CN105699186A - Method for testing and evaluating angle-variable kinetic performance of metal resistance spot welding point - Google Patents
Method for testing and evaluating angle-variable kinetic performance of metal resistance spot welding point Download PDFInfo
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- CN105699186A CN105699186A CN201610124500.5A CN201610124500A CN105699186A CN 105699186 A CN105699186 A CN 105699186A CN 201610124500 A CN201610124500 A CN 201610124500A CN 105699186 A CN105699186 A CN 105699186A
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- solder joint
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
Abstract
The invention provides a corresponding method for testing and evaluating kinetic performance of a metal panel resistance spot welding point under compound loading conditions on the basis of a welding point failure judgment model. The method includes the following steps of firstly, preparing a sample before welding; secondly, conducting a spot welding test; thirdly, testing the kinetic performance of the spot welding point at different loading angles; fourthly, processing test data; fifthly, establishing the welding point compound loading failure kinetic performance judgment model. By means of the method, through several shear stretch and positive drawing tests, the failure judgment model of the corresponding material welding point under shear-positive compound loading conditions can be established after simple data fitting, and the simulation and prediction on the aspects of kinetic performance, failure modes and the like of the welding point under complex stress states are achieved in the automobile safety value simulating process, and the method has the advantages of being simple in procedure, low in test and evaluation cost, high in efficiency and the like and is beneficial for improving the domestic existing automobile safety simulating technological level.
Description
Art:
The invention belongs to a kind of metallic resistance weld nugget varied angle mechanical property test evaluation methodology, it is adaptable to all kinds of sheet metal resistance spot welding solder joint simulation and prediction of mechanical property, failure mode when Combined Loading。
Background technology:
Spot-welding technology is to apply one of most commonly used interconnection technique means in many industry manufacture field that automobile is representative at present, in the actual military service process of automobile product, solder joint usually will bear simultaneously along faying face distribution shearing splitting power and along solder joint normal direction distribution forward pulling force, actual be presented as both loading forces make a concerted effort。Therefore, the mechanical property more single loading mode of change of research solder joint under combined stress loading environment more tallies with the actual situation。In addition, it is widely used in automobile making recently as all kinds of advanced materials such as high-strength steel, unimach, become the topmost raw material classification of automotive safety structural member, study these material solder joints and in the more real mechanical behavior characteristic being on active service under carrying environment, the safe design development technique level being pushed further into China's automobile is significant。
Secondly, Method for Numerical has become as one of most basic, important technological means of domestic and international automotive safety design field in recent years。The inefficacy adopting Method for Numerical butt welding point is simulated, and can be prevented effectively from the impact on result of the test of the actual experimental error, and the various influence factors of butt welding point carry out comprehensive study and analysis neatly。By simulating, the mechanical property of solder joint each on automobile, failure mode etc. are predicted, the experiment work amount actually occurred can be greatly reduced, significantly reduce enterprise development cost, promote development efficiency。
Butt welding point carries out it is critical only that of numerical simulation and promotes the precision simulated, and namely analog result can reflect the true mechanical property Changing Pattern of solder joint to the full extent, and first this have benefited from the foundation of rational solder joint failure model。The domestic simulation for auto parts and components solder joint failure at present is still in the starting stage, a large amount of enterprises are when carrying out vehicle safety performance simulation or unspecial butt welding point is analyzed, the solder joint model still continuing to use the subsidiary simplification of some simulation softwards processes, mostly cannot reflect the mechanical property characteristic of solder joint under actual Service Environment due to these models accurately, often lead to exist between analog result and actual experimental result bigger gap。Foreign study person is in recent years based on sheet metal welding spot structure characteristic, from fracture mechanics angle, establishes solder joint failure decision model more reasonable, reliable, and is successfully applied in simulation, achieve good effect。
At present, the typical simulation softwares such as such as ABAQUS, Explicit, LS-DYNA3D mainly use so-called oval failure model, its form formula specific as follows (1) for solder joint failure。
In above formula: fsWith fnLoading force score value in and normal direction both direction tangential along faying face in solder joint for practical function；FsWith FnForce value is stretched through testing the maximum shear stress drawn with maximum forward for solder joint。Work as FeDuring value=1, namely judge that solder joint lost efficacy。
By the model that above-mentioned formula (1) is proposed carry out improve improvement, it is proposed to another kind of solder joint failure decision model concrete form such as formula (2), β is fitting coefficient。Work as FeWhen value meets=1, namely judge that solder joint lost efficacy。
Currently, when the mechanical property of solder joint, failure behaviour in the Service Environment such as collision etc. are simulated by domestic a large amount of Automobile Enterprises, it is unclear that how applying correlation test means gets parms, and by certain flow chart of data processing, corresponding solder joint model is built。
The literature search result of existing correlation technique is shown: CN101614637 discloses " a kind of device measuring tensile strength of solder joint and test method ", describe a kind of single forward drawing process based on box-like sample design, the deformation uniformity requirement of tensile surface, solder joint place can be met；CN201477012U discloses " clamping apparatus for variable-angle shear test " and describes a kind of varied angle Mechanics Performance Testing fixture based on double; two V-arrangement sample structures, it is adaptable to the mass of all types of industries formed material performance is tested；CN202649056U discloses " for measuring the assay device of solder joint shear strength ", describes and a kind of can ensure that solder joint keeps the fixture of pure shear state in drawing process；CN104785947A discloses one " judging the method that under compound action, tack-weld lost efficacy ", based on " U " type sample design, carry out on a series of Mechanics Performance Testing basis in butt welding point, propose the solder joint fail-ure criterion model when Combined Loading, but the method flow process is complicated, experiment work amount is bigger, and it is applicable to general common iron, for at present at automotive field widely used all kinds of unimach such as hot forming steel etc., it is difficult to the requirement meeting the processing of " U " type sample to operations such as bendings because intensity is too high。
In sum, above method and fixture thereof or be only capable of realizing butt welding point test of mechanical property under the status conditions such as single shearing, forward stretching, and for how by carrying out test, building corresponding solder joint failure decision model, and be applied in security value (s) simulation process to go involved by nothing。Or experiment process excessively complicates, and the requirement of sample processing is higher, especially for the material of the higher intensity such as hot forming steel inapplicable。
This patent is based on above-mentioned situation, towards auto enterprises, it is provided that based on the Test model synthetic techniques of a kind of solder joint failure decision model。Solder joint for different qualities, by certain step, in conjunction with Correlation method for data processing means, build concrete solder joint failure decision model, and it being applied in simulating car collision, it is achieved butt welding point is the High Precision Simulation prediction of mechanical property, failure conditions under multiple computation model。
Summary of the invention:
For promoting domestic present stage auto parts and components solder joint military service performance simulation technical merit, this patent is for a kind of solder joint failure decision model, propose the relevant parameter based on this model construction and test collection and handling process method, relevant parameter is obtained by research technique, set up failure model, and applied in simulating car collision, the accuracy of solder joint failure prediction can be promoted。Specifically comprise the following steps that
1. a metallic resistance weld nugget varied angle mechanical property test evaluation methodology, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: carry out welding front sample and prepare；
Step 2: carry out spot-welding test；
Step 3: carry out the weld nugget mechanical property test under different load angle；
Step 4: carry out experimental data processing；
Step 5: set up solder joint Combined Loading inefficacy mechanics performance judgment model。
Described step 1, needs before weldering test weld print is carried out surface decontamination pretreatment, and sample comprises " shearing-type " and " just pull-up " two kinds of symmetric form bridging arrangements。
Described step 2, completes two kinds of spot-welding samples by same parameters condition on welding equipment and prepares, and electrode specification, parameter are arranged should be completely the same with actual production process, in addition it is ensured that bond pad locations is in upper and lower side print overlap center in welding process。
Described step 3, idiographic flow is as follows:
Step 301: be placed on material stretch test machine by " shearing-type " spot-welding sample and complete 0 ° of extension test, repeated trials 3 times, records each solder joint maximum shear force value, and obtains meansigma methods；
Step 302: utilize fixture to complete the assembling of " just pull-up " spot-welding sample, and adjust fixture to 30 ° of stretch positions, fixture is placed on material stretch test machine and completes 30 ° of extension tests, repeated trials 3 times, record each spot welding maximum load force value, and obtain meansigma methods；
Step 303: according to step 302 flow process, completes 60 ° of extension tests；
Step 304: according to step 302 flow process, complete extension test in 90 °。
Described step 4, based on the maximum load power meansigma methods of load angle and correspondence thereof, tries to achieve loading force score value corresponding in solder joint pure shear, normal direction both direction by calculating；
Described step 5, when based on different load angle, the load score value of and normal direction both direction tangential along solder joint, adopts elliptic curve relationship model formula that test data is fitted, sets up the solder joint failure load decision model when Combined Loading。
This patent provides the solder joint ellipse fail-ure criterion model of a kind of advanced person towards vast Automobile Enterprises, and give the experimental technique method building this model accordingly, compared with prior art level, efficiently solve the problem that the emulation of domestic current automobile industry ubiquitous solder joint is mutually isolated with solder joint test。Additionally, the experiment process proposed based on this patent model is simple and easy to do, only by carrying out simple several groups of tension tests, corresponding solder joint failure model can be set up, be applied in automotive safety analogue simulation。For vast Automobile Enterprises, one of can yet be regarded as effectively, solder joint security performance emulation technology support means efficiently。
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 sheet metal resistance spot welding solder joint 0 ° shears mechanical property test schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 sheet metal resistance spot welding solder joint varied angle loads (30 °, 60 °, 90 °) rigging position schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 " shearing-type " sample structure figure；
Fig. 4 " just pull-up " sample structure figure；
The stressing conditions schematic diagram of solder joint when Fig. 5 Combined Loading；
Fig. 6 DP600 solder joint shearing force-positive pull-up curve schematic diagram when Combined Loading。
Detailed description of the invention:
In conjunction with Fig. 1～Fig. 6, this patent idiographic flow is described further:
Step 1: prepare before weldering, specific as follows:
Needing before weldering test weld print is carried out surface decontamination pretreatment, such as Fig. 3～4, overlap joint pattern is " shearing-type " sample and two kinds of structures of " just pull-up " sample。
Step 2: carry out spot-welding test, specific as follows:
Completing two kinds of spot-welding tests by same parameters condition on equipment, electrode specification, parameter are arranged should be completely the same with actual production process, in addition it is ensured that bond pad locations is in upper and lower side print overlap center in welding process。
Step 3: carry out the weld nugget mechanical property test under different load angle, specific as follows:
First, such as Fig. 1, " shearing-type " sample is placed on cupping machine and completes 0 ° of extension test, repeated trials 3 times, record each solder joint maximum shear force value, and obtain meansigma methods。
Secondly, test fixture completes the assembling of " just pull-up " sample, by adjustment fixture to 30 ° of tension test positions (such as Fig. 2), fixture is placed on cupping machine and completes 30 ° of extension tests, repeated trials 3 times, records each spot welding maximum load force value, and obtains meansigma methods。
3rd, test fixture completes the assembling of " just pull-up " sample, by adjustment fixture to 60 ° of tension test positions (such as Fig. 2), fixture is placed on cupping machine and completes 60 ° of extension tests, repeated trials 3 times, records each spot welding maximum load force value, and obtains meansigma methods。
4th, test fixture completes the assembling of " just pull-up " sample, by adjustment fixture to 90 ° of tension test positions (such as Fig. 2), it is placed on cupping machine by fixture complete extension test in 90 °, repeated trials 3 times, records each spot welding maximum load force value, and obtains meansigma methods。
Step 4: carry out experimental data processing, specific as follows:
By above-mentioned 0 °, 90 ° tension tests, try to achieve solder joint maximum shear corresponding in modular form (2), just draw load force value (Fs、Fn)。For 30 °, 60 ° tension test maximum load force value, the loading force score value in corresponding, normal direction both direction tangential along solder joint faying face is tried to achieve in through type (3)～(4)。
fs=Fcos α (3)
fs=Fsin α (4)
In formula (3), (4), F is the solder joint maximum load force value when specified angle, and α is the angle between external force loading direction and solder joint faying face, such as Fig. 5。According to result of the test, can by the common data such as such as Origin process Software on Drawing go out corresponding based on different load angle when solder joint tangential force and positive pulling force between relation curve, wherein when pure shear, positive pulling force is 0, and pure brace members down cut power is 0。
Step 5: set up solder joint Combined Loading inefficacy mechanics performance judgment model, specific as follows:
By pure shear, pure draw the maximum load force value (F recorded under two kinds of conditionss、Fn) substitute into formula (2), form corresponding fitting function, the self-defining function matching function that software possesses is processed by common data such as Origin, to above-mentioned based on different load angle when solder joint tangential force and positive pulling force between relation curve carry out data fitting, try to achieve corresponding fitting coefficient β value, this solder joint fail-ure criterion model when Combined Loading can be set up。
Below for DP600, postwelding, according to 0 °, 30 °, 60 °, 90 ° angle orders, carries out tension test, wherein repeats 3 times under each angle conditions, average。Result of the test is table 1 such as。Test under each angle conditions is obtained maximum load force value combine with corresponding angle value, according to formula (3), (4) requirement, loading force score value in corresponding, normal direction both direction tangential along solder joint faying face when calculating different angles, such as table 2。
Table 1DP600 stretch test result
Table 2DP600 tension test data processed result
Such as Fig. 6, the loading force score value in, the normal direction both direction tangential along solder joint faying face calculated is depicted as coordinate curve, with positive pulling force for abscissa, with shearing force for vertical coordinate under each angle conditions corresponding in table 2。Further by 0 ° with 90 ° of two load angles when the maximum tangential force (F that recordss), positive pulling force (Fn) respectively as two denominator value in formula (2), such as formula (5)。
Finally, utilize the data analysis software such as Origin, adopt above formula (5) that the shearing force shown in Fig. 6-positive tensile relationship curve is carried out Function Fitting, the beta coefficient value of correspondence can be obtained, set up based on the DP600 steel solder joint fail-ure criterion model (formula (6)) when Combined Loading, and be applied in finite element simulation。
Claims (6)
1. a metallic resistance weld nugget varied angle mechanical property test evaluation methodology, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1: carry out welding front sample and prepare；
Step 2: carry out spot-welding test；
Step 3: carry out the weld nugget mechanical property test under different load angle；
Step 4: carry out experimental data processing；
Step 5: set up solder joint Combined Loading inefficacy mechanics performance judgment model。
2. metallic resistance weld nugget varied angle mechanical property test evaluation methodology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: needing test weld print is carried out surface decontamination pretreatment before the weldering of described step 1, sample includes " shearing-type " and " just pull-up " two kinds of symmetric form bridging arrangements。
3. metallic resistance weld nugget varied angle mechanical property test evaluation methodology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step 2 completes two kinds of spot-welding samples by same parameters condition on welding equipment and prepares, electrode specification, parameter are arranged should be completely the same with actual production process, guarantees that bond pad locations is in upper and lower side print overlap center in addition in welding process。
4. metallic resistance weld nugget varied angle mechanical property test evaluation methodology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 3 idiographic flow is as follows:
Step 301: be placed on material stretch test machine by " shearing-type " spot-welding sample and complete 0 ° of extension test, repeated trials 3 times, records each solder joint maximum shear force value, and obtains meansigma methods；
Step 302: utilize fixture to complete the assembling of " just pull-up " spot-welding sample, and adjust fixture to 30 ° of stretch positions, fixture is placed on material stretch test machine and completes 30 ° of extension tests, repeated trials 3 times, record each spot welding maximum load force value, and obtain meansigma methods；
Step 303: according to step 302 flow process, completes 60 ° of extension tests；
Step 304: according to step 302 flow process, complete extension test in 90 °。
5. metallic resistance weld nugget varied angle mechanical property test evaluation methodology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: step 4 based on the maximum load power meansigma methods of load angle and correspondence, tries to achieve loading force score value corresponding in, normal direction both direction tangential along solder joint by calculating。
6. metallic resistance weld nugget varied angle mechanical property test evaluation methodology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the load score value of and normal direction both direction tangential along solder joint when step 5 is based on the different load angle tried to achieve, with a kind of novel " ellipse " curve linear relationship formula for self-defining function, test data is fitted, sets up the solder joint fail-ure criterion model when Combined Loading。
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Cited By (11)
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| CN105910898A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-08-31 | 新兴铸管股份有限公司 | Clamp used for shearing test of welding material and application method of clamp |
| CN106596000A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-04-26 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所 | Composite material porefilling compression strength allowable design value test method based on AML |
| CN106595999A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-04-26 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所 | Composite material pore-filling tensile strength design allowable value test method based on AML method |
| CN106840874A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-06-13 | 航天科工防御技术研究试验中心 | A kind of laser welding overlaps weldment shearing force performance test methods |
| CN108387443A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-08-10 | 吉林大学 | A kind of multi-direction load solder joint thin plate test specimen tensile fatigue Special test fixture |
| CN109443914A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-03-08 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Variable-angle compression-shear test fixture and its application method |
| CN109799137A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-05-24 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of varied angle tensile test device and method |
| CN110031288A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-07-19 | 王渡初 | A kind of plate pure shear experiment loading device |
| CN110426282A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-11-08 | 惠州亿纬锂能股份有限公司 | A kind of lithium ion battery Laser Welding effect testing method and fixture |
| CN113218760A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-06 | 江西迪比科股份有限公司 | Method for testing tension of welding spot of power cap of edge covering structure |
| CN115338524A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-11-15 | 湖北三江航天万峰科技发展有限公司 | Resistance spot welding process method for thin-wall aluminum alloy box body |
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| CN105910898A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-08-31 | 新兴铸管股份有限公司 | Clamp used for shearing test of welding material and application method of clamp |
| CN106596000A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-04-26 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所 | Composite material porefilling compression strength allowable design value test method based on AML |
| CN106595999A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-04-26 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所 | Composite material pore-filling tensile strength design allowable value test method based on AML method |
| CN106596000B (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2019-04-23 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所 | Composite material filling perforation compressive strength Design permissible value test method based on AML method |
| CN106840874A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-06-13 | 航天科工防御技术研究试验中心 | A kind of laser welding overlaps weldment shearing force performance test methods |
| CN108387443B (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2023-08-08 | 吉林大学 | Special test fixture for tensile fatigue of multi-direction loading welding spot sheet test piece |
| CN108387443A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-08-10 | 吉林大学 | A kind of multi-direction load solder joint thin plate test specimen tensile fatigue Special test fixture |
| CN109443914A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2019-03-08 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Variable-angle compression-shear test fixture and its application method |
| CN109799137A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-05-24 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of varied angle tensile test device and method |
| CN109799137B (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2020-07-31 | 中国矿业大学 | Variable-angle tensile test device and method |
| CN110031288B (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2021-09-21 | 王渡初 | Pure shearing experiment loading device for plates |
| CN110031288A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-07-19 | 王渡初 | A kind of plate pure shear experiment loading device |
| CN110426282A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-11-08 | 惠州亿纬锂能股份有限公司 | A kind of lithium ion battery Laser Welding effect testing method and fixture |
| CN113218760A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-06 | 江西迪比科股份有限公司 | Method for testing tension of welding spot of power cap of edge covering structure |
| CN115338524A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-11-15 | 湖北三江航天万峰科技发展有限公司 | Resistance spot welding process method for thin-wall aluminum alloy box body |
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Application publication date: 20160622 |