CN105704710B

CN105704710B - Wi-Fi parameter configuration method

Info

Publication number: CN105704710B
Application number: CN201410674970.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王怿忻; 罗通; 赖作彬
Original assignee: SHENZHEN MAIJIN TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Current assignee: SHENZHEN MAIJIN TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Priority date: 2014-11-24
Filing date: 2014-11-24
Publication date: 2020-07-28
Anticipated expiration: 2034-11-24
Also published as: CN105704710A

Abstract

The invention provides a Wi-Fi parameter configuration method, which is characterized in that other Wi-Fi equipment to be accessed to an AP is configured by taking Wi-Fi equipment which is connected with the AP and is provided with a human-computer interaction device as a configuration terminal. And analyzing the data packet, obtaining Wi-Fi parameters, setting the received parameters as Wi-Fi access target parameters of the data packet, and connecting the data packet to the AP wireless router. In the invention, the Wi-Fi equipment which is not provided with the human-computer interaction mechanism and is to be configured is configured by the configuration terminal which is used as an operation configuration terminal and can conveniently carry out human-computer interaction, so that the method is convenient and practical.

Description

Wi-Fi parameter configuration method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a Wi-Fi parameter configuration method, in particular to a method for assembling SSID or secret key for Wi-Fi equipment without an input device.

Background

Wi-fi (wireless fidelity), the name wireless fidelity in chinese, is a technology that can wirelessly connect terminals such as personal computers, handheld devices (e.g., PAD, mobile phone) and the like to each other, and in fact it is a high frequency radio signal. At present, Wi-Fi is widely used for forming a wireless local area network, a wireless access point AP in the wireless local area network generally uses a wireless router as the wireless access point, other wireless devices can access the internet through the AP, and the wireless AP and some terminals (devices) communicating with the AP through Wi-Fi form a wireless local area network.

Wi-Fi enabled devices are also called Wi-Fi devices, and these devices typically have a wireless network card: such as a personal computer, a game player, a smart phone or a digital audio player, may be connected to the network from a wireless network within range. One or more (interconnected) access points of its coverage, known as hotspots, may constitute a room as small as a few rooms in area, or as large as many square miles.

The Wi-Fi equipment is used more and more widely in real life due to the fact that wireless connection is adopted and wiring is not needed, particularly in intelligent homes, all intelligent home equipment such as refrigerators, washing machines, surveillance cameras, televisions and even other kitchen and bathroom equipment in the home can be connected into a local area network through the Wi-Fi equipment to achieve unified management.

At present, when a Wi-Fi device accesses a wireless network through an AP, the Wi-Fi device firstly finds that an electromagnetic wave signal exists in a channel in 13Wi-Fi channels through scanning, then confirms the name (SSID) and the password of the AP upwards through the channel, and allows the Wi-Fi device to access the network through the AP only if the password is correct, thereby completing Wi-Fi parameter configuration. This is very convenient for many Wi-Fi devices such as mobile phones, notebook computers and other computer devices, due to the presence of a human-machine interaction interface such as a keyboard and a display. However, many Wi-Fi devices do not have a display screen or other interface for human-computer interaction, and when they are installed for the first time, Wi-Fi parameter configuration (including SSID, key, etc.) needs to be performed on the devices through external wired network, serial port, USB interface, etc. so that the devices can be accessed to a correct access point (hereinafter referred to as AP), which increases device cost and is inconvenient to use. In addition, some AP and Wi-Fi devices support a technology called WPS (Wi-protected Setup), and when in use, an encrypted wireless connection can be established between the AP and the device by pressing a button called WPS on the AP and the device. However, the most basic requirement for simplifying network security configuration by using WPS is that both the AP and the device must pass WPS authentication, and if one does not pass authentication, the WPS function cannot be realized. And due to differences among manufacturers, compatibility problems may arise between different brands of APs and devices. And some Wi-Fi equipment adopts a mode of working in the AP firstly, so that the Wi-Fi equipment with a man-machine interface is accessed to the AP of the equipment to be configured firstly to establish wireless connection, Wi-Fi parameters needing to be set are sent to the equipment to be configured, and the equipment to be configured receives the parameters and then is switched back to the common mode to be accessed to the target AP. The mode not only has complex technical realization, but also has fussy use process and poor user experience.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a Wi-Fi parameter configuration method for solving the problem that Wi-Fi equipment without a display screen or other human-computer interaction interfaces needs to be subjected to Wi-Fi parameter configuration in the modes of an external wired network, a serial port, a USB interface and the like when the Wi-Fi equipment is installed for the first time so that the equipment can be accessed to a correct access point, the equipment cost is increased, and the Wi-Fi parameter configuration method is very inconvenient to use.

The technical scheme of the invention is a Wi-Fi parameter configuration method, which realizes the configuration of other Wi-Fi equipment to be accessed to an AP by using Wi-Fi equipment which is connected with the AP and is provided with a human-computer interaction device as a configuration terminal, and comprises the following steps:

step 1, a configuration terminal converts all Wi-Fi parameters which need to be set to Wi-Fi equipment to be configured into an IP multicast packet according to a set format and sends the IP multicast packet;

step 2, the Wi-Fi equipment to be configured starts a monitoring mode of the Wi-Fi equipment, and monitors wireless data packets on all Wi-Fi channels in turn;

step 3, when the Wi-Fi equipment to be configured monitors and receives a wireless data packet in any Wi-Fi channel, analyzing the data packet according to a set mode to obtain Wi-Fi parameters;

step 4, after the Wi-Fi equipment to be configured receives complete Wi-Fi parameter information, stopping the monitoring mode, setting the received parameters as the Wi-Fi access target parameters of the Wi-Fi equipment to be configured, and connecting the Wi-Fi equipment to the AP wireless router;

the Wi-Fi parameters are the SSID of the AP and the Wi-Fi password of the access AP.

In the invention, the Wi-Fi equipment which is not provided with the human-computer interaction mechanism and is to be configured is configured by the configuration terminal which is used as an operation configuration terminal and can conveniently carry out human-computer interaction, so that the method is convenient and practical.

The invention can also strengthen the safety during configuration by processing the transmitted data packet. Such as: and (3) when the Wi-Fi device to be configured analyzes the data packet, only the UID and the password which are the same as those of the Wi-Fi device to be configured are converted to the step 4.

And (3) when the Wi-Fi device to be configured analyzes the data packet, only the UID which is the same as the Wi-Fi device to be configured is converted to the step 4.

In the step 1, when the configuration terminal sends the IP multicast packet, the data to be sent is encoded, and the UID carries out XOR operation on the SSID of the AP and the Wi-Fi password of the access AP or the password of the Wi-Fi device to be configured; and 3, after the Wi-Fi device to be configured analyzes the data packet, performing XOR on the received data and the UID of the device to restore the SSID of the AP and the Wi-Fi password of the access AP.

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a flow of Wi-Fi parameter encoding and transmission according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flow of receiving and analyzing Wi-Fi parameters according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In embodiment 1, in this embodiment, a mobile terminal, such as a mobile phone, is used as a configuration terminal to perform Wi-Fi parameter configuration on other to-be-configured Wi-Fi devices, and this method is suitable for an intelligent home system, where all the intelligent home devices are connected to a wireless local area network, and it is first ensured that the mobile phone operates in a Wi-Fi mode and has already accessed to the same target AP wireless router. The mobile terminal converts all Wi-Fi parameters which need to be set to the device, including the SSID of the target AP, the key needed by accessing to the target A and the like, into different IP Multicast (Multicast) addresses one by one according to the specified mode according to bytes, and sends a Multicast packet. When the mobile terminal sends the multicast packets, a timing alternate sending mode can be adopted to ensure that the equipment can completely receive all the multicast packets.

When Wi-Fi parameter configuration is required to be carried out on Wi-Fi equipment to be configured, namely household appliances without human-computer interaction mechanisms in an intelligent home, such as a refrigerator, a washing machine, a monitoring camera and the like, a monitoring mode of the Wi-Fi equipment to be configured is started, which is specified in an 802.11 protocol, 802.11 wireless data frames are monitored on all 13Wi-Fi channels in turn, and multicast data packets are filtered according to MAC addresses.

Since the last 23 bits of the MAC address correspond to the last 23 bits of the multicast address of the IP, when the mobile phone sends a data packet to different target IP multicast addresses, it can correspond to different target MAC multicast addresses. The Wi-Fi device to be configured can restore Wi-Fi parameter information carried in the Wi-Fi device to be configured by monitoring and receiving 802.11 data packets of a wireless link layer and filtering multicast data packets from the data packets according to the rule of a target MAC address.

When the Wi-Fi equipment to be configured receives the multicast packet, the check bit in the Wi-Fi equipment is calculated according to the target MAC address to distinguish whether the required multicast packet is applied or not. If not, it is discarded. If yes, extracting corresponding parameter contents according to the packet sequence number until all the parameter contents are received.

And when the Wi-Fi equipment to be configured receives complete Wi-Fi parameter information, stopping the monitoring mode, setting the received parameters as the Wi-Fi access target parameters of the Wi-Fi equipment, and connecting the Wi-Fi equipment to a correct AP wireless router.

At this time, the mobile phone should be able to detect that the device has successfully networked, and stop sending the Wi-Fi parameter information.

At any time, the user can reset the device to the monitoring working state in a software or hardware mode and the like, and then the Wi-Fi parameter setting is carried out again.

Table 2 shows the encoding scheme in which the SSID of the AP is "IMAGIN", the AP key is "888888", the device password is "12345", and the device UID is "0214010000001".

We can convert Wi-Fi parameter content into IP multicast address and send it in the following way, where the IP multicast address is 4 bytes, and we use the lower 23 bits, as shown in Table 1 below

TABLE 1

Multicast address 4 th byte = 239 (fixed)

Multicast address byte 3 (using 7 BIT) = sequence number (increment from 0, no more than 127)

Multicast address 2 nd byte = code (parameter exclusive or UID)

Multicast address byte 1 = checksum (sequence number + parameter)

Table 2: translating Wi-Fi parameters into a set of IP multicast packet instances

In the description, the following steps are carried out,

1) when the serial number is 7bit, the length of all parameter information does not exceed 127 characters;

2) the actual data length of the multicast packet can be a fixed value, such as 8 bytes, and does not exceed the length of one Wi-Fi link frame, so as to prevent link layer fragmentation;

3) the checksum is optional, so that the device can distinguish other applications from the multicast packet applied by the device when receiving the data packet.

4) When the checksum is not used, 16 bits can be used for expressing the content characters, and the parameter content can be supported as a UNICODE character set.

5) The end of the parameter content should be added with an end character \ 0', which is convenient for the receiver to judge whether the content is completely received.

6) The parameter content can be converted and encrypted to prevent network interception, and the UID input into the device in the setting message is used for carrying out exclusive-or encryption on the parameter content to ensure that only the device with the UID can solve the correct parameter content and ensure the safe operation of the device. The last terminator in the parameter content is not encrypted, so that a receiver can conveniently judge whether the complete parameter content is received.

7) The device password is entered in the setup message to ensure that only legitimate users can perform the setup operation.

In the above method for parameter configuration of other Wi-Fi devices to be configured by using a mobile phone, the SSID of the AP and the password added to the AP may be sent to the Wi-Fi devices to be configured in a multicast manner, and all configured Wi-Fi devices within the AP action range, whether the Wi-Fi devices are legal Wi-Fi devices to be configured or other devices with Wi-Fi functions, may receive the data packet in a monitoring mode. In addition, if the Wi-Fi device to be configured is in the range of other APs, the Wi-Fi device may scan channels of other APs, receive multicast packets sent by any terminal in other APs, and join the wireless network of other APs in the same manner, which may cause information leakage. Therefore, in this embodiment, a valid UID of the Wi-Fi device to be configured is obtained in advance, and a password is set on the Wi-Fi device to be configured, where the UID refers to a Unique Identifier (Unique Identifier) of the device, and is composed of numbers or character strings for distinguishing different devices. The password of the Wi-Fi equipment to be configured, the SSID of the AP and the password added into the AP are packaged together, so that the information sent on the mobile phone comprises the SSID + a secret key + the equipment password + the UID, the equipment verifies the equipment password after parameter content is analyzed, and the next configuration is carried out only if the passwords are the same, so that the configuration operation of the Wi-Fi parameters can be initiated only by an authorized user. In addition, after receiving the multicast data packet, the Wi-Fi device to be configured detects the UID, and can know whether the Wi-Fi device to be configured is addressed to the Wi-Fi device to be configured.

In addition, in order to reduce network access and prevent eavesdropping, when the mobile phone sends a multicast packet, the UID of the Wi-Fi equipment to be configured performs XOR operation on parameter contents such as the equipment password, the SSID of the AP, the WIFI password and the like, when the Wi-Fi equipment to be configured receives the code, the UID of the Wi-Fi equipment to be configured performs XOR operation again, correct parameter contents can be analyzed only if the UID of the Wi-Fi equipment to be configured is the same as the UID used for sending the code, and the SSID, the WIFI password and the equipment password are restored. Thus, simple eavesdropping and network gramming can be prevented, and other Wi-Fi equipment in the network can be prevented from being operated by mistake.

A specific flow of sending Wi-Fi parameter codes by a mobile phone is shown in fig. 1:

starting, forming a parameter character string by the SSID, the secret key and the Wi-Fi equipment password to be configured;

then, carrying out XOR coding on the parameter character string and the UID of the Wi-Fi equipment to be configured; taking one character at a time from the first character of the encoded content until the last character;

and converting the characters into a target multicast address, and sending a multicast packet to the target multicast address.

And finally, detecting whether the Wi-Fi equipment to be configured is configured, wherein the Wi-Fi equipment can be searched from the online neighbor of the local area network.

The Wi-Fi device receiving and parsing flow to be configured is shown in fig. 2:

firstly, the Wi-Fi equipment to be configured opens a Wi-Fi interception function, and scans all 13Wi-Fi channels from the first Wi-Fi channel.

Multicast packets of 802.11 frames, if any, in any one channel are received.

Extracting the multicast address of the multicast packet, detecting whether the multicast address meets the defined coding rule or not, and converting the multicast packet address into a serial number and characters according to the defined coding rule only when the multicast address meets the defined coding rule until the complete parameter content is received.

Carrying out XOR operation on the received parameter character string by using the UID of the Wi-Fi equipment to be configured; and extracting the SSID, the secret key and the device password of the Wi-Fi device to be configured from the parameter character string.

And checking whether the SSID, the secret key and the equipment password of the Wi-Fi equipment to be configured are complete or not, meanwhile, comparing the equipment password of the Wi-Fi equipment to be configured, configuring the Wi-Fi equipment to be configured only if the SSID, the secret key and the equipment password of the Wi-Fi equipment to be configured are complete or not and the equipment password of the Wi-Fi equipment to be configured is correct, stopping the Wi-Fi interception function, and ending.

Claims

1. A Wi-Fi parameter configuration method is characterized in that other Wi-Fi equipment to be accessed to an AP is configured by taking Wi-Fi equipment which is connected with the AP and is provided with a human-computer interaction device as a configuration terminal, and comprises the following steps:

step 1, a configuration terminal converts all Wi-Fi parameters which need to be set to Wi-Fi equipment to be configured into an IP multicast packet according to a set format and sends the IP multicast packet; in the step, when the configuration terminal sends the IP multicast packet, the data to be sent is coded, and the UID of the Wi-Fi equipment to be configured is adopted to carry out XOR operation on the data to be sent;

step 3, when the Wi-Fi equipment to be configured monitors and receives a wireless data packet in any Wi-Fi channel, analyzing the data packet according to a set mode to obtain Wi-Fi parameters; in the step, when the received data packet is analyzed, the received data and the equipment UID of the data packet are subjected to XOR again to realize decoding;

step 5, the configuration terminal detects that the Wi-Fi equipment to be configured is successfully networked, and stops sending Wi-Fi parameters; in the step, whether the Wi-Fi equipment to be configured is checked and detected from the online neighbor of the local area network;

the Wi-Fi parameters comprise an SSID of the AP and a Wi-Fi password of the access AP;

configuring a mode of sending IP multicast packets by terminals in turn at regular time;

the data packet sent in the step 1 further includes the UID and the password of the Wi-Fi device to be configured, and when the Wi-Fi device to be configured analyzes the data packet in the step 3, only the UID and the password which are the same as those of the Wi-Fi device to be configured are converted to a step 4;

in the step 1, when the configuration terminal sends the IP multicast packet, the data to be sent is encoded, and the UID carries out XOR operation on the SSID of the AP, the Wi-Fi password accessed to the AP and the password of the Wi-Fi device to be configured; and 3, after the Wi-Fi device to be configured analyzes the data packet, performing XOR on the received data and the UID of the device to restore the SSID of the AP and the Wi-Fi password of the access AP.

2. The Wi-Fi parameter configuration method of claim 1, wherein: and (3) when the Wi-Fi device to be configured analyzes the data packet, only the UID which is the same as the Wi-Fi device to be configured is converted to the step 4.

3. The Wi-Fi parameter configuration method of claim 1, wherein: in the step 1, when the configuration terminal sends the IP multicast packet, the data to be sent is encoded, and the UID carries out XOR operation on the SSID of the AP and the Wi-Fi password of the access AP; and 3, after the Wi-Fi device to be configured analyzes the data packet, performing XOR on the received data and the UID of the device to restore the SSID of the AP and the Wi-Fi password of the access AP.