CN105693266A - Preparation method of germanium oxide-gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite material - Google Patents
Preparation method of germanium oxide-gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN105693266A CN105693266A CN201610066726.4A CN201610066726A CN105693266A CN 105693266 A CN105693266 A CN 105693266A CN 201610066726 A CN201610066726 A CN 201610066726A CN 105693266 A CN105693266 A CN 105693266A
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- germanium oxide
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- 229910001195 gallium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 5
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 5
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxogermanium Chemical compound [Ge]=O PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N digallium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ga+3].[Ga+3] AJNVQOSZGJRYEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 88
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003837 high-temperature calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- JGDITNMASUZKPW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.Cl[Al](Cl)Cl JGDITNMASUZKPW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940009861 aluminum chloride hexahydrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000002950 fibroblast Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- UPWPDUACHOATKO-UHFFFAOYSA-K gallium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ga](Cl)Cl UPWPDUACHOATKO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012756 surface treatment agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- IEXRMSFAVATTJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachlorogermane Chemical compound Cl[Ge](Cl)(Cl)Cl IEXRMSFAVATTJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical group CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KBIWNQVZKHSHTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-n,4-n-dimethylbenzene-1,4-diamine;oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O.CN(C)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 KBIWNQVZKHSHTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QMMBZOSZCYBCDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N NCCNCCC[SiH](OC(OCC)(OCC)OCC)OC Chemical compound NCCNCCC[SiH](OC(OCC)(OCC)OCC)OC QMMBZOSZCYBCDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- JBIROUFYLSSYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzododecinium chloride Chemical group [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JBIROUFYLSSYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- SYELZBGXAIXKHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyldimethylamine N-oxide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)[O-] SYELZBGXAIXKHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C=C NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011167 hydrochloric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- YWFWDNVOPHGWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyldodecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C YWFWDNVOPHGWMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JHJUUEHSAZXEEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-dodecylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 JHJUUEHSAZXEEO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000352 supercritical drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004966 Carbon aerogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002291 germanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 medical industry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/0045—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by a process involving the formation of a sol or a gel, e.g. sol-gel or precipitation processes
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- C04B35/803—
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3286—Gallium oxides, gallates, indium oxides, indates, thallium oxides, thallates or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. zinc gallate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3287—Germanium oxides, germanates or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. copper germanate
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
- C04B2235/5208—Fibers
- C04B2235/5216—Inorganic
- C04B2235/522—Oxidic
- C04B2235/5228—Silica and alumina, including aluminosilicates, e.g. mullite
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- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/77—Density
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a germanium oxide-gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite material. The method comprises the following steps: infiltrating the prepared hybrid sol into a processed inorganic fiber material; gelling and sufficiently aging; and performing supercritical drying to obtain the hybrid aerosol composite material. In the technical scheme provided by the invention, the preparation technology is simple and easy to operate, and the germanium oxide-gallium oxide hybrid aerogel with excellent performance is prepared for the first time; the germanium oxide-gallium oxide hybrid aerogel with a large specific surface area, low density and high porosity is prepared by the technical scheme provided by the invention, wherein the excellent performance refers to 300-400m<2>/g of specific surface area, 0.13-0.20g/m<3> of density and 70-80% of porosity; the thermal conductivity of the aerosol composite material provided by the invention is lower than 0.035w/m.k at 1,000 DEG C, and the shrinkage rate is lower than 3.4%; and due to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the development and application of the germanium oxide material are widened.
Description
Technical field
The preparation method that the present invention relates to a kind of aeroge, specifically, relates to a kind of germanium oxide and the preparation method of gallium oxide aerogel composite。
Background technology
Aeroge refers to that the nanoporous network mutually assembling composition with nano-particle is skeleton, and is full of the lightweight nano solid material of gaseous state disperse medium in network skeleton hole。Aeroge is as a kind of nano material, except the characteristic with nano material, also there are other excellent properties, as: high porosity, high-specific surface area, extremely low density, low thermal conductivity and low sound transmission speed etc., in catalysis, space flight, medicine, the energy, building and metallurgy etc., there is huge application prospect。
Meanwhile, aeroge kind have also been obtained extreme enrichment, and such as metal aerogel, organic aerogel and carbon aerogels, so far increasing Novel air gel is progressively developed。
Germanium oxide can be widely used for making high pure metal germanium, germanium compound, chemical catalyst, medical industry, PET resin, electronic device etc.；Such as, the glass containing germanium oxide has higher refractive index and dispersion, can as pantoscope and microscope camera lens。In order to expand the development of aeroge further, the present invention will set forth have the germanium oxide of unique texture and performance and the preparation method of gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite first, can better promote development and the application of such material, widen the kind of aeroge simultaneously, promote the development of aeroge science and technology。
Summary of the invention
The preparation method that it is an object of the invention to provide the little germanium oxide of a kind of high-specific surface area, low-density, high porosity, low heat conduction and shrinkage factor and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite；Technical scheme processing technology provided by the invention simply, easily operate, and prepares germanium oxide and the gallium oxide hybrid aerogel of excellent performance first。
Realize the object of the invention technical scheme as follows:
The preparation method of a kind of germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite, described composite includes germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel, inorganic fibers, and described preparation method comprises the steps:
1) process of inorganic fibers: at 150～200 DEG C, dry inorfil 4～6 hours；After inorfil is immersed the surface treatment agent solution by inorfil, distilled water, surfactant and proportions that coupling agent weight ratio is 1:2～4:0.004～0.008:0.012～0.02, dry 1～3 hour at 160～220 DEG C, cool down to obtain inorfil after surface treatment；
Wherein, described inorfil is mullite fiber, the preparation method of described mullite fiber includes: weigh 241.5g Aluminum Chloride Hexahydrate, 135g aluminium powder, adds in 400ml deionized water, stir 20min with the rotating speed of 800rpm and prepare mixed solution, being subsequently adding 480ml Ludox and the polyvinyl alcohol of 1%, heating is to 80 DEG C, and be sufficiently stirred for, the HCl adjustment pH dripping 1mol/L in whipping process is 5 ± 1。Colloidal sol is prepared after stirring 12h。Colloidal sol obtains colloid fiber through getting rid of a fibroblast；Colloid fiber heats to 500 DEG C with the heating rate of 2 DEG C/min, and heat treatment 2h obtains amorphous fiber；By the amorphous fiber obtained through putting into specialty microwave oven heat treatment, sintering atmosphere is air, is warming up to 1000 DEG C with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min under normal pressure, is then incubated 30min, afterwards furnace cooling, namely obtains polycrystalline mullite fibre；
2) preparation of germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol: by germanium chloride, gallium chloride, alcohols material, deionized water, expoxy propane and catalyst according to the proportions mixed liquor that mol ratio is 0.5～1:0.5～2:10～50:10～40:0.05～0.5:10-4～10-2, stirring 10～20min obtains germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol after standing；
3) infiltration: by step 2) germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol infiltrate through step 1) process after inorganic fibers；
4) prepare germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite: at 50～80 DEG C, make step 3) gained infiltration thing in germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol generation gelling, obtain germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid gel；After 20～50 DEG C of aging 20～50h, after ethanol or carbon dioxide supercritical fluid drying；Under inert gas shielding, germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite are carried out high-temperature calcination, obtain germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite。
Further, described step 4) in noble gas be nitrogen, helium or neon。Described step 4) in high-temperature calcination temperature be 600～1200 DEG C。
Further, described alcohols material is methanol, ethanol, propanol or butanol。Described catalyst is hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, ethanedioic acid or Fluohydric acid.。Described coupling agent is gamma-aminopropyl-triethoxy-silane, N-β-aminoethyl-γ-aminopropyltriethoxy dimethoxysilane, MTMS or vinyltrimethoxy silane。Described surfactant is dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate, dimethyl dodecyl amine oxide, dodecyl-dimethyl amine second lactone or glycerin polyoxyethylene ether。
Further, the germanium oxide that prepared by described method and gallium oxide hybrid gel specific surface area 300～400m2/ g, porosity 70～80%。Germanium oxide that described method is prepared and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite thermal conductivity at 1000 DEG C are less than 0.035w/m k, and shrinkage factor is less than 3.4%。
With immediate prior art ratio, technical scheme provided by the invention has following excellent effect:
1, technical scheme preparation technology provided by the invention is simply, easily operate, and is suitable for large-scale production, and prepares germanium oxide and the gallium oxide hybrid aerogel of excellent performance first。
2, technical scheme provided by the invention prepares high-specific surface area, low-density, the germanium oxide of high porosity and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel, and its excellent properties is specific surface area 300～400m2/ more than g, density 0.13～0.20g/m3, porosity 70～80%。
3, technical scheme provided by the invention is prepared germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite thermal conductivity at 1000 DEG C are less than 0.035w/m k, and shrinkage factor is less than 3.4%。
4, technical scheme provided by the invention, has widened development and the application of germanium oxide material。
Detailed description of the invention
Further technical scheme is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments。Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art obtain, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention。
Embodiment 1
1) process of inorganic fibers: at 200 DEG C, dry inorfil 6 hours；After inorfil is immersed the surface treatment agent solution by inorfil, distilled water, surfactant and proportions that coupling agent weight ratio is 1:4:0.008:0.02, dry 1 hour at 220 DEG C, cool down to obtain inorfil after surface treatment；
Wherein, inorfil is mullite fiber, the preparation method of mullite fiber includes: weigh 241.5g Aluminum Chloride Hexahydrate, 135g aluminium powder, adds in 400ml deionized water, stir 20min with the rotating speed of 800rpm and prepare mixed solution, being subsequently adding 480ml Ludox and the polyvinyl alcohol of 1%, heating is to 80 DEG C, and be sufficiently stirred for, the HCl adjustment pH dripping 1mol/L in whipping process is 5 ± 1。Colloidal sol is prepared after stirring 12h。Colloidal sol obtains colloid fiber through getting rid of a fibroblast；Colloid fiber heats to 500 DEG C with the heating rate of 2 DEG C/min, and heat treatment 2h obtains amorphous fiber；By the amorphous fiber obtained through putting into specialty microwave oven heat treatment, sintering atmosphere is air, is warming up to 1000 DEG C with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min under normal pressure, is then incubated 30min, afterwards furnace cooling, namely obtains polycrystalline mullite fibre；
2) preparation of germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol: be 1:0.5:10:10:0.05:10 according to mol ratio by germanium chloride, gallium chloride, alcohols material, deionized water, expoxy propane and catalyst-4Proportions mixed liquor, stirring 20min stand after, obtain germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol；
3) infiltration: by step 2) germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol infiltrate through step 1) process after inorganic fibers；
4) prepare germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite: at 80 DEG C, make step 3) gained infiltration thing in germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol generation gelling, obtain germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid gel；After 50 DEG C of aging 20h, after supercritical drying；Under inert nitrogen gas is protected, germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite are carried out 600 DEG C of high-temperature calcinations, obtains germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite。
Embodiment 2
1) process of inorganic fibers: at 150 DEG C, dry inorfil 6 hours；After inorfil is immersed the surface treatment agent solution by inorfil, distilled water, surfactant and proportions that coupling agent weight ratio is 1:2:0.004:0.012, dry 3 hours at 160 DEG C, cool down to obtain inorfil after surface treatment；
Wherein, inorfil is mullite fiber, the preparation method of mullite fiber includes: weigh 241.5g Aluminum Chloride Hexahydrate, 135g aluminium powder, adds in 400ml deionized water, stir 20min with the rotating speed of 800rpm and prepare mixed solution, being subsequently adding 480ml Ludox and the polyvinyl alcohol of 1%, heating is to 80 DEG C, and be sufficiently stirred for, the HCl adjustment pH dripping 1mol/L in whipping process is 5 ± 1。Colloidal sol is prepared after stirring 12h。Colloidal sol obtains colloid fiber through getting rid of a fibroblast；Colloid fiber heats to 500 DEG C with the heating rate of 2 DEG C/min, and heat treatment 2h obtains amorphous fiber；By the amorphous fiber obtained through putting into specialty microwave oven heat treatment, sintering atmosphere is air, is warming up to 1000 DEG C with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min under normal pressure, is then incubated 30min, afterwards furnace cooling, namely obtains polycrystalline mullite fibre；
2) preparation of germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol: be 0.5:2:50:40:0.5:10 according to mol ratio by germanium chloride, gallium chloride, alcohols material, deionized water, expoxy propane and catalyst-2Proportions mixed liquor, stirring 15min stand after, obtain germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol；
3) infiltration: by step 2) germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol infiltrate through step 1) process after inorganic fibers；
4) prepare germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite: at 50 DEG C, make step 3) gained infiltration thing in germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol generation gelling, obtain germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid gel；After 20 DEG C of aging 50h, after ethanol or carbon dioxide supercritical fluid drying；Under noble gas neon is protected, germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite are carried out 1200 DEG C of high-temperature calcinations, obtains germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite。
Embodiment 3
1) process of inorganic fibers: at 180 DEG C, dry inorfil 5 hours；After inorfil is immersed the surface treatment agent solution by inorfil, distilled water, surfactant and proportions that coupling agent weight ratio is 1:3:0.006:0.016, dry 2 hours at 200 DEG C, cool down to obtain inorfil after surface treatment；
Wherein, inorfil is mullite fiber, the preparation method of mullite fiber includes: weigh 241.5g Aluminum Chloride Hexahydrate, 135g aluminium powder, adds in 400ml deionized water, stir 20min with the rotating speed of 800rpm and prepare mixed solution, being subsequently adding 480ml Ludox and the polyvinyl alcohol of 1%, heating is to 80 DEG C, and be sufficiently stirred for, the HCl adjustment pH dripping 1mol/L in whipping process is 5 ± 1。Colloidal sol is prepared after stirring 12h。Colloidal sol obtains colloid fiber through getting rid of a fibroblast；Colloid fiber heats to 500 DEG C with the heating rate of 2 DEG C/min, and heat treatment 2h obtains amorphous fiber；By the amorphous fiber obtained through putting into specialty microwave oven heat treatment, sintering atmosphere is air, is warming up to 1000 DEG C with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min under normal pressure, is then incubated 30min, afterwards furnace cooling, namely obtains polycrystalline mullite fibre；
2) preparation of germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol: be 1::30:20:0.1:10 according to mol ratio by germanium chloride, gallium chloride, alcohols material, deionized water, expoxy propane and catalyst-3Proportions mixed liquor, stirring 20min stand after, obtain germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol；
3) infiltration: by step 2) germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol infiltrate through step 1) process after inorganic fibers；
4) prepare germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite: at 70 DEG C, make step 3) gained infiltration thing in germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol generation gelling, obtain germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid gel；After 40 DEG C of aging 35h, after ethanol or carbon dioxide supercritical fluid drying；Under inert gas helium is protected, germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite are carried out 800 DEG C of high-temperature calcinations, obtains germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite。
Embodiment 4
1) process of inorganic fibers: at 180 DEG C, dry inorfil 4 hours；After inorfil is immersed the surface treatment agent solution by inorfil, distilled water, surfactant and proportions that coupling agent weight ratio is 1:3:0.007:0.014, dry 3 hours at 180 DEG C, cool down to obtain inorfil after surface treatment；
Wherein, inorfil is mullite fiber, the preparation method of mullite fiber includes: weigh 241.5g Aluminum Chloride Hexahydrate, 135g aluminium powder, adds in 400ml deionized water, stir 20min with the rotating speed of 800rpm and prepare mixed solution, being subsequently adding 480ml Ludox and the polyvinyl alcohol of 1%, heating is to 80 DEG C, and be sufficiently stirred for, the HCl adjustment pH dripping 1mol/L in whipping process is 5 ± 1。Colloidal sol is prepared after stirring 12h。Colloidal sol obtains colloid fiber through getting rid of a fibroblast；Colloid fiber heats to 500 DEG C with the heating rate of 2 DEG C/min, and heat treatment 2h obtains amorphous fiber；By the amorphous fiber obtained through putting into specialty microwave oven heat treatment, sintering atmosphere is air, is warming up to 1000 DEG C with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min under normal pressure, is then incubated 30min, afterwards furnace cooling, namely obtains polycrystalline mullite fibre；
2) preparation of germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol: be 0.5:1:40:30:0.2:10 according to mol ratio by germanium chloride, gallium chloride, alcohols material, deionized water, expoxy propane and catalyst-4Proportions mixed liquor, stirring 15min stand after, obtain germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol；
3) infiltration: by step 2) germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol infiltrate through step 1) process after inorganic fibers；
4) prepare germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite: at 65 DEG C, make step 3) gained infiltration thing in germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol generation gelling, obtain germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid gel；After 45 DEG C of aging 30h, after ethanol or carbon dioxide supercritical fluid drying；Under inert nitrogen gas is protected, germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite are carried out 900 DEG C of high-temperature calcinations, obtains germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite。
Embodiment 5
1) process of inorganic fibers: at 175 DEG C, dry inorfil 4 hours；After inorfil is immersed the surface treatment agent solution by inorfil, distilled water, surfactant and proportions that coupling agent weight ratio is 1:4:0.007:0.018, dry 2 hours at 220 DEG C, cool down to obtain inorfil after surface treatment；
Wherein, inorfil is mullite fiber, the preparation method of mullite fiber includes: weigh 241.5g Aluminum Chloride Hexahydrate, 135g aluminium powder, adds in 400ml deionized water, stir 20min with the rotating speed of 800rpm and prepare mixed solution, being subsequently adding 480ml Ludox and the polyvinyl alcohol of 1%, heating is to 80 DEG C, and be sufficiently stirred for, the HCl adjustment pH dripping 1mol/L in whipping process is 5 ± 1。Colloidal sol is prepared after stirring 12h。Colloidal sol obtains colloid fiber through getting rid of a fibroblast；Colloid fiber heats to 500 DEG C with the heating rate of 2 DEG C/min, and heat treatment 2h obtains amorphous fiber；By the amorphous fiber obtained through putting into specialty microwave oven heat treatment, sintering atmosphere is air, is warming up to 1000 DEG C with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min under normal pressure, is then incubated 30min, afterwards furnace cooling, namely obtains polycrystalline mullite fibre；
2) preparation of germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol: be 1:2:35:25:0.4:10 according to mol ratio by germanium chloride, gallium chloride, alcohols material, deionized water, expoxy propane and catalyst-2Proportions mixed liquor, stirring 18min stand after, obtain germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol；
3) infiltration: by step 2) germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol infiltrate through step 1) process after inorganic fibers；
4) prepare germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite: at 75 DEG C, make step 3) gained infiltration thing in germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol generation gelling, obtain germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid gel；After 40 DEG C of aging 45h, after ethanol or carbon dioxide supercritical fluid drying；Under noble gas neon is protected, germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite are carried out 1000 DEG C of high-temperature calcinations, obtains germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite。
Embodiment 6
1) process of inorganic fibers: at 200 DEG C, dry inorfil 5 hours；After inorfil is immersed the surface treatment agent solution by inorfil, distilled water, surfactant and proportions that coupling agent weight ratio is 1:3:0.006:0.016, dry 3 hours at 200 DEG C, cool down to obtain inorfil after surface treatment；
Wherein, inorfil is mullite fiber, the preparation method of mullite fiber includes: weigh 241.5g Aluminum Chloride Hexahydrate, 135g aluminium powder, adds in 400ml deionized water, stir 20min with the rotating speed of 800rpm and prepare mixed solution, being subsequently adding 480ml Ludox and the polyvinyl alcohol of 1%, heating is to 80 DEG C, and be sufficiently stirred for, the HCl adjustment pH dripping 1mol/L in whipping process is 5 ± 1。Colloidal sol is prepared after stirring 12h。Colloidal sol obtains colloid fiber through getting rid of a fibroblast；Colloid fiber heats to 500 DEG C with the heating rate of 2 DEG C/min, and heat treatment 2h obtains amorphous fiber；By the amorphous fiber obtained through putting into specialty microwave oven heat treatment, sintering atmosphere is air, is warming up to 1000 DEG C with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min under normal pressure, is then incubated 30min, afterwards furnace cooling, namely obtains polycrystalline mullite fibre；
2) preparation of germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol: be 1:2:35:40:0.5:10 according to mol ratio by germanium chloride, gallium chloride, alcohols material, deionized water, expoxy propane and catalyst-3Proportions mixed liquor, stirring 14min stand after, obtain germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol；
3) infiltration: by step 2) germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol infiltrate through step 1) process after inorganic fibers；
4) prepare germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite: at 65 DEG C, make step 3) gained infiltration thing in germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol generation gelling, obtain germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid gel；After 25 DEG C of aging 35h, after ethanol or carbon dioxide supercritical fluid drying；Under inert gas helium is protected, germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite are carried out 1100 DEG C of high-temperature calcinations, obtains germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite。
The raw materials used kind of embodiment and ratio thereof are listed in the table below 1。
Table 1
In embodiment, gained properties of sample is listed in the table below 2。
Table 2
Above example is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme is not intended to limit; those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that; the specific embodiment of the present invention can being modified with reference to above-described embodiment or equivalent replacement, these are all being applied within the claims awaited the reply without departing from any amendment or equivalent replacement of spirit and scope of the invention。
Claims (9)
1. the preparation method of a germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite, it is characterised in that described composite includes germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel, inorganic fibers, and described preparation method comprises the steps:
1) process of inorganic fibers: at 150～200 DEG C, dry inorfil 4～6 hours；Inorfil is immersed after processing by weight the surface treatment agent solution for the preparation of the inorfil of ratio of 1:2～4:0.004～0.008:0.012～0.02, distilled water, surfactant and coupling agent, dry 1～3 hour at 160～220 DEG C, cooling；
Wherein, described inorfil is mullite fiber, and the preparation method of described mullite fiber includes: weigh 241.5g Aluminum Chloride Hexahydrate, 135g aluminium powder, add in 400ml deionized water, stir 20min with the rotating speed of 800rpm and prepare mixed solution, be subsequently adding 480ml Ludox and the polyvinyl alcohol of 1%, heating is to 80 DEG C, and be sufficiently stirred for, the HCl adjustment pH dripping 1mol/L in whipping process is 5 ± 1, prepares colloidal sol after stirring 12h；Colloidal sol obtains colloid fiber through getting rid of a fibroblast；Colloid fiber heats to 500 DEG C with the heating rate of 2 DEG C/min, and heat treatment 2h obtains amorphous fiber；By the amorphous fiber obtained through putting into specialty microwave oven heat treatment, sintering atmosphere is air, is warming up to 1000 DEG C with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min under normal pressure, is then incubated 30min, afterwards furnace cooling, namely obtains polycrystalline mullite fibre；
2) preparation of germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol: be 0.5～1:0.5～2:10～50:10～40:0.05～0.5:10 according to mol ratio by germanium chloride, gallium chloride, alcohols material, deionized water, expoxy propane and catalyst-4～10-2Proportions mixed liquor, stirring 10～20min stand after, obtain germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol；
3) infiltration: by step 2) germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol infiltrate through step 1) process after inorganic fibers；
4) prepare germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite: at 50～80 DEG C, make step 3) gained infiltration thing in germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid collosol generation gelling, obtain germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid gel；At 20～50 DEG C after aging 20～50h, after ethanol or carbon dioxide supercritical fluid drying；Under inert gas shielding, germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite are carried out high-temperature calcination, obtain germanium oxide and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite。
2. the preparation method of a kind of germanium oxide as claimed in claim 1 and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite, it is characterised in that described step 4) in noble gas be nitrogen, helium or neon。
3. the preparation method of a kind of germanium oxide as claimed in claim 1 and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite, it is characterised in that described step 4) in high-temperature calcination temperature be 600～1200 DEG C。
4. the preparation method of a kind of germanium oxide as claimed in claim 1 and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite, it is characterised in that described alcohols material is methanol, ethanol, propanol or butanol。
5. the preparation method of a kind of germanium oxide as claimed in claim 1 and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite, it is characterised in that described catalyst is hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, ethanedioic acid or Fluohydric acid.。
6. the preparation method of a kind of germanium oxide as claimed in claim 1 and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite, it is characterized in that, described coupling agent is gamma-aminopropyl-triethoxy-silane, N-β-aminoethyl-γ-aminopropyltriethoxy dimethoxysilane, MTMS or vinyltrimethoxy silane。
7. the preparation method of a kind of germanium oxide as claimed in claim 1 and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite, it is characterized in that, described surfactant is dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate, dimethyl dodecyl amine oxide, dodecyl-dimethyl amine second lactone or glycerin polyoxyethylene ether。
8. such as the preparation method of the claim 1～7 germanium oxide as described in any one and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite, it is characterised in that germanium oxide prepared by described method and gallium oxide hybrid gel specific surface area 300～400m2/ g, porosity 70～80%。
9. such as the preparation method of the claim 1～7 germanium oxide as described in any one and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite, it is characterized in that, germanium oxide that described method is prepared and gallium oxide hybrid aerogel composite thermal conductivity at 1000 DEG C are less than 0.035w/m k, and shrinkage factor is less than 3.4%。
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