CN105711095B - The support meanss and 3 D-printing method of 3 D-printing - Google Patents

The support meanss and 3 D-printing method of 3 D-printing Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105711095B
CN105711095B CN201610157030.2A CN201610157030A CN105711095B CN 105711095 B CN105711095 B CN 105711095B CN 201610157030 A CN201610157030 A CN 201610157030A CN 105711095 B CN105711095 B CN 105711095B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
printing
support
supporting plate
elevating lever
support meanss
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN201610157030.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN105711095A (en
Inventor
沈洪垚
叶潇祥
孙嘉振
邹飞
邹一飞
朱雨贺
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Priority to CN201610157030.2A priority Critical patent/CN105711095B/en
Publication of CN105711095A publication Critical patent/CN105711095A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN105711095B publication Critical patent/CN105711095B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of support meanss of 3 D-printing, including:Frame;Support unit, is made up of the splicing of polylith supporting plate, is arranged in the underface in the three-dimensionally shaped region of three-dimensional printer;Lifting unit, in frame, the threedimensional model to be printed is supported for the Support Position needed for driving the supporting plate to be moved to each;The invention also discloses a kind of 3 D-printing method;Apparatus and method of the present invention can replace original printing support, save material, improve printing effect, while support section is substituted by outside machinery, optimize original printer algorithm structure, controllability is good.

Description

The support meanss and 3 D-printing method of 3 D-printing
Technical field
The present invention relates to three-dimensional printing technology field, the more particularly to support meanss of 3 D-printing and 3 D-printing side Method.
Background technology
Fused deposition modeling 3 D-printing (FDM) technology refer to by printed material be heated to a certain temperature more than material melting point it Afterwards, melt material is sticky semi liquid state.Printed material is extruded by nozzle, touch platform or the material that prints before after drop Temperature solidification, forms one layer of solid.Under program control, this process repeatedly, stacks out the threedimensional model of requirement in layer Solid structure, be most widely used three-dimensional printing technology at present.
FDM operation principle is will to be processed into thread hot-melt material (ABS, PLA, wax etc.) to be sent into heat through wire feeder Mouth is meltblown, filamentary material is heated melting in nozzle, while shower nozzle is moved along part synusia profile and filling track, and will be molten Melt material extrusion, make its coagulation forming behind the position that deposition is specified on the table, bonded with the molded material of preceding layer Layer upon layer ultimately forms product model.
FDM systems can be divided into according to its operation principle by five parts:Shower nozzle, wire feeder, motion, heating Platform, workbench.At present, FDM technology is widely used to the industries such as machinery, automobile, Aero-Space, medical treatment, art and building, Product development, the characteristics of part manufacture view has quick, easy, accurate enormously simplify processing technology, shorten product week Phase, and compared with conventional fabrication processes have great superiority in the manufacture view of some complex parts, function part.
Meanwhile, FDM technology also has some limitations, when there is suspending part in the model for needing to print (in model Certain part under be it is empty, such as bridge), fusing material extrusion after nowhere set also can not just shape, asked to solve this Topic, printer needs first to print enough supporting modules, and supporting module is independently of the model that need to be printed, for the model that need to print Suspending part provides fixation point.After the completion of model printing, suspending part is solidified as solid, now just can remove supporting module.
Supporting module must meet two conditions, and one is stabilized structure, and foot can be provided for the suspending part for the model that need to be printed Enough and stable support forces;Two be to be easily removed, it is impossible to need to print model bonding it is too tight so that model solidification after can not shell From.But this supporting construction expends the time, silk is wasted, and remove inconvenience.
Supporting construction can be reduced by improving material or improving process route when printing at present, for example, apply for public The A of cloth CN 105058798 patent document discloses a kind of supporting module and its generation method of fused deposition modeling 3 D-printing. The supporting module is used for the suspending part for supporting the model for needing 3 D-printing.The supporting module includes many of spaced arrangement Individual support unit, to provide multiple fixation points to a suspending part.The supporting module is compared to conventional supporting module, energy Enough while the performance of support is kept, more easily removed from the suspending part of model.
But new material is expensive, and modified technique can cause program complicated, and the engine that prevents to increase income is from meeting printing It is required that.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of support meanss of 3 D-printing, by liftable supporting plate replace it is original the need for Printing and the supporting module of separation, simplify original program, improve printing effect, while solving asking for silk waste Topic.
A kind of support meanss of 3 D-printing, including:
Frame;
Support unit, is made up of the splicing of polylith supporting plate, is arranged in the underface in the three-dimensionally shaped region of three-dimensional printer;
Lifting unit, in frame, the Support Position support needed for for driving the supporting plate to be moved to each The threedimensional model to be printed.
The support meanss of the present invention set in the underface in the three-dimensionally shaped region of three-dimensional printer and spelled by polylith supporting plate Connect the support unit of composition, and set lifting unit control the supporting plate be moved to each needed for Support Position support want The threedimensional model of printing, so that existing printing support is substituted, it is simple in construction, it is easy to use, printed material is saved, simplifies printing Program, effectively improves printing effect.
For the ease of calculating, controlling and install manufacture, it is preferred that the supporting plate is rectangle and polylith supporting plate matrix is arranged Cloth.Matrix arrangement is simple, is not only convenient for manufacture and installs, while being also more easy to be automatically controlled.
The amount of calculation controlled for convenience using reducing simultaneously, it is preferred that the size of the matrix arrangement is 3~12 × 3 ~12.
In order to improve the control accuracy of lifting unit, it is preferred that the lifting unit includes being located at immediately below support unit Multiple correspondences supporting plate arrangement elevating mechanism, each elevating mechanism includes:
Rotating power source;Can be using the linear stepping motor for being easy to purchase.
First screw-driven part, one end is fixedly connected with the clutch end of rotating power source;
Second screw-driven part, coordinates with the first screw-driven part screw-driven;
Elevating lever, one end is connected with the free end of the second screw-driven part, and the other end is fixed with corresponding support back Connection;
Guide frame, for guiding elevating lever to move up and down.
First screw-driven part and the second screw-driven part generally be respectively screw rod and nut, can be as needed It is interchangeable.
Above-mentioned elevating mechanism is simple in construction, easy to control.
In order to improve control accuracy, the positioning precision of supporting plate is improved, it is preferred that the support meanss also include limiting rising The position-limiting unit of bar horizontal level drops, and the position-limiting unit is arranged close to one end of supporting plate.Position-limiting unit can use axle Nested structure, clamp structure etc..
It is preferred that, the position-limiting unit includes:
Upper limit plate, is fixedly connected with frame, provided with multiple upper avoidance holes, and each upper hole that avoids is provided with and corresponding lifting The upper limit flange that bar coordinates;
Lower limiting board, be fixedly connected with frame and with upper limit plate arranged for interval, provided with multiple lower avoidance holes, it is each under keep away Allow hole that the lower limit flange coordinated with corresponding elevating lever is installed.
Up and down two layers it is spacing, effectively improve locating effect of the position-limiting unit to supporting plate, improve the support positioning of supporting plate Precision.
In order to improve the precision and stability of guiding, it is preferred that the guide frame is multiple and elevating lever corresponding matching Guide bearing, the elevating lever be provided with axially extends and with guide bearing roll coordinate guiding tangent plane.Pass through the axis of guide Hold and coordinate with being oriented to tangent plane, limitation elevating lever is rotated, realize that elevating lever is stable and drive supporting plate to move up and down, guide bearing can be with Using most common rolling bearing.
Manufacture and install for convenience, make device more compact, it is preferred that the both sides of the lower limiting board are separately installed with phase To the bearing pressed seat of arrangement, many horizontally disposed rotating shafts are installed between two bearings pressed seat, the guide bearing is installed In correspondence rotating shaft.
Present invention also offers a kind of 3 D-printing method, using above-mentioned support meanss, comprise the following steps:
(1) before printing starts, the supporting plate of support unit returns to initial position;
(2) support zone of threedimensional model to be printed is calculated;
(3) according to the result of calculation of step (2), the support level that control lifting unit driving supporting plate is moved to needed for each Put;
(4) threedimensional model is printed.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The support meanss of the present invention can replace original printing support, save material, improve printing effect, simultaneously Support section is substituted by outside machinery, optimizes original printer algorithm structure, controllability is good.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the support meanss of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the rolling bearing in the present invention compresses the dimensional structure diagram that elevating lever prevents from rotating.
Fig. 3 is the dimensional structure diagram of the framework in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the lifting unit of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the partial schematic sectional view of Fig. 4 part A.
Fig. 6 is confined explosion's schematic diagram of Fig. 4 part B.
Fig. 7 is the dimensional structure diagram of the support meanss of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the workflow diagram of the support meanss of the present invention.
In figure:1st, movable jacking block panel, 2, movable jacking block bottom plate, 3, elevating lever, 4, upper limit plate, 5, stop flange, 6, Connecting pole, 7, bearing pressed seat, 8, bearing rotating shaft is installed, 9, rolling bearing, 10, lower limiting board, 11, polished rod nut shaft coupling, 12nd, motor nut, 13, connection bearing plate, 14, motor mount plate, 15, linear stepping motor, 16, threedimensional model.
Embodiment
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, support meanss of the invention include movable jacking block panel 1, movable jacking block bottom plate 2, elevating lever 3, Upper limit plate 4, stop flange 5, connecting pole 6, bearing pressed seat 7, bearing install rotating shaft 8, rolling bearing 9, lower limiting board 10, light Stem nut shaft coupling 11, motor nut 12, connection bearing plate 13, motor mount plate 14 and linear stepping motor 15.
As shown in figure 1, as the power source of lifting unit, linear stepping motor 15 passes through the screw and motor on its end face Installation seat plate 14 is screwed connection.Support unit includes the supporting plate that polylith is spliced into complete print scope, and supporting plate is by living Dynamic jacking block panel 1 and movable jacking block bottom plate 2 are constituted, and in the present embodiment, supporting plate is installed in the frame by 6 × 6 square formation, framework Including the motor mount plate 14 being fixedly connected, connection bearing plate 13, lower limiting board 11, upper limit plate and connecting pole 6.Lifting The elevating lever 3 of unit and the interference fits of stop flange 5 installed on the upper and lower spacing hole of upper limit plate 4 and lower limiting board 10.
As shown in Fig. 2 the bottom surface auger shell hole of bearing pressed seat 7, between upper limit plate 4 and lower limiting board 10, perpendicular to On the installation direction of connecting pole 6, it is connected with the through hole on the side of the end face of lower limiting board 10 with sunk screw.6 bearings, which are installed, to be turned Axle 8 is arranged between two pieces of bearing pressed seats 7, and every bearing is installed and is cased with 6 rolling bearings 9 in rotating shaft 8, and rolling bearing 9 is used In the plane ground in the axial direction for compressing elevating lever 3, its axial rotation is prevented.
As shown in figure 3, by upper limit plate 4, lower limiting board 10, stop flange 5, connecting pole 6, motor mount plate 14 connects Connect bearing plate 13 and connect and compose framework.Upper limit plate 4 on the end face side of lower limiting board 10 with being provided with through hole;6 liang of connecting pole Multi-diameter shaft is opened at end, can be coordinated with through hole.Auger shell hole on the side end face of bearing plate 13 is connected, the end face side of motor mount plate 14 is bored Through hole, and connect bearing plate 13 and be threadedly coupled respectively with motor mount plate 14 and lower limiting board 10.Upper limit plate 4 and lower limit Unthreaded hole in the middle part of the end face of plate 10 is coaxial, each unthreaded hole and stop flange 5 (including upper limit flange and lower limit flange) transition Coordinate, each end face of stop flange 5 is separately fixed on upper limit plate 4 and lower limiting board 10 with threaded connection.
As shown in figure 4, by linear stepping motor 15, motor nut 12, polished rod nut shaft coupling 11 and elevating lever 3 constitute list Individual lifting unit.Movable jacking block panel 1 and movable jacking block bottom plate 2 constitute the top that supporting plate is arranged on elevating lever 3, elevating lever 3 End face holes drilled through rear enclosure is on the screw rod of linear stepping motor 15.The screw rod of linear stepping motor 15 passes through motor nut 12 and light The connection of stem nut shaft coupling 11 is combined with elevating lever 3.The side of linear stepping motor 15 is parallel with the movable side of jacking block panel 1.
It is interference fitted as shown in figure 5,11 1, polished rod nut shaft coupling bores shoulder hole with elevating lever 3, the end face of the other end Auger shell hole is threadedly coupled with motor nut 12.
As shown in fig. 6, the top of elevating lever 3 coordinates with blind hole gap middle on movable jacking block panel 1, movable jacking block bottom plate The through hole coordinated with elevating lever 3 is provided with the middle of 2 and groove is opened in side, the holding screw rotated on its side groove can clamp lifting Bar 3;Movable jacking block panel 1 is threadedly coupled with movable jacking block bottom plate 2, and blind hole is provided with the bottom surface corner of movable jacking block panel 1, with Through hole mode connects for screw on the corner of movable jacking block bottom plate 2.
The host computer of three-dimensional printer with the present embodiment will order and pass on motor chip the support for controlling the present invention Device is moved.Because elevating lever 3 can not axially be rotated, under the drive screw turns of linear stepping motor 15, motor nut 12 leads to Cross polished rod nut shaft coupling 11 and realize elevating movement through stop flange 5 with elevating lever 3.
As shown in figure 8, the specific workflow for carrying out 3 D-printing using the support meanss of the present embodiment is as follows:
1) before printing starts, all supporting plates return to zero point (initial position).
2) the part 3D solid designed by CAD design system imports upper computer software in stl file form and handled.
3) stl file is carried out hierarchy slicing processing, the necessary two-dimensional part layer profile information of generation processing by host computer.
4) to ensure to print the stability that part makes, vertical height of the support zone apart from zero point needed for host computer is calculated Degree, is converted into the corner of corresponding linear stepping motor 15.
5) host computer is transmitted instructions on single-chip microcomputer, passes through the linear stepping motor 15 of MCU driving corresponding position Rotate.
6) motor nut 12 passes through polished rod nut shaft coupling 11 under the drive of the screw rod of the linear stepping motor 15 of rotation By the jack-up of elevating lever 3, elevating movement is realized.
7) activity of elevating lever 3 drives supporting plate lifting.
8) auxiliary support structure of part is ultimately formed, as shown in fig. 7, printer starts printing.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of support meanss of 3 D-printing, it is characterised in that including:
Frame;
Support unit, is made up of the splicing of polylith supporting plate, is arranged in the underface in the three-dimensionally shaped region of three-dimensional printer;
Lifting unit, in frame, is wanted for the Support Position support needed for driving the supporting plate to be moved to each The threedimensional model of printing;
The lifting unit includes being located at the elevating mechanism of multiple correspondences supporting plate arrangement immediately below support unit, each Elevating mechanism includes:
Rotating power source;
First screw-driven part, one end is fixedly connected with the clutch end of rotating power source;
Second screw-driven part, coordinates with the first screw-driven part screw-driven;
Elevating lever, one end is connected with the free end of the second screw-driven part, and the other end is fixedly connected with corresponding support back;
Guide frame, for guiding elevating lever to move up and down.
2. the support meanss of 3 D-printing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the supporting plate is rectangle and polylith Supporting plate matrix is arranged.
3. the support meanss of 3 D-printing as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the size of the matrix arrangement is 3 ~12 × 3~12.
4. the support meanss of 3 D-printing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the support meanss also include limiting The position-limiting unit of elevating lever horizontal level, the position-limiting unit is arranged close to one end of supporting plate.
5. the support meanss of 3 D-printing as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the position-limiting unit includes:
Upper limit plate, is fixedly connected with frame, provided with multiple upper avoidance holes, and each upper avoidance hole is provided with matches somebody with somebody with corresponding elevating lever The upper limit flange of conjunction;
Lower limiting board, be fixedly connected with frame and with upper limit plate arranged for interval, it is each lower to avoid hole provided with multiple lower avoidance holes The lower limit flange coordinated with corresponding elevating lever is installed.
6. the support meanss of 3 D-printing as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the guide frame is to be multiple with rising The guide bearing of bar corresponding matching drops, and the elevating lever is provided with to axially extend and roll the guiding coordinated with guide bearing and cut Face.
7. the support meanss of 3 D-printing as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the both sides difference of the lower limiting board It is provided between bearing pressed seat positioned opposite, two bearings pressed seat and many horizontally disposed rotating shafts is installed, the guiding Bearing is arranged in correspondence rotating shaft.
8. a kind of 3 D-printing method, it is characterised in that filled using the support as described in claim 1~7 any claim Put, comprise the following steps:
(1) before printing starts, the supporting plate of support unit returns to initial position;
(2) support zone of threedimensional model to be printed is calculated;
(3) according to the result of calculation of step (2), the Support Position that control lifting unit driving supporting plate is moved to needed for each;
(4) threedimensional model is printed.
CN201610157030.2A 2016-03-18 2016-03-18 The support meanss and 3 D-printing method of 3 D-printing Expired - Fee Related CN105711095B (en)

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