass through the linear elasticity segment data of loading-depth curve
Elasticity indentation rigidity S can be calibrated, elastoplasticity load curvature C can be obtained by the recurrence of elastoplasticity segment data power law and is added
Exponent m is carried, constitutive parameter E, σ of measured material or component can be predicted by substituting into formula (3)y, n, and then its list is determined by formula (4)
Axis constitutive relation.
Embodiment
In the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is based on equivalent energy theory deductions and simple FEM calculation several times to carry
The innovative technology theoretical system using cylindrical tack indentation prediction material single shaft constitutive relation is gone out.
Using the hard alloy cylinder tack of a diameter of 2mm to 5083-H112 aluminum alloy samples (cylindrical, high 10mm
× diameter 10mm) it carries out indentation test and seeks its uniaxial constitutive relation curve.Fig. 4 gives 5083-H112 aluminium alloys in circle
Load p-depth h the curves obtained under cylindricality indentation load.Flow chart of data processing is：First to loading of pressing in P- depth h curves
Zero translation is carried out, then elasticity is obtained by taking out the progress linear regression of initial line elasticity segment data in loading of pressing in-depth curve
It is pressed into rigidity S, you can the elastic modulus E of material is conversed by formula (3).Then, take out the elastic-plastic deformation stage data according to
Power law returns to obtain load curvature C and load exponent m, substitutes into formula (3) and acquires plastic σy, n, finally by formula (4) determine
The uniaxial constitutive relation of 5083-H112 aluminum alloy samples.Fig. 4 is the 5083-H112 aluminium alloy singles of technical solution of the present invention prediction
Comparison of the axis constitutive relation curve with this structure curve obtained by traditional tension test.
Claims (1)
1. the assay method of cylindrical tack indentation prediction material single shaft constitutive relation, using hard alloy cylinder to bright and clean material
Expect that surface carries out quasi-static indentation load, is demarcated respectively by loading-depth curve after obtaining continuous load p-pressure depth h curves
Go out elasticity indentation rigidity S, elastoplasticity loads curvature C and load exponent m, postmenstruation processing prediction material single shaft constitutive relation；Afterwards
Phase processing comprises the following steps：
1) according to formula (1), cylindrical tack indentation is divided into linear elasticity section and elastoplasticity section, P-h is returned using linear trend
Curve stretch section obtains elasticity indentation rigidity S, and returning P-h curve elastoplasticity sections using power law Trendline obtains elastoplasticity load song
Rate C and load exponent m；
2) 1) acquired results are inputted into (2) formula
Constitutive parameter E, σ of measured material or component can be predicted outy, n, in formula：S is load p-depth h curve initial linear elasticity sections
Slope, E be material elasticity modulus, v be material Poisson's ratio, v*It is characterized energy density and meets v*=Enσy 1-n/ (1+n),
N is strain hardening exponent, σyFor nominal-ultimate strength, D is cylindrical tack diameter of section, and C is load curvature, and m is that load refers to
Number, k1、k2、k3With k4For nondimensional solution constant；
3) E, σ will 2) be obtainedy, n result input following Hollomon models
It can be obtained material single shaft constitutive relation.
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| CN106248502A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2016-12-21 | 西南交通大学 | The method that cantilever beam bending obtains material elastic plastic mechanical properties |
| CN106124293B (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2018-10-30 | 西南交通大学 | The method that small punch test obtains material simple stress-strain stress relation |
| CN108414379B (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2020-05-15 | 太原理工大学 | Method for extracting metal elastoplasticity parameters through in-situ press-in test |
| CN111649858B (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2021-11-19 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method and system for testing three-dimensional stress of residual stress of material by using nanoindentation method |
| CN113188890B (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-03-08 | 北京科技大学 | Method for measuring material surface residual stress by using nano indentation technology |
| CN114459931B (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2023-09-29 | 东南大学 | Method for acquiring uniaxial stress-strain relation of material by cylindrical pressing |
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