CN105697647A - Realization method of impact resistance of high-static state and low-dynamic state rigid vibration isolator - Google Patents

Realization method of impact resistance of high-static state and low-dynamic state rigid vibration isolator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105697647A
CN105697647A CN201610224318.7A CN201610224318A CN105697647A CN 105697647 A CN105697647 A CN 105697647A CN 201610224318 A CN201610224318 A CN 201610224318A CN 105697647 A CN105697647 A CN 105697647A
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Prior art keywords
vibration
isolator
isolation
vibration isolator
steel
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CN201610224318.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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唐斌
张福梁
冯立岩
王正
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Dalian University of Technology
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Dalian University of Technology
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/04Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
    • F16F15/08Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with rubber springs ; with springs made of rubber and metal
    • F16F15/085Use of both rubber and metal springs

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vibration isolation. A realization method of impact resistance of a high-static state and low-dynamic state rigid vibration isolator comprises the following steps: (1) the characteristics of impact excitation in equipment needing to isolate vibration are analyzed; (2) the characteristics of impact excitation suffered by the high-static state and low-dynamic state rigid vibration isolator are analyzed; (3) the vibration isolation characteristics of single rubber and a steel wire rope vibration isolator are tested and analyzed; (4) the vibration isolation characteristics of a compound vibration isolator A are tested and analyzed; (5) the vibration isolation characteristics of a compound vibration isolator B are tested and analyzed; and (6) the vibration isolation characteristics of compound vibration isolators B symmetrically mounted on two sides of the equipment are tested and analyzed. The invention designs the compound vibration isolator B consisting of the rubber and the steel wire rope vibration isolator based on the characteristics of high-static state and low-dynamic state rigid vibration isolation. When the impact excitation is lower, the steel wire rope vibration isolator only exerts a vibration isolating effect; and when the impact excitation is higher, the rubber and the steel wire rope vibration isolator synchronously exert the vibration isolating effect, so that the vibration isolating frequency is wide, the energy of impact excitation can be preferably absorbed and consumed, and the damage of the impact excitation to the equipment is reduced.

Description

The low dynamic rate vibration isolator impact resistance of a kind of high static state realize method
Technical field
What the present invention relates to the low dynamic rate vibration isolator impact resistance of a kind of high static state realizes method, belongs to vibration isolation technique field。
Background technology
In daily life, vibration, impact are seen everywhere, and its harm brought is also very big。In every field such as vehicle traveling, building construction, road pavement, aircraft lift-off, rocket launching, locomotive operations, all there is vibration and impact phenomenon。As it was previously stated, except vibration, impact and be also prevalent in productive life, the equipment such as instrument and meter are produced bigger infringement, has a strong impact on the service life of equipment。
In engineering reality, reply vibration and the vibration isolator impacted have: metal spring vibration isolator, hydraulic antivibration device, steel-wire isolator, rubber shock absorber etc.。According to own characteristic, these vibration isolators have different applications。High static low dynamic rate vibrating isolation system can reduce the infringement that equipment is brought by vibration, but when there being greater impact load to produce, this vibrating isolation system will produce moderate finite deformation, seriously limits the vibration isolating effect of this vibrating isolation system。
At present, there is a lot of research about high static low dynamic rate vibrating isolation system impact resistance, and establish some physical models。But, existing research only rests on scientific experiments aspect, can't be applied in the productive life of reality。
Rubber shock absorber can play vibration isolating effect when compression and extended state, it has bigger internal damping coefficient, suitable in the situation that the little dynamic displacement of static displacement is of short duration and bigger, and rubber can make the vibration isolator of various form, requirement suitable in various vibration isolation spaces, but the easy aging deformation of rubber shock absorber, majority is only applicable to dither vibration isolation。Steel-wire isolator is the energy utilizing the frictional damping between steel wire rope to consume vibratory impulse, it is possible to achieve bigger vibration isolation is interval, but steel-wire isolator damped coefficient is little, and resonance region vibration isolating effect is poor。
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, what it is an object of the present invention to provide the low dynamic rate vibration isolator impact resistance of a kind of high static state realizes method, the method, based on the feature of high static low dynamic rate vibration isolation, designs a kind of composite vibration isolator being made up of rubber and steel-wire isolator。This composite vibration isolator is when equipment response displacement is less, and only steel-wire isolator plays vibration isolation effect;Under bigger misalignment excited by impact, rubber plays vibration isolation effect together with steel-wire isolator。By testing this composite vibration isolator, it has been found that its isolation frequency width, and can absorb well and consume energy excited by impact, decreasing the infringement that equipment is produced excited by impact, the service life of extension device。
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, solving problem existing in prior art, the present invention adopts the technical scheme that: the low dynamic rate vibration isolator impact resistance of a kind of high static state realize method, comprise the following steps:
Step 1, to needing feature excited by impact in the equipment of vibration isolation to be analyzed, owing to vibration equipment operating mode is complicated, vibratory impulse often causes the high vibration of equipment, and then affects serviceability and the life-span of equipment, and vibration isolator is had concrete strict demand by different equipment;
The feature excited by impact that step 2, the high static low dynamic rate vibration isolator of analysis bear, under vibrating and be excited by impact, its vibration isolator has the feature of linear Stiffness, namely there are higher static rigidity and relatively low dynamic rate, vibration isolation frequency domain can be effectively improved, and can under relatively thin tail sheep response condition, dissipate more impact energy;
The single rubber of step 3, test analysis, steel-wire isolator vibration isolation feature, vibration transmissibility curve chart, specifically include following sub-step:
A rubber shock absorber is placed between mass and actuating vibration table by (), mass posts position sensor, and recording quality block initial position is x0;
B () provides the vibrational excitation of sinusoidal slow frequency sweep to actuating vibration table, its amplitude is x, vibrational excitation is passed on mass by rubber shock absorber, measure position x1 (f) of mass maximum displacement place under different frequency by the position sensor on mass, and draw vibration transmissibility curve Tr=(the x1-x0)/x of rubber shock absorber;
Then, rubber shock absorber is changed into steel-wire isolator, and repeats above-mentioned sub-step (a), (b), draw the vibration transmissibility curve chart of steel-wire isolator equally;By test result analysis is found, rubber shock absorber is suitable only for altofrequency vibration isolation, and low frequency vibration isolating effect is poor, although steel-wire isolator has wider vibration isolation frequency domain, but can not bear bigger vibratory impulse;
Step 4, the vibration isolation feature of test analysis composite vibration isolator A, bound rubber, the feature of steel-wire isolator, adopting is embedded in steel wire rope by cylindrical rubber block, namely composite vibration isolator A is constituted, wherein block rubber top, bottom is respectively with upper, lower steel plate is pasted together by glue, block rubber is placed in the center of steel-wire isolator lower steel plate, its diameter is with upper, lower steel plate minimum diameter is identical, and repeat the sub-step (a) in step 3, (b), test out the vibration transmissibility curve chart of composite vibration isolator A, draw the isolation characteristics of composite vibration isolator A, and with single rubber, the isolation characteristics contrast of steel-wire isolator, although therefrom finding that composite vibration isolator A combines the vibration isolation feature of rubber and steel-wire isolator, enhance some isolation characteristicses, but reduce vibration isolation interval, may not apply to low frequency vibration isolation;
Step 5, the vibration isolation feature of test analysis composite vibration isolator B, according to the shortcoming existing for composite vibration isolator A, need to adjust the height of cylindrical rubber block, bottom block rubber, the lower steel plate with steel-wire isolator is bonded together by glue, the space of 3-5mm is left between block rubber top and the upper steel plate of steel-wire isolator, namely composite vibration isolator B is constituted, and repeat the sub-step (a) in step 3, (b), test out the vibration transmissibility curve chart of composite vibration isolator B, draw the isolation characteristics of composite vibration isolator B, and contrast with composite vibration isolator A, therefrom find that composite vibration isolator B is at little amplitude, in little situation excited by impact, only steel-wire isolator plays vibration isolation effect, at big amplitude, in large impact excitation situation, rubber and steel-wire isolator concur, this not only remains the vibration isolation advantage of composite vibration isolator A, also overcome the composite vibration isolator A shortcoming that may not apply to low frequency vibration isolation, add the vibration isolation frequency domain of vibration isolator;
Step 6, test analysis are symmetrically mounted on the vibration isolation feature of equipment both sides composite vibration isolator B, composite vibration isolator B has unipolarity for the vibration of equipment, shock isolation, in order to play vibration isolating effect better, this method adopts two composite vibration isolator B, and it is symmetrically mounted on the both sides needing device for vibration insutation, test isolation characteristics under vibratory impulse, draw vibration transmissibility, find that the vibration isolating effect of the mode that is symmetrically installed is better than single mounting means, and there is two-way isolation characteristics;The equipment actual condition of vibration isolation as required, it is also possible to adopt plural composite vibration isolator B that equipment is carried out vibration isolation;The number of share of stock of steel wire rope and size in composite vibration isolator B, the shape of block rubber and material, it is possible to the actual vibrations received of the equipment of vibration isolation, impact condition are selected as required。
What the medicine have the advantages that the low dynamic rate vibration isolator impact resistance of a kind of high static state realizes method, comprise the following steps: (1) is analyzed needing feature excited by impact in the equipment of vibration isolation, (2) feature excited by impact that high static low dynamic rate vibration isolator bears is analyzed, (3) the single rubber of test analysis, the vibration isolation feature of steel-wire isolator, (4) the vibration isolation feature of test analysis composite vibration isolator A, (5) the vibration isolation feature of test analysis composite vibration isolator B, (6) test analysis is symmetrically mounted on the vibration isolation feature of equipment both sides composite vibration isolator B。Compared with the prior art, the present invention, based on the feature of high static low dynamic rate vibration isolation, designs a kind of composite vibration isolator B being made up of rubber and steel-wire isolator。This composite vibration isolator B is when equipment response displacement is less, and only steel-wire isolator plays vibration isolation effect;Under bigger misalignment excited by impact, rubber plays vibration isolation effect together with steel-wire isolator。By testing this composite vibration isolator B, it has been found that its isolation frequency width, and can absorb well and consume energy excited by impact, decreasing the infringement that equipment is produced excited by impact, the service life of extension device。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the inventive method flow chart of steps。
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of composite vibration isolator A。
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of composite vibration isolator B。
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the composite vibration isolator B being symmetrically mounted on equipment both sides。
Fig. 5 is several vibration isolator vibration transmissibility curve charts。
In figure: 1, cylindrical rubber block, 2, steel wire rope, 3, upper steel plate, 4, lower steel plate, 5, need the equipment of vibration isolation。
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described。
As it is shown in figure 1, the low dynamic rate vibration isolator impact resistance of a kind of high static state realize method, comprise the following steps:
Step 1, to needing feature excited by impact in the equipment of vibration isolation to be analyzed, owing to vibration equipment operating mode is complicated, vibratory impulse often causes the high vibration of equipment, and then affects serviceability and the life-span of equipment, and vibration isolator is had concrete strict demand by different equipment;
The feature excited by impact that step 2, the high static low dynamic rate vibration isolator of analysis bear, under vibrating and be excited by impact, its vibration isolator has the feature of linear Stiffness, namely there are higher static rigidity and relatively low dynamic rate, vibration isolation frequency domain can be effectively improved, and can under relatively thin tail sheep response condition, dissipate more impact energy;
The single rubber of step 3, test analysis, steel-wire isolator vibration isolation feature, vibration transmissibility curve chart, specifically include following sub-step:
A rubber shock absorber is placed between mass and actuating vibration table by (), mass posts position sensor, and recording quality block initial position is x0;
B () provides the vibrational excitation of sinusoidal slow frequency sweep to actuating vibration table, its amplitude is x, vibrational excitation is passed on mass by rubber shock absorber, measure position x1 (f) of mass maximum displacement place under different frequency by the position sensor on mass, and draw vibration transmissibility curve Tr=(the x1-x0)/x of rubber shock absorber;
Then, rubber shock absorber is changed into steel-wire isolator, and repeats above-mentioned sub-step (a), (b), draw the vibration transmissibility curve chart of steel-wire isolator equally;By test result analysis is found, rubber shock absorber is suitable only for altofrequency vibration isolation, and low frequency vibration isolating effect is poor, although steel-wire isolator has wider vibration isolation frequency domain, but can not bear bigger vibratory impulse;
Step 4, the vibration isolation feature of test analysis composite vibration isolator A, bound rubber, the feature of steel-wire isolator, adopting is embedded in steel wire rope 2 by cylindrical rubber block 1, namely composite vibration isolator A is constituted, as shown in Figure 2, wherein block rubber 1 top, bottom is respectively with upper, lower steel plate 3, 4 are pasted together by glue, block rubber 1 is placed in the center of steel-wire isolator lower steel plate 4, its diameter is with upper, lower steel plate 3, 4 minimum diameters are identical, and repeat the sub-step (a) in step 3, (b), test out the vibration transmissibility curve chart of composite vibration isolator A, draw the isolation characteristics of composite vibration isolator A, and with single rubber, the isolation characteristics contrast of steel-wire isolator, although therefrom finding that composite vibration isolator A combines the vibration isolation feature of rubber and steel-wire isolator, enhance some isolation characteristicses, but reduce vibration isolation interval, may not apply to low frequency vibration isolation;
Step 5, the vibration isolation feature of test analysis composite vibration isolator B, according to the shortcoming existing for composite vibration isolator A, need to adjust the height of cylindrical rubber block 1, bottom block rubber 1, the lower steel plate 4 with steel-wire isolator is bonded together by glue, the space of 3-5mm is left between the upper steel plate 3 of block rubber 1 top and steel-wire isolator, namely composite vibration isolator B is constituted, as shown in Figure 3, and repeat the sub-step (a) in step 3, (b), test out the vibration transmissibility curve chart of composite vibration isolator B, draw the isolation characteristics of composite vibration isolator B, and contrast with composite vibration isolator A, therefrom find that composite vibration isolator B is at little amplitude, in little situation excited by impact, only steel-wire isolator plays vibration isolation effect, at big amplitude, in large impact excitation situation, rubber and steel-wire isolator concur, this not only remains the vibration isolation advantage of composite vibration isolator A, also overcome the composite vibration isolator A shortcoming that may not apply to low frequency vibration isolation, add the vibration isolation frequency domain of vibration isolator;
Step 6, test analysis are symmetrically mounted on the vibration isolation feature of equipment both sides composite vibration isolator B, for the vibration of equipment, shock isolation, there is unipolarity as composite vibration isolator B, in order to play vibration isolating effect better, this method adopts two composite vibration isolator B, and it is symmetrically mounted on the both sides needing device for vibration insutation, as shown in Figure 4, test isolation characteristics under vibratory impulse, draw vibration transmissibility, find that the vibration isolating effect of the mode that is symmetrically installed is better than single mounting means, and there is two-way isolation characteristics;The equipment actual condition of vibration isolation as required, it is also possible to adopt two or more composite vibration isolator B that equipment is carried out vibration isolation;The number of share of stock of steel wire rope and size in composite vibration isolator, the shape of block rubber and material, it is possible to the actual vibrations received of the equipment of vibration isolation, impact condition are selected as required, and the present invention adopts the number of share of stock of steel wire rope in composite vibration isolator to be 8 strands。
Several vibration isolator vibration transmissibility curves as it is shown in figure 5, the vibration isolation frequency range of steel-wire isolator is wider, but when resonance region vibration isolation weak effect;Rubber is only used for high-frequency vibration isolation, but during resonance, vibration isolation is effective;Composite vibration isolator A adds the rigidity of vibration isolator, but does not make full use of the vibration isolation feature of steel-wire isolator, and as can be seen from the figure the transport curve of composite vibration isolator A is little relative to rubber shock absorber change, and isolation characteristics is similar to rubber;But composite vibration isolator B is when little amplitude excitations, only steel wire rope plays vibration isolation effect, its transport curve is identical with steel-wire isolator, when big amplitude excitations, rubber and steel-wire isolator play vibration isolation effect jointly, namely maintain wider vibration isolation frequency range, the device for vibration insutation response amplitude when resonance can be reduced again, be applicable to bigger vibratory impulse。
The invention has the advantages that: the present invention, based on the feature of high static low dynamic rate vibration isolation, designs a kind of composite vibration isolator B being made up of rubber and steel-wire isolator。This composite vibration isolator B is when equipment response displacement is less, and only steel-wire isolator plays vibration isolation effect;Under bigger misalignment excited by impact, rubber plays vibration isolation effect together with steel-wire isolator。By testing this composite vibration isolator B, it has been found that its isolation frequency width, and can absorb well and consume energy excited by impact, decreasing the infringement that equipment is produced excited by impact, the service life of extension device。

Claims (1)

1. the low dynamic rate vibration isolator impact resistance of high static state realize method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1, to needing feature excited by impact in the equipment of vibration isolation to be analyzed, owing to vibration equipment operating mode is complicated, vibratory impulse often causes the high vibration of equipment, and then affects serviceability and the life-span of equipment, and vibration isolator is had concrete strict demand by different equipment;
The feature excited by impact that step 2, the high static low dynamic rate vibration isolator of analysis bear, under vibrating and be excited by impact, its vibration isolator has the feature of linear Stiffness, namely there are higher static rigidity and relatively low dynamic rate, vibration isolation frequency domain can be effectively improved, and can under relatively thin tail sheep response condition, dissipate more impact energy;
The single rubber of step 3, test analysis, steel-wire isolator vibration isolation feature, vibration transmissibility curve chart, specifically include following sub-step:
A rubber shock absorber is placed between mass and actuating vibration table by (), mass posts position sensor, and recording quality block initial position is x0;
B () provides the vibrational excitation of sinusoidal slow frequency sweep to actuating vibration table, its amplitude is x, vibrational excitation is passed on mass by rubber shock absorber, measure position x1 (f) of mass maximum displacement place under different frequency by the position sensor on mass, and draw vibration transmissibility curve Tr=(the x1-x0)/x of rubber shock absorber;
Then, rubber shock absorber is changed into steel-wire isolator, and repeats above-mentioned sub-step (a), (b), draw the vibration transmissibility curve chart of steel-wire isolator equally;By test result analysis is found, rubber shock absorber is suitable only for altofrequency vibration isolation, and low frequency vibration isolating effect is poor, although steel-wire isolator has wider vibration isolation frequency domain, but can not bear bigger vibratory impulse;
Step 4, the vibration isolation feature of test analysis composite vibration isolator A, bound rubber, the feature of steel-wire isolator, adopting is embedded in steel wire rope by cylindrical rubber block, namely composite vibration isolator A is constituted, wherein block rubber top, bottom is respectively with upper, lower steel plate is pasted together by glue, block rubber is placed in the center of steel-wire isolator lower steel plate, its diameter is with upper, lower steel plate minimum diameter is identical, and repeat the sub-step (a) in step 3, (b), test out the vibration transmissibility curve chart of composite vibration isolator A, draw the isolation characteristics of composite vibration isolator A, and with single rubber, the isolation characteristics contrast of steel-wire isolator, although therefrom finding that composite vibration isolator A combines the vibration isolation feature of rubber and steel-wire isolator, enhance some isolation characteristicses, but reduce vibration isolation interval, may not apply to low frequency vibration isolation;
Step 5, the vibration isolation feature of test analysis composite vibration isolator B, according to the shortcoming existing for composite vibration isolator A, need to adjust the height of cylindrical rubber block, bottom block rubber, the lower steel plate with steel-wire isolator is bonded together by glue, the space of 3-5mm is left between block rubber top and the upper steel plate of steel-wire isolator, namely composite vibration isolator B is constituted, and repeat the sub-step (a) in step 3, (b), test out the vibration transmissibility curve chart of composite vibration isolator B, draw the isolation characteristics of composite vibration isolator B, and contrast with composite vibration isolator A, therefrom find that composite vibration isolator B is at little amplitude, in little situation excited by impact, only steel-wire isolator plays vibration isolation effect, at big amplitude, in large impact excitation situation, rubber and steel-wire isolator concur, this not only remains the vibration isolation advantage of composite vibration isolator A, also overcome the composite vibration isolator A shortcoming that may not apply to low frequency vibration isolation, add the vibration isolation frequency domain of vibration isolator;
Step 6, test analysis are symmetrically mounted on the vibration isolation feature of equipment both sides composite vibration isolator B, composite vibration isolator B has unipolarity for the vibration of equipment, shock isolation, in order to play vibration isolating effect better, this method adopts two composite vibration isolator B, and it is symmetrically mounted on the both sides needing device for vibration insutation, test isolation characteristics under vibratory impulse, draw vibration transmissibility, find that the vibration isolating effect of the mode that is symmetrically installed is better than single mounting means, and there is two-way isolation characteristics;The equipment actual condition of vibration isolation as required, it is also possible to adopt plural composite vibration isolator B that equipment is carried out vibration isolation;The number of share of stock of steel wire rope and size in composite vibration isolator B, the shape of block rubber and material, it is possible to the actual vibrations received of the equipment of vibration isolation, impact condition are selected as required。
CN201610224318.7A 2016-04-11 2016-04-11 Realization method of impact resistance of high-static state and low-dynamic state rigid vibration isolator Pending CN105697647A (en)

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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109737165A (en) * 2019-01-03 2019-05-10 兰州空间技术物理研究所 Rigidity vibration isolators and the vibrating isolation systems such as a kind of three axis of all-metal
CN112395697A (en) * 2020-10-29 2021-02-23 北京空间机电研究所 Method for obtaining damping coefficient of flexible rope of parachute
CN112855848A (en) * 2021-01-28 2021-05-28 山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所 Multilayer vibration isolation device for shipborne equipment
CN114263697A (en) * 2021-11-30 2022-04-01 大连理工大学 Recoverable multi-step deformation buffering energy-absorbing metamaterial structure

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109737165A (en) * 2019-01-03 2019-05-10 兰州空间技术物理研究所 Rigidity vibration isolators and the vibrating isolation systems such as a kind of three axis of all-metal
CN112395697A (en) * 2020-10-29 2021-02-23 北京空间机电研究所 Method for obtaining damping coefficient of flexible rope of parachute
CN112395697B (en) * 2020-10-29 2024-02-09 北京空间机电研究所 Method for obtaining damping coefficient of flexible rope of parachute
CN112855848A (en) * 2021-01-28 2021-05-28 山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所 Multilayer vibration isolation device for shipborne equipment
CN114263697A (en) * 2021-11-30 2022-04-01 大连理工大学 Recoverable multi-step deformation buffering energy-absorbing metamaterial structure

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