CN105716733B - A kind of dynamic correcting method that fired power generating unit thermo sheathed type thermocouple temperature measures - Google Patents
A kind of dynamic correcting method that fired power generating unit thermo sheathed type thermocouple temperature measures Download PDFInfo
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- CN105716733B CN105716733B CN201610067493.XA CN201610067493A CN105716733B CN 105716733 B CN105716733 B CN 105716733B CN 201610067493 A CN201610067493 A CN 201610067493A CN 105716733 B CN105716733 B CN 105716733B
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- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/02—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
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Abstract
The invention discloses the dynamic correcting methods that a kind of fired power generating unit thermo sheathed type thermocouple temperature measures, including：The Unsteady Heat Transfer the model of procedural computation for establishing thermo sheathed type thermocouple, based on measuring temperature change with time the temperature space in inverting casing distribution and sleeve outer wall exchange heat hot-fluid；Steam flow is calculated by vapor (steam) temperature and pressure signal, thermocouple sheath outer wall convection transfer rate is calculated according to Heat transfer corelation；The heat transfer temperature difference of steam and thermocouple sheath outer wall is calculated according to sleeve outer wall heat exchange hot-fluid and convection transfer rate；The online dynamic calibration to vapor (steam) temperature is realized according to the sleeve outer wall temperature and heat transfer temperature difference of calculating.Inventive algorithm realizes that process is simple, and physical significance is clear, solves the problems, such as that thermo sheathed type thermocouple temperature-responsive seriously lags, and power plant master is greatly shortened, the response time that reheat steam temperature measures.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to thermal thermal temperature fields of measurement, are a kind of dynamic schools that fired power generating unit thermo sheathed type thermocouple temperature measures
Correction method.
Background technology
Armoured thermocouple is widely used in measuring temperature in the industrial production, and operation principle is by thermode and quilt
It surveys medium and establishes thermal balance to perceive its temperature change.In power plant, main, reheated steam is high temperature and high pressure steam, in order to prevent
Thermocouple is mechanically damaged, needs thermocouple being sealed in protection sleeve pipe.The presence of casing exacerbates heat transfer lag significantly,
When vapor (steam) temperature changes, measuring temperature cannot quickly track the variation of vapor (steam) temperature, generate prodigious dynamic error.It measures stagnant
The overshoot and oscillation that steam temperature adjustment process can not only be aggravated afterwards, can also cause the danger such as overtemperature tube burst, give the safe operation of unit
Bring hidden danger.Therefore, adjusting product of the algorithm of research reentrant bushing formula thermocouple response time for raising master, reheat steam temperature
Matter, the safety and economy for improving unit operation are of great significance.
Invention content
Goal of the invention：In order to shorten the temperature-responsive time of main, reheated steam temperature measuring equipment thermo sheathed type thermocouple, the present invention
A kind of dynamic correcting method that fired power generating unit thermo sheathed type thermocouple temperature measures is provided, reaches and improves main, reheat steam temperature adjusting
Quality improves the economy of unit operation and the effect of safety.
Technical solution：To achieve the goals above, the dynamic that fired power generating unit thermo sheathed type thermocouple temperature of the invention measures
Bearing calibration includes the following steps：
(1) in a certain correction time section [τM-x,τM] in, using sequential function method according to the measuring temperature T of thermocouplecWith
The spatial distribution T and initial time τ of temperature in the variation prediction casing of time τM-xCorresponding sleeve outer wall heat exchange hot-fluid qM-x；
(2) initial time τ is estimated according to the operation characteristic of fired power generating unitM-xThe convection transfer rate h of sleeve outer wallM-x；
(3) according to initial time τM-xCorresponding sleeve outer wall heat exchange hot-fluid qM-xWith convection transfer rate hM-xWhen calculating this
Carve the heat transfer temperature difference Δ t of steam and thermocouple sheath outer wallM-x；
(4) by the heat transfer temperature difference Δ tM-xWith sleeve outer wall temperatureAddition obtains initial time τM-xSteam
TemperatureUse vapor (steam) temperatureInstead of current time thermocouple τMMeasuring temperatureAs current time τMVapor (steam) temperature
Corrected value, realized to the online dynamic calibration of vapor (steam) temperature to be measured along time stepping method.
Wherein, the spatial distribution and initial time τ of temperature in casing are predicted described in step (1)M-xCorresponding sleeve outer wall
Exchange heat hot-fluid qM-x, include the following steps：
(1) thermo sheathed type thermocouple Unsteady Heat Transfer process mathematical model is established；
(2) the correction time section [τ is setM-x,τM] in it is initial corresponding to each moment sleeve outer wall heat exchange hot-fluid q
Value；
(3) initial temperature in casing is distributed T0The set is substituted into the initial value of each moment sleeve outer wall heat exchange hot-fluid q
Tubular thermocouple Unsteady Heat Transfer process mathematical model calculates the Temperature Distribution T in each moment casing.
(4) object function is takenAnd according to each moment internal surface of sleeve pipe temperature (i.e. thermocouple needle
Calculate temperature)With the practical measuring temperature of thermocoupleDeviation solve to obtain in casing temperature point using optimization formula
Cloth T and initial time τM-xCorresponding sleeve outer wall heat exchange hot-fluid qM-xValue.
Wherein, the convection transfer rate h of sleeve outer wall described in step (2)M-xCalculating, include the following steps：
(1) initial time τ is estimated according to Fu Liugeer formulaM-xThe steam flow G of hot steam to be measuredM-xWith steam flow rate uM -x；
(2) the convection transfer rate h between steam and thermocouple is estimated according to fluid cross grazing single-tube heat convection correlationM -x。
Wherein, initial time τM-xThe heat transfer temperature difference Δ t of steam and thermocouple sheath outer wallM-xCasing corresponding with the moment
Outer wall heat exchange hot-fluid qM-xWith convection transfer rate hM-xExpression formula it is as follows：
ΔtM-x=qM-x/hM-x。
Advantageous effect：The dynamic correcting method that the fired power generating unit thermo sheathed type thermocouple temperature of the present invention measures is chosen to work as
The preceding moment is node, and the temperature before choosing the node in certain time period is basic as correction, establishes thermo sheathed type thermocouple
Unsteady Heat Transfer the model of procedural computation, based on measuring temperature change with time the temperature space in inverting casing distribution and casing
Outer wall heat exchange hot-fluid；Steam flow is calculated by vapor (steam) temperature and pressure signal, thermocouple sheath is calculated according to Heat transfer corelation
Outer wall convection transfer rate；Steam and thermocouple sheath outer wall are calculated according to exchange heat hot-fluid and convection transfer rate of sleeve outer wall
Heat transfer temperature difference finally obtains correction temperature, and using the temperature as the measuring temperature at current time, this method realizes process letter
Single, physical significance is clear.It solves the problems, such as that thermo sheathed type thermocouple temperature-responsive seriously lags, power plant master, again is greatly shortened
The response time that hot steam temperature measures, to improve the regulation quality of main, reheated steam, improve unit operation safety and
Economy.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is thermo sheathed type thermocouple structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is vapor (steam) temperature correction course flow chart；
Fig. 3 is that certain power plant's reheated steam measuring temperature and correcting algorithm calculate temperature jump response simulation curve；Fig. 3 (a)
It is step simulation curve of the reheat steam temperature under 100% load；Fig. 3 (b) is reheat steam temperature under 70% load
Step simulation curve；Fig. 3 (c) is step simulation curve of the reheat steam temperature under 50% load.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.Following instance is only used for clearly illustrating the present invention's
Technical solution, and cannot thus limit the scope of the invention.
Step 1：Fig. 1 show common thermo sheathed type thermocouple mounting structure schematic diagram.In order to establish its conduction process
Mathematical model makes following simplification：1. because 1 wall thickness of casing is big, thermal coefficient is low, therefore thinking that heat transfer lag occurs over just casing.
2. sleeve outer wall and steam heat convection, inner wall is adiabatic, and inner wall temperature is thermocouple measuring temperature.3. ignore longitudinal heat transfer,
Diabatic process is regarded as one-dimensional heat conduction radially.4. initial time electric thermo-couple temperature is uniform, reach thermal balance with steam.
According to thermal conduction study basic principle, thermo sheathed type thermocouple Unsteady Heat Transfer process mathematical model can be established：
In formula, ρ is shell material density；C is shell material specific heat capacity；λ is shell material thermal coefficient；R indicates casing
The distance of some upper positional distance center axis, RmFor casing inner diameter, RmLocate the corresponding temperature i.e. temperature on casing inner diameter surface
Degree is that the calculating temperature of thermocouple exports；RnFor sleeve outer, RnIt is sleeve outer wall surface temperature to locate corresponding temperature；τ is
Correction time, section [τM-x,τM] it is for current time τMThe temperature correction period, the selection of the segment can be according to thermoelectricity
The case propagation delays of even casing are preset；Q is thermocouple sheath outer wall heat exchange hot-fluid；T is the temperature point in thermocouple sheath
Cloth, T0For the initial value of the Temperature Distribution in thermocouple sheath.
Step 2：It presets from initial time τM-xTo current time τMTime in thermocouple sheath outer wall heat exchange hot-fluid q
Value is respectively qM-x, qM-x+1..., qM.To simplify the calculation, it is assumed that the thermo sheathed type thermocouple surface heat exchanging hot-fluid at each moment is homogeneous
Together, then q=qM-x=qM-x+1=...=qM, initial time τ is calculated in the present embodimentM-xCorresponding thermocouple sheath outer wall heat exchange
Heat flow value qM-x。
In formula,Indicate sleeve outer wall heat exchange hot-fluid qM-xThe corresponding value of kth time iteration, the subscript k of q, k+1 are indicated
The level of iteration,Indicate the variable quantity of unit changes of heat flux setting of casing inner wall temperature, the equation met can lead to
It is obtained after crossing thermocouple Heat Conduction Differential Equations heat exchanging hot-fluid q derivations：
Step 4：The steam flow G of steam to be measured is calculated according to Fu Liugeer formulaM-x, under normal circumstances, fired power generating unit
Steam to be measured be mainly main steam and reheated steam.
For reheated steam：According to Fu Liugeer formula, intermediate pressure cylinder import to low pressure (LP) cylinder is exported into all pressure stages and is considered as
One grade group.Reheated steam flowIn formula, Gz0Indicate design conditions intermediate pressure cylinder into steam flow amount；pz0It indicates
Design conditions intermediate pressure cylinder initial steam pressure；Tz0Indicate design conditions intermediate pressure cylinder throttle (steam) temperature；pz1Indicate variable working condition intermediate pressure cylinder into vapour pressure
Power；Tz1Indicate variable working condition intermediate pressure cylinder throttle (steam) temperature；Above-mentioned parameter Gz0pz0Tz0It is unit design parameter (definite value), Tz1, pz1For
Unit real-time running data.Reheated steam flow velocityIn formula, AzFor reheated steam flow area, ρz1For reheated steam
Density.
For main steam：According to Fu Liugeer formula, it is considered as one by all pressure stages are exported to high pressure cylinder after governing stage
Grade group.When variable working condition front stage group is in subcritical state, main steam flowWork as variable working condition
When front stage group reaches critical condition, main steam flowIn formula, G0Indicate design conditions main steam flow
Amount；p10Pressure after expression design conditions governing stage；p20Indicate design conditions high pressure cylinder exhaust steam pressure；T0Indicate that design conditions are adjusted
Temperature after grade；G1Indicate variable working condition main steam flow；p11Pressure after expression variable working condition governing stage；p21Indicate variable working condition high pressure cylinder row
Steam pressure；T1Temperature after expression variable working condition governing stage.Main steam flow velocityIn formula, A1Indicate main steam flow area, ρ1
Indicate main steam density.
Step 6：According to sleeve outer wall heat exchange hot-fluid qM-xWith convection transfer rate hM-xIt calculates outside steam and thermocouple sheath
The heat transfer temperature difference Δ t of wall surfaceM-x=qM-x/hM-x。
Step 7：Temperature is calculated according to thermocouple sheath outer wall surface(in step 3) and heat transfer temperature difference Δ tM-x
Correct initial time τM-xVapor (steam) temperatureAnd by initial time τM-xCorrection temperatureGeneration
For the measuring temperature T of current time thermocouplec MAs current time vapor (steam) temperature corrected value, to reduce because of sleeve outer wall to inner wall
Temperature heat transfer time delay and bring temperature-measuring results lag.
Step 8：Along the propulsion of time τ, for arbitrary current time τM, by its time instant τ previousM-xCalculate the temperature of gained
Temperature correction value of the corrected value as current time realizes the online dynamic calibration of vapor (steam) temperature to be measured.
Fig. 3 is certain power plant's reheat steam temperature step response emulation experiment under 100%, 70% and 50% load respectively.From
It can be seen that in figure, after vapor (steam) temperature changes, due to the hysteresis quality of heat transfer, the variation of thermo sheathed type thermocouple measuring temperature is slow
Slowly, temperature measurement delay is more serious after load declines.And temperature-responsive speed, and temperature school greatly improved in correcting algorithm
Plus effect is not influenced by load variations.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail, still, during present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above
Detail can carry out a variety of equivalents to technical scheme of the present invention within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, this
A little equivalents all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the dynamic correcting method that a kind of fired power generating unit thermo sheathed type thermocouple temperature measures, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) in a certain correction time section [τM-x,τM] in, using sequential function method according to the measuring temperature T of thermocouplecAt any time
The spatial distribution T and initial time τ of temperature in the variation prediction casing of τM-xCorresponding sleeve outer wall heat exchange hot-fluid qM-x；
(2) initial time τ is estimated according to the operation characteristic of fired power generating unitM-xThe convection transfer rate h of sleeve outer wallM-x；
(3) according to initial time τM-xCorresponding sleeve outer wall heat exchange hot-fluid qM-xWith convection transfer rate hM-xCalculate moment steaming
The heat transfer temperature difference Δ t of vapour and thermocouple sheath outer wallM-x；
(4) by the heat transfer temperature difference Δ tM-xWith sleeve outer wall temperatureAddition obtains initial time τM-xVapor (steam) temperatureUse vapor (steam) temperatureInstead of current time τMThe measuring temperature of thermocoupleAs current time τMThe school of vapor (steam) temperature
Positive value realizes that the online dynamic calibration to vapor (steam) temperature to be measured, r indicate its center of some positional distance on casing along time stepping method
The distance of axis, RnFor sleeve outer.
2. the dynamic correcting method that fired power generating unit thermo sheathed type thermocouple temperature according to claim 1 measures, feature exist
In the spatial distribution and initial time τ of temperature in prediction casing described in step (1)M-xCorresponding sleeve outer wall heat exchange hot-fluid qM -x, include the following steps：
(1) thermo sheathed type thermocouple Unsteady Heat Transfer process mathematical model is established；
(2) the correction time section [τ is setM-x,τM] in initial value corresponding to each moment sleeve outer wall heat exchange hot-fluid q；
(3) initial temperature in casing is distributed T0Described sleeve pipe formula heat is substituted into the initial value of each moment sleeve outer wall heat exchange hot-fluid q
Galvanic couple Unsteady Heat Transfer process mathematical model calculates the Temperature Distribution T in each moment casing；
(4) object function is takenAnd temperature is calculated according to each moment thermocoupleWith thermocouple
Practical measuring temperatureDeviation using optimization formula solve to obtain initial time τM-xCorresponding sleeve outer wall heat exchange hot-fluid qM -xValue, RmFor casing inner diameter.
3. according to the dynamic correcting method that the fired power generating unit thermo sheathed type thermocouple temperature described in claim 1 measures, feature
It is, the convection transfer rate h of described sleeve pipe outer wallM-xCalculating, include the following steps：
(1) initial time τ is estimated according to Fu Liugeer formulaM-xThe steam flow G of hot steam to be measuredM-xWith steam flow rate uM-x；
(2) the convection transfer rate h between steam and thermocouple is estimated according to fluid cross grazing single-tube heat convection correlationM-x。
4. according to the dynamic correcting method that the fired power generating unit thermo sheathed type thermocouple temperature described in claim 1 measures, feature
It is, initial time τM-xThe heat transfer temperature difference Δ t of steam and thermocouple sheath outer wallM-xSleeve outer wall heat exchange corresponding with the moment
Hot-fluid qM-xWith convection transfer rate hM-xExpression formula it is as follows：
ΔtM-x=qM-x/hM-x。
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| US20180238741A1 (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2018-08-23 | Rosemount Inc. | Process transmitter isolation compensation |
| US11226242B2 (en) | 2016-01-25 | 2022-01-18 | Rosemount Inc. | Process transmitter isolation compensation |
| CN106290974B (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2019-03-22 | 北京航空航天大学 | A method of fluid velocity is measured using double-thermocouple |
| US11226255B2 (en) | 2016-09-29 | 2022-01-18 | Rosemount Inc. | Process transmitter isolation unit compensation |
| CN113203499B (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2022-03-18 | 华中科技大学 | Transient temperature measurement calibration method and system |
| CN113653542A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-11-16 | 广东粤电靖海发电有限公司 | Steam inlet temperature measurement control system of steam turbine of thermal power plant |
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