CN105707100A - 一种微胶囊白蚁毒饵的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种微胶囊白蚁毒饵的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105707100A
CN105707100A CN201610112601.0A CN201610112601A CN105707100A CN 105707100 A CN105707100 A CN 105707100A CN 201610112601 A CN201610112601 A CN 201610112601A CN 105707100 A CN105707100 A CN 105707100A
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仲伟德
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Nantong Qing Jian Waterless Printing And Dyeing Research Institute (general Partnership)
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Abstract

本发明提供一种微胶囊白蚁毒饵的制备方法，包括如下步骤：(1)将几丁质酶抑制剂类农药与食用植物油混合后，进行研磨，制得油药混合物；(2)向油药混合物中添加昆虫引诱剂、表面活性剂和水，搅拌，制成分散液；(3)向分散液中加入明胶水溶液和乙醇，然后在0℃～?2℃下冷冻；(4)在冷冻后的分散液中加入阿拉伯胶水溶液，制成微胶囊水悬浮剂；(5)将干燥并粉碎后的废木耳培养基与微胶囊水悬浮剂进行混合，干燥后制得粉末状微胶囊白蚁毒饵。采用本发明所生产的毒饵可使蚁后中毒后不能产卵或所产卵均为不育卵，不能孵出幼虫，使整个蚁群失去繁育能力，幼虫取食后因不能正常退皮生长，几天后也会死亡，从而彻底消灭整个白蚁种群。

Description

一种微胶囊白蚁毒饵的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属化工行业的农药制造技术领域，具体涉及一种微胶囊白蚁毒饵的制备方法。
背景技术
白蚁是世界范围内危险建筑物、水坝河堤、森林坡地的害虫，白蚁筑巢于地下，非常隐蔽。蚁巢中由蚁后统治整个蚁群，专司产卵繁殖后代，其余为兵蚁，负责保卫蚁巢；工蚁负责觅食和维护蚁穴清洁。白蚁常入侵人类居所中啃食房屋的木质结构材料，电线电缆等，造成建筑物倒塌或火灾。野外的白蚁常在水库堤坝上打洞筑巢，使洪水期易于造成溃坝决口的灾害；林业上则危害伐木的堆积场所，使木材失去商业价值。
传统的防治方法往往只能杀死地表的工蚁或兵蚁，很难杀死蚁后。传统的白蚁毒饵由于毒性大，裸露在阳光、空气中，极易挥发分解，有效成分持效期短，有时或因白蚁的警觉拒食而发挥不了杀灭的作用。高毒的白蚁毒饵在地面上对家畜和其它生物也有可能造成伤害。
发明内容
为有效地消灭白蚁，本发明提供一种微胶囊白蚁毒饵的制备方法，采用该方法所制作的白蚁毒饵能够有效地消灭蚁后，降低白蚁的危害，该方法包括如下步骤：
(1)将几丁质酶抑制剂类农药与食用植物油混合后，进行研磨，制得油药混合物；几丁质酶抑制剂类农药优选为氟铃脲制剂、灭幼脲制剂、灭虫脲制剂或酰脲制剂；食用植物油优选为大豆油、芝麻油、花生油、玉米油或菜籽油；
(2)向油药混合物中添加昆虫引诱剂、表面活性剂和水，搅拌，制成分散液；
(3)向分散液中加入明胶水溶液和乙醇，然后在0℃～-2℃下冷冻；
(4)在冷冻后的分散液中加入阿拉伯胶水溶液，反应4～24h后制成微胶囊水悬浮剂；微胶囊水悬浮剂中，按重量比计，含几丁质酶抑制剂类农药0.01～100g/L，昆虫引诱剂含量0.01～100mg/L，植物油50～300g/L；
(5)将废木耳培养基干燥并粉碎到20～600目，然后将粉碎的废木耳培养基与上述微胶囊水悬浮剂进行混合、干燥后制得粉末状微胶囊白蚁毒饵；所述废木耳培养基，即采摘完木耳后废弃的培养基，其中含有大量的白色木耳菌丝体，这些菌丝体是白蚁最喜爱的食物；
所述表面活性剂为吐温或司盘；
昆虫引诱剂为苯乙醇、苯酚、甲基丁香酚或对苯二酚。
进一步，为保证农药的良好分散，在研磨后，几丁质酶抑制剂类农药的粒径优选为0.1-1000μm之间。
为保证白蚁的啃食，步骤(5)中粉碎的废木耳培养基与微胶囊水悬浮剂的混合物中，按重量比计，粉碎的废木耳培养基占80％～99％。
本发明采用白蚁最喜食的废木耳培养基为原料，添加微量的昆虫引诱剂和低毒的几丁质酶抑制剂类农药。主要活性成分用微胶囊技术制备成水悬浮剂，然后与昆虫引诱剂等混合制成毒饵。在工蚁将毒饵运回蚁巢后供蚁后食用或饲喂幼虫，由于几丁质酶抑制剂类农药的作用，蚁后中毒后不能产卵或所产卵均为不育卵，不能孵出幼虫，使整个蚁群失去繁育能力，幼虫取食后因不能正常退皮生长，几天后也会死亡，从而彻底消灭整个白蚁种群。
几丁质酶抑制剂类农药，对家畜类动物无害，对其它有益昆虫无害，不会破坏生态平衡。
本发明相比传统的白蚁毒饵：用白蚁喜食的废木耳培养基为基础料，保证了白蚁的采食；将几丁质酶抑制剂类农药用微胶囊技术进行分散包裹，使其中的活性成分由于受到微胶囊囊皮的保护，延缓了光解、氧化、降解速度，持效期延长5～10倍；在毒饵中添加了微量昆虫引诱剂，增加了对白蚁取食引诱，保证了毒饵的诱杀作用。
相比普通白蚁只能毒杀地表的工蚁、兵蚁，很难触及地下深处蚁巢中的蚁后；本发明制备的毒饵可轻易地毒杀蚁后，以及蚁巢中的幼虫，可从根本上灭绝白蚁种群。
采用本发明所生产的毒饵在使用时，只需要将其放置到白蚁经常出没的地方即可。
具体实施方式
实施1：
废木耳培养基晒干粉碎到50～80目待用。
称取几丁质酶抑制剂氟铃脲80g，玉米油92kg，进行研磨；氟铃脲的粒径达到5-10μm；
然后添加表面活性剂吐温80#6.8kg，加热溶解，再添加对苯二酚50mg，甲基丁香酚200mg，高速搅拌均匀或高切机乳化剪切5分钟，制成分散液；
向分散液中加入重量比为2％的食用明胶水溶液200L和1L乙醇，在-1℃下冷冻3小时后取出；
向冷冻后的分散液中添加重量比为2％的阿拉伯胶水溶液，使溶液的总量达到500L，反应10小时后制成微胶囊水悬浮剂；
取制成微胶囊水悬浮剂6kg，废木耳培养基粉末94kg，混合机搅拌混合30分钟，用喷雾干燥机除去多余水分得到粉末状微胶囊白蚁毒饵。
经试验，将上述微胶囊白蚁毒饵投放到白蚁巢穴的附近后，10天后，该巢穴中的白蚁已消失，对白蚁巢穴挖掘观察，其中的白蚁蚁后已死亡。该微胶囊白蚁毒饵的持效期可以达到3～4个月，较现有的白蚁毒饵的持效期延长5～10倍。
实施2：
废木耳培养基晒干粉碎到80～100目待用。
准确称取几丁质酶抑制剂灭幼脲5kg，玉米油80kg，混合均匀后用砂磨机研磨4-6h，灭幼脲的粒径达到1-2μm，
加入表面活性剂司盘20#6kg，苯乙醇100mg、苯酚100mg，混合搅拌乳化，制成分散液；
向分散液中加入重量比为2％的实用明胶水溶液200L和2L乙醇，在0℃下冷冻8小时后取出；
向冷冻后的分散液中添加重量比为2％的阿拉伯胶水溶液，使溶液的总量达到500L，60℃下恒温反应3h，得微胶囊水悬浮剂。
称取微胶囊水悬浮剂10kg，废木耳培养基粉末90kg，混合机混合均匀，用流化床干燥机干燥，制得粉末状微胶囊白蚁毒饵。
面活性剂1％-20％，对苯二酚1mg-1000mg，丁香酚0.1mg-2000mg，β-蒎烯10mg-10kg，废木耳培养基粉末80％-99％。
(4)、灭幼脲加入玉米油用砂磨机研磨到颗粒度0.1-1000mm的方法。

Claims (5)

1.一种微胶囊白蚁毒饵的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)将几丁质酶抑制剂类农药与食用植物油混合后，进行研磨，制得油药混合物；
(2)向油药混合物中添加昆虫引诱剂、表面活性剂和水，搅拌，制成分散液；
(3)向分散液中加入明胶水溶液和乙醇，然后在0℃～-2℃下冷冻；
(4)在冷冻后的分散液中加入阿拉伯胶水溶液，反应4～24h后制成微胶囊水悬浮剂；
在微胶囊水悬浮剂中，按重量比计，含几丁质酶抑制剂类农药0.01～100g/L，昆虫引诱剂含量0.01～100mg/L，植物油50～300g/L；
(5)将废木耳培养基干燥并粉碎到20～600目，然后将粉碎的废木耳培养基与上述微胶囊水悬浮剂进行混合、干燥后制得粉末状微胶囊白蚁毒饵；
所述表面活性剂为吐温或司盘；
昆虫引诱剂为苯乙醇、苯酚、甲基丁香酚或对苯二酚。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(5)中粉碎的废木耳培养基与微胶囊水悬浮剂的混合物中，按重量比计，粉碎的废木耳培养基占80％～99％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，在步骤(1)中，研磨后，几丁质酶抑制剂类农药的粒径为0.1-1000μm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述几丁质酶抑制剂类农药为氟铃脲制剂、灭幼脲制剂、灭虫脲制剂或酰脲制剂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述食用植物油为大豆油、芝麻油、花生油、玉米油或菜籽油。
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111903675A (zh) * 2020-06-22 2020-11-10 内蒙古大学 一种传粉昆虫的引诱剂及其提高植物结实率的应用
CN117296859A (zh) * 2023-11-23 2023-12-29 四川金堰白蚁防治有限公司 一种用于防治白蚁的诱杀条及其制备方法

Citations (1)

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