CN105708494B - A kind of blood pressure measuring method based on ultrasound - Google Patents
A kind of blood pressure measuring method based on ultrasound Download PDFInfo
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- CN105708494B CN105708494B CN201610057604.9A CN201610057604A CN105708494B CN 105708494 B CN105708494 B CN 105708494B CN 201610057604 A CN201610057604 A CN 201610057604A CN 105708494 B CN105708494 B CN 105708494B
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- A61B8/04—Measuring blood pressure
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
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Abstract
The present invention relates to ultrasonic imaging field, in particular to a kind of blood pressure measuring method based on ultrasound.Traditional D mode imaging method (Pulsed-Wave Doppler spectral imaging method) is compared, blood pressure measuring method provided by the invention carries out sub-sampling division by I/Q signal of N number of sub-sampling window comprising the full depth bounds of blood vessel to acquisition, and blood flowing speed information in the full depth bounds of blood vessel everywhere is further operated to obtain by the I/Q signal in each sub-sampling window being carried out that time-domain is compound, frequency domain conversion, frequency domain are compound etc., and then calculate the blood pressure information of tested patient and blood pressure shakes index；Since this method is simultaneously to progress child window sampling in the full depth bounds of blood vessel, obtain the blood flow information of each position in the full depth bounds of blood vessel, therefore, user can choose the blood flow information distribution for obtaining entire blood vessel, so as to easily and accurately calculate the blood pressure information and blood pressure shake index of tested patient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ultrasonic imaging field, in particular to a kind of blood pressure measuring method based on ultrasound.
Background technique
Blood pressure is directly related with many blood flow diseases, such as artery sclerosis, blood vessel congestion, cerebral insufficiency etc., and traditional
Ultrasonic Blood diagnosis in, doctor mostly uses ultrasonic B-mode imaging results or D mode that (also known as Pulsed-Wave Doppler frequency spectrum is imaged
Imaging) result diagnoses blood flow disease, and due to technical restriction, existing D mode imaging only includes 1 sub- sample window mostly
Mouthful, at the same the range that the sub-sampling window includes it is very small (under D mode, can only observe in sub-sampling window blood flow letter
Breath), therefore it is only capable of obtaining child window regional flow flow, therefore can not accurately calculate to the pressure value of tested patient；
Some traditional blood pressure measuring methods (such as mercury column mensuration) are indirect measurement method simultaneously, and measurement accuracy is limited.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome in existing D mode imaging (Pulsed-Wave Doppler spectral imaging) technology, due to
Technical restriction, only a sub- sampling window and causing is only capable of obtaining the blood flow information in sub-sampling window ranges, and then cannot
It is enough that the pressure value to tested patient is carried out to accurately calculate problem, a kind of more sub-sampling windows comprising the full depth information of blood vessel are provided
The blood pressure measuring method of mouth.
Herein, vessel depth refer to tested vessel cross-sections diametrically any point to a selected end of the diameter away from
From value.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides following technical schemes:
A kind of blood pressure measuring method based on ultrasound,
It is tested endovascular feedback radiofrequency signal certainly comprising receiving acquisition, and by the radiofrequency signal after Hilbert transform
The step of obtaining discrete I/Q signal；
Also comprise the following steps:
Discrete I/Q signal is subjected to sub-sampling division by N number of sub-sampling door, N number of sub-sampling door includes all deep of blood vessel
Spend range；N number of sub-sampling door can be non-cross or be slightly intersected；N is 2 or more natural numbers；
I/Q signal sequence in each sub-sampling door is subjected to compound time-domain signal, wall filter filtering, frequency domain conversion,
Generate frequency-region signal；
Amplitude spectrum is calculated from the frequency-region signal obtained；
T is calculated according to amplitude spectrumjBlood flow velocity distributed intelligence V (k, the t at momentj)；
By blood flow velocity distributed intelligence V (k, tj) integral obtain blood flow flow；
According to blood flow flow and the real-time area of section of tested blood vessel is combined to calculate blood pressure.
Further, the number N of sub-sampling door is determined by vessel depth and the impulse wave wavelength, i.e.,Due to sound physical properties constraint, the velocity estimation in an impulse wave wavelength is can not be again
Point, so achieved most accurate velocity estimation is an impulse wave wavelength at present, so a sub- sampling gate, is
The length of the length of at least one impulse wave wavelength or multiple impulse wave wavelength.
Preferably, the number of sub-sampling door takes qualified maximum even number, from the foregoing, it will be observed that the optimum length of sub-sampling door
It should be the length of an impulse wave wavelength, but show and calculate for the ease of subsequent image, it is preferably that vessel depth is symmetrical
It divides, i.e., respectively has N/2 sub- sampling gates from blood vessel center to two sides.
Further, the size (i.e. sample variance signal number in a pulse wavelength) of sub-sampling door is by formulaIt obtains, wherein m is the pulse signal number for including in the impulse wave for detection, is 1 or more natural
Number, FsIt is sample frequency, FcIt is the centre frequency of pulse signal, the sampled point for each pulse signal, in each wavelength
Number=sample frequency/(2* signal center frequency)；Therefore for the impulse wave comprising m pulse signal, group sampling gate
Length when being signal wavelength, the discrete sampling points for including in each sub-sampling door areIt is a, it, can be under some embodiments
Pass through formulaDetermine the number of sub-sampling door N,Wherein, NnumFor collected radiofrequency signal
Length, i.e., the number of collected discrete signal from blood vessel；In Fs、FcAnd under the premise of tested blood vessel diameter is identical,
Further, the time-domain signal is compound uses formula sk(i)=∑ s (i, k) is carried out, and wherein i indicates IQ letter
Discrete serial number number in time, k is the serial number of sub-sampling door；S (i, k) indicates that the IQ at i moment in k-th of sub-sampling door is original
Signal, sk(i) signal after time-domain meets operation is indicated.
Further, I/Q signal is converted into frequency-region signal using formulaIt carries out；
Wherein, W indicates the window size of Short-time Window Fourier transformation,Frequency-region signal after indicating conversion.
Further, in the step of obtaining amplitude spectrum imaging, the amplitude spectrum passes through formulaIt obtains.
Further, any t is calculated according to amplitude spectrumjBlood flow velocity distributed intelligence V (k, the t at momentj) using following public
Formula:Wherein, ViIndicate tjK-th of sub-sampling door amplitude spectrum P of momentk(T, ω) is corresponding
Blood speed；
Further, in the step of blood flow velocity distributed intelligence V (k, T) integral being obtained blood flow flow, blood flow flow:Discrete representation isWherein, r is sub-sampling
Gate-width degree, R are tested vessel radius.
Further, further include the steps that carrying out angle modification to blood flow flow；Revised blood flow flowS indicates the heart contraction moment in single heartbeat period, and d was indicated in the heartbeat period
Diastolic time；α indicates the angle between vascular wall and sub-sampling door.
Further, it in the step of calculating blood pressure according to blood flow flow and the tested real-time area of section of blood vessel of combination, is tested
The real-time area of section of blood vesselIt obtains, wherein d (t) is tested blood vessel diameter with time of measuring variation function；
Blood pressure of the tested blood vessel in time of measuring any timeIn formula, ρ is blood
Current density, A0For initial vascular cross-section area, p0For initial blood pressure.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention: with traditional D mode imaging method (Pulsed-Wave Doppler frequency
Spectrum imaging method) it compares, blood pressure measuring method provided by the invention passes through N number of sub-sampling window comprising the full depth bounds of blood vessel
Sub-sampling division is carried out to the I/Q signal of acquisition, and further by the way that the I/Q signal in each sub-sampling window is carried out the time
Domain is compound, frequency domain conversion, frequency domain are compound etc. operates to obtain blood flowing speed information in the full depth bounds of blood vessel everywhere, and then calculates quilt
The blood pressure information and blood pressure for surveying patient shake index；Since this method simultaneously adopts progress child window in the full depth bounds of blood vessel
Sample obtains the blood flow information of each position in the full depth bounds of blood vessel, and therefore, user can choose the blood flow for obtaining entire blood vessel
Information distribution, so as to easily and accurately calculate the blood pressure information and blood pressure shake index of tested patient；
Compared with traditional mercury column type blood pressure measuring method etc. indirectly pressure testing method, blood pressure measuring method provided by the invention
It is the direct measurement to blood pressure, therefore error is smaller, anti-interference ability is stronger.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the blood pressure illustrated example corresponding with time of measuring being calculated.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.But this should not be interpreted as to this
The range for inventing above-mentioned theme is only limitted to embodiment below, all to belong to the present invention based on the technology that the content of present invention is realized
Range.
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment provides a kind of blood pressure measuring methods based on ultrasound；It comprises the following steps:
S100: it receives acquisition and is tested endovascular feedback radiofrequency signal certainly, and by the radiofrequency signal through Hilbert transform
After the step of obtaining discrete I/Q signal；The feedback radiofrequency signal is the pulsed ultrasonic wave emitted according to predetermined pulse repetition rate
Feedback radiofrequency signal after being detected to blood vessel.
In this step, the following formula of process for obtaining discrete I/Q signal by Hilbert transform is expressed:
Wherein, FcIt is the centre frequency of each pulse signal in impulse wave, FsIt is sample frequency, NnumBelieve for the radio frequency of acquisition
Number length, i.e., the number of collected discrete signal from blood vessel；Such as, when sample frequency is that (each second samples 20M to 20MHz
A sampled point) when, the rate of sound wave pulse wave is 1540m/s (spread speed of sound in human body), then in sampling frequency
It is per cm to have 260 sampled points under rate, it is assumed that arteria carotis width is 0.8cm, then at this point, the length of the radiofrequency signal of acquisition
Spend Nnum=0.8*260=208 sampled point.I.e. the length of I/Q signal is 208.
S101: carrying out low-pass filtering by low-pass filter for the discrete I/Q signal, straight in signal for filtering out
Flow component and idling frequency.Optionally, low pass IIR filter (Low pass IIR filter) can be used and complete this step.
S200: discrete I/Q signal is subjected to sub-sampling division by N number of sub-sampling door, N number of sub-sampling door includes blood vessel
Full depth range；N is 2 or more natural numbers；Preferably, in the present embodiment, the number of sub-sampling door is to meetMaximum even number, and N number of sub-sampling door is non-cross；Due to vessel depth be far longer than it is super
Ping wave wavelength, it can be considered that the gate-width of each sub-sampling door is impulse wave wavelength in the present embodiment；Sub-sampling door
The advantages of number is even number is the display for facilitating calculating and image in subsequent process, preferably symmetrically divides vessel depth,
Respectively there are N/2 sub- sampling gates from blood vessel center to two sides.
After the division of this step sub-sampling, the sampled point formula that includes in each sub-sampling doorIt obtains
, wherein m is the pulse signal number for including in the impulse wave for detection, is 1 or more natural number, FsIt is sample frequency,
FcIt is the centre frequency of pulse signal, for each pulse signal, sampling number=sample frequency in each wavelength/
(2* signal center frequency)；Therefore for the impulse wave comprising m pulse signal, the length of group sampling gate is signal wave
When long, the discrete sampling points for including in each sub-sampling door are
S300: compound, wall filter filtering, frequency domain by the I/Q signal sequence progress time-domain signal in each sub-sampling door
Conversion generates frequency-region signal；The purpose for using wall filter to be filtered is the low velocity flow information and low speed in proposition signal
Histokinesis's information, to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of succeeding spectral signal.
The time-domain signal is compound to use formula sk(i)=∑ s (i, k) is carried out, and wherein i indicates I/Q signal in time
Discrete serial number, k is the serial number of sub-sampling door；S (i, k) indicates the IQ original signal at i moment in k-th of sub-sampling door, sk(i)
Indicate the signal after time-domain meets operation.
It is to be realized using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) that I/Q signal, which is converted to frequency-region signal, specific formula are as follows:Wherein, W indicates the window size of Short-time Window Fourier transformation,It indicates to turn
Frequency-region signal after changing.
S400: it is imaged after calculating amplitude spectrum in the frequency-region signal obtained；The amplitude spectrum passes through formulaIt obtains.
S500: t is calculated according to amplitude spectrumjThe blood flow velocity distributed intelligence at moment
Wherein, ViIndicate tjK-th of sub-sampling door amplitude spectrum P of momentk(T, ω) corresponding blood speed；；
S600: by blood flow velocity distributed intelligence V (k, tj) integral obtain blood flow flow
Discrete representation isWherein, r is sub-sampling gate-width degree, and R is tested vessel radius, excellent
S601: angle modification is carried out to blood flow flow；Revised blood flow flowS indicates single
At the contraction moment of systolic cycle, d is indicated but the diastole moment of systolic cycle, α indicate vascular wall and sub-sampling door it
Between angle.
S602: blood flow flow jitter index, blood flow flow jitter index are calculated
Wherein NhFor cardiac cycle number, xi-bfIndicate blood flow flow when single cardiac cycle number, ubfFor the blood flow during entirely measuring
Flow average value, works as IndexbfValue may indicate that whether blood flow flow stable, e.g., work as IndexbfIt (is greater than when larger
90,100 or 120；Determined depending on concrete condition), it is believed that blood flow instability of flow.
S700: according to blood flow flow and the real-time area of section of tested blood vessel is combined to calculate blood pressure；In this step, it is tested blood
Manage real-time area of sectionIt obtains, wherein d (t) is tested blood vessel diameter with time of measuring variation function；
Blood pressure of the tested blood vessel in time of measuring any timeIn formula, ρ is blood
Current density, A0For initial vascular cross-section area, p0For initial blood pressure.
Wherein, d (t) is obtained with the following method: defining Cm(t) the vascular wall boundary of estimated location is needed for m-th,
Finding formula isWherein λ is a constant, is used for normalization data, is led to
It crosses and d (t) function distribution situation can be obtained to the maximum value solution of above formula.Fig. 2 is the blood pressure being calculated and time of measuring
Corresponding illustrated example.
S701: further include the steps that calculating blood stream pressure shake index, so that quantitative expression is tested the heart blood pressure of patient
Whether stable, formula is as followsWherein, xi-bpIndicate the pressure value at certain moment,
ubpAverage blood pressure during Surface testing, Nh-bpIndicate observation frequency；IndexbpIt is bigger, show that blood pressure is more unstable.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of blood flow velocity distributed intelligence calculation method based on ultrasound,
It is tested endovascular feedback radiofrequency signal certainly comprising receiving acquisition, and the radiofrequency signal is obtained after Hilbert transform
The step of discrete I/Q signal；
It is characterized in that, also comprising the following steps:
Discrete I/Q signal is subjected to sub-sampling division by N number of sub-sampling door, N number of sub-sampling door includes all deep of tested blood vessel
Spend range；N is 2 or more natural numbers；
I/Q signal sequence in each sub-sampling door is subjected to compound time-domain signal, wall filter filtering, frequency domain conversion, is generated
Frequency-region signal；
Amplitude spectrum is calculated from the frequency-region signal obtained；
T is calculated according to amplitude spectrumjBlood flow velocity distributed intelligence V (k, the t at momentj)；
Wherein, the number N of sub-sampling door is determined by vessel depth and impulse wave wavelength, i.e.,
The number of sub-sampling door takes qualified maximum even number；
The size of sub-sampling door is by formulaIt obtains, wherein m is the pulse for including in the impulse wave for detection
Signal number is 1 or more natural number, FsIt is sample frequency, FcIt is the centre frequency of pulse signal.
2. blood flow velocity distributed intelligence calculation method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the time-domain signal is compound
Using formula sk(i)=∑ s (i, k) is carried out, and wherein i indicates the discrete serial number of I/Q signal in time, and k is the sequence of sub-sampling door
Number；S (i, k) indicates the IQ original signal at i moment in k-th of sub-sampling door, sk(i) it indicates after time-domain composition operation
Signal.
3. blood flow velocity distributed intelligence calculation method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the step of frequency domain is converted
To be realized using Short-time Window Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), specific formula are as follows:Wherein, w
Indicate the window size of Short-time Window Fourier transformation,Frequency-region signal after indicating conversion.
4. blood flow velocity distributed intelligence calculation method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that obtain amplitude spectrum imaging
In step, the amplitude spectrum passes through formulaIt obtains.
5. blood flow velocity distributed intelligence calculation method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that calculated and appointed according to amplitude spectrum
Anticipate tjBlood flow velocity distributed intelligence V (k, the t at momentj) use following formula:Wherein, ViTable
Show tjK-th of sub-sampling door amplitude spectrum P of momentk(t, ω) corresponding blood speed.
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| US20180092622A1 (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Phased Array for Detecting Artery Location to Measure Blood Velocity |
| CN108078590B (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2021-02-09 | 声泰特（成都）科技有限公司 | Hemodynamic visualization method and system based on ultrasonic spectrum Doppler |
| CN112515704B (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2022-07-19 | 声泰特（成都）科技有限公司 | Blood vessel hardness measuring method based on ultrasound |
| WO2023092329A1 (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2023-06-01 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Blood pressure measurement system and method based on single array-element ultrasonic pulse echo |
| CN114287967B (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2023-12-29 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Blood pressure measurement system and method based on single-array element ultrasonic pulse echo |
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| JP2011240006A (en) * | 2010-05-20 | 2011-12-01 | Hitachi Aloka Medical Ltd | Ultrasonograph |
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