CN1057015A

CN1057015A - Cyclone separator

Info

Publication number: CN1057015A
Application number: CN 90104173
Authority: CN
Inventors: 文卡特拉曼·赛夏迈尼
Original assignee: Foster Wheeler Energy Corp
Current assignee: Foster Wheeler Energy Corp
Priority date: 1990-06-07
Filing date: 1990-06-07
Publication date: 1991-12-18

Abstract

The cyclone separator that constitutes by some parallel pipes.The part of each pipe constitutes a cylindrical shell, and a part radially inwardly curves a top cover, and that another part curves is a pipeful of, and water cools off separator by each pipe.

Description

Cyclone separator

The present invention relates to cyclone separator, relate to separator or similar separator that solid fuel particle is separated or rather from the exhaust of combustion system.

Common cyclone separator generally all has a hopper in its lower end, in order to collect the solid particle in the separator.Separate machine and hopper all-in-one-piece outside refractory walls all is housed usually, this wall is wear-resisting and heat insulation, thereby shell is under the lower temperature.Generally speaking, this wall constitutes by a metal shell and two-layer inner fireclay insulating refractory, so that shell is avoided high temperature action, and reduces heat loss.Yet suitable heat insulation for obtaining, these refractory masses must have suitable thickness, have so just increased size, weight and the price of separator and hopper, and need to controlling long starting and downtime, in case refractory material breaks.In addition, the metal shell in these designs can not further carry out heat insulation from the outside, because can make its temperature rise to 815 ℃ like this, this is considerably beyond its maximum temperature that can bear.

In addition, most common cyclone separators require between reactor and cyclone separator, and pipeline and the expansion pipe that is lined with expensive high-temperature refractory is set between cyclone separator and the heat recovery section, and this is very complicated and expensive.In addition, carry out the heating of long period with conventional separator demand before on-line execute of said method manufacturing, so very inconvenient in order to avoid refractory wall breaks in early days, and increased operating cost.In addition, other cyclone separator may also need be provided with the pipeline of top cover separately, and this has just improved the expense of this system.

Therefore, it is little to the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of heat loss, the cyclone separator that the been provided with internal refractories thermal insulation layer is reduced to a minimum.

Another object of the present invention provides a kind of cyclone separator of the above-mentioned type, and its refractory material all is significantly less than common separator on size, weight and price.

Another object of the present invention provides a kind of cyclone separator of the above-mentioned type, this separator is made of the heat transfer pipe that some comprise tapering part, cylindrical portion and header field, make the mixture of steam and water in pipe, keep circulation, and can outside device, a pump be set, in natural circulation boiler, then not be used in and establish pump outside the stove separately.

For reaching these purposes and some other purpose, separator of the present invention has cylindrical shell, top cover and hopper, and all these constitute by some pipes that are parallel to each other.Also be provided with collecting ring, so that cooling water or steam are by each pipe.Be provided with an inner cylindrical shell in addition, the cylindrical shell of it and separator constitutes a doughnut, in order to the mixture of receiver gases and solid particle, by action of centrifugal force solid particle is separated from gas.Solid particle falls in the bucket of separator with pending or recycle, and gas then upwards enters the external heat retracting device by separator.

Referring to following most preferred embodiment of the present invention is elaborated and accompanying drawing can be understood above-mentioned brief description of the present invention, purpose, feature and advantage more fully.

Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of cyclone separator of the present invention, is shown with the part pipe that constitutes outside cylindrical shell on the figure.

Fig. 2 is 2-2 cross section among Fig. 1.

Label 2 is depicted as cyclone separator of the present invention among Fig. 1, and it has a top cover 4, one a conical bottom hopper 6 and a cylindrical shell 8.Once collecting ring 12 is located at the lower end of hopper 6, and last collecting ring 14 is located at the top of top cover 4.

Member 4,6,8 by one group continuous, be spaced from each other and parallel pipe 20 constitutes, these pipes are along the total length setting of separator 2, its lower end links to each other with following collecting ring 12, the upper end links to each other with last collecting ring 14.

Access road 24 leads to the inside of cylindrical shell 8, can bend cylindrical shell 8 planes pipe 20 in addition by a part and constitute, and this has more detailed explanation 4,746 in No. 337 United States Patent (USP)s, and this patent has transferred assignee of the present invention.

Top cover 4 is that pipe 20 is radially curved inwardly by angle shown in the 20a, is bent upwards formation by angle shown in the 20b then.

Interior pipe 26 is positioned at cylindrical shell 8 inside, by durable metal material, constitutes as stainless steel, and top cover 4 is slightly stretched out in its upper end.Pipe 26 directly is contained in the opening that the top by bend pipe 20a and 20b forms.Form a doughnut 28 between the inner surface of pipe 26 outer surface and cylindrical shell 8, its effect will be illustrated below.

As shown in Figure 2, each is managed 20 and separates each other, and a continuous fin 30 is between adjacent each pipe and be welded on adjacent each pipe.This part member is between been provided with internal refractories 32 and insulating back-up material 34.Fire proofed wood material 32 can adopt thin one deck high thermal conductivity refractory material, and heat-barrier material can be used any versatile material.

Natural Circulation steamdrum 40 is connected with last collecting ring 14 with 42b by pipe 42, arm 42a.Down-comer 44, arm 44a and 44b are connected to down steamdrum 40 on the collecting ring 12.So because the gravity effect, water flows to down collecting ring 12 from steamdrum by down-comer 44, from upwards flowing via pipe 20 by the free convection effect here, this will be described below.

Separator 2 of the present invention is the part of steam generator system, comprising with the fluidized-bed reactor or the similar device (not shown) of the adjacent setting of separator.On-stream, access road 24 accepts the hot gas of autoreactor, contains the solid fine grained fuel from fluid bed in this hot gas.The layout of access road 24 should make the gas that contains particle tangentially enter doughnut 28, thereby makes its eddy flow in doughnut 28.The solid particle that enters hits on the inwall of cylindrical shell 8 owing to action of centrifugal force, gather at this, and, stay the doughnut 28 interior gases of cleaning and stopped by top cover 4 and can not upwards flow, thereby enter wherein by the lower end of interior pipe 26 because the gravity effect struggles against 6 to falling into.Gas is discharged from managing 26 upper ends by pipe 26, enters external device (ED) for further utilizing.

From the water in the drum 40 or steam by manage 44,44a and 44b enter down collecting ring 12, again by convection action via bucket 6 respectively manage 20, cylindrical shell 8 and top cover 4 upwards flow.Warmed-up water or steam enter collecting ring 14, by pipe 42a, 42b and 42, get back to drum 40 again.Like this, water just makes separator 2 remain under the lower temperature.

This arrangement of the present invention has some advantages, and for example: heat loss has reduced, and the requirement of been provided with internal refractories has also reduced.Also have, separator of the present invention is compared with general separator, and size is much smaller, and weight is light, and price is also much lower.In addition, between reactor and cyclone separator, and required pipe fitting and the expansion pipe that is lined with expensive high-temperature refractory reduces to minimum between cyclone separator and the heat recovery section.And top cover need not be provided with extra pipeline.

Be appreciated that in scope of the present invention and can make some changes to foregoing with interior.For example: interior pipe 26 can make and separator 2 more similar pipes, and these pipes can be connected with the pipeline that comprises steamdrum 40.Equally, an available forced circulation system replaces above-mentioned natural cycle system, in this case, can establish a pump 50 in pipeline 44, and pipeline 44 receives the fluid from drum 40, and it is pumped in arm 44a, 44b and the pipe 20 goes.

Claims

1, a kind of cyclone separator comprises some pipes that are parallel to each other that are provided with along periphery, and the epimere of these pipes radially inwardly curves a top cover, and its hypomere then curves a taper bucket; One collecting ring is connected with an end of these pipes at least; The device of transporting water or steam is sent to collecting ring with water or steam, and water or steam are circulated to cool off outside cylindrical shell by each pipe.

2, according to the described separator of claim 1, it is characterized in that separator also has an inner cylindrical shell, this inner cylindrical shell is arranged on the inside of above-mentioned each pipe, coaxial with it, and stretch out top cover, form a doughnut, in order to receiver gases and solid, and form the exit passageway of a gas.

3, according to the described separator of claim 1, it is characterized in that separator also have one with the device of the tangent formation of doughnut inlet, doughnut contains the gas of solid particle in order to reception, and with its directive cylinder inboard wall, by action of centrifugal force solid particle is separated from gas, the gas of separating is discharged by inner cylindrical shell, and solid particle then drops on outside cylindrical shell bottom, has pending or recycles.

4, according to the described separator of claim 1, it is characterized in that: each pipe is spaced from each other setting in the separator.

5,, it is characterized in that separator also has one and stretches out the continuous fin that forms from the adjacent appropriate section of respectively managing, in order to form an air tight structure according to the described separator of claim 4.

6,, it is characterized in that separator also has one along the refractory masses of each pipe internal surface setting and the thermal insulation layer that is provided with along each tube outer surface according to the described separator of claim 1.

7, according to the described separator of claim 1, it is characterized in that: conveying device has a steamdrum or steamdrum is connected to collecting ring and each member of managing the other end, and water and steam are circulated by steamdrum and each pipe.

8, according to the described separator of claim 7, it is characterized in that: water and steam circulate via each pipe and steamdrum by Natural Circulation.

9, according to the described separator of claim 7, it is characterized in that separator also has pump, with so that water and steam circulate via each pipe and steamdrum and each pipe.