CN105699013A - Aircraft gravity center position detecting device and method - Google Patents
Aircraft gravity center position detecting device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种航空器重心位置测定装置,包括游动盘、升降台和重量测定装置,所述的游动盘固定于升降台顶部,随升降台上下移动;游动盘中至少有一个用于支撑航空器表面测量点的滑动机构,该机构在贴紧测量点时仍然具有水平滑动自由度。所述的重量测定装置与升降台相连,用于对升降台上支撑的重量进行测定。上述装置根据测量点数,将若干套装置一起配套使用。使用时,通过升降台使游动盘紧贴航空器测量点,再利用重量测定装置对游动盘所承载的重力进行计量。本发明能较为简易的实现物体的称重测重心任务,解决了称重时由于无法保证多点同时上称,产生的侧滑挤压和摩擦力的影响,更是大大提高了称重精度,对精准配平提供了坚实的基础。
The invention discloses a device for measuring the position of the center of gravity of an aircraft, which includes a floating plate, a lifting platform and a weight measuring device. The floating plate is fixed on the top of the lifting platform and moves up and down with the lifting platform; at least one of the floating plates is used for The sliding mechanism used to support the measurement point on the surface of the aircraft, the mechanism still has a horizontal sliding degree of freedom when it is close to the measurement point. The weight measuring device is connected with the lifting platform, and is used for measuring the weight supported on the lifting platform. According to the number of measurement points of the above-mentioned device, several sets of devices are used together. When in use, the floating plate is close to the measurement point of the aircraft through the lifting platform, and then the gravity carried by the floating plate is measured by the weight measuring device. The invention can realize the task of weighing and measuring the center of gravity of the object relatively easily, solves the influence of sideslip extrusion and friction caused by the inability to ensure that multiple points are weighed at the same time during weighing, and greatly improves the weighing accuracy. Provides a solid foundation for precise trimming.
Description
技术背景 technical background
本发明涉及物体重心位置的测定,特别涉及一种航空器重心位置测定装置及其方法。 The invention relates to the measurement of the position of the center of gravity of an object, in particular to a device and method for measuring the position of the center of gravity of an aircraft.
背景技术 Background technique
重心配平是航空器飞行前的一重要工作。航空器的重心位置对其飞行的稳定性和安全性非常重要。对于采用火箭助推发射的航空器,其重心位置更对火箭助推过程有着关键性的影响。 Center of gravity trimming is an important work before the flight of the aircraft. The position of the center of gravity of an aircraft is very important to its flight stability and safety. For an aircraft launched with rocket boost, the position of its center of gravity has a key influence on the rocket boost process.
要确定航空器的重心位置,则需多点测量后,再进行计算。而多点测量则由于无法保证多点同时上称,会导致航空器的测量点侧滑挤压和产生较大的摩擦力,严重影响测量精度。传统意义上的许多重心测量设备,成本低的精度较差;而精度较高的又成本高,实现复杂。如申请号为CN201410687125.6的发明专利公开了一种航空器重量和重心智能测定仪,包括前机轮电子称、主机轮电子称、升降平台、激光测距单元、显控单元,显控单元采集前机轮电子称和主机轮电子称以及激光测距单元数据进行重量和重心计算然后显示。该装置尽管能够实现重心测量,但其造价昂贵,不利于推广使用。 To determine the position of the center of gravity of the aircraft, it is necessary to measure at multiple points and then calculate. However, multi-point measurement cannot ensure that multiple points are weighed at the same time, which will cause the measurement point of the aircraft to slide and squeeze and generate large friction, which will seriously affect the measurement accuracy. Many center-of-gravity measuring devices in the traditional sense have low cost and poor accuracy; while those with high precision have high cost and complicated implementation. For example, the invention patent with the application number CN201410687125.6 discloses an intelligent measuring instrument for aircraft weight and center of gravity, including front wheel electronic scale, main engine wheel electronic scale, lifting platform, laser ranging unit, display and control unit, and the display and control unit collects The weight and center of gravity of the front wheel electronic scale, the main wheel electronic scale and the data of the laser distance measuring unit are calculated and displayed. Though this device can realize center of gravity measurement, its cost is expensive, is unfavorable for popularizing and using.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于解决现有技术中存在的问题,并提供一种航空器重心位置测定装置。 The object of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and provide a device for measuring the position of the center of gravity of an aircraft.
为实现上述发明目的,本发明采用的技术方案如下: For realizing above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is as follows:
航空器重心位置测定装置,包括游动盘、升降台和重量测定装置,所述的游动盘固定于升降台顶部,随升降台上下移动;游动盘中至少有一个用于支撑航空器表面测量点的滑动机构,该机构在贴紧测量点时仍然具有水平滑动自由度。所述的重量测定装置与升降台相连,用于对升降台上支撑的重量进行测定。 An aircraft center of gravity position measuring device includes a floating plate, a lifting platform and a weight measuring device. The floating plate is fixed on the top of the lifting platform and moves up and down with the lifting platform; at least one of the floating plates is used to support the measurement point on the surface of the aircraft The sliding mechanism, which still has a horizontal sliding degree of freedom when it is close to the measurement point. The weight measuring device is connected with the lifting platform, and is used for measuring the weight supported on the lifting platform.
上述装置根据测量点数,将若干套装置一起配套使用。使用时,通过升降台使游动盘紧贴航空器测量点,再利用重量测定装置对游动盘所承载的重力进行计量。其中游动盘为关键部件,用于支撑航空器测量点,其上的滑动机构主要功能是消除侧滑影响,消除摩擦力,提高测量精度。 According to the number of measurement points of the above-mentioned device, several sets of devices are used together. When in use, the floating plate is close to the measurement point of the aircraft through the lifting platform, and then the gravity carried by the floating plate is measured by the weight measuring device. Among them, the floating plate is a key component, which is used to support the measurement point of the aircraft. The main function of the sliding mechanism on it is to eliminate the influence of sideslip, eliminate friction, and improve measurement accuracy.
作为优选,所述的游动盘包括底座、钢珠固定盘、钢珠、游动板和上盖板,所述的钢珠固定盘固定于底座中,钢珠固定盘上设有若干个放置钢珠的圆孔,钢珠能在圆孔中转动。游动板放置于钢珠上方,并由上盖板在垂直于钢珠固定盘的方向限位,使游动板仅能在不同的钢珠定点所形成的表面上滑动。游动板顶部高于上盖板。游动板侧向受力后,会向受力方向平移,消除测量点的侧滑挤压和摩擦力。 As a preference, the moving plate includes a base, a steel ball fixing plate, steel balls, a moving plate and an upper cover plate, the steel ball fixing plate is fixed in the base, and several round holes for placing steel balls are arranged on the steel ball fixing plate , the steel ball can rotate in the round hole. The floating plate is placed above the steel balls, and is limited by the upper cover plate in the direction perpendicular to the steel ball fixing plate, so that the floating plate can only slide on the surface formed by different fixed points of the steel balls. The top of the swimming plate is higher than the upper cover plate. After the floating plate is laterally stressed, it will translate in the direction of the force, eliminating the side-slip extrusion and friction at the measurement point.
作为优选,所述的游动板本体上具有一个凸起结构,凸起结构顶部高于上盖板,且上盖板与游动板之间的空隙距离设置应满足游动板滑动至极限位置时不会脱落。 As a preference, the floating plate body has a raised structure, the top of the raised structure is higher than the upper cover plate, and the gap distance between the upper cover plate and the moving plate should be set so that the moving plate can slide to the limit position will not fall off.
作为优选,所述的升降台固定于重量测定装置顶部,并由安装架支撑,安装架底部设有用于调节水平高度的调节底座。 Preferably, the lifting platform is fixed on the top of the weighing device and supported by a mounting frame, and an adjusting base for adjusting the level is provided at the bottom of the mounting frame.
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种使用所述装置的航空器重心位置测定方法,步骤如下: Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring the position of the aircraft center of gravity using the device, the steps are as follows:
将所述的航空器重心位置测定装置放置在航空器的测量点下方,并使高精度称处于水平状态;缓慢调节升降台,升起航空器,使其脱离航空器放置架保持悬空;利用水平激光仪校正航空器状态,配合升降台,使航空器处于水平状态;在调节过程中,利用游动盘使所述的滑动机构随着测量点水平滑动,消除侧滑挤压及摩擦力;当航空器处于水平状态时,读取高精度称的读数;完成对不同测量点的读数后,按照重心位置计算方法确定航空器重心位置。 Place the aircraft center-of-gravity position measuring device below the measurement point of the aircraft, and make the high-precision scale in a horizontal state; slowly adjust the lifting platform, raise the aircraft, and keep it suspended from the aircraft placement frame; use the horizontal laser instrument to correct the aircraft state, cooperate with the lifting platform to keep the aircraft in a horizontal state; during the adjustment process, use the floating plate to make the sliding mechanism slide horizontally with the measuring point, eliminating sideslip extrusion and friction; when the aircraft is in a horizontal state, Read the readings of the high-precision scale; after completing the readings of different measurement points, determine the position of the center of gravity of the aircraft according to the calculation method of the position of the center of gravity.
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下优点: Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
本发明能较为简易的实现物体的称重测重心任务,实现成本较低,步骤简便,时间短,效率高。该装置解决了称重时由于无法保证多点同时上称,产生的侧滑挤压和摩擦力的影响,更是大大提高了称重精度,对精准配平提供了坚实的基础,可应用于无人机发射或其他飞行器发射领域。 The invention can realize the task of weighing and measuring the center of gravity of the object relatively simply, with low cost, simple steps, short time and high efficiency. This device solves the side-slip extrusion and frictional effects caused by the inability to ensure that multiple points are weighed at the same time during weighing, and greatly improves the weighing accuracy. It provides a solid foundation for precise balance and can be applied to wireless The field of man-machine launch or other aircraft launch.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1一种航空器重心位置测定装置结构示意图; Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an aircraft center-of-gravity position measuring device;
图2是本发明的游动盘的结构示意图; Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the floating plate of the present invention;
图中:游动盘1、升降台2、重量测定装置3、安装架4、调节底座5、底座101、钢珠固定盘102、钢珠103、游动板104和上盖板105。 Among the figure: floating plate 1, lifting platform 2, weight measuring device 3, mounting frame 4, adjusting base 5, base 101, steel ball fixed plate 102, steel ball 103, swimming plate 104 and upper cover plate 105.
具体实施方式 detailed description
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步阐述和说明。本发明中各个实施方式的技术特征在没有相互冲突的前提下,均可进行相应组合。 The present invention will be further elaborated and illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The technical features of the various implementations in the present invention can be combined accordingly on the premise that there is no conflict with each other.
如图1所示,一种航空器重心位置测定装置,该装置的主体结构包括游动盘1、升降台2和重量测定装置3。重量测定装置3应选用高精度秤。游动盘1固定于升降台2顶部,随升降台2上下移动。重量测定装置3与升降台2相连,用于对升降台2上支撑的重量进行测定。游动盘1中至少有一个用于支撑航空器表面测量点的滑动机构,该机构在贴紧测量点时仍然具有水平滑动自由度。此处的水平滑动自由度是指在与航空器表面平行或近似平行的方向上能够移动。由此,能够消除航空器侧滑挤压状态下的摩擦力。 As shown in FIG. 1 , a device for measuring the position of the center of gravity of an aircraft, the main structure of the device includes a floating plate 1 , a lifting platform 2 and a weight measuring device 3 . The weight measuring device 3 should use a high-precision scale. The floating plate 1 is fixed on the top of the lifting platform 2, and moves up and down with the lifting platform 2. The weight measuring device 3 is connected with the lifting platform 2 and is used for measuring the weight supported on the lifting platform 2 . There is at least one sliding mechanism used to support the measurement point on the surface of the aircraft in the floating plate 1, and the mechanism still has a horizontal sliding degree of freedom when it is close to the measurement point. The horizontal sliding degree of freedom here refers to the ability to move in a direction parallel or approximately parallel to the surface of the aircraft. Thereby, the frictional force in the state of side skidding and squeezing of the aircraft can be eliminated.
本具体实施方式中,如图2所示,游动盘1结构包括底座101、钢珠固定盘102、钢珠103、游动板104和上盖板105。底座101呈无盖圆筒状,钢珠固定盘102固定于底座101中。钢珠固定盘102上设有多排放置钢珠103的圆孔。圆孔的直径略大于钢珠103,钢珠103能在圆孔中自由转动。游动板104放置于钢珠103上方,游动板104表面光滑,并可适当涂润滑油;。 In this specific embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 , the structure of the floating plate 1 includes a base 101 , a steel ball fixing plate 102 , steel balls 103 , a floating plate 104 and an upper cover plate 105 . The base 101 is in the shape of a cylinder without a cover, and the steel ball fixing plate 102 is fixed in the base 101 . The steel ball fixing plate 102 is provided with a plurality of rows of round holes for placing the steel balls 103 . The diameter of the circular hole is slightly larger than the steel ball 103, and the steel ball 103 can rotate freely in the circular hole. The floating plate 104 is placed above the steel ball 103, the surface of the floating plate 104 is smooth, and can be properly lubricated;
上盖板105呈圆环状,固定于底座101顶部,游动板104下部为圆环状,上部具有一个凸起的圆盘结构,凸起结构顶部高于上盖板105,使其能够直接与航空器表面接触。上盖板105内径大于凸起的圆盘结构但小于游动板104下部的外径。由此,上盖板105与游动板104之间的空隙距离可使游动板104滑动至极限位置(圆盘结构与上盖板边缘靠近)时不会脱落。通过上盖板105在垂直于钢珠固定盘102的方向上的限位,使游动板104仅能在不同的钢珠103定点所形成的表面上滑动。 The upper cover plate 105 is annular and fixed on the top of the base 101. The lower part of the floating plate 104 is annular, and the upper part has a raised disc structure. The top of the raised structure is higher than the upper cover plate 105, so that it can directly contact with aircraft surfaces. The inner diameter of the upper cover plate 105 is larger than the raised disc structure but smaller than the outer diameter of the lower part of the moving plate 104 . Thus, the gap distance between the upper cover plate 105 and the movable plate 104 can prevent the movable plate 104 from falling off when it slides to the limit position (the disk structure is close to the edge of the upper cover plate). Through the limitation of the upper cover plate 105 in the direction perpendicular to the steel ball fixing plate 102 , the movable plate 104 can only slide on the surface formed by different fixed points of the steel balls 103 .
上述游动盘1的结构仅是一种能够实现的优选方式,本领域技术人员应当知道,其余设置方式也能够实现该功能。 The above-mentioned structure of the floating plate 1 is only a preferred way that can be realized, and those skilled in the art should know that other configuration ways can also realize this function.
本具体实施方式中,为了安装调节方便,重量测定装置3固定于升降台2底部,并由安装架4支撑,安装架4底部设有用于调节水平高度的调节底座5,通过上下调节,调节高精度称3的水平状态。 In this specific embodiment, for the convenience of installation and adjustment, the weight measuring device 3 is fixed on the bottom of the lifting platform 2 and supported by the installation frame 4. The bottom of the installation frame 4 is provided with an adjustment base 5 for adjusting the horizontal height. By adjusting up and down, the height can be adjusted. Accuracy called 3 levels of state.
基于上述装置,使用所述装置的航空器重心位置测定方法,步骤如下: Based on the above-mentioned device, using the method for determining the position of the center of gravity of the aircraft of the device, the steps are as follows:
在不同的航空器的测量点下方分别放置一个航空器重心位置测定装置,并使高精度称3处于水平状态;缓慢调节升降台2,升起航空器,使其脱离航空器放置架保持悬空;利用水平激光仪校正航空器状态,配合升降台2,使航空器处于水平状态;在调节过程中,利用游动盘1使滑动机构随着测量点水平滑动,消除侧滑挤压及摩擦力;当航空器处于水平状态时,读取高精度称3的读数;完成对不同测量点的读数后,按照重心位置计算方法确定航空器重心位置。 Place an aircraft center-of-gravity position measurement device under the measurement points of different aircraft, and make the high-precision scale 3 in a horizontal state; slowly adjust the lifting platform 2, raise the aircraft, and keep it suspended from the aircraft stand; use a horizontal laser Correct the state of the aircraft, cooperate with the lifting platform 2 to make the aircraft in a horizontal state; during the adjustment process, use the floating plate 1 to make the sliding mechanism slide horizontally with the measuring point, and eliminate the sideslip extrusion and friction; when the aircraft is in a horizontal state , read the readings of the high-precision scale 3; after completing the readings of different measurement points, determine the position of the center of gravity of the aircraft according to the calculation method of the position of the center of gravity.
以上所述的实施例只是本发明的一种较佳的方案,然其并非用以限制本发明,凡采取等同替换或等效变换的方式所获得的技术方案,均落在本发明的保护范围内。 The above-described embodiment is only a preferred solution of the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the present invention, and all technical solutions obtained by means of equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation all fall within the protection scope of the present invention Inside.
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姜店祥等: "飞机重量重心测量方法研究", 《教练机》 * |
陈平等: "飞行器模型质量特性参数一体化测量装置研究", 《机械科学与技术》 * |
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