CN105715387A - CNG engine multi-cylinder gas self-filling system and gas self-filling method thereof - Google Patents
CNG engine multi-cylinder gas self-filling system and gas self-filling method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105715387A CN105715387A CN201610127902.0A CN201610127902A CN105715387A CN 105715387 A CN105715387 A CN 105715387A CN 201610127902 A CN201610127902 A CN 201610127902A CN 105715387 A CN105715387 A CN 105715387A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D17/00—Controlling engines by cutting out individual cylinders; Rendering engines inoperative or idling
- F02D17/02—Cutting-out
- F02D17/023—Cutting-out the inactive cylinders acting as compressor other than for pumping air into the exhaust system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
Abstract
The invention discloses a CNG engine multi-cylinder gas self-filling method. According to the method, at least two cylinders in a CNG engine serve as gas filling cylinders, the other cylinders serve as power cylinders, and the power cylinders operate normally to drive the gas filling cylinders so that the gas filling cylinders serve as piston compressor cylinders to compress civil natural gas and then fill a high-pressure CNG storage tank with the compressed civil natural gas. The invention further discloses a CNG engine multi-cylinder gas self-filling system which comprises the CNG engine, the high-pressure CNG storage tank, pressurizing storage tanks and a connecting pipe network, wherein the CNG engine comprises the cylinders and an ECU; the cylinders include at least two gas filling cylinders and a plurality of power cylinders; the gas filling cylinders are provided with cylinder closing devices and gas filling channels; pressure sensors are arranged on the high-pressure CNG storage tank and the pressurizing storage tanks and/or pipeline connected with the high-pressure CNG storage tank and the pressurizing storage tanks; and the cylinder closing devices, spark plugs, control valves and the pressure sensors are connected with the ECU respectively. The method and the system can be used for filling a CNG automobile with civil natural gas, have a small modification range, are easy to realize and have no influence on the performance of the CNG engine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of CNG automobile, particularly relate to a kind of CNG electromotor multi-cylinder from gas charging system and from inflation method.
Background technology
Natural gas is as generally acknowledged clean energy resource, with the three big pillars that coal, oil are listed as world energy sources.Due to the minimizing day by day of petroleum resources, in order to alleviate automobile to petroleum resources permanence with according to the worry of patience, gasoline and the hybrid vehicle such as electric power, vapour oil and gas are in succession researched and developed and come into operation.In the last few years, country has put into effect the development of some policy support Gas Industries successively, encourages and supports the automobile using LNG, CNG as fuel and boats and ships.
The natural gas resource of China is concentrated mainly on western part and greater coasting area, on the one hand, ring source of the gas neighboring towns such as: the ground such as Sichuan, Chongqing, Urumchi, Hainan, owing to natural gas is sufficient, the gas station quantity built up is more, and gas-fueled vehicles recoverable amount is also relatively larger.On the other hand, the gas source in natural gas resource scarcity city relies primarily on the gas delivering pipe nets such as transfering natural gas from the west to the east, the natural gas of conveying burns in the majority for resident, thus causing that city gas source of the gas is few, the quantity of natural gas filling station is difficult to break through, and therefore gas-fueled vehicles also cannot be popularized in a large number.
Compared with natural gas filling station, civil natural gas will generally many.If able to utilize civil natural gas that CNG automobile is carried out aerating, will effectively solve the problem that current natural gas filling station quantity is few, CNG automobile aerating is difficult.Owing to civil natural gas pressure of registering one's residence is relatively low, generally in gauge pressure 26mbar (being converted into absolute pressure is 0.1036MPa) left and right；And the blowing pressure of CNG automobile is about 18MPa, register one's residence pressure far above civil natural gas, it is therefore necessary to it is possible to be filled with in high pressure CNG storage tank after civilian low pressure natural gas is compressed pressurization.For CNG automobile car owner, the natural gas compressor of purchasing expensive is clearly uneconomic, and uses inconvenience, there is potential safety hazard.Comparatively speaking, utilize automobile equipment of itself or mobile unit civilian low pressure natural gas to be compressed to and meet the obvious more practical significance of CNG automobile instructions for use.
At present, it has been disclosed that CNG aerator be substantially all and be applied to gas station, individual not for automobile.Chinese invention patent if publication number is CN104776432A discloses a kind of high energy CNG aerator, utilize pressure limiting valve and air inlet main valve that the CNG of input is carried out pressure limiting and control, while filling natural gas, synergist is injected by synergist filler, so that natural gas mixes with synergist, improve ignition temperature.And about utilizing the research of civil natural gas to focus mostly in burners such as boilers.Chinese patent application if publication number is CN102679145A discloses a kind of combustion natural gas boiler and burner thereof, existing civil natural gas pipe network can be used to supply, without individually laying natural gas line again and building voltage regulating station, greatly reduce the use cost of combustion natural gas boiler.Relevant CNG automobile directly utilizes civil natural gas, and to carry out the research of aerating current or blank.
On the other hand, close cylinder technology as an energy-conserving and emission-cutting technology, automobile fuel engine has relatively broad application, its essence is that "off" of being done work by valve makes partial cylinders be in idling conditions, oil supply system stops to corresponding cylinder body oil spout, thus reducing engine displacement.Masses, Honda, Chrysler are the Typical Representatives of this technology.Popular EA211 electromotor close cylinder system, it is control camshaft skewed slot displacement by electromagnetic valve, the cam of two different angles of switching, thus realizing for change to valve stroke and timing under different operating modes, closes cylinder system and has only to that high angle cam is replaced with the cam not having lift and can realize closing cylinder；What the i-VTEC/VCM six cylinder engine of Honda adopted closes cylinder system, its core is to be driven the disconnection of valve rocker or the combination of link by the oil gear of a set of stick harness structure, oil gear in connecting rod rocking arm drives the fulcrum of rocking arm, make it stop driving valve, be also achieved that and close cylinder；The MDS of the HEMI electromotor of Chrysler closes cylinder system, near camshaft or the structure of a similar valve top bucket, has spring stick harness, is connected by hydraulic-driven or disconnect, thus realizing becoming cylinder inside this top bucket.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of CNG electromotor multi-cylinder that civil natural gas is directly filled with CNG automobile from gas charging system and from inflation method.
For achieving the above object, the CNG electromotor multi-cylinder being used for being filled with in high pressure CNG storage tank by the low pressure natural gas from civil natural gas source of the gas designed by the present invention, from inflation method, comprises the steps:
1) using in-engine for CNG at least two cylinder as inflation cylinder, it is at closing cylinder state by closing cylinder assembly, and is made the spark plug non-functional of inflation cylinder by ECU；
2) using cylinder remaining in CNG electromotor as actuating cylinder, described actuating cylinder runs well, and the power provided by the natural gas that burns drives inflating air cylinder；
3) described inflation cylinder is as piston type compressor cylinder under the effect of actuating cylinder, sucks natural gas using the filling channel at its top as natural gas access way, after one or many compresses, is finally filled with in high pressure CNG storage tank；
In above-mentioned steps, by ECU, whole gas replenishment process is controlled.
Preferably, adopt pressurized tanks, as buffer memory, civil natural gas is carried out many second compression；In compression process, pressurized tanks can not only be used for the natural gas after storage tank storage compression, can provide natural gas as source of the gas to inflation cylinder again.Many second compression can gradually improve gas pressure, meets the requirement to pressure of the high pressure CNG storage tank better.
Alternatively, each inflation cylinder adopts airing form in parallel, suck natural gas from same source of the gas (including civil natural gas source of the gas and each pressurized tanks), after being compressed, natural gas is pressed in same storage tank (being different from pressurized tanks or the high pressure CNG storage tank of source of the gas).When adopting a pressurized tanks, low pressure natural gas from civil natural gas source of the gas, first being pressed through in this pressurized tanks after inflation cylinder compression temporary, this pressurized tanks pressure supplies to inflation cylinder as source of the gas after reaching its maximum, is filled with in high pressure CNG storage tank after recompression.When adopting two and above pressurized tanks, each pressurized tanks is called one-level pressurized tanks by inflation sequence, two-stage supercharging storage tank etc. (lower same), low pressure natural gas from civil natural gas source of the gas, it first is pressed through in one-level pressurized tanks after inflation cylinder compression temporary, one-level pressurized tanks pressure supplies to inflation cylinder as source of the gas after reaching its maximum, the natural gas that the pressure that obtains after recompression is higher, it is filled with in two-stage supercharging storage tank, the rest may be inferred contracts the natural pressure in upper level pressurized tanks successively and transfers in next stage pressurized tanks, the pressure making natural gas improves step by step, natural gas in afterbody pressurized tanks is filled with in high pressure CNG storage tank after compression.Maximum pressure that Pressure maximum value (or maximum pressure) in the present invention and minima (or minimum pressure) can reach for pressurized tanks corresponding in compression process and minimum pressure, its value is different according to the difference of cylinder compression ratio, pressurized tanks volume and bleed pressure, can be determined by experiment, or be calculated (as described later) with reference to compound compressor.
Alternatively, each inflation cylinder adopts series connection airing form, and the low pressure natural gas from civil natural gas source of the gas is inflated cylinder by first and sucked, after sequentially passing through each inflation cylinder compression, by last inflation cylinder press-in high pressure CNG storage tank.Further, for ensureing to enter the gas pressure of next stage inflation cylinder, between adjacent (refer in series sequence adjacent) two inflation cylinders, a described pressurized tanks is set as buffer memory.
Alternatively, each inflation cylinder adopts series-parallel connection airing form, the airing form that namely airing form in parallel and series connection airing form are mutually combined.Adoptable pattern is connected with the 3rd inflation cylinder after including but not limited to two inflation cylinders in parallel, two inflation cylinders in parallel are connected etc. with other two inflation cylinders in parallel.
Preferably, n inflation cylinder is comprised in described CNG electromotor, n >=3, wherein front n-1 inflation cylinder parallel connection sucks natural gas from source of the gas (including civil natural gas source of the gas and each pressurized tanks), (the n-th expression is different from front n-1, it does not have absolute precedence after being compressed, the natural gas sucked in these inflation cylinders to be input to the n-th inflation cylinder.), inflate in the storage tank (pressurized tanks or high pressure CNG storage tank) thereafter that after cylinder is compressed as source of the gas natural gas is pressed into next stage for n-1 before the n-th inflation cylinder.Under this airing form, front n-1 inflation cylinder necessarily be in identical suction stroke or instroke (only having two strokes during inflation cylinder charge), and the n-th inflation cylinder necessarily be in and inflates the contrary aerofluxus of cylinder or suction stroke with first n-1, namely n-1 inflation cylinder and n-th inflation cylinder one progressive error of difference before, front n-1 inflation cylinder is in top dead centre aerofluxus when terminating, and the n-th cylinder is exactly in lower dead center air-breathing to be terminated.This airing form is as a kind of concrete series-parallel connection airing form, its advantage is, front n-1 inflation cylinder inflates cylinder charge to n-th simultaneously, the pressure of the n-th inflation cylinder can be ensured between n-th inflation cylinder and front n-1 inflation cylinder without arranging pressurized tanks, therefore one pressurized tanks can be set less relative to serial or parallel connection.
Preferably, each inflation cylinder sucks natural gas from civil natural gas source of the gas simultaneously, is filled with first order pressurized tanks after being compressed；After first order pressurized tanks reaches maximum pressure, part inflation cylinder continues to inflate in first order pressurized tanks, and another part inflation cylinder, with first order pressurized tanks for source of the gas, is inflated in the pressurized tanks of the second level；The rest may be inferred, and after upper level pressurized tanks reaches maximum pressure, partial inflation cylinder, with it for source of the gas, is inflated, until afterbody pressurized tanks is filled with in high pressure CNG storage tank after being compressed as source of the gas in next stage pressurized tanks.Further, if because upper level inflates cylinder failure or compression causes that in certain pressurized tanks, gas pressure is reduced to the minimum pressure of this pressurized tanks more slowly in gas replenishment process, when causing being not enough to carry out next stage compression, next stage compression can be suspended, the cylinder performing next stage compression duty is temporarily functioned as this grade of compression, makes this pressurized tanks be full of (namely pressure reaches maximum) as early as possible.
Invention also provides a kind of for realize preceding method and custom-designed CNG electromotor multi-cylinder from gas charging system, including CNG electromotor and high pressure CNG storage tank, described CNG electromotor includes cylinder and ECU, and described cylinder includes cylinder intake valve, cylinder exhaust valve, cylinder head and spark plug；Described cylinder includes inflation cylinder and for driving the actuating cylinder of inflation cylinder, and the quantity of described inflation cylinder is no less than two；Described inflation cylinder is provided with for keeping what its cylinder intake valve, cylinder exhaust valve be in closed state to close cylinder assembly；The cylinder head of described inflation cylinder is provided with filling channel；This system also includes pressurized tanks and connects pipe network, and described connection pipe network is used for connecting filling channel, civil natural gas source of the gas, pressurized tanks and high pressure CNG storage tank, and its concrete structure can refer to piston compressor and is designed；The pipeline of described connection pipe network it is provided with check valve and controls valve, being provided with pressure transducer in described high pressure CNG storage tank and/or on coupled pipeline, in described pressurized tanks and/or on coupled pipeline, be provided with pressure transducer；Described close cylinder assembly, spark plug, control valve, pressure transducer are respectively connected in ECU, by ECU, whole gas replenishment process are controlled.
Preferably, each connected mode inflating cylinder is in parallel, series connection or series-parallel connection, corresponds respectively to aforementioned airing form in parallel, series connection airing form, series-parallel connection airing form.
Preferably, the input channel of described pressurized tanks and/or high pressure CNG storage tank is provided with cooler.Increase the heat that the removable natural gas of cooler produces in compression process, it is prevented that tank body is overheated.
Preferably, the pressurized tanks quantity of described pressurized tanks group is 2～3, both can obtain the natural gas of elevated pressures, is unlikely to again to take the space in too much automobile.
Preferably, the described cylinder assembly that closes includes camshaft, cam sleeve and is provided with the electromagnetic valve of two spools, described cam sleeve is provided with high angle cam and low angle cam, described cam sleeve is circumferentially fixed relative to camshaft, axially do not fix, namely cam sleeve and high angle cam thereon, low angle cam relative to the axial displacement of camshaft, but can not can circumferentially rotate relative to camshaft；The arranged outside of described cam sleeve has spiral chute, the two-part hand of spiral in described spiral chute left and right is contrary, two spools of described electromagnetic valve can stretch in the skewed slot of spiral chute corresponding part under control of the ecu, makes cam sleeve and high angle cam thereon, low angle cam axially carry out displacement relative to camshaft under the effect of the camshaft rotated.The inflation cylinder intake valve of cylinder, cylinder exhaust valve place are respectively arranged with and above-mentioned close cylinder assembly, when low angle cam moves to the plunger position of corresponding cylinder intake valve, cylinder exhaust valve, it is impossible to backing down plunger, cylinder is in closed state, namely achieves and closes cylinder；When high angle cam moves to corresponding plunger position, it is possible to back down plunger, above-mentioned two valve recovers normal.What said structure used for reference popular EA211 electromotor closes cylinder structure, the advantage with simple in construction, effect stability.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: 1) close on the basis of cylinder technology at existing fuel engines, creatively cylinder is transformed into piston compressor, repacking amplitude is little, it is easy to accomplish；2) through the CNG electromotor of transformation, there are dynamic mode and two kinds of mode of operations of modes of inflation, inflating cylinder during inflation and switch to modes of inflation, after inflation, inflation cylinder can immediately switch to dynamic mode under ECU control, not affecting the performance of CNG electromotor, CNG automobile can normally travel；3) adopting multiple cylinder to be inflated as inflation cylinder, aeration speed faster, is particularly suited for the large-scale CNG automobile that gas consumption is big, such as heavy truck, public transport etc.；4) CNG automobile user utilizes civil natural gas self-inflating, can effectively alleviate the matter of great urgency that gas station is not enough, promotes the extensive utilization of natural gas energy resource, has bigger social value, meets the development trend of following energy-saving and emission-reduction.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In Fig. 1 embodiment, CNG electromotor multi-cylinder is from the parallel-connection structure schematic diagram of gas charging system.
In Fig. 2 embodiment, CNG electromotor multi-cylinder is from the cascaded structure schematic diagram of gas charging system.
In Fig. 3 embodiment, CNG electromotor multi-cylinder is from the hybrid connected structure schematic diagram of gas charging system.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation inflating cylinder in Fig. 1～3.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation closing cylinder assembly in Fig. 4.
Wherein: civil natural gas source of the gas 1, high pressure CNG storage tank 2, pressurized tanks 3, inflation cylinder 4, actuating cylinder 41, cylinder intake valve 42, cylinder exhaust valve 43, cylinder head 44, spark plug 45, connecting rod 46, piston 47, bent axle 48, filling channel 5, close cylinder assembly 6, electromagnetic valve 61, camshaft 62, cam sleeve 63, high angle cam 64, low angle cam 65, spiral chute 66, plunger 67, control valve 7, check valve 71, cooler 8, pressure transducer 81
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in figures 1-4, the CNG electromotor multi-cylinder designed by the present invention is from gas charging system, including CNG electromotor, high pressure CNG storage tank 2, pressurized tanks 3 and connection pipe network.CNG electromotor includes cylinder and ECU, and described cylinder includes cylinder intake valve 42, cylinder exhaust valve 43, cylinder head 44 and spark plug 45.This CNG electromotor is six cylinder engine, is called cylinder I～VI, and cylinder II, IV, VI is adapted as inflation cylinder 4；Cylinder I, III, V is not reequiped, as actuating cylinder 41.Inflation cylinder 4 is provided with and closes cylinder assembly 6, and the cylinder head 44 of inflation cylinder 4 is provided with filling channel 5.The quantity of pressurized tanks 3 is two, is called pressurized tanks A, pressurized tanks B.
Described connection pipe network is used for connecting filling channel 5, civil natural gas source of the gas 1, pressurized tanks 3 and high pressure CNG storage tank 2.The pipeline of described connection pipe network is provided with check valve 71 and controls valve 7.For convenience, each valve 7 that controls is numbered with small English alphabet.Check valve 71 allows the direction passed through to be the arrow direction on pipeline in figure.The admission line of high pressure CNG storage tank 2 and pressurized tanks 3 is respectively arranged with pressure transducer 81 and cooler 8.Close cylinder assembly 6, spark plug 45, control valve 7, pressure transducer 81 and be respectively connected in ECU, by ECU, whole gas replenishment process is controlled.
Including camshaft 62, cam sleeve 63 as it is shown in figure 5, close cylinder assembly 6 and be provided with the electromagnetic valve 61 of two spools, cam sleeve 63 is provided with high angle cam 64 and low angle cam 65, cam sleeve 63 is circumferentially fixed relative to camshaft 62, axially do not fix；The arranged outside of cam sleeve 63 has spiral chute 66, the two-part hand of spiral of spiral chute about 66 is contrary, two spools of electromagnetic valve 61 can stretch in the skewed slot of spiral chute 66 corresponding part under control of the ecu, makes cam sleeve 63 and high angle cam 64 thereon, low angle cam 65 axially moving relative to camshaft 62 under the effect of the camshaft 62 rotated.When low angle cam 65 moves to plunger 67 place of cylinder intake valve 42, cylinder exhaust valve 43, it is impossible to back down plunger 67, this inflation cylinder 4 is in closed state, namely achieves and closes cylinder；When high angle cam 64 moves to corresponding plunger 67 place, it is possible to back down plunger 67, above-mentioned two valve recovers normal.
Inflation cylinder 4 includes two kinds of mode of operations, and namely burning natural gas provides the dynamic mode of power and as the modes of inflation of piston type compressor cylinder.Under dynamic mode, under control of the ecu, closing control valve b, c, d, make spark plug 45 normal operation, close cylinder assembly 6 and make the cam return of inflation cylinder 4；Under modes of inflation, under control of the ecu, open control valve b, c, d, spark plug 45 is made to lose efficacy, close cylinder assembly 6 to carry out closing cylinder operation, now inflation cylinder 4 only 5 one blow vents of filling channel, actuating cylinder 41 drives the piston 47 of inflation cylinder 4 to pump by bent axle 48, connecting rod 46, and now inflation cylinder 4 is equivalent to piston type compressor cylinder.
Above-mentioned CNG electromotor multi-cylinder includes parallel connection, series connection and three kinds of airing forms of series-parallel connection from gas charging system, is described individually below.
As it is shown in figure 1, respectively the employing of inflation cylinder 4 is connected in parallel, each inflation cylinder 4 all can suck natural gas from gas source and be compressed, and specifically comprises the following steps that
1) by ECU, each inflation cylinder 4 being switched to modes of inflation, open control valve b, c, d, actuating cylinder 41 is properly functioning and drives inflation cylinder 4.
2) open control valve a, f, keep controlling valve e, g, h, i and be closed.
3) each inflation cylinder 4 sucks low pressure natural gas from civil natural gas source of the gas 1 respectively and carries out first time compression, and the civil natural gas through first compression is pressed in pressurized tanks A.Suction pathway: a → b → II, a → c → IV, a → d → VI；Exhaust pathway: II → b → f → A, IV → c → f → A, VI → d → f → A.Wherein small English alphabet is for controlling valve, and capitalization English letter is pressurized tanks, and Roman number is cylinder, lower same.After pressurized tanks A is filled with (referring to that its pressure reaches maximum), closing control valve a, f.
4) open control valve h, g, supply to each inflation cylinder 4 as source of the gas using pressurized tanks A simultaneously, be filled with in pressurized tanks B after second time compression.Suction pathway: A → h → b → II, A → h → c → IV, A → h → d → VI；Exhaust pathway: II → b → g → B, IV → c → g → B, VI → d → g → B.Repeated Compression is until gas in pressurized tanks A cannot be inflated cylinder and suck, and the pressure that namely inflation cylinder inside clearance volumetric gas is expanded in cylinder after bottom dead center is just equal with residual gas pressure in pressurized tanks A.Now the pressure of pressurized tanks A is its output gas minimum pressure, stops gas output, returns step 2) continue pressurized tanks B is inflated to after being full of by pressurized tanks A.
5) pressurized tanks B is filled with, after namely the pressure of pressurized tanks B reaches maximum, closing control valve h, g, open i, e, supply to inflation cylinder 4 as source of the gas using pressurized tanks B, be filled with in high pressure CNG storage tank 2 after third time compression.Suction pathway: B → i → b → II, B → i → c → IV, B → i → d → VI；Exhaust pathway: II → b → e → high pressure CNG storage tank, IV → c → e → high pressure CNG storage tank, VI → d → e → high pressure CNG storage tank.Repeated Compression is until the gas in pressurized tanks B cannot be inflated cylinder suction, namely to be expanded to the pressure in cylinder after bottom dead center just equal with residual gas pressure in pressurized tanks B for inflation cylinder inside clearance volumetric gas, now the pressure of pressurized tanks B is its output gas minimum pressure, stops gas output.
6) repeat the above steps, until the pressure of high pressure CNG storage tank 2 reaches setting value, this value determines according to demand.After inflation, close aforementioned all control valves, inflation cylinder 4 is switched back into dynamic mode.
As in figure 2 it is shown, respectively the employing of inflation cylinder 4 is connected in series, the natural gas from civil natural gas source of the gas 1 sucks from cylinder II, is compressed through cylinder II, IV, VI successively, specifically comprises the following steps that
1) by ECU, each inflation cylinder 4 being switched to modes of inflation, open control valve b, c, d, each actuating cylinder 41 is properly functioning and drives inflation cylinder 4.
2) opening control valve a, f, cylinder II sucks low pressure natural gas from civil natural gas source of the gas 1 and carries out first time compression, and the civil natural gas through cylinder II compression is pressed in pressurized tanks A.Suction pathway: a → b → II；Exhaust pathway: II → b → f → A.
4) closing control valve a, f, opens control valve h, g, supplies to cylinder IV as source of the gas using pressurized tanks A, be filled with in pressurized tanks B after cylinder IV compresses.Suction pathway: A → h → c → IV；Exhaust pathway: IV → c → g → B.
5) closing control valve h, g, opens control valve i, e, supplies to cylinder VI as source of the gas using pressurized tanks B, be filled with in high pressure CNG storage tank 2 after cylinder VI compresses.Suction pathway: B → i → d → VI；Exhaust pathway: VI → d → e → high pressure CNG storage tank.
6) repeat the above steps, until the pressure of high pressure CNG storage tank 2 reaches setting value (this value determines according to demand).After inflation, close aforementioned all control valves, inflation cylinder 4 is switched back into dynamic mode.
As shown in Figure 3, each inflation cylinder 4 adopts series-parallel connection to connect, during one stage of compression, cylinder II, IV, pressurized tanks A is full of after i.e. first time reaches maximum pressure value by VI simultaneously, cylinder II individually continues inflation to pressurized tanks A, cylinder IV, VI will carry out two-stage compression simultaneously, after pressurized tanks B full i.e. first time reaches maximum pressure value, cylinder IV individually continues to inflate to pressurized tanks B, and cylinder VI then carries out three stage compression, by in gas compression to high pressure CNG storage tank 2, subsequent compression then enters multi-cylinder series connection compact model.Specifically comprise the following steps that
1) after entering modes of inflation, open control valve b, c, d and control valve a, m, n, f, j, k (the control valve acquiescence do not pointed out is closed), civil natural gas is through controlling valve a, b enters in cylinder II, through controlling valve a, m, c enters in cylinder IV, through controlling valve a, m, n enters in cylinder VI, carry out one stage of compression simultaneously, after compression terminates, gas in cylinder II is through controlling valve b, f enters pressurized tanks A, gas in cylinder IV is through controlling valve c, j, f enters in pressurized tanks A, gas in cylinder IV is through controlling valve d, k, j, f enters in pressurized tanks A.
2) after pressurized tanks A first time is full of, control valve m and close, control valve j and close, control valve h and open.Cylinder II continues on control valve a, b air-breathing and carries out one stage of compression.Pressurized tanks A expellant gas enters in cylinder IV through controlling valve h, c, enters in cylinder VI through h, n, d, carries out two-stage compression simultaneously.
3) after pressurized tanks B is full of and namely reaches maximum pressure value for the first time, control valve n, k and close, control valve i, e and open.Cylinder IV continues on control valve h, c air-breathing and carries out two-stage compression.Pressurized tanks B expellant gas enters in cylinder VI through valve i, d and carries out three stage compression, and the gas after compression enters in high pressure CNG storage tank 2 through d, e.Then into multi-cylinder series connection compact model.
The estimation of pressurized tanks maximum pressure and minimum pressure
CNG engine compresses is higher, is generally 10.1--11.3.The present embodiment intends the final pressure that goal pressure is 18MPa of compression, and the meter pressure of civil natural gas is 2.3kpa, then (0.101 is atmospheric pressure), the pressure ratio ε that compressor is totalt=18/ (0.101+2.3/1000)=174.
A. the estimation of maximum pressure
This system comprises two pressurized tanks and a high pressure CNG storage tank, and namely natural gas successively have passed through three second compression, therefore compressor progression Z=3.
The pressure ratio of every grade of compression can be calculated
The first order compresses the discharge pressure after terminating, and namely the maximum pressure of pressurized tanks A is 5.6 × 0.103=0.577MPa；
The discharge pressure after terminating is compressed in the second level, and namely the maximum pressure of pressurized tanks B is 0.577 × 5.6=3.23MPa；
The third level compresses the discharge pressure after terminating, and the maximum pressure that namely high pressure CNG storage tank can reach after this system compresses is 3.23 × 5.6=18.1MPa.
B. the estimation of minimum pressure
If force value is p1 in middle gas tank, gas tank volume is v1, quality is m1；If the gaseous mass in compression cylinder inside clearance volume is m2, pressure is p2, and volume is v2；If the cumulative volume of cylinder is v.When the gas in middle gas tank cannot be sucked by cylinder just, when in now cylinder inside clearance volume, gas expansion is to lower dead center, cylinder pressure is equal with middle pressure inside the tank.It is left out expansion work, is left out variations in temperature, when both sides pressure reaches relation when balancing be: p2·v2=m2R T (before expansion)；P1V=m2R T (after expansion).Now residual gas pressure is: p1=(p2·v2)/v.This pressure is the minimum pressure of pressurized tanks.
Claims (10)
1. CNG electromotor multi-cylinder is from an inflation method, for the low pressure natural gas from civil natural gas source of the gas (1) being filled with in high pressure CNG storage tank (2), it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1) using in-engine for CNG at least two cylinder as inflation cylinder (4), it is at closing cylinder state by closing cylinder assembly (6), and makes the spark plug (45) of inflation cylinder (4) lose efficacy by ECU；
2) using cylinder remaining in CNG electromotor as actuating cylinder (41), described actuating cylinder (41) runs well, and the power provided by the natural gas that burns drives inflating air cylinder (4)；
3) described inflation cylinder (4) under the effect of actuating cylinder (41) as piston type compressor cylinder, natural gas is sucked as natural gas access way using the filling channel (5) at its top, after one or many compresses, finally it is filled with in high pressure CNG storage tank (2)；
In above-mentioned steps, by ECU, whole gas replenishment process is controlled.
2. CNG electromotor multi-cylinder according to claim 1 is from inflation method, it is characterised in that: adopt pressurized tanks (3), as buffer memory, civil natural gas is carried out many second compression；In compression process, described pressurized tanks (3) can not only be used for the natural gas after storage tank storage compression, can supply to inflation cylinder (4) as source of the gas again.
3. CNG electromotor multi-cylinder according to claim 2 is from inflation method, it is characterised in that: respectively inflate cylinder (4) and adopt airing form in parallel, suck natural gas from same source of the gas, after being compressed, natural gas is pressed in same storage tank.
4. CNG electromotor multi-cylinder according to claim 2 is from inflation method, it is characterized in that: respectively inflate cylinder (4) and adopt series connection airing form, low pressure natural gas from civil natural gas source of the gas (1) is inflated cylinder (4) by first and is sucked, after sequentially passing through the compression of each inflation cylinder (4), by last inflation cylinder (4) press-in high pressure CNG storage tank (2)；Under this pattern, between adjacent two inflations cylinder (4), a described pressurized tanks (3) is set as buffer memory.
5. CNG electromotor multi-cylinder according to claim 2 is from inflation method, it is characterised in that: respectively inflate cylinder (4) and adopt series-parallel connection airing form, the airing form that namely airing form in parallel and series connection airing form are mutually combined.
6. CNG electromotor multi-cylinder according to claim 5 is from inflation method, it is characterized in that: in described CNG electromotor, comprise n inflation cylinder (4), n >=3, wherein front n-1 inflation cylinder (4) is in parallel sucks natural gas from civil natural gas source of the gas (1) or pressurized tanks (3), is input to by natural gas in the n-th inflation cylinder (4) after being compressed；Natural gas is pressed in pressurized tanks (3) or the high pressure CNG storage tank (2) of next stage after being compressed as source of the gas by the n-th inflation cylinder (4) n-1 inflation cylinder (4) in the past；Front n-1 inflation cylinder (4) is in identical stroke, and the n-th inflation cylinder (4) is inflated cylinder (4) with first n-1 and differed a progressive error.
7. CNG electromotor multi-cylinder according to claim 5 is from inflation method, it is characterized in that: respectively inflate cylinder (4) and suck natural gas from civil natural gas source of the gas (1) simultaneously, after being compressed, be filled with first order pressurized tanks (3)；After first order pressurized tanks (3) reaches maximum pressure, part inflation cylinder (4) continues inflation in first order pressurized tanks (3), another part inflation cylinder (4), with first order pressurized tanks (3) for source of the gas, is inflated in second level pressurized tanks (3)；The rest may be inferred, after upper level pressurized tanks (3) reaches maximum pressure, partial inflation cylinder (4) is with it for source of the gas, inflation in next stage pressurized tanks (3), until afterbody pressurized tanks (3) is filled with in high pressure CNG storage tank (2) after being compressed as source of the gas.
8. one kind for realizing method described in claim 1 and custom-designed CNG electromotor multi-cylinder from gas charging system, including CNG electromotor and high pressure CNG storage tank (2), described CNG electromotor includes cylinder and ECU, described cylinder includes cylinder intake valve (42), cylinder exhaust valve (43), cylinder head (44) and spark plug (45), it is characterized in that: described cylinder includes inflation cylinder (4) and is used for driving the actuating cylinder (41) of inflation cylinder (4), and the quantity of described inflation cylinder (4) is no less than two；Described inflation cylinder (4) is provided with for keeping what its cylinder intake valve (42), cylinder exhaust valve (43) be in closed state to close cylinder assembly (6)；The cylinder head (44) of described inflation cylinder (4) is provided with filling channel (5)；This system also includes pressurized tanks (3) and connects pipe network, and described connection pipe network is used for connecting filling channel (5), civil natural gas source of the gas (1), pressurized tanks (3) and high pressure CNG storage tank (2)；The pipeline of described connection pipe network is provided with check valve (71) and controls valve (7), the pipeline that described high pressure CNG storage tank (2) is upper and/or coupled is provided with pressure transducer (81), the pipeline that described pressurized tanks (3) is upper and/or coupled is provided with pressure transducer (81)；Described close cylinder assembly (6), spark plug (45), control valve (7), pressure transducer (81) be respectively connected in ECU, by ECU, whole gas replenishment process is controlled.
9. CNG electromotor multi-cylinder according to claim 8 is from gas charging system, it is characterised in that: the connected mode respectively inflating cylinder (4) is in parallel, series connection or series-parallel connection.
10. CNG electromotor multi-cylinder according to claim 8 or claim 9 is from gas charging system, it is characterised in that: the input channel of described pressurized tanks (3) and/or high pressure CNG storage tank (2) is provided with cooler (8).
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| WO2019018954A1 (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2019-01-31 | 邹国泉 | Isothermal compression preheating internal combustion engine |
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