CN105696056A - Heat exchanger with condensate drop self-repelling function nanolayer - Google Patents
Heat exchanger with condensate drop self-repelling function nanolayer Download PDFInfo
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- CN105696056A CN105696056A CN201610164176.XA CN201610164176A CN105696056A CN 105696056 A CN105696056 A CN 105696056A CN 201610164176 A CN201610164176 A CN 201610164176A CN 105696056 A CN105696056 A CN 105696056A
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- heat exchanger
- titanium material
- exchanger according
- nanotube
- nano
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/26—Anodisation of refractory metals or alloys based thereon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/18—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by dipping
- B05D1/185—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by dipping applying monomolecular layers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/0682—Silicides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/12—Organic material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat exchanger with a condensate drop self-repelling function nanolayer. The heat exchanger mainly comprises a heat exchanger body made of a titanium material. The titanium material is manufactured through the following manners that a cathode and an anode made of the titanium material are placed into a normal-temperature electrolyte with the mass fraction ranging from 0.03% to 0.5% to form an oxidation system, the constant voltage ranging from 20 V to 60 V is applied between the cathode and the anode, a reaction is carried out for 20 min or longer, and a nanometer structure is formed on the surface of the titanium material; and then the surface of the titanium material is modified with a low-surface-energy substance. By means of the heat exchanger, an anode oxidation method is used for preparing a condensate drop self-repelling function surface on the surface of the titanium material, so that the problem that the heat exchanger is liable to be frosted and frozen is solved. In addition, the method for preparing the condensate drop self-repelling function surface is simple and easy to implement and can be achieved at the room temperature, the cost is low, and the performance of the formed function surface is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to and a kind of there is condensing droplet from expelling the heat exchanger of function nano layer, belong to heat transmission equipment application。
Background technology
Heat exchanger is a kind of energy-saving equipment realizing the transmission of heat between material between two or more fluid of different temperatures, it is make heat be passed to, by the fluid that temperature is higher, the fluid that temperature is relatively low, fluid temperature (F.T.) is made to reach the index of flow specification, to meet the needs of process conditions, it also it is one of capital equipment improving energy utilization rate simultaneously。Heat exchanger industry relates to nearly 30 multi industries such as HVAC, pressure vessel, sewerage disposing equipment, chemical industry, oil, mutually forms industry chain (supply chain)。
Data show that Chinese heat exchanger industrial market scale in 2010 is at about 50,000,000,000 yuan, focuses primarily upon the fields such as oil, chemical industry, metallurgy, electric power, boats and ships, central heating, refrigeration air-conditioner, machinery, food, pharmacy。Wherein, petrochemical industry remains the market that heat exchanger industry is maximum, and its market scale is 15,000,000,000 yuan；Electric power field of metallurgy heat exchanger market scale is at about 8,000,000,000 yuan；Shipping industry heat exchanger market scale is more than 4,000,000,000 yuan；Mechanical industry heat exchanger market scale is about 4,000,000,000 yuan；Central heating industry heat exchanger market scale is more than 3,000,000,000 yuan, and food industry also has the market of nearly 3,000,000,000 yuan。It addition, the fields such as aerospace craft, semiconductor device, nuclear power conventional island nuclear island, wind power generating set, solar energy power generating, production of polysilicon are required for substantial amounts of specialty heat exchanger, these markets there are about the scale of 13,000,000,000 yuan。
It is known that heat exchanger surface is easy to condensation frosting under low temperature and moisture environment and causes freezing, this problem can cause the consume of material to be accelerated, the waste of the energy。Therefore, solve this industry difficult problem and to develop more energy efficient more effective heat exchanger be significantly。
At present, heat exchanger on the market is already with this material of the titanium material as heat exchanger body。But only with the key property of titanium material, such as light, intensity is high, anticorrosion。Do not solve the problem that above-mentioned frosting freezes。
Such as Chinese patent 201220351956.2 discloses a kind of cold air water heater with titanium pipe box copper pipe heat exchanger。Its heat exchanger adopts the structure of titanium pipe box copper pipe, and main purpose is for anticorrosion。
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to: provide a kind of and there is condensing droplet from the heat exchanger expelling function nano layer so that heat exchanger itself is not easy frosting and freezes。
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme is that
There is condensing droplet from the heat exchanger expelling function nano layer, including the heat exchanger body being made up of titanium material, described titanium material is made up of in the following manner: take negative electrode and anode that titanium material is constituted is placed in the room temperature electrolyte that mass fraction is 0.03-0.5% and forms oxidation system, and apply constant voltage 20V-60V between a cathode and an anode, reaction more than 20min, nanostructured is formed on titanium material surface, then by titanium material finishing low-surface energy substance with this。The mass fraction of above-mentioned electrolyte can be 0.04%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.5% etc.。Above-mentioned voltage can be 20V, 30V, 45V, 50V, 60V etc.。The above-mentioned response time can be 20min, 40min, 60min, 1h, 2h etc.。
The present invention adopts anodizing to prepare condensing droplet on titanium material surface from expelling function surface, solves the heat exchanger problem that easily frosting freezes itself with this。Further, above-mentioned to prepare condensing droplet simple from expelling the method for function surface, at room temperature can realize, and cost is low, the excellent performance of the function surface formed。
Further: described negative electrode is platinum electrode, graphite electrode, nickel electrode or Ti electrode。
Further: described electrolyte is electrolyzing hydrofluoric acid liquid or ammonium fluoride electrolyte。
Further: described nanostructured at least includes the one in following structure: rule nanotube, irregular nanotube, nano-particle hierarchy。
Further: described nanostructured includes any one in the regular nanotube on titanium material surface, irregular nanotube, nano-particle hierarchy of array distribution。
Further: described low-surface energy substance includes silicon fluoride, siloxanes, politef, silane coupler or higher fatty acids。
Further: the method in order to modify low-surface energy substance includes infusion method or vapour deposition method。
Beneficial effect: owing to forming condensing droplet from expelling function surface, on the one hand, add effective bubble nucleating point and make condensing droplet quickly produce in a large number, thus improving the probability that condensing droplet merges；On the other hand, the adhesiveness reducing drop and titanium material basal surface makes the drop of fusion rapidly from expelling, and stops interface to reduce further because of temperature and produces the phenomenon that frosting freezes。Effectively extend the service life of heat exchanger, and improve heat exchange efficiency。
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, below the accompanying drawing used required during embodiment is described is briefly described, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the premise not paying creative work, it is also possible to obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings。Wherein,
Fig. 1 is the top view of titanium material nano surface gradation structure of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the comparison diagram that common smooth titanium material surface (a) and the obtained condensing droplet of the embodiment of the present invention 1 expel performance structure surface (b) drop adhesion property certainly；
Fig. 3 is obtained condensing droplet from expelling performance structure surface (b) drop spring schematic diagram by common smooth titanium material surface (a) and the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 4 is obtained condensing droplet from expelling performance structure surface (d-f) drop from expelling phenomenon figure by common smooth titanium material surface (a-c) and the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 5 is obtained condensing droplet from expelling performance structure surface droplets size distribution figure by the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 6 is the heat exchanger of the present invention drop spring schematic diagram when application；
Detailed description of the invention
As previously mentioned, in view of titanium material industrial application extensively and many defects of prior art, it is simple that one aspect of the present invention aims to provide a kind of technique, with low cost, and can large area manufacture there is condensing droplet from the preparation method that expels function surface, and be used for preparing heat exchanger by the method。It is mainly based upon constant voltage electrochemical oxidation and realizes。
The titanium material of the present invention can be pure titanium, can also be titanium alloy, it is possible to be titanium pipe, titanium plate etc.。
Specifically, the present invention can pass through anodizing and prepare various nanostructured on titanium material (such as rule nanotube, irregular nanotube, nano-particle hierarchy etc.), and modify low-surface energy substance at the substrate surface with nanostructured, thus obtaining microlayer model from expelling surface, this surface can effectively make the fusion of surface condensation drop bounce off。Again above-mentioned titanium material is applied on heat exchanger, to solve the problem that the easy frosting of heat exchanger freezes, it is achieved extend heat exchanger service life and improve the purpose of heat exchange efficiency。
Understandable for enabling the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage to become apparent from, below in conjunction with the technical solution of the present invention is further explained the explanation of comparatively preferred embodiment。
Embodiment 1
Step 1: clean the organic oils and fats and inorganic impurity of removing titanium material surface。
Step 2: electrolyte is the ammonium fluoride solution of 0.01M/L, reaction temperature 25 DEG C, voltage is constant voltage。By titanium material in the electrolyte of room temperature (such as 25 DEG C), (50V) starts oxidation at constant pressure, and in course of reaction, the system of kinetic current is relatively small (about 0.01-0.05A), and this step response time is 60min。
Step 3: put into magnetic rotor in centrifuge tube, adds 48ml methanol, adds 0.5ml1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluoro capryl triethoxysilane, adds 1.5ml deionized water, at magnetic stirrer 30min, stands 2h。
Step 4: step 2 reaction is cleaned the impurity removing gained titanium material surface, and dried after terminating。Gained titanium material surface is immersed in the silicon fluoride solution of step 3 gained 1 hour, takes out and in 140 DEG C of baking ovens, dry 1h, can obtain there is condensing droplet from the nano-particle hierarchy surface expelling function。
Step 5: prepared titanium material is made heat exchanger。
Consulting shown in Fig. 1 is the top view of a kind of typical titanium material nano surface gradation structure in the present invention, it can be seen that its architectural feature is similar pine cone shaped projection, and convex surfaces is covered with titania nanoparticles。
Consult shown in Fig. 2 the drop adhesion comparison diagram being nano-particle hierarchy surface and blank titanium material (common smooth titanium material)。It will be seen that on described nano-particle hierarchy surface, adhesion is extremely low, it is 7.5 μ about N, and common smooth titanium material adhesion is relatively big, is 210 μ N。Adhesion is more low, and performance is more good。
Consult shown in Fig. 3 the drop spring schematic diagram being nano-particle hierarchy surface with blank titanium material (common smooth titanium material)。It will be seen that on described nano-particle hierarchy surface, it is possible to effective generation drop bounces off phenomenon, and on common smooth titanium material, drop does not bounce off after falling；
Consulting and tie up to high humility (relative humidity 80%, ambient temperature 25 DEG C) shown in Fig. 4, when wall surface temperature 2 DEG C, the condensing droplet of nano-particle hierarchy surface and blank titanium material (common smooth titanium material) is from expelling comparison diagram。It will be seen that on described nano-particle hierarchy surface, it is possible to effective generation condensing droplet merges from expelling phenomenon, and on common smooth titanium material, drop constantly merges change big generation condensing droplet from expelling phenomenon。
Consult and shown in Fig. 5, tie up to high humility (relative humidity 80%, ambient temperature 25 DEG C), nano-particle hierarchy surface condensation drop size distribution plot when wall surface temperature 2 DEG C。It will be seen that vertical bar the highest in Fig. 5 represents the condensing droplet of less than 10 μm, on described nano-particle hierarchy surface, the condensing droplet of less than 10 μm accounts for more than 80%, it is possible to effective generation condensing droplet is from expelling phenomenon。
Embodiment 2
Step 1: clean the organic oils and fats and inorganic impurity of removing titanium material surface。
Step 2: electrolyte is the ammonium fluoride solution of 0.5wt.%, solvent is ethylene glycol and the 2vol.% water of 98vol.%, and reaction temperature 25 DEG C, voltage is constant voltage。By titanium material in the electrolyte of room temperature (such as 25 DEG C), (50V) starts oxidation at constant pressure, and in course of reaction, the system of kinetic current is relatively small (about 0.01-0.05A), and this walks response time 120min。
Step 3: put into magnetic rotor in centrifuge tube, adds 48ml methanol, adds 0.5ml1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluoro capryl triethoxysilane, adds 1.5ml deionized water, at magnetic stirrer 30min, stands 2h。
Step 4: step 2 reaction is cleaned the impurity removing gained titanium material surface, and dried after terminating。Gained titanium material surface is immersed in the silicon fluoride solution of step 3 gained 1 hour, takes out and in 140 DEG C of baking ovens, dry 1h, can obtain there is condensing droplet from the irregular nano tube structure surface expelling function。
Step 5: prepared titanium material is made heat exchanger。
Embodiment 3
Step 1: clean the organic oils and fats and inorganic impurity of removing titanium material surface。
Step 2: electrolyte is the hydrofluoric acid solution of 0.5wt.%, reaction temperature 25 DEG C, voltage is constant voltage。By titanium material in the electrolyte of room temperature (such as 25 DEG C), (20V) starts oxidation at constant pressure, and in course of reaction, the system of kinetic current is relatively small (about 0.01-0.05A), and this walks response time 20min。
Step 3: put into magnetic rotor in centrifuge tube, adds 48ml methanol, adds 0.5ml1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluoro capryl triethoxysilane, adds 1.5ml deionized water, at magnetic stirrer 30min, stands 2h。
Step 4: step 2 reaction is cleaned the impurity removing gained titanium material surface, and dried after terminating。Gained titanium material surface is immersed in the silicon fluoride solution of step 3 gained 1 hour, takes out and in 140 DEG C of baking ovens, dry 1h, can obtain there is condensing droplet from the nano tube structure surface expelling function。
Step 5: prepared titanium material is made heat exchanger。
DANGSHEN is according to the method for embodiment 1, when the obtained nanostructured surface of embodiment 1-3 carries out condensation test, it is possible to obtain similar test effect, its performance is far superior to common smooth titanium material。The performance of its heat exchanger prepared also is significantly larger than the heat exchanger of common titanium material。
In sum, the invention discloses and a kind of have condensing droplet from the preparation method that expels function surface, its reaction condition is gentle, at room temperature can realize, and simple process easily operates, and has a good application prospect。
It should be noted that, above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme and unrestricted, although the present invention being described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, technical scheme can be modified or equivalent replacement, without deviating from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of scope of the presently claimed invention。
Claims (7)
1. there is condensing droplet from the heat exchanger expelling function nano layer, including the heat exchanger body being made up of titanium material, it is characterized in that: described titanium material is made up of in the following manner: take negative electrode and anode that titanium material is constituted is placed in the room temperature electrolyte that mass fraction is 0.03-0.5% and forms oxidation system, and apply constant voltage 20V-60V between a cathode and an anode, reaction more than 20min, nanostructured is formed on titanium material surface, then by titanium material finishing low-surface energy substance with this。
2. heat exchanger according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described negative electrode is platinum electrode, graphite electrode, nickel electrode or Ti electrode。
3. heat exchanger according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described electrolyte is electrolyzing hydrofluoric acid liquid or ammonium fluoride electrolyte。
4. heat exchanger according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described nanostructured at least includes the one in following structure: rule nanotube, irregular nanotube, nano-particle hierarchy。
5. heat exchanger according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described nanostructured includes any one in the regular nanotube on titanium material surface, irregular nanotube, nano-particle hierarchy of array distribution。
6. heat exchanger according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described low-surface energy substance includes silicon fluoride, siloxanes, politef, silane coupler or higher fatty acids。
7. heat exchanger according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the method in order to modify low-surface energy substance includes infusion method or vapour deposition method。
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610164176.XA CN105696056A (en) | 2016-03-22 | 2016-03-22 | Heat exchanger with condensate drop self-repelling function nanolayer |
| PCT/CN2016/108320 WO2017161911A1 (en) | 2016-03-22 | 2016-12-02 | Heat exchanger having condensate drop self-repelling function nanolayer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610164176.XA CN105696056A (en) | 2016-03-22 | 2016-03-22 | Heat exchanger with condensate drop self-repelling function nanolayer |
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| CN105696056A true CN105696056A (en) | 2016-06-22 |
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| CN201610164176.XA Pending CN105696056A (en) | 2016-03-22 | 2016-03-22 | Heat exchanger with condensate drop self-repelling function nanolayer |
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| WO (1) | WO2017161911A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
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| WO2017161911A1 (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2017-09-28 | 苏州蓝锐纳米科技有限公司 | Heat exchanger having condensate drop self-repelling function nanolayer |
| WO2017161920A1 (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2017-09-28 | 苏州蓝锐纳米科技有限公司 | Aircraft wing provided with nanolayer having spontaneous condensate drop propelling function |
| CN108486627A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-09-04 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of surface treatment method of frosting resistance |
| CN110565145A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-12-13 | 华南理工大学 | Pure titanium surface super-hydrophobic anodic oxidation coloring film and preparation method and application thereof |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2017161911A1 (en) | 2017-09-28 |
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Inventor after: Lai Yuekun Inventor after: Zhang Songnan Inventor after: Huang Jianying Inventor after: Wang Tao Inventor after: He Zhicheng Inventor before: Lai Yuekun Inventor before: Wang Tao Inventor before: He Zhicheng |
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Application publication date: 20160622 |