CN1056916C - Partial oxidation prcess and burner with porous tip - Google Patents
Partial oxidation prcess and burner with porous tip Download PDFInfo
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- CN1056916C CN1056916C CN 93118217 CN93118217A CN1056916C CN 1056916 C CN1056916 C CN 1056916C CN 93118217 CN93118217 CN 93118217 CN 93118217 A CN93118217 A CN 93118217A CN 1056916 C CN1056916 C CN 1056916C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for partial oxidation and a new burner used for simultaneously introducing two or three independent feed fluids to flow into a self-flow partial oxidation gas generator to prepare a gas fuel of synthetic gas or reducing gas. Reacting agent feed flows comprise liquid hydrocarbon fuels or the slurry of solid carbon fuels which can be pumped, and gas containing free oxygen, such as air or oxygen. The burner comprises a central conduit and a group of conduits which are separated and have a homocentric axial line, and annular passages downwards extending are formed among the conduits. The present invention can prevent the crack of a burner nozzle, can extend the service life of the burner and can prevent dust from depositing on the end surface of the burner.
Description
The present invention relates to by with hydrocarbon gas, liquid hydrocarbon matter fuel or the slurry that is in the pumpable solid carbonaceous fuel in the liquid carrier partly the method manufacturing of oxidation contain H
2With the admixture of gas of the CO for example improved process and the burner of forming gas, gaseous fuel and reducing gas.
Used multiple annular burner, feeding liquid stream had been incorporated in a kind of partial oxidation gas generator.For example, U.S. Patent No. 3528930 disclosed a kind of monocycle tubular burner, and U.S. Patent No. 3758037 and 3847564 disclosed dicyclo tubular burner, and U.S. Patent No. 4443230 and 4525175 then disclosed three annular cylinder shape burners.Conducting the surface of cool burner by the heat that adopts transpiration gas then is the theme of U.S. Patent No. 4775314.
Use a kind of burner side by side various feeding liquid streams to be incorporated in a kind of partial oxidation gas generator (, being called gasifier again here), with the recyclegas that the burner outer surface contacts, its temperature can reach about 1700 °F-3500 °F.Burner will adopt the cooling duct that feeds cooling fluid to cool off just usually can stand above-mentioned high temperature.One type cooling duct is the coil pipe that directly twines along its length outside burner.A kind of cooling chamber of annular provides the additional cooling to the burner end face.Because the effect of heat erosion environment produces thermal stress-cracking in the metal of burner nozzle in synthetic gas generator.And, easily deposit dust at the end face of burner.The design of improved burner of the present invention has overcome above-mentioned problem with other.
The invention provides a kind of improved method for partical oxidation and downflow system burner, be used for two strands or three strands independently reactant feed streams be incorporated into simultaneously in the gravity flow partial oxidation gas generator, to make forming gas, gaseous fuel or reducing gas.Above-mentioned independently feeding liquid stream comprises following (1), (2) and (3) for three stream burners, then comprise (2) and (3) for two stream burners, wherein (1) be contain can be randomly with cooling agent (as H
2O) gas that contains free oxygen of Hun Heing, or can be randomly and cooling agent (as: H
2O) gaseous material of the hydrocarbon gas of Hun Heing or a part of product recyclegas stream; (2) be the liquid hydrocarbon matter fuel stream that can randomly mix, or be in the slurry stream of the pumpable solid carbonaceous fuel in the liquid phase (as: cooling water) with cooling agent; (3) be the gas stream that contains free oxygen that can randomly mix with cooling agent gas (as: steam).
Purpose of the present invention can realize by the burner with following structure, the embodiment that is burner can comprise: a centre pipe and some coaxial pipes that separates, between these conduits, form the circular passage that flows downward, it is characterized in that, the above-mentioned conduit and the upstream extremity of circular passage seal, and its downstream is opened wide; The input unit that is connected with the upstream extremity of each conduit is used for making reactant feeding liquid stream or cooling fluid to pass through; A coaxial nozzle, it ends at the downstream of each passage; The metal cooling device of the pottery of a porous or porous is connected with the downstream of said burner, and its shape is the flat-disk shape or the calotte shape of thin-walled; Coolant supply apparatus is communicated with above-mentioned porous cooling device; Wherein, above-mentioned porous cooling device comprises the porous rigid material of the even composition of having of an integral body, uniform wall thickness and even porosity, and this material comprises inner surface and outer surface and porous core that has various interconnected holes of porous; Therefore the flow velocity of the cooling fluid of the above-mentioned end cooling device that passes through above-mentioned porous is controllable, and above-mentioned end cooling device has a medium pore, is used for making above-mentioned reactant feeding liquid stream freely to feed in the reaction zone; Therefore, above-mentioned cooling fluid is the hole by above-mentioned porous cooling device under pressure, and vaporization, thus the nozzle of cooling said burner.
The slurry of liquid hydrocarbon matter fuel or solid carbonaceous fuel and the gas that contains free oxygen even mixes and atomizes and mainly occur in reaction zone.But in one embodiment, upstream withdraw from the end face of burner in the end of the centre pipe and/or second conduit, so, above-mentioned be mixed with a part and may occur in before outer catheter outlet opening place or the outer catheter outlet opening.In the case, the high air mass speed that is just keeping fuel and the mixture that contains oxygen free body (can randomly mix) in the whole exit of burner with cooling agent.Adopt burner of the present invention, can advantageously always provide the high speed materials flow of the gas that contains free oxygen, so that mix with fuel stream and atomize.Contain free oxygen gas flow velocity remain on or approach an optimum value so that disperse the slurry of liquid hydrocarbon matter fuel or solid carbonaceous fuel.In addition, the axial symmetry that keeps the reactant flow pattern.Vaporization by water can prevent the end face deposition of dust at burner.Can prevent the stress cracking of burner nozzle, and prolong the working life of burner.
An alternative embodiment of the invention relates to following improved method for partical oxidation, thus the aforesaid burner of promptly a kind of employing partly the manufacturing of oxidation feed liquid stream contain H
2, CO, CO
2And at H
2O, N
2, A, CH
4, H
2The continuation method of the mist of at least a material among S and the COS, above-mentioned feeding liquid stream comprises a kind of slurry or a kind of liquid hydrocarbon matter fuel that can randomly mix with cooling agent that is in pumpable solid carbonaceous fuel in the liquid carrier, incoming flow with a kind of gas that contains free oxygen that can randomly mix with cooling agent, wherein, said burner comprises: a cylindrical shape centre pipe, and its longitudinal center's axis is coaxial with longitudinal center's axis of burner; An expedite convergence outlet nozzle develops into the vertical cylinder part that has the round exit hole in the downstream of centre pipe; Be connected, be used for locking device with its sealing with the upstream extremity of above-mentioned centre pipe; Input unit is communicated with the upstream extremity of above-mentioned centre pipe, be used for introducing with cooling agent and mix or unmixed gas feed stream, its velocity interval is approximately 6m/s (20 feet per second) to the velocity of sound, and incoming flow comprises the gas that contains free oxygen that can randomly mix with cooling agent, the hydrocarbon class gas that perhaps can randomly mix with cooling agent or a part of product recyclegas; One along its length and above-mentioned centre pipe concentric co-axial and be arranged in second conduit in the centre pipe outside, and the outlet nozzle of its convergence develops into a straight cylinder shape part that has the round exit hole in the downstream of second conduit; The device that is used for radially separating the above-mentioned centre pipe and second conduit and between them, forms one first circular passage, this circular passage is developing into a vertical circular passage near the downstream end place; Be connected and with the locking device of their sealings at their upstream extremity with above-mentioned second conduit and first circular passage, above-mentioned centre pipe is by the upstream blind end of above-mentioned second conduit, and forms a gas-tight seal with it; With the input unit that the upstream extremity of above-mentioned second conduit is communicated with, be used for introducing the first above-mentioned reactant feed streams; One along its length and the above-mentioned second conduit concentric co-axial and be arranged in the outer catheter in second conduit outside, be used for radially separating above-mentioned second conduit and outer catheter and form the device of one second circular passage between them, described circular passage develops into a truncated cone towards the convergence of downstream; Be connected so that seal their locking device in their end, upstream with outer catheter with second circular passage, described second conduit also forms a gas-tight seal with it by the upstream extremity of the sealing of outer catheter, the input unit that is communicated with the upstream extremity of above-mentioned outer catheter is used for a kind of gas feed stream that contains free oxygen that can randomly mix with cooling agent is introduced in above-mentioned second circular passage, and its velocity interval is approximately 6m/s (20 feet per second) to the velocity of sound; Independently feed conduit externally is connected with each above-mentioned input unit; And in each above-mentioned feed conduit, current velocity controller is arranged, be used for controlling respectively flow velocity by the feeding liquid stream of above-mentioned feed conduit; With surperficial flange connecting device outside the above-mentioned outer catheter in order to downwards during the aperture at the top by gas generator, to aim at longitudinal center's axis of said burner along the central axis of gas generator in the downstream of said burner; The metal cooling device of the pottery of a porous or porous is connected with the nozzle of said burner; The supply of cooling fluid is communicated with above-mentioned porous cooling device with discharger, wherein above-mentioned porous cooling device comprises a porous rigid material with uniform composition, uniform wall thickness and even porosity, and this material comprises the inner surface and the outer surface of porous and the porous core that has various interconnective holes; Above-mentioned partial oxidation occurs in the reaction zone of gravity flow gas generator, its autoignition temperature is about 1700 °F-3500 °F, pressure is about 1-300 atmospheric pressure, it is characterized in that, this method may further comprise the steps: (1) makes first circular passage of first reactant feeding liquid stream by burner, wherein said liquid stream comprises the slurry that is in the solid carbonaceous fuel in the liquid carrier, or the liquid hydrocarbon matter fuel that can randomly mix with cooling agent, its temperature is about room temperature to 260 ℃ (500), pressure is about 1-304 crust (1-300 atmospheric pressure), flow velocity is about 0.3-15m/s (1-50 feet per second), the flow velocity of the above-mentioned cooling fluid by above-mentioned porous end cooling device is controllable, above-mentioned porous end cooling device contains a centre bore, is used to make above-mentioned feeding liquid stream to flow freely into reaction zone; At least a portion of above-mentioned cooling fluid is greater than the pressure in the above-mentioned gasifier and be about 0.07-42 crust (1-600 pound/inch
2) pressure down by the hole on the above-mentioned porous cooling device, and vaporize, thereby cooled off the nozzle of said burner; Make the end of the above-mentioned centre pipe and/or second conduit or, perhaps end on the same plane that has the outer catheter outlet opening vertical with the longitudinal axis of burner from outer catheter outlet opening retraction upwards; One cylindrical slurry stream that has gas core is crossed burner portion before, and be subjected to the impact of the high velocity stream of one gas that contains free oxygen that can randomly mix with cooling agent, described impact occurs in nozzle place, the nozzle of burner and swims before or under the nozzle, evenly mixes with the gas that contains free oxygen so that form a kind of feeding slurry of spraying and make.
For the present invention is described in more detail, below with reference to shown in the accompanying drawing embodiment is described, in the accompanying drawing,
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal sectional view that passes through its upstream extremity and downstream of the most preferred embodiment of one three stream burner, shows the porous metals calotte shape cooling device that is connected with the downstream of burner.
The present invention relates to a kind of novel burning that is used in the on-catalytic type method for partical oxidation Device is used for producing synthesis gas body, burning gases or reducing gas. Burner the most handy one Plant the reactant fuel flow, this fuel flow comprises the hydrocarbon matter fuel of a kind of liquid state or a kind of being in The pumpable slurry of the solid carbonaceous fuel in the liquid carrier adopts this burner, A kind of reactant of the gas that contains free oxygen that mixes with cooling agent or do not mix with cooling agent Incoming flow mixes with the reactant fuel flow, and arbitrarily mixes with cooling agent. Atomizing and mixing Occur in the reaction zone of the common partial oxidation gas generator in downstream.
Reaction at non-catalytic free-pouring partial oxidation gas generator with refractory lining Produce a kind of pyrogen air-flow in the district, its temperature reach about 927 ℃-1927 ℃ (1700 °F-3500 °F), pressure is approximately for example about 5.1-253 of 1-304 bar (1-300 atmospheric pressure) Bar (5-250 atmospheric pressure), preferably approximately 10.1-101 clings to (10-100 atmospheric pressure). In U.S. State patent No.2809104 disclosed a kind of common partial oxidation gas generator. From gas Contain H in the former air-flow that the body generator is discharged2And CO, also contain one or more CO in the following material2、H
2O、N
2、A、CH
4、H
2S and COS. Based on fuel situation and behaviour Make condition, may carry some materials such as carbon deposit grain, thin ash or bits secretly with former air-flow.
Burner comprises: a cylindrical shape centre pipe, its longitudinal center's axis and gasifier The longitudinal center axis overlaps, and it has the nozzle of a convergence, downstream develop into one vertical The cylindrical portions may of small diameter, according to different embodiment, perhaps 1,2 cylindrical duct or 3 Cylindrical duct is radially separated, and is same central axis along its length and centre pipe, An expedite convergence outlet nozzle places the downstream of outermost conduit, by this nozzle row Go out feeding liquid stream. The inner surface of the second conduit inner surface and contraction section and centre pipe and Outer surface develops into straight cylinder shaped part branch in the downstream end near them. With general partition Conduit is radially separated each other, and formation can be that the first without hindrance annular is logical between them The road, the perhaps first and second without hindrance circular passages, perhaps first to the 5th without hindrance annular is logical The road, this will decide according to the situation of specific embodiment. For example, can use alignment pin, fin, Heart sheet, pad or other conventional method are separated each conduit toward each other symmetrically, and make They keep the stable alignment position, to greatly reduce flowing freely the obstruction of feed flow.
Downstream near first circular passage is the annular frustoconical portion of a convergence Divide, this part develops into a upright cylinder ring shaped part branch. Near second and the outer ring passing away Downstream be the convergence annular cone frustum shaped portion. Above-mentioned conduit and circular passage are thereon The trip end is gastight with the commonsense method sealing, for example available flange, plate or spiral The method of lid seals. In the most preferred embodiment of three stream burners, a band method Blue entrance is communicated with the upstream extremity of each conduit, to introduce following feeding liquid stream; (1) center Conduit---introduce a profit and contain and cooling agent such as H2The gaseous material of the gas that contains free oxygen that O arbitrarily mixes, or contain for example H of a kind of and cooling agent2The nytron that O arbitrarily mixes The gaseous material of the part of thing gas or recyclegas product; (2) second conduits---introduce With cooling agent such as H2O、CO
2The liquid hydrocarbon matter fuel that arbitrarily mixes, or a kind of solid carbon The aqueous slurry of matter fuel; (3) outer catheter---introduce a kind of and cooling gas such as H2The high velocity stream of the gas that contains free oxygen that O arbitrarily mixes. In another embodiment, burner Two strands of feed flows comprise (1) and cooling air-flow H for example2O、N
2That arbitrarily mix or not mixed The gas flow that contains free oxygen that closes is crossed centre pipe; With a kind of for example steam is random with cooling agent The liquid hydrocarbon matter fuel that mixes or a kind of aqueous slurry of solid carbonaceous fuel flow through outer ring Passage.
Second circular passage and outer ring passage are being received to longitudinal center's axis near downstream Hold back, its convergency is approximately 15 °-60 ° for example about 20 °-40 °.
For embodiment illustrated in fig. 1, the internal diameter along continuous straight runs of the delivery port of its centre pipe, second conduit and/or outer catheter is bigger than one according to next.The outlet of the outlet of centre pipe, second conduit and the outlet of outer catheter may be positioned on the same horizontal plane of burner nozzle, perhaps upstream bounce back from the circular outlet opening of the level of outer catheter, and this outlet opening is (being the downstream terminal) at the burner nozzle place.
Therefore, centre pipe, the end of second conduit may have the vertical retraction with respect to the outer catheter end, and perhaps they may be little by little or non-little by little retraction upstream.
Have among the embodiment of centre pipe and second conduit retraction at this, conduit outlet hole or a spot of mixing has just taken place before outlet opening outside, and, on the whole outlet opening of burner, keeping the slurry of solid carbonaceous fuel and the high air mass speed of the mixture of the gas that contains free oxygen that arbitrarily mixes with cooling agent.
The flow velocity of the gaseous flow (mix or do not mix with cooling agent) of centre pipe and outer ring passage by burner of the present invention is approximately 6m/s (20 feet per second) to the velocity of sound, for example about 46-229m/s (150-750 feet per second), the flow velocity of the liquid hydrocarbon matter fuel stream by first circular passage or the slurry stream of solid carbonaceous fuel is approximately 0.3-15m/s (1-50 feet per second), for example about 3-7.5m/s (10-25 feet per second), the speed of every kind of gas stream is at least 17m/s (56 feet per second), greater than the flow velocity of liquid slurry materials flow.
The gas that all contains free oxygen, according to different embodiment, separable opening is two plumes, or keeps its sub-thread stream.Therefore, containing two independent parts of the gas of free oxygen can be by centre pipe and outer ring passage.On the other hand, all contain free oxygen gas can or by centre pipe with or by the outer ring passage.In the embodiment of the gas that all contains free oxygen by centre pipe and outer ring passage, the total flow of the gas that contains free oxygen by burner can be allocated as follows (percentage by volume) between above-mentioned conduit and passage: centre pipe is approximately 5-60%, for example about 10-20%, and remaining is by the outer ring passage.Selection will make 100% the gas communication that contains free oxygen cross burner by the amount of the gas that contains free oxygen of each conduit or passage.
Adopt improved burner design of the present invention can avoid the thermal stress-cracking of burner nozzle, can prolong the working life of burner.Use cooling fluid for example to flow current or flow of liquid carbon dioxide comes the downstream end of cool burner.
The pottery of porous or the metal plate of porous or calotte are used for protecting the downstream with cool burner, make it not to be subjected to the infringement near the extremely hot environment of the gas generator of burner lower end.Burner must with contain H
2, CO
2, H
2O, NH
3, HCOOH, H
2The circular flow of the gaseous product of the mixture of S, COS, carbon granules and cigarette ash contacts.Temperature in the gasifier may be up to 927 ℃-1927 ℃ (1700 °F 3500 °F).By for example vaporization of water of cooling fluid of porous cooling device, can the cool burner nozzle, in addition, the outer surface by water flash distillation porous cooling device also can obtain some extra benefit.This vapor stream can reduce the possibility that dust deposits on the burner end face.In addition, may make the more uniform temperature of burner nozzle, and lower, and for example about 149 ℃-427 ℃ (300 °F-800 °F) are generally 204 ℃ (400 °F), thereby have reduced heat fatigue stress.
The temperature that keeps the porous ceramics of burner end or expanded metal or calotte for the temperature at the gasifier that surrounds burner nozzle in about 1260 ℃-1427 ℃ (2300-2600) for example about 1371 ℃ (2500) is at about 149 ℃-427 ℃ (300 °F-800 °F) for example about 204 ℃ (400 °F), will depend on the size of used burner from the amount (gallon per minute) of the long-pending cooling water that evaporates of every square centimeter of porous surface of outer surface of the porous plate of burner nozzle or cover, the geometry of burner nozzle, and the thermic load of burner nozzle.For example, for the burner of industrial usefulness, every square centimeter of long-pending per minute of porous surface evaporates 0.03dm at least
3(0.01 gallon), could adapt to thermic load 791.292KJ/h (750, needs 000BTU/n).But (this heat is normally discharged from system by the method for common water cooling and external heat exchange) evaporates because the water that enters gasifier is heated, so the thermal efficiency of technical process has improvement slightly.And the water that enters technical process by the porous cooling device does not influence slurry in the mixing of burner nozzle with concentrate, so can not influence the efficiency of combustion of coal slurry material one oxygen mixture yet.
It is hydrophilic being used for making the disc of protection burner nozzle or the porous ceramic film material of calotte shape member; its particle size range is approximately for example 0.1-40 μ m of 0.01 μ m-100 μ m; its uniform porosity ranges is about 46.1-54.8%, for example is about 48.5-52.3%.Though Alpha-alumina is best porous ceramics,, other porous class pottery as: gama-alumina, zirconia, silica, titanium oxide and their mixture all are suitable for.Be used for making the porous metal material of disc or calotte shape member, have even porosity and be approximately 46.1-54.8%, for example about 48.5-52.3%, this type of material has the porous stainless steel, (for example 300 series types), nickel alloy (for example Inconel, Incoloy) and cobalt alloy (Haynes169 for example, UMCO50).The size scope of above-mentioned porous metal is approximately 0.01-100 μ m, for example 0.1-40 μ m.
The wall thickness of porous plate or calotte spare is approximately 0.1-3cm, for example about 0.3-1.0cm.
In a most preferred embodiment, the temperature when entering with the inner surface that contacts porous ceramics or porous metals square position or calotte as the cooling water of cooling fluid is approximately 16 ℃-49 ℃ (60 °F-120 °F).The temperature that most coolings are liquid when leaving burner as liquid behind contact porous square position or porous calotte is approximately 24 ℃-57 ℃ (75 °F-135 °F).Positive differential pressure in the cooling fluid of whole porous cooling device is approximately 0.07-42 crust (1-600 pound/inch
2), for example about 2.4-14.8 crust (20-200 pound/inch
2), this pressure reduction makes the small part cooling fluid pass through Multiple-Aperture Device.The amount of the cooling fluid by Multiple-Aperture Device can be controlled by the usual pressure control valve that is contained on the cooling liquid outlet pipeline.Water by Multiple-Aperture Device can be controlled with the circulating water level control water tank of unifying, and wherein, will add fresh pure water according to owing to make water leave the situation that system causes liquid level to reduce by the Multiple-Aperture Device (see figure 1).Like this, just can keep aptly the cooling of burner nozzle is controlled according to various operation operating mode.In order to prolong the working life of porous ceramics or porous metals nozzle cooling device, the most handy filtration of cooling agent and softening water, or purifying and water distillation.In another embodiment, use liquid carbon dioxide as cooling fluid.The additional CO that will in partial oxidation gas generator, produce in the case.
In the operation of combustors process, volume control device can be used to start, stop and regulates flowing of the feeding liquid stream that enters each passage of burner.Each feeding liquid flows to into burner and side by side passes through with friction speed to following current, so that swimming closely contact before burner nozzle, the nozzle or under the nozzle and mixing each other.Tight under high speed of a kind of stream of reactants (for example being in the slurry of the solid carbonaceous fuel in the liquid carrier) and another kind of stream of reactants (for example gas stream that contains free oxygen that arbitrarily mixes with cooling agent) contacts that liquid slurry is fragmented into is tiny vaporific, produces multiphase mixture in reaction zone.
Control every flow velocity that contains the gas stream of free oxygen with being installed in every flow control valve on the feed pipe that enters burner.But control the flow velocity of the pumping slurry of solid carbonaceous fuel with being installed in speed control pump on the feed pipe that enters burner.Keeping oxygen to carbon atom ratio and H
2When O and fuel-weight ratio substantially constant, closing and starting of burner influenced by the flowing velocity of every incoming flow.By regulating every flow control valve on the feed pipe that contains the free oxygen air-flow,, always keeping high pressure reduction and high flow velocity even when starting and close.Therefore, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1.Have from the cylindrical slurry stream of the gaseous state heart portion of the front portion of burner discharging and just be subjected to containing the impact of the high velocity stream of oxygen free body, thereby guarantee the effective atomizing and the slurry of slurry stream and contain fully mixing that the gas of free oxygen flows in trip before burner nozzle, the nozzle or under the nozzle.
By in the central outlet hole of burner nozzle and ring exit hole and a kind of speed discharging reactant feeding liquid stream greater than the flame expansion rate can prevent that combustible from burning in by burner.Flame speed and mix ingredients, this class factor of temperature and pressure are relevant.This speed can be calculated or determines by rule of thumb with conventional method.
That burner assembly of the present invention inserts downwards is a compactness, hollow, free-pouring, non-catalytic, the top inlet of the synthetic gas generator of band refractory lining, this gas generator for example U.S. Patent No. 3544291 described that is a kind of.Burner extends along the central axis that has directly to the gas generator of the downstream of reaction zone discharge.Reactant feed streams will carefully be regulated with the relative scale of the cooling agent of introducing gas generator, so that with for example about 98% (weight %) of the most of carbon in the fuel or the higher oxycarbide that converts to, and keep the autoignition temperature scope of reaction zone to be approximately 927 ℃-1927 ℃ (1700 °F-3500 °F), be preferably 1260 ℃-1427 ℃ (2300 °F-2600 °F).
The time of having a rest temporarily in the reaction zone is about 1-10 second, preferably is approximately 2-8 second.When pure basically oxygen is sent into gas generator, discharge the composition following (by the mol percentage of dry basis) of gas: H from gas generator
210-60; CO 20-60; CO
25-40; CH
40.01-5; H
2S+COS 0-5; N
20-5; A 0-1.5.When air was sent into gas generator, it discharged the composition approximately following (by the mol percentage of dry basis) of gas: H
22-30; CO 5-35; CO
25-25; CH
40-2; H
2S+COS 0-3; N
245-80; A 0.5-1.5.In discharging gas stream, also contain inconvertible carbon granule, dust and bits or their mixture.
For example the pumpable slurry of the solid carbonaceous fuel of about 50-70wt% can be by the access road of the first annular vent passage to contain the dried about 30-75wt% of amount of solid.The inlet temperature of slurry is about about 260 ℃ (500 °F), but, the carrier that is preferably lower than solid carbonaceous fuel is about 1-304 crust (1-300 atmospheric pressure) at given inlet pressure, for example 5.1-253 clings to (5-250 atmospheric pressure), the evaporating temperature when being about 20.2-101 crust (20-100 atmospheric pressure) usually.
Following one group of different material and composition thereof expected to comprise in term " solid carbonaceous fuel " (being used for describing solid carbonaceous raw material here), promptly coal, with the coke of coal refining, with coal system black wood charcoal, coal liquefaction residue, petroleum coke, dustless carbon black and from the solid of oil shale, tar sand and pitch.All types of coals can be used, and comprise anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal and brown coal.Dustless carbon black can be the accessory substance from partial oxidation process, or passes through burning mineral fuel and obtain.Term " solid carbonaceous fuel " comprises that also the sanitary sewage of rubbish fragment, discharge and semisolid are as pitch, rubber and the class elastomeric material (rubber tyre that comprises automobile.
Solid carbonaceous fuel preferably is milled down to particle size, so that make this kind fuel of 100% by an ASTM E11-70 sieve label standard 1.40mm (substitute No.14).In addition, in one embodiment, at least 80% by ASTM E11-70 sieve label standard 4.25mm (No.40 of replacement).The water content that solid carbon is held the fuel particle is approximately 0-40wt%, for example 2-20wt%.
Term " liquid carrier " (here as the suspension media of making pumpable solid carbonaceous fuel slurry) is intended to comprise following various material: aqueous water, liquid hydrocarbon material, and their mixture, still, aqueous water is the optimum carrier of solid carbonaceous fuel particle.In one embodiment, liquid carrier is a liquid carbon dioxide.In the case, liquid slurry may contain the 40--70wt% solid carbonaceous fuel, and all the other are liquid CO
2CO
2One solid fuel slurry can be approximately-55 ℃-38 ℃ (67 °F-100 °F) (deciding according to force value) in temperature and introduce in the burner.
At this moment used term " gas that contains free oxygen " is intended to comprise the air (promptly greater than 21% gram molecule oxygen) of air, oxygen enrichment and pure basically oxygen (promptly greater than 95% molar oxygen), and (all the other are for containing N
2And rare gas).
The gas stream that contains free oxygen flows the reaction zone that infeeds gas generator simultaneously with fuel, its temperature is about room temperature to 816 ℃ (1500), preferably, is about room temperature to 149 ℃ (300) for oxygen-enriched air, for air, be approximately 260 ℃-816 ℃ (500 °F-1500 °F).The pressure in partial oxidation reaction district is approximately for example 20.2-101 crust (20-100 atmospheric pressure) of 1-304 crust (1-300 atmospheric pressure).The ratio (O/C atomic ratio) of carbon atom can be approximately 0.5-1.95 in the oxygen atom that the free oxygen atom adding organically combines in solid carbonaceous fuel and the solid fuel.
Here the term of usefulness " cooling agent " comprises water, steam, CO
2, N
2And the cool cycles part of air-flow product.Cooling agent can mix with fuel stream and/or oxidant.But if with the cool cycles part of air-flow product, it just can not mix with oxidant.
Here the term of usefulness " hydrocarbon gas " comprises methane, ethane, propane, butane and natural gas.
In one embodiment, feeding liquid stream comprises the slurry of hydrocarbon metallic substance of a kind of liquid state and solid carbonaceous fuel, and the water of liquid phase can mix for example as a kind of emulsion with the hydrocarbon matter carrier of liquid state.The 0-25wt% that a part of water is about Total Water can introduce conduct and flow H with the liquid that the gas that contains free oxygen arbitrarily mixes
2The ratio of O fuel can be approximately 0-5, for example about 0.1-3.
Here the term of usefulness " liquid hydrocarbon matter fuel " comprises for example liquefied petroleum gas of various materials, petroleum distillate and residue, gasoline, raw gasoline, kerosene, crude oil, coal tar, gas-oil, Residual oil, tar sand oil and oil shale oil, coal oil refining, aromatic hydrocarbon (as: benzene, toluene, the dimethylbenzene fraction), coal pitch, circulation gas and oil from fluid catalysis fission operation, the furans extract of coking gas and oil, methyl alcohol, ethanol and other alcohols and the oxygenated fluid attitude hydrocarbon that comes the byproduct of autoxidation or hydrogen-oxygen synthetic method, and the mixture of above-mentioned substance.
The accompanying drawing of referential expression details of the present invention can be understood the present invention more satisfactorily.But, though description of drawings embodiments of the invention, we are not intended to limit the invention to described concrete device or material.
Referring to accompanying drawing 1, the figure shows the three runner burners an of the best.Here, this embodiment is called as Fig. 1 embodiment A.Three runner burners are side by side admitted three strands of independent feeding liquid streams.Burner 1 has downstream, and this end is passed down through an aperture at the partial oxidation syngas body generator (not shown) top of a gravity flow.Longitudinal center's axis of burner 1 is preferably aimed at the central axis of synthetic gas generator by mounting flange 3.Burner 1 comprises concentric cylindrical center conduit 8, second conduit 9 and outer catheter 10 respectively, at the downstream end of burner the water-cooled metal end calotte 12 of one porous is set, and the downstream part of burner 1 can be around outer cooling ring 13 is arranged.Be used for flanged (FLGD) inlet tube 20-22 of burner feed is connected with 10 with centre pipe 8 and concentric cylinder type hollow conduit 9 respectively.
Burner has two for the moving without hindrance annular passage of feeding liquid stream pressure free current, and this passage forms by radially separating three conduits.Therefore, the first annular passage is between the interior diameter of the overall diameter of centre pipe 8 and second conduit 9, and the gap between the centre pipe and second conduit is kept by wall pad 26.Outer toroid passage 27 is between the interior diameter of the overall diameter of second conduit 9 and outer catheter 10.Keep radial clearance between second conduit and the 3rd conduit with wall pad 28.
The upstream extremity of above-mentioned each conduit and annular passage is closed.Cover plate 35-37 is center seal conduit 8, annular passage 25 and cylindrical circular passage 27 respectively.Available general mechanism is fixed on the end of conduit with cover plate, for example with flange, weld, being threaded fixes.Can adorn sealing gasket prevents to sew.
In the downstream of burner, the internal diameter of the external diameter of centre pipe 8 and second conduit reduces gradually, for example reduces about 30-50%, and develops into right circular cylinder shape part 40 and 41 respectively.Vertical annular passage 42 is between right circular cylinder shape part 40 and 41.The tip 44 of second conduit 9 and centre pipe 8 and random tip portion 43 upstream bounce back from the end face of burner respectively gradually, to form a frustoconical district 47 (seeing accompanying drawing) of dispersing, in other words, point 43 and 44 can be at same horizontal plane perpendicular to the central axis of burner of downstream face termination of burner.Best, the foremost part of cooling chamber 12 is at the same horizontal plane of face 46 terminations of burner.
At point 31 places near the downstream end of burner 1, outer catheter 10 is divided into two division wall 50 and 51.Division wall 50 is frustoconical, and towards the convergence of burner downstream face, the outer surface of the downstream divergent portion 52 of its inner surface and second conduit 9 separates by pad 28, thereby forms the downstream discharge part 53 of outer ring passage 27.The calotte 12 of porous is connected with the nozzle of burner 1 by welding, soldering, bolt, bonding or other appropriate method, so that form the hollow annular cooling fluid chamber 54 of a leakproof.For example, the sidewall upper of porous metals calotte 12 is to be welded to or additive method is connected to the end of the division wall 51 of outer catheter 10 along circumference.Seam 55 is cooled off, and is protected by close coolant pipe 70 and 71.The inner bottom surface 59 of porous calotte 12 is to be welded on 56 or additive method is sealed to the end of division wall 50 around hole 57 at point along circumference.
Embodiment B (not shown) and the embodiment A of Fig. 1 are basic identical, and difference is that seam 56 is upstream to contract from burner face 46, so that protect this seam to avoid the infringement of the hot combustion gas of whirling motion on burner face.In the case, the porous metals diapire of end calotte 12 is just swerved, and form circumferential seam in the upward direction at 58 places, therefore constitute the porous lip of the truncated cone of a weak point, its highly be approximately centre bore 57 on the burner face diameter 1/4 to 1/2.At 58 places, the downstream of the upstream extremity of above-mentioned porous metals lip and frustoconical wall 50 is welded along circumference, to form an anti-leak seal.The diameter of the coaxial aperture 57 of the bottom of porous calotte 12 can make the liquid of all whole feeding-passage chargings from burner freely emit.
Feed fluid by independently be arranged in burner 1 on end have the feed pipe introducing burner that the inlet tube 20-22 of flange is connected.Therefore, a kind of comprise with cooling agent (as H
2O) gaseous material of the part of the hydrocarbon gas that arbitrarily mixes or a kind of cool cycles gaseous product makes by pipeline 60, flow control valve 61, pipeline 62 and inlet tube 20 and enters burner, and the independent steam flow of the gas that contains free oxygen that a kind of and cooling agent arbitrarily mix then passes through pipeline 66, flow control valve 67, pipeline 68 and inlet tube 22 feeding burners.
By pipeline 70 with cooling fluid for example water infeed the annular cooling liquid chamber 54.Cooling fluid is at the dirty supercooling liquid chamber 54 of pressure, so some cooling fluid just flows out by the diapire and the sidewall of end calotte 12.The water of the water of outflow calotte 12 and the outer surface of calotte 12 absorbs the heat of calotte 12, and is converted into steam, thereby has cooled off burner nozzle.The heat that when cooling fluid flows into and flow out cooling liquid chamber 54, then adds by conduction absorption.Cooling fluid is left the cooling liquid chamber by pipeline 71, and flows through the coil pipe 13 around the device external diameter.In another embodiment, cooling fluid enters cooling liquid chamber 54 by two pipelines 70 and 71.
Embodiment A or the B of Embodiment C (not shown) and Fig. 1 are basic identical, but replace said nozzle calotte 12 with a smooth porous ceramics disk or porous metals disk.In the case, division wall 51 can be extended to burner nozzle, here be connected together with welding with backing or with additive method for example bolt be connected so that smooth porous ceramics dish is formed leakproof seal.The end of division wall 50 also can similarly be connected on the flat porous disc, and it will be soldered to the upwardly extending end at the top surface of centre bore 57 or/or inner edge or 58 places on the metal cooling piece of the end of porous.
In another embodiment (be referred to as the embodiment D of Fig. 1 herein but not shown), burner is introduced two bursts of feed fluid, for example, removes second conduit 9, contraction section 52 and inlet tube 21 from burner shown in Figure 1.One with cooling agent for example the gas that contains free oxygen that arbitrarily mixes of steam pass through or entry nozzle 20 or entry nozzle 22.One flows the aqueous slurry of (for example liquid hydrocarbon matter fuel) or the hydrocarbon matter fuel of one solid by remaining clear passage with the liquid fuel that cooling agent (for example steam) arbitrarily mixes.
Under the situation of the scope that does not deviate from spirit of the present invention, can be to improving in the present invention recited above or changing.Therefore, the present invention only should be limited by claims.
Claims (15)
1. the burner of a reactant fuel fluid stream partial oxidation that is used for making the slurry that contains liquid hydrocarbon matter fuel or be in pumpable solid carbonaceous fuel in the liquid-carrier, comprise: a conduit and some coaxial pipes that separates, between these conduits, form the circular passage of extending downwards, wherein, described conduit and circular passage are sealed at its upstream end, and open wide in their downstream; Be connected, be used for feeding the input unit of reactant feeding liquid stream or cooling fluid stream with the end, upstream of each conduit; Coaxial nozzle on downstream that terminates at every passage; It is characterized in that: the pottery of a porous or metal cooling device are connected with the downstream of said burner; Be cooling fluid supply and the discharger that fluid is communicated with above-mentioned porous cooling device; Wherein, above-mentioned porous cooling device comprises a kind of porous material with even composition, uniform wall thickness and even porosity, and this material comprises the inner surface and the outer surface of porous and the porous core with various interconnected holes; Therefore, the flow velocity of the above-mentioned cooling fluid by above-mentioned porous end cooling device is controllable, and, above-mentioned end cooling device contains one makes above-mentioned reactant feeding liquid stream freely feed the centre bore of reaction zone, therefore, have a part of above-mentioned cooling fluid porous inner surface, porous core and porous outer surface by above-mentioned porous cooling device successively under pressure at least, and a vaporization, thereby cooled off the nozzle of said burner.
2. according to the burner of claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned porous cooling device is calotte shape or discoidal.
3. according to the burner of claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned porous cooling device is made with a kind of porous ceramic materials, selected ceramic material can be alpha-aluminium oxide, γ zirconia, zirconia, silica, titanium oxide and their mixture.
4. according to the burner of claim 1, it is characterized in that, described porous cooling device is made with the metal of porous, and selected metal can be the porous stainless steel, such as the nickel alloy of Inconel and Incoloy and such as the cobalt alloy of Haynes 168 and UMCO50.
5. according to the burner of claim 4, it is characterized in that the even porosity ranges of above-mentioned porous metals cooling device is approximately 46-54.89%, its wall thickness is approximately 0.1-3cm.
6. according to the burner of claim 1 or 2 or 5, it is characterized in that, the device of supplying with above-mentioned cooling fluid is housed, its positive differential pressure scope is about 0.07-42 crust (1-600 pound/inch
2), drive cooling fluid and pass through Multiple-Aperture Device.
7. be used for to contain simultaneously burner in the reaction zone that the gas stream of free oxygen and pumpable fuel flows to the free-pouring partial oxidation gas generator of introducing down according to claim 1 or 2 or 5, comprise: a cylindrical shape centre pipe, the central longitudinal axis of this conduit is coaxial with longitudinal center's axis of burner; An expedite convergence outlet nozzle, it develops into the rectilinear cylindrical part that has the round exit hole at the downstream end of centre pipe; With the locking device that the upstream extremity of above-mentioned centre pipe is connected, be used for the blocked center conduit; With the input unit that the upstream extremity of centre pipe is communicated with, be used for introducing comprise can be randomly with as H
2The gas that contains free oxygen that the cooling agent of O mixes or can be randomly with as H
2Hydrocarbon matter gas that the cooling agent of O mixes or the gaseous state feeding liquid of a part of product recycle gas stream stream; One along its length and above-mentioned centre pipe concentric co-axial and be arranged on second conduit in the described centre pipe outside, this second conduit has the outlet nozzle of a convergence, and it develops into a vertical cylinder part that has a round exit hole in the downstream of above-mentioned second conduit; Radially separate the above-mentioned centre pipe and second conduit and form the device of first circular passage between them, this circular passage is developing into a upright circular passage near downstream end; With above-mentioned second conduit and first circular passage at the locking device that their upstream extremity is connected, be used for they sealings; Above-mentioned centre pipe passes through the upstream blind end of above-mentioned second conduit, and forms a kind of gas-tight seal; With the inlet device that the upstream extremity of second conduit is communicated with, be used for introducing the feeding liquid stream that contains the liquid hydrocarbon matter fuel that can randomly mix or pumpable solid carbonaceous fuel with cooling agent; One concentric and coaxial and be arranged on the outer catheter in described second conduit outside with above-mentioned second conduit along its length; Radially separate above-mentioned second conduit and outer catheter and form the device of second circular passage between them, above-mentioned second circular passage develops into a frustum part towards the downstream convergence; Be connected the locking device that is used for they sealings at its upstream end with above-mentioned second circular passage and outer catheter; The second above-mentioned conduit passes through the upstream blind end of above-mentioned outer catheter, and forms an air tight sealing; The input unit that is communicated with the upstream extremity of above-mentioned outer catheter is used for a kind of incoming flow of the gas that contains free oxygen that can randomly mix with cooling agent is introduced in the second above-mentioned circular passage; Independently feed conduit externally is connected with above-mentioned each input unit; On each above-mentioned feed conduit, current velocity controller is arranged, be used for controlling respectively flow velocity by the feeding liquid stream of above-mentioned feed conduit; Be used for aiming at longitudinal center's axis of said burner along the central axis of gas generator during the aperture, top by gas generator downwards with the outer surface flange connecting mechanism of above-mentioned outer catheter in the downstream of said burner; Above-mentioned porous ceramics or porous metals cooling device are connected with the end of said burner, and form the ring-type cooling liquid chamber of a hollow; It is characterized in that the end of the above-mentioned centre pipe and/or second conduit or from outer catheter outlet opening retraction upwards perhaps stops having on the same plane perpendicular to the burner longitudinal axis of outer catheter outlet opening; And, one cylindrical slurry stream that has gas core is crossed the front portion of burner, and be subjected to the impact of the high velocity stream of the gas that contains free oxygen that can randomly mix with cooling agent, described impact occurs in before burner nozzle, the nozzle or under the nozzle and swims, spray to form, and the gas that contains free oxygen is evenly mixed with the feeding slurry.
8. according to the burner of claim 7, it is characterized in that above-mentioned porous cooling device is a kind of porous metals, and be calotte shape to have one in its bottom and be used for discharging the coaxial centre bore that above-mentioned feeding liquid flows; The wall of above-mentioned outer catheter develops into the division wall of a vertical division wall and a convergence in the downstream of burner; Above-mentioned porous calotte shape cooling device is connected with the said burner nozzle, its method of attachment is the downstream that the upstream extremity of the vertical wall of above-mentioned porous calotte shape cooling device is welded to vertical branch's wall of above-mentioned outer catheter, and the bottom of above-mentioned calotte shape cooling device is welded to the downstream of the above-mentioned convergence division wall of above-mentioned outer catheter, perhaps with porous calotte bottom be soldered to the downstream of the above-mentioned convergence division wall of above-mentioned outer catheter round the top that extends upward part of centre bore, thereby form the cooling liquid chamber of the ring-type of a porous at the burner nozzle place.
9. according to the burner of claim 7, it is characterized in that upstream little by little withdrawing from outer catheter outlet hole wall in the end of the above-mentioned centre pipe and second conduit, thereby formed a frustoconical discharge region of dispersing before the downstream of burner.
10. burner according to Claim 8 is characterized in that, an inlet tube is housed, and is used for above-mentioned cooling fluid is introduced in the doughnut of above-mentioned porous; Also have an outlet, be used for cooling fluid is discharged from above-mentioned porous doughnut, cooling coil also is housed, be centered around the downstream of said burner, and be connected with above-mentioned cooling fluid discharge pipe.
11. according to claim 1 or 2 or 5 be used for will contain the air-flow of free oxygen simultaneously and pumpable fuel flows to the burner of introducing the reaction zone of gravity flow partial oxidation gas generator down, comprise: a cylindrical shape centre pipe, its longitudinal center's axis is coaxial with longitudinal center's axis of burner; An expedite convergence outlet nozzle, it develops into the upright cylindrical portions may that has a round exit hole at the downstream end of centre pipe; Be connected with the upstream extremity of above-mentioned centre pipe and with the locking device of its sealing; First input unit that is communicated with the upstream extremity of centre pipe, be used for introducing following reactant feeding liquid stream: (1) contains gas that contains free oxygen or the reactant feed streams that can randomly mix with cooling gas, or the feeding liquid that (2) contain the slurry of the liquid hydrocarbon matter fuel that can randomly mix with cooling agent or moisture solid carbonaceous fuel flows; One coaxial concentric and be arranged in the outer catheter in the above-mentioned centre pipe outside along its length and above-mentioned centre pipe, and it has the outlet nozzle of a convergence, and this nozzle develops into a cone frustum shaped portion in the downstream of above-mentioned outer catheter; Be used for radially separating above-mentioned centre pipe and outer catheter and between them, form the device of first circular passage; Be connected and with the locking device of its sealing at their upstream extremity with above-mentioned outer catheter and first circular passage, above-mentioned centre pipe by above-mentioned outer catheter the upstream blind end and form a gas-tight seal with it; One second input unit is communicated with the upstream extremity of outer catheter, is used for introducing in above-mentioned (1) or (2) any feeding liquid that does not feed above-mentioned first input unit stream; One independently feed conduit be connected with each above-mentioned input unit from outside, and in above-mentioned each feed conduit, have volume control device, be used for controlling respectively the flow velocity that the feeding liquid by above-mentioned feed conduit flows; With the outer surface flange connecting mechanism of above-mentioned outer catheter, be used for when the downstream of said burner is passed through the aperture, top of gas generator downwards, aiming at longitudinal center's axis of said burner along the central axis of gas generator; The metal cooling device control part of the pottery of above-mentioned porous or porous is passed through the flow velocity of its above-mentioned cooling fluid, and constitutes the ring-type cooling liquid chamber of a hollow; It is characterized in that, the end of above-mentioned centre pipe or from outer catheter outlet opening retraction upwards, perhaps end on the same plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of burner with the outer catheter outlet opening, thereby above-mentioned reactant feed streams before burner nozzle, nozzle place or nozzle downstream pile up, to form a kind of atomizing and mixed uniformly fuel.
12. the burner according to claim 11 is characterized in that, above-mentioned porous cooling device is a calotte shape, and is connected with the end of said burner, cools off liquid chamber to constitute a leakproof that is used for above-mentioned cooling fluid.
Thereby 13. one kind adopt burner as claimed in claim 1 partly oxidation feed liquid stream make and contain H
2, CO, CO
2And at H
2O, N
2, A, CH
4, H
2The continuation method of the mist of at least a material among S and the COS, above-mentioned feeding liquid stream comprises a kind of slurry or a kind of liquid hydrocarbon matter fuel that can randomly mix with cooling agent that is in pumpable solid carbonaceous fuel in the liquid carrier, incoming flow with a kind of gas that contains free oxygen that can randomly mix with cooling agent, wherein, said burner comprises: a cylindrical shape centre pipe, and its longitudinal center's axis is coaxial with longitudinal center's axis of burner; An expedite convergence outlet nozzle develops into the vertical cylinder part that has the round exit hole in the downstream of centre pipe; Be connected, be used for locking device with its sealing with the upstream extremity of above-mentioned centre pipe; Input unit is communicated with the upstream extremity of above-mentioned centre pipe, be used for introducing with cooling agent and mix or unmixed gas feed stream, its velocity interval is approximately 6m/s (20 feet per second) to the velocity of sound, and incoming flow comprises the gas that contains free oxygen that can randomly mix with cooling agent, the hydrocarbon class gas that perhaps can randomly mix with cooling agent or a part of product recyclegas; One along its length and above-mentioned centre pipe concentric co-axial and be arranged in second conduit in the centre pipe outside, and the outlet nozzle of its convergence develops into a straight cylinder shape part that has the round exit hole in the downstream of second conduit; The device that is used for radially separating the above-mentioned centre pipe and second conduit and between them, forms one first circular passage, this circular passage is developing into a vertical circular passage near the downstream end place; Be connected and with the locking device of their sealings at their upstream extremity with above-mentioned second conduit and first circular passage, above-mentioned centre pipe is by the upstream blind end of above-mentioned second conduit, and forms a gas-tight seal with it; With the input unit that the upstream extremity of above-mentioned second conduit is communicated with, be used for introducing the first above-mentioned reactant feed streams; One along its length and the above-mentioned second conduit concentric co-axial and be arranged in the outer catheter in second conduit outside; Be used for radially separating above-mentioned second conduit and outer catheter and form the device of one second circular passage between them, described circular passage develops into a truncated cone towards the convergence of downstream; Be connected so that seal their locking device in their end, upstream with outer catheter with second circular passage, described second conduit also forms a gas-tight seal with it by the upstream extremity of the sealing of outer catheter, the input unit that is communicated with the upstream extremity of above-mentioned outer catheter is used for a kind of gas feed stream that contains free oxygen that can randomly mix with cooling agent is introduced in above-mentioned second circular passage, and its velocity interval is approximately 6m/s (20 feet per second) to the velocity of sound; Independently feed conduit externally is connected with each above-mentioned input unit; And in each above-mentioned feed conduit, current velocity controller is arranged, be used for controlling respectively flow velocity by the feeding liquid stream of above-mentioned feed conduit; With surperficial flange connecting device outside the above-mentioned outer catheter in order to downwards during the aperture at the top by gas generator, to aim at longitudinal center's axis of said burner along the central axis of gas generator in the downstream of said burner; The metal cooling device of the pottery of a porous or porous is connected with the nozzle of said burner; The supply of cooling fluid is communicated with above-mentioned porous cooling device with discharger, wherein above-mentioned porous cooling device comprises a porous rigid material with uniform composition, uniform wall thickness and even porosity, and this material comprises the inner surface and the outer surface of porous and the porous core that has various interconnective holes; Above-mentioned partial oxidation occurs in the reaction zone of gravity flow gas generator, its autoignition temperature is about 1700 °F-3500 °F, pressure is about 1-300 atmospheric pressure, it is characterized in that, this method may further comprise the steps: (1) makes first circular passage of first reactant feeding liquid stream by burner, wherein said liquid stream comprises the slurry that is in the solid carbonaceous fuel in the liquid carrier, or the liquid hydrocarbon matter fuel that can randomly mix with cooling agent, its temperature is about room temperature to 260 ℃ (500), pressure is about 1-304 crust (1-300 atmospheric pressure), flow velocity is about 0.3-15m/s (1-50 feet per second), the flow velocity of the above-mentioned cooling fluid by above-mentioned porous end cooling device is controllable, above-mentioned porous end cooling device contains a centre bore, is used to make above-mentioned feeding liquid stream to flow freely into reaction zone; At least a portion of above-mentioned cooling fluid is greater than the pressure in the above-mentioned gasifier and be about 0.07-42 crust (1-600 pound/inch
2) pressure down by the hole on the above-mentioned porous cooling device, and vaporize, thereby cooled off the nozzle of said burner; Make the end of the above-mentioned centre pipe and/or second conduit or, perhaps end on the same plane that has the outer catheter outlet opening vertical with the longitudinal axis of burner from outer catheter outlet opening retraction upwards; One cylindrical slurry stream that has gas core is crossed burner portion before, and be subjected to the impact of the high velocity stream of one gas that contains free oxygen that can randomly mix with cooling agent, described impact occurs in nozzle place, the nozzle of burner and swims before or under the nozzle, evenly mixes with the gas that contains free oxygen so that form a kind of feeding slurry of spraying and make.
14. the method according to claim 13 is characterized in that, above-mentioned cooling fluid is water or liquid carbon dioxide.
15. the method according to claim 14 is characterized in that, described water is through filtering and softening or purifying and distillation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93118217 CN1056916C (en) | 1993-09-28 | 1993-09-28 | Partial oxidation prcess and burner with porous tip |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93118217 CN1056916C (en) | 1993-09-28 | 1993-09-28 | Partial oxidation prcess and burner with porous tip |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1101113A CN1101113A (en) | 1995-04-05 |
| CN1056916C true CN1056916C (en) | 2000-09-27 |
Family
ID=4992385
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93118217 Expired - Fee Related CN1056916C (en) | 1993-09-28 | 1993-09-28 | Partial oxidation prcess and burner with porous tip |
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| CN (1) | CN1056916C (en) |
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1993
- 1993-09-28 CN CN 93118217 patent/CN1056916C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN101949538A (en) * | 2010-09-06 | 2011-01-19 | 昆明理工大学 | Combustion nozzle with internal cooling channel and external cooling channel for gasifying powdery carbon fuel |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1101113A (en) | 1995-04-05 |
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