CN105688902A - Preparation method of novel efficient automobile exhaust purification catalyst - Google Patents
Preparation method of novel efficient automobile exhaust purification catalyst Download PDFInfo
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- CN105688902A CN105688902A CN201610127829.7A CN201610127829A CN105688902A CN 105688902 A CN105688902 A CN 105688902A CN 201610127829 A CN201610127829 A CN 201610127829A CN 105688902 A CN105688902 A CN 105688902A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
- B01J23/63—Platinum group metals with rare earths or actinides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
- B01D53/945—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific catalyst
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/01—Engine exhaust gases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
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- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a novel efficient automobile exhaust purification catalyst. Temperature-resistant aluminum oxide coating alumina gel is prepared with an own patent technology (with the patent number: ZL201310083278.8), rare earth and alkaline earth metal elements in the temperature-resistant aluminum oxide coating alumina gel can inhibit high-temperature phase change, and the high specific surface area at the high temperature is realized; the aluminum oxide coating alumina gel and a binder are mixed and molded, a catalyst molding carrier is prepared, and the advantages of lightness and high strength of the carrier are guaranteed; finally, precious metal is taken as the main body and combined with other active components, and the catalyst is assembled on the surface and inside the aluminum oxide carrier. The catalyst prepared with the method is light in mass and good in temperature resistance and has higher adsorption performance, so that the exhaust conversion rate is effectively increased, and a series of problems of large volume, low conversion rate, short service life and the like of catalysts due to the fact that cordierite as a carrier is heavier in mass, aluminum oxide coatings on the surface fall easily and the like are solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fabricating technology of a kind of new and effective cleaning catalyst for tail gases of automobiles, the preparation method being specifically related to a kind of long-life, effective catalyst。
Background technology
Haze is mainly made up of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and pellet three, combines with fog, allows sky moment become gloomily gloomy and greatly to endanger healthy。Automotive emission, commercial production, warming burn Atmospheric particulates (PM10, PM2.5) the concentration increase that coal etc. causes, are the key factors of haze generation。Latest data shows, motor-vehicle tail-gas is one of main component of haze granule composition, and purifying vehicle exhaust has become the mandatory rules of law in many countries。Compared with the state such as American-European, China's exhaust emission standard performs relatively later, and aggregate level is not high, along with the enhancing that attention and people's environmental protection of environmental pollution look like, governments at all levels have formulated increasingly stricter discharge standard, and the exploitation of efficient automobile tail gas catalytic purification technology is imperative。
Atmospheric pollution composition main component involved in vehicle exhaust includes carbon monoxide (CO), Hydrocarbon (THC, NMHC) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), needed to purify through exhaust purifier before being discharged into air, by catalytic reaction, harmful constituent is changed into innocuous gas。Although the mainly gaseous contaminant of motor vehicle exhaust emission, but run into the greasy weather, also it is easily converted to second particle pollutant, increases the weight of haze。
Orthodox car tai-gas clean-up catalyst mainly with cordierite for carrier, surface coating aluminium oxide film glue, then the noble metal such as Supported Pt Nanoparticles (Pt), palladium (Pd) and rhodium (Rh), and promoter cerium (Ce), zirconium (Zr), lanthanum (La), chromium (Cr) etc.。But easily occurring that catalyst support volume is heavier, film glue easily comes off obstruction gas circuit, affects the transformation efficiency of tail gas harmful gas and the service life of catalyst。Therefore, development of new catalyst carrier and the industrialization with noble metal isoreactivity component thereof assemble, and become the research emphasis of cleaning catalyst for tail gases of automobiles。
Summary of the invention
The preparation method that the technical problem that present invention mainly solves is to provide a kind of new and effective cleaning catalyst for tail gases of automobiles, there is light weight, heat resistance good, there is bigger absorption property simultaneously, thus being effectively improved tail gas conversion ratio, do not use cordierite as catalyst carrier for purifying vehicle tail gas, but directly utilize aluminium oxide film aluminium glue and high intensity carrier prepared by binding agent, assemble with noble metal isoreactivity component again, thus preparing cleaning catalyst for tail gases of automobiles efficient, long-life。
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the preparation method that the present invention provides a kind of new and effective cleaning catalyst for tail gases of automobiles, including:
(1) heatproof aluminium oxide film aluminium glue is prepared；
(2) heatproof aluminium oxide film aluminium glue is mediated in vacuum deairing machine with the aqueous solution containing highly effective binder, then through vacuum-extruder molding, dry at 100 DEG C in drying room again, roasting 3h at 550 DEG C in calcining kiln, obtain lightweight, heatproof catalyst carrier for purifying vehicle tail gas；
(3) solid-state platinum nitrate, Palladous nitrate., rhodium nitrate being put into formation mixture in deionized water, mass concentration (is counted) as 0.2-2wt% solution with oxide, platinum oxide, Palladium monoxide, rhodium oxide mass ratio be: 1:0.5:0.2；
(4) catalyst carrier of step (2) gained is put into dipping absorption in the solution of step (3) gained, and dip time is 6-24h；
(5) dry 3-5h in drying oven is put in catalyst carrier taking-up saturated for absorption in step (4), produce preformed catalyst；
(6) preformed catalyst after step (5) being dried is sent in calcining kiln, at 500-700 DEG C of roasting 2-7h;
(7) cleaning catalyst for tail gases of automobiles after step (6) roasting is carried out after-treatment then through step (3), (4), (5) and (6) and both obtain final products-cleaning catalyst for tail gases of automobiles；
In described step (2) highly effective binder be in nitric acid, nitric acid aluminium glue, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyurethane one or more, described binding agent shared mass percent in the solution is 1.5-6.0%。
In one preferred embodiments of the present invention, in described step (3), the mass concentration (counting with oxide) of mixture is 0.5-1.5wt%。
In one preferred embodiments of the present invention, in described step (4), dip time is 8-16h。
In one preferred embodiments of the present invention, in described step (6), sintering temperature is 550-650 DEG C, and roasting time is 3-5h。
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the heatproof aluminium oxide film aluminium glue that own patented technology is prepared is utilized directly to prepare catalyst carrier, there is light weight, heat resistance is good, specific surface is high advantage, it is to avoid cordierite is heavier as carrier quality, surface alumina oxide film glue is easy to fall off etc. and cause that catalyst volume is big, low conversion rate and the series of problems such as service life is short；
2, utilize heatproof aluminium oxide film aluminium glue directly to prepare catalyst carrier and there is more micropore, more high-specific surface area, there is bigger absorption property, in unit volume can the more noble metal of load, thus being effectively improved tail gas conversion ratio；
3, because carrier contains certain rare earth and alkali earth metal, promoter need not therefore be added in preparing catalyst process, thus catalyst manufacturing process can be simplified。
Detailed description of the invention
Technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments。Based on the embodiment in the present invention, all other embodiments that those of ordinary skill in the art obtain under not making creative work premise, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention。
Embodiment 1
(1) utilize own patented technology (patent No.: ZL201310083278.8) to prepare heatproof and be coated with pellumina aluminium glue；
(2) heatproof aluminium oxide film aluminium glue is mediated in vacuum deairing machine with nitric acid and aluminum nitrate glue solution, then through vacuum-extruder molding, dry at 100 DEG C in drying room again, roasting 3h at 550 DEG C in calcining kiln, obtain lightweight, heatproof catalyst carrier for purifying vehicle tail gas；
(3) solid-state platinum nitrate, Palladous nitrate., rhodium nitrate being put into the mass concentration (counting with oxide) forming mixture in deionized water is 0.5wt% solution, platinum oxide: Palladium monoxide: the mass ratio of rhodium oxide is: 1:0.5:0.2；
(4) catalyst carrier of step (2) gained being put in the solution of step (3) gained, dip time is 8h；
(5) dry 3-5h in drying oven is put in catalyst carrier taking-up saturated for absorption in step (4)；
(6) preformed catalyst after step (5) being dried is sent in calcining kiln at 580 DEG C of roasting 3h;
(7) cleaning catalyst for tail gases of automobiles after step (6) roasting is carried out second time process then through step (3), (4), (5) and (6) and both obtain final products-cleaning catalyst for tail gases of automobiles。
The catalyst of gained is used for purifying vehicle exhaust, and test result is in Table 1。
Embodiment 2
(1) own patented technology (patent No.: ZL201310083278.8) is utilized to prepare heatproof aluminium oxide film aluminium glue；
(2) heatproof aluminium oxide film aluminium glue is mediated in vacuum deairing machine with the aqueous solution containing nitric acid and polyvinyl alcohol, then through vacuum-extruder molding, dry at 100 DEG C in drying room again, roasting 3h at 550 DEG C in calcining kiln, obtain lightweight, heatproof catalyst carrier for purifying vehicle tail gas；
(3) solid-state platinum nitrate, Palladous nitrate., rhodium nitrate being put into the mass concentration (counting with oxide) forming mixture in deionized water is 1.0wt% solution, platinum oxide: Palladium monoxide: the mass ratio of rhodium oxide is: 1:0.5:0.2；
(4) catalyst carrier of step (2) gained being put in the solution of step (3) gained, dip time is 10h；
(5) dry 3-5h in drying oven is put in catalyst carrier taking-up saturated for absorption in step (4)；
(6) preformed catalyst after step (5) being dried is sent in calcining kiln at 600 DEG C of roasting 3.5h;
(7) cleaning catalyst for tail gases of automobiles after step (6) roasting is carried out second time process then through step (3), (4), (5) and (6) and both obtain final products-cleaning catalyst for tail gases of automobiles。
The catalyst of gained is used for purifying vehicle exhaust, and test result is in Table 1。
Embodiment 3
(1) own patented technology (patent No.: ZL201310083278.8) is utilized to prepare heatproof aluminium oxide film aluminium glue；
(2) heatproof aluminium oxide film aluminium glue is mediated in vacuum deairing machine with the aqueous solution containing nitric acid and polyvinyl acetate, then through vacuum-extruder molding, dry at 100 DEG C in drying room again, roasting 3h at 550 DEG C in calcining kiln, obtain lightweight, heatproof catalyst carrier for purifying vehicle tail gas；
(3) solid-state platinum nitrate, Palladous nitrate., rhodium nitrate being put into the mass concentration (counting with oxide) forming mixture in deionized water is 1.5wt% solution, platinum oxide: Palladium monoxide: the mass ratio of rhodium oxide is: 1:0.5:0.2；
(4) catalyst carrier of step (2) gained being put in the solution of step (3) gained, dip time is 12h；
(5) dry 3-5h in drying oven is put in catalyst carrier taking-up saturated for absorption in step (4)；
(6) preformed catalyst after step (5) being dried is sent in calcining kiln at 620 DEG C of roasting 4h;
(7) cleaning catalyst for tail gases of automobiles after step (6) roasting is carried out second time process then through step (3), (4), (5) and (6) and both obtain final products-cleaning catalyst for tail gases of automobiles。
The catalyst of gained is used for purifying vehicle exhaust, and test result is in Table 1。
Embodiment 4
(1) own patented technology (patent No.: ZL201310083278.8) is utilized to prepare heatproof aluminium oxide film aluminium glue；
(2) heatproof aluminium oxide film aluminium glue is mediated in vacuum deairing machine with the aqueous solution containing nitric acid and polyurethane, then through vacuum-extruder molding, dry at 100 DEG C in drying room again, roasting 3h at 550 DEG C in calcining kiln, obtain lightweight, heatproof catalyst carrier for purifying vehicle tail gas；
(3) solid-state platinum nitrate, Palladous nitrate., rhodium nitrate are put into mass concentration (in oxide) the 1.5wt% solution forming mixture in deionized water, platinum oxide: Palladium monoxide: the mass ratio of rhodium oxide is: 1:0.5:0.2；
(4) catalyst carrier of step (2) gained being put in the solution of step (3) gained, dip time is 16h；
(5) dry 3-5h in drying oven is put in catalyst carrier taking-up saturated for absorption in step (4)；
(6) preformed catalyst after step (5) being dried is sent in calcining kiln at 650 DEG C of roasting 5h;
(7) cleaning catalyst for tail gases of automobiles after step (6) roasting is carried out second time process then through step (3), (4), (5) and (6) and both obtain final products-cleaning catalyst for tail gases of automobiles。
The catalyst of gained is used for purifying vehicle exhaust, and test result is in Table 1。
Embodiment 5
(1) own patented technology (patent No.: ZL201310083278.8) is utilized to prepare heatproof aluminium oxide film aluminium glue；
(2) heatproof aluminium oxide film aluminium glue is mediated in vacuum deairing machine with the aqueous solution containing nitric acid and polyacrylate, then through vacuum-extruder molding, dry at 100 DEG C in drying room again, roasting 3h at 550 DEG C in calcining kiln, obtain lightweight, heatproof catalyst carrier for purifying vehicle tail gas；
(3) solid-state platinum nitrate, Palladous nitrate., rhodium nitrate are put into mass concentration (in oxide) the 0.3wt% solution forming mixture in deionized water, platinum oxide: Palladium monoxide: the mass ratio of rhodium oxide is: 1:0.5:0.2；
(4) catalyst carrier of step (2) gained being put in the solution of step (3) gained, dip time is 6h；
(5) dry 3-5h in drying oven is put in catalyst carrier taking-up saturated for absorption in step (4)；
(6) preformed catalyst after step (5) being dried is sent in calcining kiln at 500 DEG C of roasting 2h;
(7) cleaning catalyst for tail gases of automobiles after step (6) roasting is carried out second time process then through step (3), (4), (5) and (6) and both obtain final products-cleaning catalyst for tail gases of automobiles。
The catalyst of gained is used for purifying vehicle exhaust, and test result is in Table 1。
Embodiment 6
(1) own patented technology (patent No.: ZL201310083278.8) is utilized to prepare heatproof aluminium oxide film aluminium glue；
(2) heatproof aluminium oxide film aluminium glue is mediated in vacuum deairing machine with the aqueous solution containing nitric acid aluminium glue and polyurethane, then through vacuum-extruder molding, dry at 100 DEG C in drying room again, roasting 3h at 550 DEG C in calcining kiln, obtain lightweight, heatproof catalyst carrier for purifying vehicle tail gas；
(3) solid-state platinum nitrate, Palladous nitrate., rhodium nitrate are put into mass concentration (in oxide) the 2.0wt% solution forming mixture in deionized water, platinum oxide: Palladium monoxide: the mass ratio of rhodium oxide is: 1:0.5:0.2；
(4) catalyst carrier of step (2) gained being put in the solution of step (3) gained, dip time is 20h；
(5) dry 3-5h in drying oven is put in catalyst carrier taking-up saturated for absorption in step (4)；
(6) preformed catalyst after step (5) being dried is sent in calcining kiln at 700 DEG C of roasting 7h;
(7) cleaning catalyst for tail gases of automobiles after step (6) roasting is carried out second time process then through step (3), (4), (5) and (6) and both obtain final products-cleaning catalyst for tail gases of automobiles。
The catalyst of gained is used for purifying vehicle exhaust, and test result is in Table 1。
Table 1 example exhaust emissions measures test result。
Claims (4)
1. the preparation method of a new and effective cleaning catalyst for tail gases of automobiles, it is characterised in that including:
(1) heatproof aluminium oxide film aluminium glue is prepared；
(2) heatproof aluminium oxide film aluminium glue is mediated in vacuum deairing machine with the aqueous solution containing highly effective binder, then through vacuum-extruder molding, dry at 100 DEG C in drying room again, roasting 3h at 550 DEG C in calcining kiln, obtain lightweight, heatproof catalyst carrier for purifying vehicle tail gas；
(3) solid-state platinum nitrate, Palladous nitrate., rhodium nitrate being put into formation mixture in deionized water, mass concentration (is counted) as 0.2-2wt% solution with oxide, platinum oxide, Palladium monoxide, rhodium oxide mass ratio be: 1:0.5:0.2；
(4) catalyst carrier of step (2) gained is put into dipping absorption in the solution of step (3) gained, and dip time is 6-24h；
(5) dry 3-5h in drying oven is put in catalyst carrier taking-up saturated for absorption in step (4), produce preformed catalyst；
(6) preformed catalyst after step (5) being dried is sent in calcining kiln, at 500-700 DEG C of roasting 2-7h;
(7) cleaning catalyst for tail gases of automobiles after step (6) roasting is carried out after-treatment then through step (3), (4), (5) and (6) and both obtain final products-cleaning catalyst for tail gases of automobiles；
In described step (2) highly effective binder be in nitric acid, nitric acid aluminium glue, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyurethane one or more, described binding agent shared mass percent in the solution is 1.5-6.0%。
2. the preparation method of new and effective cleaning catalyst for tail gases of automobiles according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step (3), the mass concentration (counting with oxide) of mixture is 0.5-1.5wt%。
3. the preparation method of new and effective cleaning catalyst for tail gases of automobiles according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step (4), dip time is 8-16h。
4. the preparation method of new and effective cleaning catalyst for tail gases of automobiles according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step (6), sintering temperature is 550-650 DEG C, and roasting time is 3-5h。
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Cited By (2)
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| CN113376310A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-09-10 | 上海松柏传感技术有限公司 | Preparation method of gas-sensitive material for combustible gas sensor and product |
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| CN106563446A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-04-19 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Light carrier catalyst for catalytically eliminating nitric oxide and preparation and application thereof |
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