CN105695081A - Extraction method for microalgal oil - Google Patents
Extraction method for microalgal oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN105695081A CN105695081A CN201610194083.1A CN201610194083A CN105695081A CN 105695081 A CN105695081 A CN 105695081A CN 201610194083 A CN201610194083 A CN 201610194083A CN 105695081 A CN105695081 A CN 105695081A
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- Prior art keywords
- microalgae
- acid
- organic solvent
- organic
- oils
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/04—Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/10—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an extraction method for microalgal oil. The extraction method comprises the following steps: adding 30-100% organic acid solution and 1-3% inorganic acid solution into microalgae in a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:(4-20) (kg:L), treating for 0.25-5.0 hours, and then adding an organic solvent for extracting oil. The extraction method disclosed by the invention is characterized in that the organic acid is adopted for breaking cells for the first time, then the organic solvent is adopted for extracting oil in the cells, and the organic acid and the organic solvent can be added at the same time. The extraction method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple operation process, short extraction time, low energy consumption, high microalgal oil yield and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biological chemical field, especially relate to the extracting method of a kind of microalgae grease。
Background technology
Microalgae refers to microalgae, belongs to water plant, they have widely distributed, Biomass is big, photosynthetic efficiency is high, adaptive capacity to environment is strong, growth cycle is short, Biomass yield high。Microalgae can utilize photosynthesis response system, fixing by CO2, converts light energy into chemical energy, is stored in somatic cell with the organic form such as oils and fats or starch, and its solar conversion efficiency can reach 3.5%。Microalgae is the potential resource for producing medicine, fine chemical product and New-type fuel, along with human society shortage of resources and environmental problem are increasingly serious, microalgae is utilized to carry out biodiesel and the exploitation of part fossil energy substitute products, both the shortcoming that petroleum resources are non-renewable can have been overcome, the discharge of CO2 can be reduced again, purify waste gas and sewage, it has also become the focus of research at present。
The extraction of current microalgae grease is mainly Mechanical Method smudge cells, then uses organic solvent extracting again, and first uses organic solvent extracting again with chemical method smudge cells。Wherein, mechanical crushing method includes high-pressure homogenization, sonioation method, ball-milling method, microwave method etc., and it is big that the method for these smudge cellses exists energy consumption, and equipment investment is big, it is difficult to apply further in industrialized production；And chemical method mainly adopts mineral acid logos, general strong inorganic acid such as sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid etc., there is mineral acid consumption big (general consumption is more than 10% based on microalgae dry biomass) in mineral acid smudge cells, mineral acid is not only difficult to reclaim, and, the mineral acid of high concentration is serious to equipment corrosion, and environment also can be produced to have a strong impact on by the discharge containing acid waste liquid。Visible, the microalgae grease extraction process in the urgent need to development of new promotes microalgae grease application in biodiesel and biological Aviation Fuel preparation field。
Microalgae is as a kind of novel biomass energy, and its advantage is apparent from, but in the utilization of microalgae, from current progress, also in the starting stage。Current research is concentrated mainly on screening advantage algae kind, improves oil algae growth pressure, increases the aspects such as fat content, and the research of raising oils and fats yield, applicable industrialized extracting method aspect is also little, but, research to oil algae, its final purpose is will towards petrochemical industry, the problem solving alternative energy source, so exploring efficient, to be suitable to the grease extraction of large-scale production and application research should become the direction of modern later research in period。
The fat content difference of microalgae is very big; at variety classes; bigger difference is there is also between even same kind of different lines; some are prone to the algae kind of pilot scale culture; its fat content typically constitutes from the 20%～50% of dry cell weight; well below conventional oil crop, therefore the grease extraction of some classics is not suitable for the extraction of microalgae grease。
In recent years, day by day serious due to energy shortage and environmental disruption, development bioenergy has become the focus of global concern。Wherein, bio-fuel-oil (biodiesel or the Aviation Fuel etc.) development being raw material with renewable oils and fats receives much concern。Wanting the bio-fuel-oil that development is raw material with renewable oils and fats, the sustainable supply of oils and fats is crucial。In recent years, microalgae grease is subject to domestic and international expert and scholar's extensive concern as bio-fuel-oil raw material。It is short that microalgae has life cycle, and growth rate is fast, it is possible to adapts to various planting conditions, and can gather the whole year。It addition, microalgae cultivation area occupied is few, it is possible to do not utilize general agricultural arable land, saving water resource, be the very promising renewable oils fat raw material of one。But, most microalgae greases all in born of the same parents, how effectively crushing microalgae cells to be extracted by the oils and fats in born of the same parents further be the key applied in field of biological energy source of promotion microalgae grease。
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides the extracting method of a kind of microalgae grease。
The technical scheme is that and be achieved in that:
The extracting method of the microalgae grease of the present invention, in microalgae, the organic acid of mass percent concentration 30%-100% and the mineral acid of mass percent concentration 1%-3% is added by the solid-to-liquid ratio that kg:L is 1:4-20, after processing 0.25-5.0h, add organic solvent and carry out the extraction of oils and fats。
Further, above-mentioned organic solvent and organic acid are simultaneously introduced in microalgae。
Further, above-mentioned method, in microalgae, add organic solvent by the solid-to-liquid ratio that kg:L is 1:3-15。
Further, above-mentioned organic acid is aliphatic organic acid。
Further, above-mentioned organic acid includes but not limited to formic acid, acetic acid。
Further, above-mentioned mineral acid includes but not limited to sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid and/or nitric acid。
Further, above-mentioned organic solvent includes but not limited to chloroform, petroleum ether, and the mixed liquor of they and methanol or ethanol。
The invention have the benefit that
1, solvent for use toxicity is low, and cost is low, and can reclaim and continue with。
2, operation is simple, it is easy to amplifies。
3, the inventive method operating process is simple, and extraction time is short, energy consumption is low, and microalgae grease yield is high。
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further illustrated, so that advantages and features of the invention are easier to be understood below by specific embodiment。
Embodiment 1:
A kind of extracting method of microalgae grease, after mixing by liquid-solid ratio 10:1 (L:kg) with microalgae with the acetic acid solution that mass percent concentration is 40%, stir process 2 hours under atmospheric boiling point, oils and fats extracting is carried out again with organic solvents, chloroform/acetic acid (volume ratio 1:1), the liquid-solid ratio (L:kg) of organic solvent and microalgae is 2:1, can obtain, in organic facies, the oils and fats that yield is 90% after centrifugal。
Embodiment 2:
A kind of extracting method of microalgae grease, it is that 8:1 (L:kg) mix with microalgae by liquid-solid ratio with the formic acid solution that mass percent concentration is 50%, it is simultaneously introduced organic solvents, chloroform/ethanol (volume ratio 1:1), the liquid-solid ratio of organic solvent and microalgae is (L:kg) is 3:1, stir process 3 hours under atmospheric boiling point, can obtain, in organic facies, the oils and fats that yield is 93% after centrifugal。
Embodiment 3:
A kind of extracting method of microalgae grease, adding mass percent concentration (based on microalgae dry weight) in the acetic acid solution that mass percent concentration is 60% is the sulphuric acid of 1%, gained mixed liquor is that 4:1 (L:kg) mixes with microalgae by liquid-solid ratio, it is simultaneously introduced methanol, the liquid-solid ratio (L:kg) of organic solvent and microalgae is 5:1, stir process 3.5 hours under atmospheric boiling point, can obtain, in organic facies, the oils and fats that yield is 96% after centrifugal。
Embodiment 4:
A kind of extracting method of microalgae grease, adding mass percent concentration (based on microalgae dry weight) in the formic acid solution of mass fraction 70% is the hydrochloric acid of 2%, gained mixed liquor and microalgae, it is after 6:1 (L:kg) mixes by liquid-solid ratio, stir process 2.5 hours under atmospheric boiling point, oils and fats extracting is carried out again with organic solvents, chloroform/ethanol (volume ratio 2:1), the liquid-solid ratio (L:kg) of organic solvent and microalgae is 10:1, can obtain, in organic facies, the oils and fats that yield is 95% after centrifugal。
Embodiment 5:
A kind of extracting method of microalgae grease, it is 5:1 (L:kg) mix after with microalgae by liquid-solid ratio by acetic acid solution that mass percent concentration is 80%, stir process 4.0 hours under atmospheric boiling point, oils and fats extracting is carried out again with organic solvent petroleum ether, the liquid-solid ratio (L:kg) of organic solvent and microalgae is 4:1, can obtain, in organic facies, the oils and fats that yield is 91% after centrifugal。
Embodiment 6:
A kind of extracting method of microalgae grease, it is 9:1 (L:kg) mix after with microalgae by liquid-solid ratio by formic acid solution that mass percent concentration is 70%, stir process 5 hours under atmospheric boiling point, oils and fats extracting is carried out again with organic solvents, chloroform/methanol (volume ratio 1:1), the liquid-solid ratio (L:kg) of organic solvent and microalgae is 5:1, can obtain, in organic facies, the oils and fats that yield is 96% after centrifugal。
Embodiment 7:
A kind of extracting method of microalgae grease, it is 7:1 (L:kg) mix after with microalgae by liquid-solid ratio by acetic acid solution that mass percent concentration is 80%, stir process 2.5 hours under atmospheric boiling point, oils and fats extracting is carried out again with organic solvent petroleum ether/methanol (volume ratio 2:1), the liquid-solid ratio (L:kg) of organic solvent and microalgae is 10:1, can obtain, in organic facies, the oils and fats that yield is 98% after centrifugal。
Embodiment 8:
A kind of extracting method of microalgae grease, adding mass percent concentration (based on microalgae dry weight) in the acetic acid solution that mass percent concentration is 50% is the nitric acid of 3%, gained mixed liquor is after 10:1 (L:kg) mixes with microalgae by liquid-solid ratio, stir process 4.5 hours under atmospheric boiling point, oils and fats extracting is carried out again with organic solvent petroleum ether, the liquid-solid ratio (L:kg) of organic solvent and microalgae is 6:1, can obtain, in organic facies, the oils and fats that yield is 99% after centrifugal。
The extracting method operating process of microalgae grease provided by the present invention is simple, extraction time is short, microalgae grease yield high。
Claims (7)
1. the extracting method of a microalgae grease, it is characterized in that, in microalgae, add the organic acid of mass percent concentration 30%-100% and the mineral acid of mass percent concentration 1%-3% by the solid-to-liquid ratio that kg:L is 1:4-20, after processing 0.25-5.0h, add organic solvent and carry out the extraction of oils and fats。
2. organic solvent according to claim 1 and organic acid are simultaneously introduced in microalgae。
3. method according to claim 1, adds organic solvent by the solid-to-liquid ratio that kg:L is 1:3-15 in microalgae。
4. organic acid according to claim 1 is aliphatic organic acid。
5. organic acid according to claim 1 includes but not limited to formic acid, acetic acid。
6. mineral acid according to claim 1 includes but not limited to sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid and/or nitric acid。
7. organic solvent according to claim 1 includes but not limited to chloroform, petroleum ether, and the mixed liquor of they and methanol or ethanol。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610194083.1A CN105695081A (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2016-03-31 | Extraction method for microalgal oil |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610194083.1A CN105695081A (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2016-03-31 | Extraction method for microalgal oil |
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| CN105695081A true CN105695081A (en) | 2016-06-22 |
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| CN201610194083.1A Pending CN105695081A (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2016-03-31 | Extraction method for microalgal oil |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102533430A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2012-07-04 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Extraction method of micro-algae oil |
| CN103849458A (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2014-06-11 | 清华大学 | Extraction method of microalgae oil |
| CN104560409A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-29 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method for direct preparation of biodiesel by utilizing microalgae ultrasonic-assisted ionic liquid composition |
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2016
- 2016-03-31 CN CN201610194083.1A patent/CN105695081A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102533430A (en) * | 2010-12-28 | 2012-07-04 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Extraction method of micro-algae oil |
| CN103849458A (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2014-06-11 | 清华大学 | Extraction method of microalgae oil |
| CN104560409A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-04-29 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method for direct preparation of biodiesel by utilizing microalgae ultrasonic-assisted ionic liquid composition |
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