CN105714039B - The annealing process and its control method of the low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium - Google Patents
The annealing process and its control method of the low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of annealing process and its control method of the low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium, and the process parameter control of the decarburizing annealing process is as follows：Cold-reduced sheet is put into annealing furnace, Atmosphere Control 85%H2+15%N2, at 30~65 DEG C, bath temperature is 60~70 DEG C for dew point control；Then 900~1180 DEG C are heated to using the firing rate more than 50 DEG C/s, 7~30min of soaking time, furnace atmosphere are adjusted to 100%N2Afterwards, take out sample and be air-cooled to room temperature.Chemical composition and inhibitor composition of the present invention for the low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium, the heating cycle, soaking time and cooling system of the high annealing of low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium are provided, that is, provides the high-temperature annealing process system and its control method of the low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of metal material preparation, more particularly to the annealing process of the low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium and its
Control method.
Background technology
Silicon steel sheet is also referred to as electromagnetic steel plate or electric steel plate, is described as " art work in steel ", is electric power, electronics and military project
Indispensable important soft magnetic alloy in cause.According to different use ranges, silicon steel can be divided into suitable for transformer
The orientation silicon steel of class directional magnetic field and the major class of non-orientation silicon steel two suitable for electric machinery rotating excitation field, wherein orientation silicon steel utilize
The magnetocrystalline anisotropy of ferrous metals and extremely strong Goss texture (i.e. { 110 }<001>Texture) cause on steel plate rolling direction
Extremely excellent magnetic property.As can be seen here, orientation silicon steel be all kinds of transformers, it is ballast, amplifier, voltage-stablizer, relay, whole
Flow the core material that the directional magnetic field electric equipment products such as device, electromagnetic switch make iron core.Orientation silicon steel mainly by its specifically into
Dividing reduces eddy-current loss, and being orientated crystal grain using Goss is rolling magnetization property excellent upwards, reduces mangneto loss and significantly carries
High magnetic strength is horizontal.
The production of orientation silicon steel at present is based primarily upon traditional process, and the inhibitor of use mainly has MnS and the classes of AlN two.By
It is higher in MnS and AlN solid solubility temperatures, so slab heating temperature causes coarse grains, silicon is in crystal boundary generally more than 1350 DEG C
Segregation, while splitting serious, the problems such as lumber recovery is low, and energy resource consumption is big, and manufacturing cost is high.With the silicon steel using AlN or MnS as inhibitor
Compare, the silicon steel using the carbonitride of niobium as major inhibitors has the goss texture of more high-orientation, more excellent magnetic property.With
Traditional inhibitors（AlN or MnS）Compare, niobium carbonitrides Nb (C, N) solid solubility temperature is relatively low, and niobium carbonitrides can reduce
AlN solid solubility temperature, so as to realize the low-temperature heat system of slab, there is energy-conservation, improve lumber recovery and extend furnace life etc.
Advantage.In the hot rolling, Nb (C, N) size of precipitation is tiny and Dispersed precipitate is in steel.Roughening after Nb (C, N) is separated out is fast
Rate is very small, will not assemble or grow up, and can keep tiny size, the ability that suppression primary recrystallization crystal grain is grown up is more
By force.But microalloy element niobium is carbide, decarburization is difficult when this will make silicon steel decarburizing annealing, while relevant
The research of the decarburizing annealing technique and high-temperature annealing process of the low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium is rarely reported, therefore there is an urgent need to develop
The decarburizing annealing of the orientation silicon steel containing niobium and high-temperature annealing process and its control method.
The content of the invention
Present invention seek to address that during the decarburizing annealing of low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium the problem of decarburization difficulty, and provide a kind of
The annealing process and its control method of the low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium, it is suitable for the decarburization of the low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium of actual production
Annealing and high-temperature annealing process and its control method, improve the magnetic property of the silicon steel containing niobium.
Technical scheme is used by the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem：
The annealing process and its control method of a kind of low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium, the technological parameter of the decarburizing annealing process
Control is as follows：Cold-reduced sheet is put into annealing furnace, Atmosphere Control 85%H2+15%N2, dew point control is at 30~65 DEG C, water
Bath temperature is 60~70 DEG C；Then 900~1180 DEG C are heated to using the firing rate more than 50 DEG C/s, soaking time 7~
30min, furnace atmosphere is adjusted to 100%N2Afterwards, take out sample and be air-cooled to room temperature.
The process parameter control of high annealing process of the present invention is as follows：Before high annealing MgO, stove are applied in surface of steel plate
Interior control climate is 85%H2+15%N2, it is rapidly heated first with 1h to 500 DEG C；Again 600 are warming up to 55~65 DEG C/h speed
~680 DEG C, it is incubated 3~4h；900 DEG C are warming up to 55~65 DEG C/h speed again, is incubated 3~4h；Again with 10~14 DEG C/h's
Speed is warming up to 1100 DEG C；Then furnace atmosphere is adjusted to 100% H2, then 1180~1240 is warming up to 10 DEG C/h speed
DEG C, it is incubated 7~10h；550 DEG C then are cooled to 55 DEG C/h speed, furnace atmosphere is finally adjusted to 100%N2Afterwards, with stove
It is cooled to room temperature.
The chemical composition of low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium of the present invention matches as follows according to percentage by weight：C：0.04~
0.06%, Si：2.8~3.40%, Mn：0.04~0.05%, Nb：0.04~0.10%, S：0.013~0.018%, N：
0.0085~0.014%, Als:0.015~0.025%, Cu：0.07~0.08%, Cr≤0.03%, P≤0.012% are remaining
Measure as Fe and inevitable impurity.
Low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium of the present invention, its main inhibitor are Nb (C, N), auxiliary inhibitor AlN, Cu2S、
(Cu, Mn) S and Grain Boundary Segregation element Cr, precipitation size is 5~55nm, and Dispersed precipitate is in the base.
The production method of the low-temperature oriented silicon steel of the present invention containing niobium, mainly include smelting, continuous casting, hot rolling, normalizing, cold
Roll, decarburizing annealing and high annealing process, wherein：Slab thickness is 180~220mm in the continuous casting working procedure；The hot rolling
Slab is rolled into the thick hot rolled plates of 1.7~2.4mm after 1150~1230 DEG C of low-temperature heats in process；In the normalizing process,
Hot rolled plate is subjected to normalizing treatment, hot rolled plate is heated to 1100 DEG C, is incubated 2.5min, furnace cooling is to 940 DEG C, insulation
3min, boiling water of then quenching cooling；In the cold rolling process, using once cold rolling method to the hot rolled plate Jing Guo normalizing treatment（It is i.e. normal
Change plate）Carry out cold rolling, Cold Rolled Plate Thickness 0.3mm.
The mentality of designing of the present invention：
The decarburizing annealing technological parameter of low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium and its control method are provided, the present invention uses Nb (C, N)
As the main inhibitor of low-temperature oriented silicon steel, because niobium is carbide, cause the decarburization of low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium
Decarburization is difficult during annealing, it is therefore desirable to it is determined that the lehr attendant formed for the chemical composition and inhibitor of the low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium
Skill parameter and its control method.The present invention is rapidly heated with the programming rate more than 50 DEG C/s, primarily to obtaining thin
Small primary recrystallization crystal grain, and make have sufficient amount of Goss crystal grain in matrix, during follow-up secondary recrystallization
Form sharp Goss { 110 }<001>Texture.According to chemical composition and the inhibitor composition of the low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium, improve
Decarburization annealing temperature and soaking time, be in order to ensure during decarburizing annealing by C percentage by weight drop to 0.003% with
Under, it is ensured that the magnetic property of finished product.
Formed for the chemical composition and inhibitor of the low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium, there is provided the high temperature of low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium
Heating cycle, soaking time and the cooling system of annealing, that is, provide the high-temperature annealing process system of the low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium
Degree and its control method.600~680 DEG C are warming up to 55~65 DEG C/h speed in high-temperature annealing process, is incubated 3~4h, it is main
If in order that ectonexine uniformly heats up, ectonexine is avoided to produce the temperature difference, and from drying separation layer；Again with 55~65 DEG C/h speed
900 DEG C are warming up to, is incubated 3~4h, mainly makes inhibitor selection roughening, and secondary recrystallization takes place；Again with 10~14
DEG C/h speed is warming up to 1100 DEG C, primarily to completing secondary recrystallization in this heating process, form sharp Goss
{110}<001>Texture；Then furnace atmosphere is adjusted to 100%H2, then with 10 DEG C/h speed it is warming up to 1180~1240 DEG C, protect
7~10h of temperature, this process are chemically reacted primarily to cleaning matrix by magnesia and superficial silicon dioxide silicon thin film, shape
Into magnesium silicate bottom, when high temperature purification is annealed, sulphur and nitrogen in removal steel etc., steel is set to be purified；Then with 55 DEG C/h
Speed be cooled to 550 DEG C, primarily to removing remaining precipitate.
It is using beneficial effect caused by above-mentioned technical proposal：1st, the present invention is used as low-temperature oriented using Nb (C, N)
The main inhibitor of silicon steel, by controlling the decarburizing annealing technological parameter of the low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium, solve low-temperature oriented containing niobium
During silicon steel decarburizing annealing the problem of decarburization difficulty；2nd, chemical composition and suppression of the present invention for the low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium
Agent forms, there is provided heating cycle, soaking time and the cooling system of the high annealing of low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium, that is, provides
The high-temperature annealing process system and its control method of the low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium；3rd, magnetic property testing result shows, using this hair
The average magnetic of low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium of bright method production can reach the performance of 30Q140 as defined in national standard GB2521-1996
Index.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Embodiment 1
Chemical composition according to present invention low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium is smelted and is cast into slab, and its chemical composition is pressed
Matched according to percentage by weight as follows：C：0.04%, Si：2.8%, Mn：0.05%, Nb：0.04%, S：0.018%, N：
0.014%, Als:0.025%, Cu：0.08%, Cr：0.03%, P：0.012%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
Slab is rolled into the thick hot rolled plates of 2.4mm after 1230 DEG C of low-temperature heats；Normalizing treatment then is carried out to hot rolled plate,
Hot rolled plate is heated to 1100 DEG C, is incubated 2.5min, furnace cooling is incubated 3min, boiling water of then quenching cooling to 940 DEG C；Using
Once cold rolling method is to the hot rolled plate Jing Guo normalizing treatment（That is normalizing plate）Carry out cold rolling, Cold Rolled Plate Thickness 0.3mm.By cold-reduced sheet
It is put into annealing furnace, Atmosphere Control 85%H2+15%N2, dew point control is 45 DEG C, and bath temperature is 60 DEG C；Then use
51 DEG C/s firing rate is heated to 900 DEG C, is incubated 30min, furnace atmosphere is adjusted into 100%N2Afterwards, sample is taken out to be air-cooled to
Room temperature.Before high annealing MgO, Atmosphere Control 85%H are applied in surface of steel plate2+15%N2, it is rapidly heated first with 1h to 500
℃；600 DEG C are warming up to 55 DEG C/h speed again, is incubated 4h；900 DEG C are warming up to 55 DEG C/h speed again, is incubated 4h；Again with
10 DEG C/h speed is warming up to 1100 DEG C；Then furnace atmosphere is adjusted to 100% hydrogen, then 1180 is warming up to 10 DEG C/h speed
DEG C, it is incubated 10h；550 DEG C then are cooled to 55 DEG C/h speed, furnace atmosphere is finally adjusted to 100%N2Afterwards, it is cold with stove
But room temperature is arrived.The iron loss P of product after tested1.7=1.389w/kg, magnetic strength B8=1.805T。
Embodiment 2
Chemical composition according to present invention low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium is smelted and is cast into slab, and its chemical composition is pressed
Matched according to percentage by weight as follows：C：0.06%, Si：3.40%, Mn：0.04%, Nb：0.10%, S：0.013%, N：
0.0085%, Als:0.015%, Cu：0.07%, Cr：0.02%, P：0.010%, surplus be Fe and inevitably it is miscellaneous
Matter.
Slab is rolled into the thick hot rolled plates of 2.2mm after 1150 DEG C of low-temperature heats；Normalizing treatment then is carried out to hot rolled plate,
Hot rolled plate is heated to 1100 DEG C, is incubated 2.5min, furnace cooling is incubated 3min, boiling water of then quenching cooling to 940 DEG C；Using
Once cold rolling method is to the hot rolled plate Jing Guo normalizing treatment（That is normalizing plate）Carry out cold rolling, Cold Rolled Plate Thickness 0.3mm.By cold-reduced sheet
It is put into annealing furnace, Atmosphere Control 85%H2+15%N2, dew point control is 30 DEG C, and bath temperature is 65 DEG C；Then use
55 DEG C/s firing rate is heated to 1180 DEG C, is incubated 7min, furnace atmosphere is adjusted into 100%N2Afterwards, sample is taken out to be air-cooled to
Room temperature.Before high annealing MgO, Atmosphere Control 85%H are applied in surface of steel plate2+15%N2, it is rapidly heated first with 1h to 500
℃；680 DEG C are warming up to 65 DEG C/h speed again, is incubated 3h；900 DEG C are warming up to 65 DEG C/h speed again, is incubated 3h；Again with
14 DEG C/h speed is warming up to 1100 DEG C；Then furnace atmosphere is adjusted to 100% hydrogen, then 1240 is warming up to 10 DEG C/h speed
DEG C, it is incubated 7h；550 DEG C then are cooled to 55 DEG C/h speed, furnace atmosphere is finally adjusted to 100%N2Afterwards, furnace cooling
To room temperature.The iron loss P of product after tested1.7=1.378w/kg, magnetic strength B8=1.816T。
Embodiment 3
Chemical composition according to present invention low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium is smelted and is cast into slab, and its chemical composition is pressed
Matched according to percentage by weight as follows：C：0.047%, Si：3.05%, Mn：0.047%, Nb：0.045%, S：0.016%, N：
0.0095%, Als:0.016%, Cu：0.074%, Cr：0.022%, P：0.009%, surplus be Fe and inevitably it is miscellaneous
Matter.
Slab is rolled into the thick hot rolled plates of 1.7mm after 1200 DEG C of low-temperature heats；Normalizing treatment then is carried out to hot rolled plate,
Hot rolled plate is heated to 1100 DEG C, is incubated 2.5min, furnace cooling is incubated 3min, boiling water of then quenching cooling to 940 DEG C；Using
Once cold rolling method is to the hot rolled plate Jing Guo normalizing treatment（That is normalizing plate）Carry out cold rolling, Cold Rolled Plate Thickness 0.3mm.By cold-reduced sheet
It is put into annealing furnace, Atmosphere Control 85%H2+15%N2, dew point control is 65 DEG C, and bath temperature is 70 DEG C；Then use
56 DEG C/s firing rate is heated to 950 DEG C, is incubated 16min, furnace atmosphere is adjusted into 100%N2Afterwards, sample is taken out to be air-cooled to
Room temperature.Before high annealing MgO, Atmosphere Control 85%H are applied in surface of steel plate2+15%N2, it is rapidly heated first with 1h to 500
℃；650 DEG C are warming up to 58 DEG C/h speed again, is incubated 3h；900 DEG C are warming up to 57 DEG C/h speed again, is incubated 3.5h；Again
1100 DEG C are warming up to 12 DEG C/h speed；Then furnace atmosphere is adjusted to 100% hydrogen, then be warming up to 10 DEG C/h speed
1200 DEG C, it is incubated 9h；550 DEG C then are cooled to 55 DEG C/h speed, furnace atmosphere is finally adjusted to 100%N2Afterwards, with stove
It is cooled to room temperature.The iron loss P of product after tested1.7=1.361w/kg, magnetic strength B8=1.827T。
Embodiment 4
Chemical composition according to present invention low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium is smelted and is cast into slab, and its chemical composition is pressed
Matched according to percentage by weight as follows：C：0.052%, Si：3.22%, Mn：0.043%, Nb：0.055%, S：0.015%, N：
0.010%, Als:0.020%, Cu：0.076%, Cr：0.023%, P：0.011%, surplus be Fe and inevitably it is miscellaneous
Matter.
Slab is rolled into the thick hot rolled plates of 2.4mm after 1230 DEG C of low-temperature heats；Normalizing treatment then is carried out to hot rolled plate,
Hot rolled plate is heated to 1100 DEG C, is incubated 2.5min, furnace cooling is incubated 3min, boiling water of then quenching cooling to 940 DEG C；Using
Once cold rolling method is to the hot rolled plate Jing Guo normalizing treatment（That is normalizing plate）Carry out cold rolling, Cold Rolled Plate Thickness 0.3mm.By cold-reduced sheet
It is put into annealing furnace, Atmosphere Control 85%H2+15%N2, dew point control is 47 DEG C, and bath temperature is 62 DEG C；Then use
53 DEG C/s firing rate is heated to 960 DEG C, is incubated 13min, furnace atmosphere is adjusted into 100%N2Afterwards, sample is taken out to be air-cooled to
Room temperature.Before high annealing MgO, Atmosphere Control 85%H are applied in surface of steel plate2+15%N2, it is rapidly heated first with 1h to 500
℃；650 DEG C are warming up to 58 DEG C/h speed again, is incubated 3.5h；900 DEG C are warming up to 62 DEG C/h speed again, is incubated 3.5h；
Again 1100 DEG C are warming up to 12 DEG C/h speed；Then furnace atmosphere is adjusted to 100% hydrogen, then be warming up to 10 DEG C/h speed
1220 DEG C, 8.5h is incubated, then 550 DEG C is cooled to 55 DEG C/h speed, furnace atmosphere is finally adjusted to 100%N2Afterwards, with
Stove is cooled to room temperature.The iron loss P of product after tested1.7=1.357w/kg, magnetic strength B8=1.836T。
Embodiment 5
Chemical composition according to present invention low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium is smelted and is cast into slab, and its chemical composition is pressed
Matched according to percentage by weight as follows：C：0.054%, Si：3.08%, Mn：0.044%, Nb：0.056%, S：0.014%, N：
0.0092%, Als:0.021%, Cu：0.074%, Cr：0.026%, P：0.008%, surplus be Fe and inevitably it is miscellaneous
Matter.
Slab is rolled into the thick hot rolled plates of 2.4mm after 1230 DEG C of low-temperature heats；Normalizing treatment then is carried out to hot rolled plate,
Hot rolled plate is heated to 1100 DEG C, is incubated 2.5min, furnace cooling is incubated 3min, boiling water of then quenching cooling to 940 DEG C；Using
Once cold rolling method is to the hot rolled plate Jing Guo normalizing treatment（That is normalizing plate）Carry out cold rolling, Cold Rolled Plate Thickness 0.3mm.By cold-reduced sheet
It is put into annealing furnace, Atmosphere Control 85%H2+15%N2, dew point control is 48 DEG C, and bath temperature is 62 DEG C；Then use
52 DEG C/s firing rate is heated to 1020 DEG C, is incubated 10min, furnace atmosphere is adjusted into 100%N2Afterwards, sample air cooling is taken out
To room temperature.Before high annealing MgO, Atmosphere Control 85%H are applied in surface of steel plate2+15%N2, first with 1h be rapidly heated to
500℃；660 DEG C are warming up to 61 DEG C/h speed again, is incubated 3.2h；900 DEG C are warming up to 56 DEG C/h speed again, insulation
3h；Again 1100 DEG C are warming up to 11 DEG C/h speed；Then furnace atmosphere is adjusted to 100%H2, then be warming up to 10 DEG C/h speed
1210 DEG C, it is incubated 9.5h；550 DEG C then are cooled to 55 DEG C/h speed, furnace atmosphere is finally adjusted to 100%N2Afterwards, with
Stove is cooled to room temperature.The iron loss P of product after tested1.7=1.328w/kg, magnetic strength B8=1.831T。
The magnetic property testing result of finished product of the embodiment of the present invention shows, low-temperature oriented containing niobium using the inventive method production
Silicon steel average magnetic can reach the performance indications of 30Q140 as defined in national standard GB2521-1996.
Claims (2)
1. the annealing process and its control method of the low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium, it is characterised in that the low-temperature oriented silicon steel containing niobium
Chemical composition matches as follows according to percentage by weight：C：0.04~0.06%, Si：2.8~3.40%, Mn：0.04~0.05%,
Nb：0.04~0.10%, S：0.013~0.018%, N：0.0085~0.014%, Als:0.015~0.025%, Cu：
0.07~0.08%, Cr≤0.03%, P≤0.012%, surplus are Fe and inevitable impurity, and its main inhibitor is Nb
(C, N), auxiliary inhibitor AlN, Cu2S, (Cu, Mn) S and Grain Boundary Segregation element Cr, precipitation size are 5~55nm, and more
Scattered distribution is in the base；It includes smelting, continuous casting, hot rolling, normalizing, cold rolling, decarburizing annealing and high annealing process, described de-
The process parameter control of carbon annealing operation is as follows：Cold-reduced sheet is put into annealing furnace, Atmosphere Control 85%H2+15%N2, dew
At 30~65 DEG C, bath temperature is 60~70 DEG C for point control；Then 900 are heated to using the firing rate more than 50 DEG C/s~
1180 DEG C, 7~30min of soaking time, furnace atmosphere is adjusted to 100%N2Afterwards, take out sample and be air-cooled to room temperature.
2. the annealing process and its control method of the low-temperature oriented silicon steel according to claim 1 containing niobium, it is characterised in that institute
The process parameter control for stating high annealing process is as follows：Before high annealing MgO, Atmosphere Control 85% are applied in surface of steel plate
H2+15%N2, it is rapidly heated first with 1h to 500 DEG C；Again 600~680 DEG C are warming up to 55~65 DEG C/h speed, insulation 3~
4h；900 DEG C are warming up to 55~65 DEG C/h speed again, is incubated 3~4h；Again 1100 are warming up to 10~14 DEG C/h speed
℃；Then furnace atmosphere is adjusted to 100% H2, then with 10 DEG C/h speed it is warming up to 1180~1240 DEG C, it is incubated 7~10h；With
550 DEG C are cooled to 55 DEG C/h speed afterwards, furnace atmosphere is finally adjusted to 100%N2Afterwards, furnace cooling is to room temperature.
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