CN105700026B - A kind of buried target body conduction index extracting method and device - Google Patents
A kind of buried target body conduction index extracting method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105700026B CN105700026B CN201610052096.5A CN201610052096A CN105700026B CN 105700026 B CN105700026 B CN 105700026B CN 201610052096 A CN201610052096 A CN 201610052096A CN 105700026 B CN105700026 B CN 105700026B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/38—Processing data, e.g. for analysis, for interpretation, for correction
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
- G01V3/10—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices using induction coils
- G01V3/101—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices using induction coils by measuring the impedance of the search coil; by measuring features of a resonant circuit comprising the search coil
Abstract
The application proposes a kind of buried target body conduction index extracting method and device, is related to coalfield-hydrogeology and geophysics field, including：It obtains wait estimate the attenuation curve of observation point transient electromagnetic secondary induction voltage at any time in area；Objective body observation time range is determined according to the buried depth range of objective body；According to the observation time range of the objective body, the attenuation curve is integrated, obtains the conductive index of the objective body.The present invention determines the conductive index of objective body according to the evanescent voltage curve in area to be estimated and the buried depth range of objective body, to provide important reference frame for the explanation of transient electromagnetic method data.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coalfield-hydrogeologies and geophysics field, and in particular to a kind of buried target body conduction index mentions
Take method and apparatus.
Background technique
Transient electromagnetic method (Transient electromagnetic method, TEM) is a kind of time-domain electromagnetic survey
Method, it generally emits step current using earth-free rectangle or round loop line, after switch off current, can feel in underground medium
Secondary field should be gone out, know geological information by measuring secondary field and changing with time.Since transient electromagnetic method is in a field off
After acquire pure secondary field, collected signal is not interfered by primary field, therefore can be observed near region.In addition, transient electrical
Magnetic method has the characteristics that be interfered by primary field small, easy for construction, small by the influence of topography.In recent years, transient electromagnetic method is in metallic ore
The fields such as exploration, engineering geology, coal mine gob prospecting using more and more extensive, achieve good economic benefit.
In transient electromagnetic field data explanation, this parameter of apparent resistivity is relied primarily on to explain.Apparent resistivity refers to
The resistivity that underground medium is shown under various factors (such as water content, porosity etc.) effect, is that underground is electrically uneven
The concentrated expression of body and hypsography situation, rather than the true resistance rate of underground medium.
It is not unique in the definition of transient electromagnetic Exploration Domain, apparent resistivity.It is transient electromagnetic research early stage, general to use
Observation data are divided into early time data and advanced stage data, respectively according to the size of normalizing distance p by early, advanced stage apparent resistivity definition
Early time data and advanced stage data calculate using early advanced stage calculation formula of apparent resistivity and obtain apparent resistivity.Wherein, normalizing
Distance p is transmitting-receiving away from the ratio with electromagnetic field skin depth, i.e.,
P=r/d,
In formula, r is offset distance, μ0For permittivity of vacuum, d is electromagnetic field skin depth, and t is delay time, and ρ is stratum
Resistivity.As p >=5, corresponding data is far field data, and when p≤1/5, corresponding data is near region data.
But in actual production, since underground medium resistivity is unknown, it is difficult to accomplish close, far field accurate division, together
When for wave area data p close, between the data of far field, stringent computation of apparent resistivity can not be carried out, this results in calculated result to miss
Difference is larger.Therefore in recent years, the research of full period apparent resistivity definition method is more and more extensive.So-called full period apparent resistivity definition is
Whole transient datas are calculated using unified calculation formula, no longer carry out close, far field data divisions.But this processing
Method is not consider close, far field influence, but be modified in calculation formula to it.Currently, full period apparent resistivity
The main method sought has：It is segmented series approximatioss, dichotomy, translation algorithm.
Full period apparent resistivity definition improves transient electromagnetic data Explanation Accuracy to a certain extent, and calculating speed is more
Fastly, more adaptable.But this definition method seeks apparent resistivity using approximation method, explanation results and reality in some cases
Border apparent resistivity still has bigger difference, and not identical using the full period apparent resistivity that distinct methods are sought.
Summary of the invention
The present invention explains that there are diverse problems, provide a kind of underground mesh to solve current transient electromagnetic method apparent resistivity
Standard type conduction index extracting method and device are obtained observation voltage using geophysical method, are carried out using observation voltage data
Geologic interpretation.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of buried target body conduction index extracting method, including：
It obtains wait estimate the attenuation curve of observation point transient electromagnetic secondary induction voltage at any time in area；
Objective body observation time range is determined according to the buried depth range of objective body；
According to the observation time range of the objective body, the attenuation curve is integrated, obtains the objective body
Conductive index.
Preferably, it obtains and includes wait estimate the attenuation curve of observation point transient electromagnetic secondary induction voltage at any time in area：
Transient electromagnetic method is being used wait estimate observation point in area, is measuring the observation point in the shutdown of transmitting loop coil current
Secondary induction voltage data；
Situation, which is changed over time, according to the secondary induction voltage data of acquisition obtains the attenuation curve.
Preferably, determine that objective body observation time range includes according to the buried depth range of objective body：
The thickness information of interior each formation resistivity and each stratum is determined according to the secondary induction voltage data；
According to wait estimate each formation resistivity and thickness information in area, area stratum aggregate resistance rate to be estimated is calculated；
According to the comprehensive apparent resistivity in area stratum to be estimated, the time needed for transient electromagnetic field travels to objective body is calculated；
Time needed for traveling to objective body according to transient electromagnetic field determines objective body observation time range.
Preferably, according to wait estimate each formation resistivity and thickness information in area, aggregate resistance rate packet in area stratum to be estimated is calculated
It includes：
Each formation resistivity is multiplied with the thickness on corresponding each stratum；
The product is obtained into the comprehensive apparent resistivity value in area stratum to be estimated divided by the sum of the thickness on each stratum.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention also provides a kind of buried target body conduction index extraction elements, including：
Attenuation module, for obtaining wait estimate the attenuation curve of observation point transient electromagnetic secondary induction voltage at any time in area；
Observation time module determines objective body observation time range for the buried depth range according to objective body；
Integration module integrates the attenuation curve for the observation time range according to the objective body, obtains
The conductive index of the objective body.
Preferably, the attenuation module includes：
Sensing unit, for using transient electromagnetic method wait estimate observation point in area, in the shutdown of transmitting loop coil current
Measure the secondary induction voltage data of the observation point；
Curved unit changes over time situation for the secondary induction voltage data according to acquisition and obtains the decaying song
Line.
Preferably, the observation time module includes：
Collector unit, the thickness for each formation resistivity and each stratum in being determined according to the secondary induction voltage data
Information；
Resistivity cell, for comprehensive according to area stratum to be estimated wait estimate each formation resistivity and thickness information in area, is calculated
Apparent resistivity；
Time quantum, for calculating transient electromagnetic field and traveling to objective body institute according to the comprehensive apparent resistivity in area stratum to be estimated
The time needed；
Windows units determine objective body observation time for the time needed for traveling to objective body according to transient electromagnetic field
Range.
Preferably, the resistivity cell is according to wait estimate each formation resistivity and thickness information in area, with calculating area to be estimated
The comprehensive apparent resistivity of layer refers to：
Each formation resistivity is multiplied with the thickness on corresponding each stratum；
The product is obtained into the comprehensive apparent resistivity value in area stratum to be estimated divided by the sum of the thickness on each stratum.
Compared to the prior art the present invention, has the advantages that：
When underground resistivity of media difference, the attenuation trend of transient electromagnetic attenuation curve is with regard to different.Work as underground medium
When resistivity is higher, attenuation trend is slower；When underground resistivity of media is lower, attenuation trend is very fast, according to this characteristic, originally
The method and apparatus of invention determine objective body according to the buried depth range of the evanescent voltage curve in area to be estimated and objective body
Conductive index, to provide important reference frame for the explanation of transient electromagnetic method data.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of buried target body conduction index extracting method of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of buried target body conduction index extraction element of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the strata division information schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the forward model schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is each measuring point conduction index drafting figure of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To keep goal of the invention of the invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects more clear, with reference to the accompanying drawing to this
The embodiment of invention is illustrated, it should be noted that in the absence of conflict, in the embodiment and embodiment in the application
Feature can mutual any combination.
There are diverse problems for transient electromagnetic method apparent resistivity definition at present, carry out geologic interpretation using observation voltage data
It can be to avoid this problem.When underground resistivity of media difference, the attenuation trend of transient electromagnetic attenuation curve is with regard to different.When
When underground medium resistivity is higher, attenuation trend is slower；When underground resistivity of media is lower, attenuation trend is very fast, according to this
One characteristic, inventive embodiments propose a kind of new underground medium electric conductivity parameter, referred to as conductive index, which can embody ground
The height of lower resistivity of media, can be used for transient electromagnetic data geologic interpretation.As shown in Figure 1, the extracting method packet of conductive index
It includes：
S101, it obtains wait estimate the attenuation curve of observation point transient electromagnetic secondary induction voltage at any time in area；
S102, objective body observation time range is determined according to the buried depth range of objective body；
S103, the observation time range according to the objective body, integrate the attenuation curve, obtain the target
The conductive index of body.
Step S101 includes：
Transient electromagnetic method is being used wait estimate observation point in area, is measuring the observation point in the shutdown of transmitting loop coil current
Secondary induction voltage data；
Situation, which is changed over time, according to the secondary induction voltage data of acquisition obtains the attenuation curve.
Specifically, rectangle is laid in area to be estimated and send loop line, and observation point is made to be located at the center position of loop line, to transmission
It powers in loop line, underground can generate induction field, then make to send loop line power-off, and in rectangular loop center, point measurement is secondary
Induced voltage changes over time situation according to the secondary induction voltage data of acquisition and draws the attenuation curve.
Step S102 includes：
The thickness information of interior each formation resistivity and each stratum is determined according to the secondary induction voltage data；
According to wait estimate each formation resistivity and thickness information in area, area stratum aggregate resistance rate to be estimated is calculated；
According to the comprehensive apparent resistivity in area stratum to be estimated, the time needed for transient electromagnetic field travels to objective body is calculated；
Time needed for traveling to objective body according to transient electromagnetic field determines objective body observation time range.
Specifically, according to wait estimate each formation resistivity and thickness information in area, aggregate resistance rate packet in area stratum to be estimated is calculated
It includes：
Each formation resistivity is multiplied with the thickness on corresponding each stratum；
The product is obtained into the comprehensive apparent resistivity value in area stratum to be estimated divided by the sum of the thickness on each stratum.
As shown in figure 3, area stratum to be estimated is divided into n-layer, every thickness degree is respectively h1,h2,...,hn, resistivity is respectively ρ1,
ρ2,...,ρn。
Area stratum aggregate resistance rate to be estimated is calculated according to the following formula：
Obtaining interface buried depth on objective body is d1, lower interface buried depth is d2.With aggregate resistance rate ρIt is comprehensiveTo refer to,
Transient electromagnetic field can be obtained and traveled on objective body and be respectively the time required to interface and lower interface,
Wherein, μ0Indicating space permeability, the diffusion depth of transient electromagnetic field is directly proportional to delay time, therefore, to
Measurement data is set to reflect target volume information completely, then used observation time range should be greater than being equal to section (t1,t2)。
That is, for the observation time of selection, Ying You
tmin≤t1, tmax≥t2
T in formulaminFor the minimal instant of observation time, tmaxFor the observation time maximum moment.
Simultaneously, it is contemplated that aggregate resistance rate and each stratum actual resistivity and unequal under normal circumstances, to guarantee detection
Depth is enough, and time window range should be greater than section (t1,t2), i.e.,：
tmin< t1, tmax> t2
Transient electromagnetic generally chooses section (t1,t2) it is observation time range corresponding with objective body depth, it reaches best
Detect purpose.
Step S103 is specifically included：
In log-log coordinate system, transient electromagnetic data is approximately linear relationship, therefore it is public that linearity curve integral can be used
Formula seeks conductive index.If t1Moment corresponding induced voltage is V1, t2Moment corresponding induced voltage is V2, then lead
Electrical index is expressed as：
As shown in Fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of buried target body conduction index extraction element, including：
Attenuation module, for obtaining wait estimate the attenuation curve of observation point transient electromagnetic secondary induction voltage at any time in area；
Observation time module determines objective body observation time range for the buried depth range according to objective body；
Integration module integrates the attenuation curve for the observation time range according to the objective body, obtains
The conductive index of the objective body.
The attenuation module includes：
Sensing unit, for using transient electromagnetic method wait estimate observation point in area, in the shutdown of transmitting loop coil current
Measure the secondary induction voltage data of the observation point；
Curved unit changes over time situation for the secondary induction voltage data according to acquisition and obtains the decaying song
Line.
The observation time module includes：
Collector unit, the thickness for each formation resistivity and each stratum in being determined according to the secondary induction voltage data
Information；
Resistivity cell, for comprehensive according to area stratum to be estimated wait estimate each formation resistivity and thickness information in area, is calculated
Apparent resistivity；
Time quantum, for calculating transient electromagnetic field and traveling to objective body institute according to the comprehensive apparent resistivity in area stratum to be estimated
The time needed；
Windows units determine objective body observation time for the time needed for traveling to objective body according to transient electromagnetic field
Range.
According to calculating wait estimate each formation resistivity and thickness information in area, area stratum to be estimated is comprehensive to be regarded the resistivity cell
Resistivity refers to：
Each formation resistivity is multiplied with the thickness on corresponding each stratum；
The product is obtained into the comprehensive apparent resistivity value in area stratum to be estimated divided by the sum of the thickness on each stratum.
Embodiment one
With transient electromagnetic to the data instance of underground destination layer, illustrate treatment method and effect of the invention.
As shown in Figure 4：Homogeneous half space resistivity is 30 Ω m, and interior there are two the squares of same depth, same shape
Anomalous body, anomalous body size are 50 × 50m, and upper interface depth is 50m, and resistivity is respectively 50 Ω m and 10 Ω m.
Carry out forward modelling using two-dimensional finite differential technique, obtain corresponding transient electromagnetic attenuation data, data point away from
For 20m.
Calculate the corresponding window scope of objective body.Comprehensive apparent resistivity takes background resistivity, i.e. ρIt is comprehensive=30 Ω m, thus
,
Accordingly, it is determined that window scope is：(t1,t2)=(4.012,12.058)
By taking the transient electromagnetic data in Fig. 4 at 240m as an example, the finding process of conductive index is introduced.
Transient electromagnetic data at 240m is as shown in table 1,
Table 1
In section (t1,t2)=(4.012,12.058) integral operation is carried out to attenuation data in ms.t1Moment corresponding sense
Answer voltage that can be replaced with 3.98ms moment corresponding induced voltage, t2Moment corresponding induced voltage can use the 12.59ms moment pair
The induced voltage answered replaces.Conductive index is calculated,
The conductive index of each measuring point is found out respectively, and the results are shown in Table 2：
Table 2
Each measuring point conduction index is drawn, acquired results are as shown in Figure 5.It will be evident that from the 7th measuring point (140m) to
11st measuring point (220m), conductive index significantly increase, and illustrate that there are low-resistance exceptions at this；From the 17th measuring point (340m) to
21 measuring points (420m), conductive index are obviously reduced, and illustrate that there are high resistant exceptions at this.
Although disclosed embodiment is as above, its content is only to facilitate understand technical side of the invention
Case and the embodiment used, are not intended to limit the present invention.Any those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains, not
Under the premise of being detached from disclosed core technology scheme, any modification and change can be made in form and details in implementation
Change, but protection scope defined by the present invention, the range that the appended claims that must still be subject to limits.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of buried target body conduction index extracting method, which is characterized in that including：
It obtains wait estimate the attenuation curve of observation point transient electromagnetic secondary induction voltage at any time in area；
Objective body observation time range is determined according to the buried depth range of objective body；
According to the observation time range of the objective body, the attenuation curve is integrated, obtains the conduction of the objective body
Index；
Determine that objective body observation time range includes according to the buried depth range of objective body：
The thickness information wait estimate each formation resistivity and each stratum in area is determined according to the secondary induction voltage data；
According to the thickness information wait estimate each formation resistivity and each stratum in area, area stratum aggregate resistance rate to be estimated is calculated；
According to the comprehensive apparent resistivity in area stratum to be estimated, the time needed for transient electromagnetic field travels to objective body is calculated；
Time needed for traveling to objective body according to transient electromagnetic field determines objective body observation time range；
According to the comprehensive apparent resistivity in area stratum to be estimated, the time needed for calculating transient electromagnetic field travels to objective body includes：
Obtaining interface buried depth on objective body is d1, lower interface buried depth is d2, with aggregate resistance rate ρIt is comprehensiveFor reference, obtain
Transient electromagnetic field travels to required time t in interface on objective body1With t the time required to lower interface2Respectively：
μ0Indicate space permeability.
2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It obtains wait estimate observation point transient electromagnetic secondary induction voltage in area
Attenuation curve at any time includes：
Transient electromagnetic method is being used wait estimate observation point in area, is measuring the two of the observation point in the shutdown of transmitting loop coil current
Secondary induced voltage data；
Situation, which is changed over time, according to the secondary induction voltage data of acquisition obtains the attenuation curve.
3. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that according to wait estimate each formation resistivity and thickness information in area, count
The area Suan Daigu stratum aggregate resistance rate includes：
Each formation resistivity is multiplied with the thickness on corresponding each stratum；
Product is obtained into the comprehensive apparent resistivity value in area stratum to be estimated divided by the sum of the thickness on each stratum.
4. a kind of buried target body conduction index extraction element, which is characterized in that including：
Attenuation module, for obtaining wait estimate the attenuation curve of observation point transient electromagnetic secondary induction voltage at any time in area；
Observation time module determines objective body observation time range for the buried depth range according to objective body；
Integration module integrates the attenuation curve, described in acquisition for the observation time range according to the objective body
The conductive index of objective body；
The observation time module includes：
Collector unit, for determining the thickness wait estimate each formation resistivity and each stratum in area according to the secondary induction voltage data
Spend information；
Resistivity cell, for calculating area stratum to be estimated according to the thickness information wait estimate each formation resistivity and each stratum in area
Comprehensive apparent resistivity；
Time quantum, for calculating transient electromagnetic field and traveling to needed for objective body according to the comprehensive apparent resistivity in area stratum to be estimated
Time；
Windows units determine objective body observation time range for the time needed for traveling to objective body according to transient electromagnetic field；
Time quantum calculates time packet needed for transient electromagnetic field travels to objective body according to the comprehensive apparent resistivity in area stratum to be estimated
It includes：
Obtaining interface buried depth on objective body is d1, lower interface buried depth is d2, with aggregate resistance rate ρIt is comprehensiveFor reference, obtain
Transient electromagnetic field travels to required time t in interface on objective body1With t the time required to lower interface2Respectively：
μ0Indicate space permeability.
5. device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：The attenuation module includes：
Sensing unit is measured for using transient electromagnetic method wait estimate observation point in area in the shutdown of transmitting loop coil current
The secondary induction voltage data of the observation point；
Curved unit changes over time situation for the secondary induction voltage data according to acquisition and obtains the attenuation curve.
6. device as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the resistivity cell is according to wait estimate each formation resistivity in area
And thickness information, it calculates the comprehensive apparent resistivity in area stratum to be estimated and refers to：
Each formation resistivity is multiplied with the thickness on corresponding each stratum；
Product is obtained into the comprehensive apparent resistivity value in area stratum to be estimated divided by the sum of the thickness on each stratum.
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| 接地源瞬变电磁短偏移深部探测技术;薛国强等;《地球物理学报》;20130131;第56卷(第1期);第258-259页 * |
| 瞬变电磁法三分量解释剖析;刘金涛;《人民长江》;20080630;第39卷(第11期);第114-116页 * |
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