CN105699415B - The detection method and system of wax deposit in a kind of Simulation of Crude Oil pipe conveying procedure - Google Patents
The detection method and system of wax deposit in a kind of Simulation of Crude Oil pipe conveying procedure Download PDFInfo
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- CN105699415B CN105699415B CN201610116752.3A CN201610116752A CN105699415B CN 105699415 B CN105699415 B CN 105699415B CN 201610116752 A CN201610116752 A CN 201610116752A CN 105699415 B CN105699415 B CN 105699415B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/02—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating changes of state or changes of phase; by investigating sintering
- G01N25/12—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating changes of state or changes of phase; by investigating sintering of critical point; of other phase change
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/02—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by absorbing or adsorbing components of a material and determining change of weight of the adsorbent, e.g. determining moisture content
Abstract
The present invention provides the detection method and system of wax deposit in a kind of Simulation of Crude Oil pipe conveying procedure.This method includes：High-order storage tank, oil sample container, low level storage tank are reduced into installation successively；Water-bath one and high-order storage tank and the respective temperature control interlayer of oil sample container are formed into closed circuit one；The hollow sandwich of water-bath two and cold finger is formed into closed circuit two；The hollow bulb of cold finger sets up blender separately, changes its stir speed (S.S.), obtains the stir speed (S.S.) corresponding to shear rate under the conditions of simulation pipeline；Stirring is maintained, deposit is peeled off into cold finger surface after experiment, weighs and is calculated wax deposit layer rate of rise.The system includes at least high-order storage tank, oil sample container, low level storage tank, cold finger, temperature controlled water bath and connecting tube.The present invention establishes wax deposit temperature field, realizes the continuous updating of oil sample in sample container, and with the shearing of stirring means quantitative simulation pipe stream, make wax deposit detection process closer to pipeline actual conditions by constructing oil sample path.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the detection method and system of wax deposit in a kind of Simulation of Crude Oil pipe conveying procedure, belong to crude oil collection
Defeated field.
Background technology
Wax in crude oil refers to the normal paraffin mixture that carbon number is more than 17, is mainly shown as paraffin and microwax.China
80% is waxy crude oil in produced crude oil, wherein typical Daqing oil field wax content in crude oil is up to 26.3%.Wax component is in crude oil
In solubility it is limited, when temperature is less than wax precipitation point, high carbon number wax molecule separates out as solid first, as temperature reduces, analyses wax
Amount rises, while the starting carbon number for separating out wax crystalline substance gradually reduces.For the crude oil pipeline of cold district laying, tube wall temperature
Less than oil stream temperature, supersaturated wax molecule takes the lead in separating out, and causes radial direction wax molecular concentration poor, and radially tube wall is transferred to along pipeline
Supersaturated wax molecule separates out at tube wall and forms jelling structure, resists the release effect of pipe stream shearing and forms sedimentary.With
The growth of deposit thickness, the valid circulation area of pipeline reduces, and frictional resistance increase, causes difficulty of transportation, can be caused when serious
Line clogging.The detection of wax deposit is always the research side of heat subject, wherein emphasis in crude oil flow field of security guarantee
To being exactly by the wax deposit process in detection method simulation oil pipeline, wax deposit layer thickness rate of rise is grasped.
Wax deposit is detected in laboratory simulation key be construct be consistent with actual pipe stream situation temperature field,
The shear stress that its surface is born in wax molecular concentration field and simulation deposition layer formation process.Existing crude oil wax deposition
Detection research method mainly has cold plate method, cold finger method and circuit method.
Cold finger method and cold plate method by being inserted into the cold plate or cold finger of temperature control in the oil sample container equipped with certain volume oil sample,
Oil sample container and cold finger are equipped with water jacket samdwich, are connected with temperature controlled water bath to establish temperature field, make supersaturated wax molecule deposition
On cold plate or cold finger surface, the mass change of cold plate or cold finger before and after detection simulation is obtained by weighing, to Wax Sediment Velocity into
Row characterization.Due to the system analogy intermittent kettle reactor used in both approaches, batch still cold finger wax is referred to as in industry
Deposit detection device.The defects of both approaches, is that the oil sample of analog detection is changed without, and supersaturated wax molecule is in cold finger/plate
It can not be supplemented after the deposition of surface, but the situation of reality is that oil stream is depositing layer surface continuous stream in pipe conveying procedure
Cross, can continue to provide supersaturated wax molecule；Therefore, cold finger/plate method is sunk due to there is supersaturated wax molecule in cold finger/plate surface
The defects of supplement can not be obtained after product, can accordingly obtain wax deposit layer rate of rise constantly reduces and tends to the mistake knot stopped
By.
Circuit rule is to be circulated in small pipeline loop a large amount of oil samples using pipeline pump, and distance is set in loop
Identical measuring section and reference section, the wall temperature for making measurement segment pipe by water jacket are less than wax precipitation point, realize wax deposit, reduce pipeline
Circulation area, causes the pipe stream frictional resistance of test section to be higher than reference section；By the pressure difference of contrast test section and reference section, with reference to frictional resistance
Computational methods, characterize the growth rate of wax deposit.Since the oil sample amount circulated in the circuit of circuit method is larger, low-temperature test is flowed through
The wax crystalline substance to suspend in the oil sample of section is entering test section next time by will be dissolved after heating unit as supersaturated wax molecule
When, contribute for wax deposit, so as to overcome the shortcomings that cannot being supplemented after wax molecule deposition in cold finger/plate method.It is but small
Type ring road can not simulate the shear stress that sedimentary wall during the wax deposit of actual pipe stream is born.Because in circuit method
Line size is generally significantly less than actual oil pipeline, if keeping same traffic with actual pipeline, circuit flow velocity is far above real
Border flow velocity, circuit shear stress are higher than actual conditions；In other words, if keeping circuit flow velocity equal with actual flow velocity, Reynolds
Number is far below actual pipeline, or even is formed with situation turbulent in the actual pipeline of laminar simulation in circuit.Sunk based on actual wax
The shear stress (viscosity of crude and the product of shear rate) that sedimentary wall is born during product and flow velocity, the close phase of fluidised form
Close, and the shearing that the small-sized circuit in circuit method cannot be born by adjusting the actual Guan Liuzhong sedimentaries wall of flow simulation should
Power, i.e. flow cannot be simulated at the same time with shear rate.In addition, circuit detection device equipment is complicated, it is necessary to be equipped with flow, pressure is surveyed
Trial assembly is put and automatic control equipment, cause to take up a large area, cost of investment it is high, only in a few institute's prominent universities and scientific research institution of oil company
In have circuit device.
Summary, the detection method of existing crude oil wax deposition during the wax deposit of actual oil pipeline is simulated all
There are it is certain the defects of, in order to make wax deposit detection process closer to pipeline actual conditions, it is necessary to New Research Method.
The content of the invention
Technical problem underlying solved by the invention, is in view of the deficiency of the prior art, there is provided Yi Zhongmo
Intend the detection method of wax deposit in Oil Transportation Process in Pipeline, the wax that this method can more accurately simulate actual Guan Liuzhong sinks
Product process, helps more accurately to study the wax deposition in pipe conveying procedure.
Present invention also offers a kind of detecting system of wax deposit in Simulation of Crude Oil pipe conveying procedure, make the detecting system
In the supersaturated wax molecule that is lost because of deposition supplemented, and the equal thinking of application average shear rate is realized to stir
Mix the shearing of method quantitative simulation pipe stream so that the wax deposit process in detecting system is closer to the defeated actual conditions of pipe.
On the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of detection method of wax deposit in Simulation of Crude Oil pipe conveying procedure, the detection side
Method includes procedure below：
High-order storage tank, oil sample container and low level storage tank are formed into oil sample path by connecting tube, and the high-order storage tank,
The position of the oil sample container and the low level storage tank reduces successively, and crude oil sample to be measured is placed in high-order storage tank and oil sample holds
In device；
Cold finger device is set in the oil sample container center, the cold finger device has hollow space, there will be torque output
The agitating paddle of function blender is arranged on the hollow space of the cold finger device, and is submerged after being stretched out from the bottom of the hollow space
In the crude oil sample in the oil sample container；Control in the oil sample temperature and the oil sample container in the high-order storage tank
Oil sample temperature it is consistent；Oil sample temperature in the oil sample container is higher than the temperature of the cold finger apparatus surface, and the cold finger
The temperature of apparatus surface is less than the wax precipitation point of the crude oil sample；
Pipeline is carried out to the crude oil sample respectively and stirs the calculating of average shear rate under the conditions of two kinds, is made described
Average shear rate under the conditions of two kinds is equal, and the moment of torsion M and stir speed (S.S.) n products of blender are established based on the average shear rate
The expression formula of Mn；
According to the expression formula of the Mn, for different stir speed (S.S.) n, determine corresponding moment of torsion M calculated values, establish MCalculated value~
N function curves；
Open in the cold finger device it is described there is the blender of torque output, to the institute in the oil sample container
State crude oil sample to be stirred, change its stir speed (S.S.), obtain being directed to different stir speed (S.S.) n, obtain corresponding moment of torsion M tests
Value, establishes MTest value~n function curves；
By MCalculated value~n function curves, and MTest valueThe intersection point of~n function curves, obtains putting down under the conditions of simulation pipeline
The stir speed (S.S.) n* of the blender corresponding to equal shear rate；
The stir speed (S.S.) of the blender is arranged to the stir speed (S.S.) n* corresponding to the intersection point, controls the height respectively
The temperature of position storage tank, the oil sample container and the cold finger device, opens the oil sample path, under flow by gravity effect,
The crude oil sample is flowed out from the high-order storage tank, enters the low level storage tank, wax deposit experiment after flowing through the oil sample container
Start；
When maintaining stirring t small, the cold finger device for being attached to wax deposit is taken out from the oil sample container, is weighed
The quality m of the wax deposit is obtained, conversion obtains the thickness δ of wax deposit layer, calculates wax deposit layer rate of rise δ/t.
Further, in the present invention, the crude oil sample is carried out respectively putting down under the conditions of two kinds of pipeline and stirring
The method that equal shearing rate determines is：
Average shear rate under the conditions of pipeline：
Average shear rate under stirring condition：
Make it is described two under the conditions of average shear rate it is equal, obtain the expression formula of moment of torsion and Rate Product Mn：
In formula (3), M represents the output torque of blender；N represents stir speed (S.S.)；F represents the crude oil sample pipeline
The coefficient of friction resistance of process；U represents the flow velocity of the crude oil sample in the duct；ρ represents the density of the crude oil sample；D is represented
The caliber of conveyance conduit；V represents the volume of crude oil sample described in the oil sample container.
In specific embodiments of the present invention, it is described there is the blender of torque output stir speed (S.S.) it is adjustable
Section, the moment of torsion carried out for crude oil sample in 20r/min~300r/min speed ranges scan.
In specific embodiments of the present invention, the installation site of the high position storage tank is higher than the oil sample container 30cm；
The installation site of the oil sample container is higher than the low level storage tank 30cm.
In specific embodiments of the present invention, the high position storage tank is equipped with temperature control interlayer with the oil sample container, will
Temperature controlled water bath one is connected with the high-order temperature control interlayer of storage tank, the temperature control interlayer of oil sample container respectively, forms closed circuit one.
In specific embodiments of the present invention, temperature controlled water bath two is connected with the hollow sandwich of the cold finger device, shape
Into closed circuit two.
On the other hand, present invention also offers a kind of system for realizing above-mentioned detection method, the detecting system to include at least：
High-order storage tank, oil sample container, low level storage tank, cold finger device, temperature controlled water bath and connecting tube；
High-order storage tank, oil sample container and low level storage tank are formed into oil sample path, the high position storage tank, institute by connecting tube
State oil sample container, the installation site of the low level storage tank reduces successively, crude oil sample is placed in the high-order storage tank and oil sample holds
In device；Cold finger device is set in the oil sample container center, the cold finger device has hollow space, there will be torque output
The agitating paddle of blender is arranged on the hollow space of the cold finger device, and is immersed in institute after being stretched out from the bottom of the hollow space
State in the crude oil sample in oil sample container；
The high position storage tank is equipped with temperature control interlayer with the oil sample container；Temperature controlled water bath one is stored up with the high position respectively
The temperature control interlayer connection of the temperature control interlayer, oil sample container of tank, forms closed circuit one；By temperature controlled water bath two and the cold finger device
Hollow sandwich connection, formed closed circuit two.
Further, the agitating paddle with the blender of torque output is anchor formula paddle or four leaf paddles, it is possible to achieve more
Good mixed effect.
Further, be equipped with blender in the high-order storage tank, the agitating paddle of blender is anchor formula in the high-order storage tank
Agitating paddle, because anchor formula agitating paddle is adapted to the mixing of material in large capacity storage tank.
Further, the power of the temperature controlled water bath one is more than 2.5kW.
Further, the material of the connecting tube is PVC hose, so as to fulfill the anti-effect to fracture of insulation.
The present invention has the advantages that：
(1) in Simulation of Crude Oil pipe conveying procedure provided by the present invention in the detection method of wax deposit, on the one hand by pacifying
High-order storage tank, oil sample container and the low level storage tank that holding position reduces successively form oil sample path, supplement in oil sample container because
The supersaturated wax molecule lost is deposited, the continuous updating of oil sample in sample container is realized, so as to solve traditional cold finger/plate
During method analog detection, the defects of supersaturated wax molecule can not obtain supplement after cold finger/plate surface deposition；
(2) in Simulation of Crude Oil pipe conveying procedure provided by the present invention wax deposit detection method, form respectively and close
Cyclization road one and closed circuit two, so as to establish wax deposit temperature field；By controlling the oil sample temperature in high-order storage tank and oil
Oil sample temperature in sample container is consistent, and the oil sample temperature in oil sample container is higher than the temperature of cold finger apparatus surface, and cold finger fills
The temperature for putting surface is less than the wax precipitation point of crude oil sample, realizes the detection to wax deposit under specified temp field condition；
(3) in Simulation of Crude Oil pipe conveying procedure provided by the present invention wax deposit detection method, based on oil sample container
In the average shear rate thinking equal with actual Guan Liuzhong average shear rates, set and stir in the hollow space of the cold finger device
Device is mixed, by varying the stir speed (S.S.) of the blender, simulation of the stirring shearing to the shearing of pipe stream is realized, detected wax deposit
Journey is closer to pipeline actual conditions；
(4) in Simulation of Crude Oil pipe conveying procedure provided by the present invention wax deposit detecting system, it is proposed that set high
Position storage tank, oil sample container, the installation site of low level storage tank reduce successively, form oil sample path by connecting tube, realize oil sample
Continuous updating, ensure that Wax Sediment Velocity closer to actual pipe stream situation, solves existing batch still cold finger wax deposit
The defects of cannot being supplemented after wax molecule deposition in device；
(5) in Simulation of Crude Oil pipe conveying procedure provided by the present invention wax deposit detecting system, pass through formed two sets
Closed circuit, for its wax deposit process of the partial simulation of pipeline, can more faithfully reflect the wax deposit feelings of pipeline part
Condition；In addition, the hollow space in cold finger device is equipped with blender, the speed of the blender can be adjusted, thus can be with stirring
Mode quantitative simulation pipe stream during shear action so that solve in existing circuit device cannot at the same time analogue flow rate with
The defects of shear rate.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is described in further detail below according to attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the detecting system of wax deposit in Simulation of Crude Oil pipe conveying procedure in embodiment；In figure：1：Control
Tepidarium one；2：High-order storage tank oil sample cavity volume；3：The temperature control interlayer of high-order storage tank；4：High-order storage tank；5：With torque output work(
The blender of energy；6：Oil sample container；7：Oil sample container cavity volume；8：The hollow sandwich of cold finger device；9：Cold finger device；10：Oil sample
The temperature control interlayer of container；11：There is the agitating paddle of the blender of torque output；12：Temperature controlled water bath two；13：Low level storage tank；
14：Inlet control valve；15：Discharge control valve；16：Blender；17：Agitating paddle；
Fig. 2 is the stir speed (S.S.) of blender in the detection method of wax deposit in embodiment Simulation of Crude Oil pipe conveying procedure
Schematic diagram；Ordinate is the output torque M, Nm of blender in figure；Abscissa is stir speed (S.S.) n, r/min；Solid line is MCalculated value
~n function curves；Dotted line is MTest value~n function curves；
In detection methods of the Fig. 3 for wax deposit in embodiment Simulation of Crude Oil pipe conveying procedure, it is attached with after detection
The schematic diagram of the cold finger device of wax deposit layer.
Embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, to this hair
Bright technical solution is clearly and completely described, it is clear that and described embodiment is part of the embodiment of the present invention, without
It is whole embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not before creative work is made
All other embodiments obtained are put, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of detection method of wax deposit in Simulation of Crude Oil pipe conveying procedure, including with
Lower process：
1st, oil sample path is constructed, wax deposit temperature field is established, realizes the continuous updating of oil sample in sample container.
High-order storage tank, oil sample container and low level storage tank are connected by connecting tube first, high-order storage tank, oil sample container with
And the installation site of low level storage tank reduces successively, so as to construct oil sample path.
The research of inventor shows that the purpose of construction oil sample path is to realize the continuous updating of oil sample in sample container, is mended
Because depositing the supersaturated wax molecule lost in oil-filled sample container.Flow velocity size and control accuracy requirement of the condition for oil sample
It is not stringent, oil sample container 30cm is higher than with the installation site of high-order storage tank, the installation site of oil sample container is higher than low level storage tank
30cm, is just fully able to meet the requirements so as to form flow by gravity.
The setting height(from bottom) difference of high-order storage tank and oil sample container is estimated by procedure below：
Wax deposit layer rate of rise is about 0.3mm/h, cold finger device overall diameter d=40mm；Length L=80mm；If wax sinks
The density of product thing is 880kg/m3, then sediment quality rate of rise is 0.00267kg/h, if sediment composition institute in oil sample
Accounting example is 0.04wt%, then corresponding oil sample renewal rate is more than 6.7kg/h, if oil sample density is 800kg/m3, i.e. 8.4L/
H, you can the wax molecule for ensureing to be lost during wax deposit in oil sample can be supplemented.
Oil sample is to enter oil sample container by high-order storage tank by flow by gravity, can be calculated according to hydromechanical basic principle
Flow velocity is：
As the setting height(from bottom) difference 30cm of high-order storage tank and oil sample container, theoretical delivery is reachable in the communicating pipe of internal diameter 10mm
To Q=686L/h, even if considering pipe stream frictional resistance and local resistance, above-mentioned oil sample renewal should be still fully met from pressure drain passageway
Traffic requirement.
Next, in order to establish wax deposit temperature field, it is necessary to control in oil sample temperature and the oil sample container in high-order storage tank
Oil sample temperature is consistent；The oil sample temperature in oil sample container is controlled to be higher than the temperature of cold finger apparatus surface, and cold finger apparatus surface
Temperature be less than crude oil sample wax precipitation point so that wax deposit can occur on cold finger surface.
In order to facilitate practical operation, temperature can be equipped with two different temperature controlled water baths and high-order storage tank oil sample cavity volume
Degree measurement and control device, wax deposit temperature conditionss are determined according to temperature control equipment；Can be in high-order storage tank and oil sample container
Be all provided with temperature control interlayer, by temperature controlled water bath one respectively the temperature control interlayer with high-order storage tank, oil sample container temperature control interlayer be connected, formed
Closed circuit one, so as to ensure that the oil sample in high-order storage tank is consistent with the temperature of the oil sample in oil sample container；In oil sample container
The heart sets cold finger device, and cold finger device is equipped with hollow sandwich, temperature controlled water bath two is connected with the hollow sandwich of cold finger device, formation is closed
Cyclization road two.
2nd, the stir speed (S.S.) of blender corresponding under the conditions of the definite actual pipe stream of simulation
The present invention is by varying the stir speed (S.S.) in oil sample container so that the average shear rate of oil sample in agitator tankWith
Actual Guan Liuzhong average shear rates are equal, simulate the pipe stream shearing force that its surface is born in wax deposit layer formation process.According to
Described computational methods in the prior art, respectively carry out the sample average shear under the conditions of two kinds of pipeline and stirring
The calculating of rate：
Average shear rate under the conditions of pipeline：
Average shear rate under stirring condition：
Make it is described two under the conditions of average shear rate it is equal, obtain the expression formula of moment of torsion and Rate Product Mn：
In above-mentioned formula (3), M represents the output torque of blender；N represents stir speed (S.S.)；F represents crude oil sample pipeline
The process coefficient of friction resistance；U represents the flow velocity of crude oil sample in the duct；ρ represents the density of crude oil sample；D represents conveyance conduit
Caliber；V represents the volume of crude oil sample described in oil sample container；
The right of above formula is inserted according to actual pipe stream condition, has obtained f ρ u3The numerical value of V/ (π D), that is, realize that simulation is real
Border pipe stream, it is desirable to the numerical value of the output torque of blender and the product Mn of stir speed (S.S.) and f ρ u3V/ (π D) is equal；
According to f ρ u3The numerical values recited of V/ (π D), obtains disclosure satisfy that the moment of torsion M for different stir speed (S.S.) n of above formula
Calculated value, establishes MCalculated value~n function curves；
There is torque output blender described in opening, for the crude oil sample in the oil sample container, change
The stir speed (S.S.) of blender described in the cold finger device, determines the moment of torsion M test values for different stir speed (S.S.) n.It can adopt
With the blender with the 60 Control models of IKA EURO STAR of torque output, carried out for oil sample to be tested
Moment of torsion scanning in 20r/min~300r/min speed ranges, establishes MTest value~n function curves；
By MCalculated value~n function curves, and MTest valueThe intersection point of~n function curves, obtains cutting under the conditions of simulation pipeline
The stir speed (S.S.) n* of the blender corresponding to cutting speed rate.
3rd, carry out detection, obtain wax deposit, characterize wax deposition
Setting completed for oil sample container stirrer speed, open oil sample path, control respectively high-order storage tank, oil sample container and
After the temperature of cold finger device, when maintaining stirring t small, the cold finger device of attaching oil wax deposit is taken out from oil sample container.
The cold finger schematic device for being attached with wax deposit is shown in Fig. 3.The wax deposit layer of cold finger device end face is removed, takes weighed suction
Oilpaper, the wax layer being sticked in cold finger device wall is scraped on oil-Absorbing Sheets, be re-weighed after wrapping with blade；It is front and rear to weigh it twice
Difference is the quality m of wax deposit, then obtains the thickness δ of wax deposit layer through conversion, calculates wax deposit layer rate of rise δ/t.
Specifically, for known outside diameter d, the cold finger device of length L, the conversion of wax deposit layer thickness and wax deposit layer quality
Relation is shown in formula (5)：
In formula m be deposit quality, kg；D is cold finger device outside diameter, m；ρ is sediment density, kg/m3；L is cold finger
Device length, m；And then the rate of rise δ/t, t for obtaining wax deposit layer thickness in detection time-continuing process are detection duration, h.
Embodiment 1
The detection method of wax deposit in the Simulation of Crude Oil pipe conveying procedure of Dagang Oilfield plate North block gathering pipeline is simulated,
Comprise the following steps：
Wax deposit detection, specific duty parameter such as table 1 are carried out using the crude oil of Dagang Oilfield plate North block.
1 actual condition detail parameters of table
According to formula 1), under the working condition, the average shear rate of pipe stream shearing is 4.26s-1。
Crude oil sample is placed in high-order storage tank (sample-loading amount 5L) and oil sample container in (sample-loading amount 0.942L) before detection starts,
The installation site of high-order storage tank is higher than oil sample container 30cm, and the installation site of oil sample container is higher than low level storage tank 30cm；
Establish temperature field：Closed circuit one and closed circuit two are opened, is 27 DEG C of (moulds by the temperature setting of temperature controlled water bath one
It is 27 DEG C to intend oil temperature in pipe), it is 25 DEG C of (simulation tube wall temperatures, less than the analysis of crude oil sample by the temperature setting of temperature controlled water bath two
35 DEG C of wax point).
The blender in high-order storage tank is opened, setting stir speed (S.S.) is 200r/min, ensures that high-order storage tank Crude Oil is heated
Uniformly.Observe the temperature registration in temperature controlled water bath one, the constant temperature 20min after it reaches assigned temperature.
1) stir speed (S.S.) n* is determined
According to the definite method of above stir speed (S.S.), f ρ u are obtained according to actual pipe stream condition first3The number of V/ (π D)
Value, required parameter such as table 2：
2 pipeline of table and oil sample container parameters
The parameter provided according to upper table, substitutes into formula (3) and can determine that pipe stream average shear rate is interior due to stirring with oil sample container
Mix the shear rate to be formed it is equal when Mn values.
Above formula medium-rate unit is converted into r/min by r/h, then Mn=0.0269 × 60=1.614
Using having the function of the blender of torque output, in the range of 20r/min~300r/min stir speed (S.S.)s, change is stirred
Speed is mixed, obtains being directed to different stir speed (S.S.) n, obtains corresponding moment of torsion M calculated values, and obtain such as bold portion in Fig. 2
MCalculated value~n function curves；
Opening has the function of the blender of torque output, and the crude oil sample in oil sample container is stirred, changes it and stirs
Speed is mixed, obtains being directed to different stir speed (S.S.) n, obtains corresponding moment of torsion M test values, establish MTest value~n function curves；
Speed as corresponding to the intersection point of two curves of figure is n*=71r/min, obtains the present embodiment simulation pipeline
Under the conditions of blender 5 corresponding to shear rate stir speed (S.S.) n*=71r/min.
Oil sample path valve is opened, starts to detect：
Wait that connecting water-bath of the high-order storage tank with being connected cold finger reaches specified constant temperature time, adjusting has the function of torque output
The stir speed (S.S.) of blender 5, reaches 71r/min, first opens discharge control valve, be then turned on inlet control valve, starts to count
When.Adjusted out during detection according to high-order tank level change correspondence, the aperture of inlet control valve, coutroi velocity.
Detection terminates, there is provided wax deposit layer quality m, is calculated wax deposit layer thickness δ：
Before detection time as defined in be achieved, prepare oil-Absorbing Sheets, be weighed as 5.45g.Stirring is first closed after reaching the time
Device, turns off inlet control valve, finally closes discharge control valve；It is then careful to take out the cold finger device for being attached with wax deposit layer,
The deposit of cold finger the bottom of the device is removed, the deposit in cold finger device wall is scraped on oil-Absorbing Sheets with blade, is wrapped again
7.762g is weighed as, the difference of front and rear weight twice is sediment quality m=2.312g.
Converted using formula (5), it is 0.589mm to obtain thickness of deposits δ；I.e. wax sinks in the detection time t of 0.42h
Lamination rate of rise δ/t is 1.402mm/h.
On the other hand, present invention also offers a kind of detecting system of wax deposit in Simulation of Crude Oil pipe conveying procedure, Fig. 1
For the schematic diagram of the detecting system of wax deposit in Simulation of Crude Oil pipe conveying procedure in the present embodiment, which includes：It is high
Position storage tank 4, oil sample container 6, cold finger device 9, low level storage tank 13, temperature controlled water bath 1,12 and blender 5,16；
High-order storage tank 4 is stirred tank, and volume 5L, high-order storage tank 4 is equipped with oil sample cavity volume 2, high-order storage tank temperature control interlayer 3 and stirs
Mix device 16；Oil sample cavity volume 2 accommodates crude oil sample, and oil sample cavity volume 2 is connected by inlet control valve 14 with oil sample container 6, high
The installation site of position storage tank 4 must be higher than the installation site 30cm of oil sample container 6；
Oil sample container 6 is the stainless steel cylindrical container equipped with temperature control interlayer, volume 1L；The position that oil sample container 6 is installed
The installation site 30cm of low level storage tank 13 must be higher than by putting；Cold finger device 9, blender 5 and oil sample container control are equipped with oil sample container 6
Warm interlayer 10；Oil sample container temperature control interlayer 10 is connected with high-order storage tank temperature control interlayer 3 and temperature controlled water bath 1 respectively, and formation is closed
Cyclization road one, so as to ensure that the oil sample in high-order storage tank 4 is consistent with the oil sample temperature in oil sample container 6；
Cold finger device 9 is in oil sample container center, is the thin cylinder of hollow stainless steel, and cold finger device 9 is equipped with hollow sandwich 8,
The hollow sandwich 8 of cold finger device is connected to temperature controlled water bath two, forms closed circuit two；
The volume of low level storage tank 13 is at least 5L, its installation site must be less than the installation site 30cm of oil sample container 6, low level
Storage tank 13 is connected with oil sample container 6；High-order storage tank 4 is connected with oil sample container 6, low level storage tank 13, constitutes oil sample path,
Oil sample flows into oil sample container 6 by high-order storage tank 4 under gravity, is equally flowed under gravity by oil sample container 6
Low level storage tank 13, it is achieved thereby that the continuous updating of oil sample；
Cold finger device 9 has hollow space, has the function of the blender 5 of torque output from the bottom of 9 hollow space of cold finger device
After portion is stretched out, it is immersed in the crude oil sample in oil sample container；This has the function of that the agitating paddle 11 of the blender 5 of torque output is
Anchor formula paddle or four leaf paddles, so as to realize the shear action during simulation pipe stream in a manner of stirring；
Blender 16 is equipped with high-order storage tank 4, the agitating paddle 17 of the blender 16 is anchor formula agitating paddle, is uniformly mixed a high position
Oil sample in storage tank oil sample cavity volume 2；
Temperature measure and control dress is equipped with two different temperature controlled water baths 1,12 and high-order storage tank oil sample cavity volume 2
Put, certain temperature conditionss set detection according to temperature control equipment；Need to control high-order storage tank temperature control interlayer 3 and oil sample to hold
The temperature of device temperature control interlayer 10 is identical, could make it that oil sample temperature ensures certain in detection process；On the other hand, it is necessary to control oil
The temperature of sample container temperature control interlayer 10 must be higher than the temperature of the hollow sandwich 8 of cold finger device, and the temperature of cold finger apparatus surface
Less than the wax precipitation point of crude oil sample, so that wax deposit can occur in cold finger apparatus surface；
The power of temperature controlled water bath one is 3kW, selects high-power model to ensure that water jacket can complete temperature control and water circulates；
The PVC hose of the anti-folding of material selection of connecting tube, to ensure that circulation is unimpeded, temperature control is accurate.
The detection process of wax deposit is as follows in Simulation of Crude Oil pipe conveying procedure in the present embodiment：
1. the oil sample of certain volume is added into high-order storage tank oil sample cavity volume 2 and oil sample container 6；
2. opening temperature controlled water bath 1 and temperature controlled water bath 2 12, assigned temperature, turn on agitator 16 are set to；
3. treating that temperature controlled water bath 1, temperature controlled water bath 2 12, the oil sample cavity volume 2 of high-order storage tank 4 reach predetermined temperature, open out
Mouth control valve 15, opens the blender 5 with torque output, and timing starts to detect；
4. detection time as defined in be achieved, first closes inlet control valve 14, turns off discharge control valve 15, finally close
There is the blender 5 of torque output；
5. after the blender 5 with torque output stops operating 30s, cold finger device 9 is taken out, removes cold finger device
The deposit of bottom, takes the oil-Absorbing Sheets for having weighed up weight, is scraped the deposit in cold finger device wall on oil-Absorbing Sheets with blade, bag
It is re-weighed after wrapping；The front and rear difference weighed twice just obtains the weight of wax deposit, then can obtain the thickness of wax deposit layer through conversion
Degree.
6. change following testing conditions：There is the mixing time of torque output blender 5, there is torque output
Stir speed (S.S.), the oil temperature of blender 5, study influence of each factor to wax deposit process.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe is described in detail the present invention with reference to foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：Its according to
Can so modify to the technical solution described in foregoing embodiments, either to which part or all technical characteristic into
Row equivalent substitution；And these modifications or replacement, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from various embodiments of the present invention technology
The scope of scheme.
Claims (10)
1. the detection method of wax deposit in a kind of Simulation of Crude Oil pipe conveying procedure, the detection method includes following process：
High-order storage tank, oil sample container and low level storage tank are formed into oil sample path by connecting tube, and it is the high-order storage tank, described
The position of oil sample container and the low level storage tank reduces successively, and crude oil sample to be measured is placed in high-order storage tank and oil sample container
In；
Cold finger device is set in the oil sample container center, the cold finger device has hollow space, there will be torque output
The agitating paddle of blender is arranged on the hollow space of the cold finger device, and is immersed in institute after being stretched out from the bottom of the hollow space
State in the crude oil sample in oil sample container；Control the oil sample temperature in the high-order storage tank and the oil in the oil sample container
Sample temperature is consistent；Oil sample temperature in the oil sample container is higher than the temperature of the cold finger apparatus surface, and the cold finger device
The temperature on surface is less than the wax precipitation point of the crude oil sample；
Pipeline is carried out to the crude oil sample respectively and stirs the calculating of average shear rate under the conditions of two kinds, is made described two
Under the conditions of average shear rate it is equal, and establish based on the average shear rate moment of torsion M and stir speed (S.S.) n products Mn of blender
Expression formula；
According to the expression formula of the Mn, for different stir speed (S.S.) n, determine corresponding moment of torsion M calculated values, establish MCalculated value~n letters
Number curve；
Open in the cold finger device it is described there is the blender of torque output, to the original in the oil sample container
Oil sample is stirred, and changes its stir speed (S.S.), is obtained being directed to different stir speed (S.S.) n, is obtained corresponding moment of torsion M test values, build
Vertical MTest value~n function curves；
By MCalculated value~n function curves, and MTest valueThe intersection point of~n function curves, obtains averagely cutting under the conditions of simulation pipeline
The stir speed (S.S.) n* of the blender corresponding to cutting speed rate；
The stir speed (S.S.) of the blender is arranged to the stir speed (S.S.) n* corresponding to the intersection point, controls the high-order storage respectively
The temperature of tank, the oil sample container and the cold finger device, opens the oil sample path, described under flow by gravity effect
Crude oil sample is flowed out from the high-order storage tank, enters the low level storage tank after flowing through the oil sample container, wax deposit experiment starts；
When maintaining stirring t small, the cold finger device for being attached to wax deposit is taken out from the oil sample container, weighs to obtain
The quality m of the wax deposit, conversion obtain the thickness δ of wax deposit layer, calculate wax deposit layer rate of rise δ/t,
Wherein, pipeline is carried out to the crude oil sample respectively and stirs the calculating of average shear rate under the conditions of two kinds：
Average shear rate under the conditions of pipeline：
Average shear rate under stirring condition：
Make it is described two under the conditions of average shear rate it is equal, obtain the expression formula of moment of torsion and Rate Product Mn：
In formula (3), M represents the output torque of blender；N represents stir speed (S.S.)；F represents the crude oil sample pipe conveying procedure
The coefficient of friction resistance；U represents the flow velocity of the crude oil sample in the duct；ρ represents the density of the crude oil sample；D represents conveying
The caliber of pipeline；V represents the volume of crude oil sample described in the oil sample container.
2. detection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described that there is stirring for the blender of torque output
Mixing speed can be adjusted, and the moment of torsion carried out for the crude oil sample in 20r/min~300r/min speed ranges scans.
3. detection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the installation site of the high position storage tank is higher than the oil
Sample container 30cm；The installation site of the oil sample container is higher than the low level storage tank 30cm.
4. detection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be all provided with the high-order storage tank with the oil sample container
There is temperature control interlayer, temperature controlled water bath one is connected with the high-order temperature control interlayer of storage tank, the temperature control interlayer of oil sample container respectively, shape
Into closed circuit one.
5. the detection method according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that by temperature controlled water bath two and the cold finger device
Hollow sandwich connects, and forms closed circuit two.
6. a kind of system for realizing any one of the claim 1-5 detection methods, it is characterised in that the system includes at least：
High-order storage tank, oil sample container, low level storage tank, cold finger device, temperature controlled water bath and connecting tube；
High-order storage tank, oil sample container and low level storage tank are formed into oil sample path, the high position storage tank, the oil by connecting tube
The installation site of sample container and the low level storage tank reduces successively, and crude oil sample is placed in high-order storage tank and oil sample container；
Cold finger device is set in the oil sample container center, the cold finger device has hollow space, there will be torque output
The agitating paddle of blender is arranged on the hollow space of the cold finger device, and is immersed in institute after being stretched out from the bottom of the hollow space
State in the crude oil sample in oil sample container；
Be equipped with temperature control interlayer with the oil sample container in the high-order storage tank, by temperature controlled water bath one respectively with the high-order storage tank
Temperature control interlayer, the oil sample container temperature control interlayer connection, formed closed circuit one；
Temperature controlled water bath two is connected with the hollow sandwich of the cold finger device, forms closed circuit two.
7. system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the agitating paddle with the blender of torque output
For anchor formula paddle or four leaf paddles.
8. system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that blender, the high-order storage are equipped with the high position storage tank
The agitating paddle of blender is anchor formula agitating paddle in tank.
9. system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the power of the temperature controlled water bath one is more than 2.5kW.
10. system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the material of the connecting tube is PVC hose.
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| CN106908589B (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2018-06-15 | 东北石油大学 | Quantitatively characterizing waxy crude oil wax crystalline substance Aggregation Test device and its quantitatively characterizing method |
| CN106872673B (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2018-06-29 | 东北石油大学 | The experimental rig and method that quantitatively characterizing shearing effect influences wax crystalline substance Assembling Behavior |
| US11125735B2 (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2021-09-21 | Championx Usa Inc. | Dynamic wax deposition testing systems and methods |
| CN107255672B (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2020-07-17 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Crude oil compression coefficient experiment system and method based on ultrasonic measurement |
| CN110044783B (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2021-10-01 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | High-pressure oil-gas-water pipe flow wax deposition simulation experiment device |
| CN110208500B (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2023-11-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Crude oil pipeline wax sediment pipe cleaning simulation experiment method |
| CN113588478A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-11-02 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Wax deposition simulation equipment |
| CN113588483A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-11-02 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | System and method for testing high-temperature deposition performance of engine coolant |
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