CN105688667A - Method for carrying out denitration on sintering flue gas by utilizing sensible heat of blast furnace slag - Google Patents
Method for carrying out denitration on sintering flue gas by utilizing sensible heat of blast furnace slag Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and in particular relates to a method for carrying out denitration on sintering flue gas by utilizing sensible heat of blast furnace slag. According to the method, the sintering flue gas is dehumidified after desulfurization and then is used for direct heat exchange at the high temperature stage and indirect heat exchange at the medium temperature stage in a dry granulation process of the blast furnace slag; the cooled blast furnace slag is used as cement ingredient; after dust collection, the temperature of the flue gas treated by heat exchange is maintained to be above 300 DEG C; selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is used for carrying out denitration on the flue gas, the removal rate of NOx in the flue gas is more than 85%, and the temperature of the denitrated flue gas is higher than 250 DEG C; the method can be used for waste heat power generation or hot air sintering, ignition combustion-supporting and sintering ore preheating of a sintering machine. The method has the advantages of being high in processing capacity and good in applicability, being capable of fully utilizing the sensible heat of the blast furnace slag, being low in operating cost, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental technology field, particularly to a kind of method utilizing blast-furnace cement sensible heat to be sintered denitrating flue gas。
Background technology
Steel production in China is based on the long flow process of blast furnace-converter, and sintering deposit accounts for the 70%～75% of blast furnace burden, sintering circuit dust emission and SO2Discharge accounts for China's industrial dust and SO2The 5% and 3% of discharge, sintering circuit also discharges substantial amounts of NO simultaneouslyx, HF, HCl, the harmful substance such as heavy metal and two English, become the primary pollution source of atmospheric pollution。Current sintering flue gas desulfurization is ripe technically, and method also has multiple, and the domestic sintering desulfuration facility that puts into operation that builds up there are about 650 sets。And make little progress in the construction of sintering denitrating flue gas, the sintering denitrification apparatus that China has been reported that is less than 10, and wherein generally acknowledging that removal effect is reasonable has activated carbon method, and activated carbon technology can remove SO simultaneouslyx、NOxAnd two English and other unwanted volatiles, but the investment of this technique is big, operating cost is high, it is difficult to universal。Other are in SCR (SCR) the denitration method of power industry maturation application, denitration technology cannot realize owing to the temperature sintering flue gas is low, if by huge for the energy of temperature required for flue gas to catalytic reaction consumption, will also result in operating cost promotion。
In blast furnace slag waste heat utilizes, there is the blast furnace slag of enormous amount in China, and wherein the blast furnace slag of more than 90% all adopts the mode of shrend to process, the many regional water critical shortages of China, such processing mode wastes substantial amounts of water resource, the huge latent heat also contained by the liquid blast furnace of temperature 1500 DEG C on the other hand waste on the one hand。Usual blast furnace water quenching can only reclaim the heat of slag 10% after processing, all the other heats of 90% can only waste。The physical thermal 1.5GJ (being equivalent to 416KW h) that liquid blast furnace per ton has, even if reclaiming the heat of 50%, the heat of 1 ton of blast furnace slag recovery also can reach 0.75GJ (being equivalent to 208KW h), and therefore energy-saving potential is huge。Land use systems mainly utilize blast furnace slag waste heat carry out steam-electric power and plant area's heating。Reduce sintering air leak rate of air curtain, improve blast-furnace cement sensible heat utilization ratio, utilize the sensible heat that blast furnace slag itself has as the temperature required thermal source of heat-agglomerating desulfurization fume to SCR (SCR) denitration reaction, have enough guarantees from the angle of energy source。
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method utilizing blast-furnace cement sensible heat to be sintered denitrating flue gas。
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme is that
The present invention provides a kind of method utilizing blast-furnace cement sensible heat to be sintered denitrating flue gas, comprises the steps:
(1) dehumidifying: introduced in flue gas dehydrating unit 6 from flue gas desulfurization device 5 by sintering flue gas, dehumidify, removes the steam in desulfurization fume；
(2) heat exchange: the desulfurization fume after dehumidifying carries out dry granulation high temperature section direct heat transfer with blast furnace slag 10 respectively and middle-temperature section indirect heat exchange 14 carries out indirect heat exchange；Make the desulfurization fume temperature after heat exchange higher than 300 DEG C；
(3) dedusting: input high-temperature dust removing device 17 after desulfurization fume heat exchange and carry out high-temperature dust removal, make heat smoke dustiness lower than SCR SCR denitration desired concn；
(4) denitration: the desulfurization fume input SCR denitration device 19 after high-temperature dust removal carries out SCR SCR denitration。
In described step (1), the difference according to temperature, selected from CaCl2, LiCl, LiBr, one or more dehumidizers in quick lime dehumidify。
In described step (1), after first desulfurization fume being reduced uniform temperature, low temperature dehumidification agent is selected to dehumidify。
When adopting quick lime to adsorb the steam in desulfurization steam as dehumidizer, the quick lime of digestion is used for sintering smoke wet method sulphur。
In described step (2), during the high temperature desulfurizing flue gas after high temperature section direct heat transfer enters after mixing with the desulfurization fume of non-heat exchange, temperature blast furnace slag indirect heat exchange carries out middle-temperature section indirect heat exchange。
In described step (2), desulfurization fume after high temperature section direct heat transfer and middle-temperature section indirect heat exchange, mixes respectively。
In described step (4), the catalyst that SCR SCR denitration adopts is suitable in sintering desulfuration flue gas NOxThe low temperature catalyst of content feature。
In described step (4), the catalyst that SCR SCR denitration adopts is selected from V2O5-WO3/TiO2、V2O5-MoO3/TiO2And V2O5/TiO2In one or more。
In described step (4), the reducing agent that SCR SCR denitration adopts is ammonia still process water, and ammonia still process coolant-temperature gage is greater than or equal to the temperature of desulfurization fume after dedusting。
Flue gas after step (1) dehumidifies can first pass through heat-exchange system and denitration after flue gas carry out heat exchange, the flue-gas temperature after heat exchange increases by 50～150 DEG C, then again with Dry granulation of BF slag high temperature section or middle-temperature section heat exchange。
After described step (2), the blast furnace slag after heat exchange is transported to the cement plant base stock as manufacture of cement。
After described step (4), farther include the step of following denitration using waste heat from tail gas recycling: tail gas after denitration is incorporated to the heating of built sintering exhaust-heat boiler high-temperature flue gas system, and steam is incorporated to steam pipe system or the direct generation of electricity；Or tail gas is used for the fuel of sintering machine hot gas sintering, igniting combustion supporting, pre-heat sinter after denitration。
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention is:
1, this process makes full use sensible heat resource of blast furnace slag, is greatly lowered operating cost and realizes the purpose of economic denitration。
2, the blast furnace slag after sintered dry fume granulation can as the raw material of manufacture of cement, it is achieved that the utilization of blast furnace slag maximal efficiency。
3, the method suitability is strong, for different sintering machine equipment configurations, can both may be used for built sintering desulfuration enterprise and also can build desulfuring and denitrifying apparatus in newly-built enterprise simultaneously。
4, after denitration, fume afterheat resource makes full use of, and after denitration, flue gas can be accessed by existing smoke and waste steam boiler system, it is also possible to carry out hot gas sintering, igniting combustion supporting or pre-heat sinter in sintering machine self。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the present invention utilizes blast-furnace cement sensible heat to be sintered the method schematic diagram of denitrating flue gas。
Accompanying drawing therein is labeled as:
1 sintering machine 2 sintering deposit
3 electric dust collector 4 sintering dust blower fans
5 flue gas desulfurization device 6 flue gas dehydrating units
7 sintering flue gas desulfurization dehumidifying blower fan 8 direct heat transfer air intake valves
9 liquid slag grain gasifying device 10 blast furnace slags
11 direct heat transfer drain tap 12 atomization cooling waters
Temperature blast furnace slag indirect heat exchange in 13 forced cooling devices 14
15 indirect heat exchange medium valve 16 cement plants
17 high-temperature dust removing device 18 desulfidation tail gas heat-exchange dedusting blower fans
19SCR denitrification apparatus 20 denitration blower fan
21 chimneys
Detailed description of the invention
, sintered flue gas desulfurization device low based on blast-furnace cement sensible heat utilization rate becomes basically universal; denitration is without the present situation of economically feasible technology; the present invention proposes and utilizes blast-furnace cement sensible heat; Dry granulation of BF slag high temperature section direct heat transfer, middle-temperature section indirect heat exchange it is used for after being dehumidified by sintering desulfuration flue gas; after heat exchange, flue-gas temperature reaches the method passing through SCR (SCR) denitration after more than 300 DEG C after dedusting, and the flue gas after denitration can be used for generating or sintering machine hot gas sintering, igniting combustion supporting and pre-heat sinter more than 250 DEG C。Blast furnace slag temperature after desulfurization fume heat exchange is at about 320 DEG C, then passes into air and be cooled to less than 100 DEG C, is sent to cement plant as the dispensing producing cement。
The present invention utilizes the method that blast-furnace cement sensible heat is sintered denitrating flue gas, comprises the steps:
(1) dehumidifying: introduced in flue gas dehydrating unit 6 from flue gas desulfurization device 5 by sintering flue gas, dehumidify, removes the steam in desulfurization fume；
(2) heat exchange: the desulfurization fume after dehumidifying carries out dry granulation high temperature section direct heat transfer with blast furnace slag 10 respectively and middle-temperature section indirect heat exchange 14 carries out indirect heat exchange；Make the desulfurization fume temperature after heat exchange higher than 300 DEG C；
(3) dedusting: input high-temperature dust removing device 17 after desulfurization fume heat exchange and carry out high-temperature dust removal, make heat smoke dustiness lower than SCR SCR denitration desired concn；
(4) denitration: the desulfurization fume input SCR denitration device 19 after high-temperature dust removal carries out SCR SCR denitration。
The dehumidifying operation described in described step (1) difference according to temperature, adopts CaCl2, LiCl, LiBr, one or more combination in quick lime or the good dehumidizer of other high temperature resistant effect on moisture extraction dehumidify。Also in combinations with performance driving economy, low temperature dehumidification agent after desulfurization fume reduces uniform temperature, is taked to dehumidify。
When adopting the steam in quick lime absorption desulfurization steam in described step (1), the quick lime of digestion can be used for sintering smoke wet method sulphur。
Flue gas after described step (1) dehumidifying can first pass through heat-exchange system and denitration after flue gas carry out heat exchange, the flue-gas temperature after heat exchange can increase by 50～150 DEG C。
After described step (2) high temperature section direct heat transfer, high-temperature gas optionally directly can be mixed into middle temperature blast furnace slag indirect heat exchange with non-heat exchange flue gas, desulfurization fume part also can be used for high temperature section direct heat transfer, part is for middle-temperature section indirect heat exchange, mix after heat exchange, and coordinate sintering machine to reduce air leak rate of air curtain measure, to ensure through heat-exchange temperature desulfurization fume amount more than 300 DEG C。
Described step (4) is selective-catalytic-reduction denitrified, it is possible to directly select the selective-catalytic-reduction denitrified pattern of existing maturation, it is possible to for sintering desulfuration flue gas NOxContent feature exploitation special low temperature catalyst。
The catalyst that described SCR (SCR) denitration adopts can adopt V2O5-WO3/TiO2、V2O5-MoO3/TiO2、V2O5/TiO2Or other are applicable to sintering desulfuration flue gas NOxThe low temperature catalyst of content feature。
The reducing agent that described step (4) adopts should select ammonia still process water, obtains the temperature greater than or equal to dust-removal and desulfurizing flue gas by vaporizer or other modes。
Production concrete condition according to different enterprises, can be incorporated to the heating of built sintering exhaust-heat boiler high-temperature flue gas system by flue gas after denitration, and steam is incorporated to steam pipe system or the direct generation of electricity；Or for sintering machine hot gas sintering, igniting combustion supporting, pre-heat sinter。
As it is shown in figure 1, the sintering flue gas that sintering machine 1 produces carries out dedusting and desulfurization through electric dust collector 3 and flue gas desulfurization device 5。The present invention provides a kind of system utilizing blast-furnace cement sensible heat to be sintered denitrating flue gas, and this system includes: flue gas dehydrating unit 6, liquid slag grain gasifying device 9, forced cooling device 13, middle temperature blast furnace slag indirect heat exchange 14, high-temperature dust removing device 17 and SCR denitration device 19。
The inlet end of flue gas dehydrating unit 6 and outlet side are connected with the outlet side of flue gas desulfurization device 5 and sintering flue gas desulfurization dehumidifying blower fan 7 respectively；The other end of sintering flue gas desulfurization dehumidifying blower fan 7 is connected respectively at the inlet end of liquid slag grain gasifying device 9 and middle temperature blast furnace slag indirect heat exchange 14 by pipeline；The outlet side of liquid slag grain gasifying device 9 is connected with the inlet end of middle temperature blast furnace slag indirect heat exchange 14；The bottom blast furnace slag discharging opening of liquid slag grain gasifying device 9 is connected with forced cooling device 13；One end of forced cooling device 13 is provided with atomization cooling water 12 entrance, and the outlet that the other end is arranged is connected with middle temperature blast furnace slag indirect heat exchange 14；The middle outlet side of temperature blast furnace slag indirect heat exchange 14 is connected with the inlet end of high-temperature dust removing device 17；The outlet side of high-temperature dust removing device 17 is connected with desulfidation tail gas heat-exchange dedusting blower fan 18；The other end of desulfidation tail gas heat-exchange dedusting blower fan 18 is connected with the inlet end of SCR denitration device 19；The outlet side of SCR denitration device 19 is connected with chimney 21 by denitration blower fan 20。
The inlet end of liquid slag grain gasifying device 9 and outlet side are respectively arranged with direct heat transfer air intake valve 8 and direct heat transfer drain tap 11。
Middle temperature blast furnace slag indirect heat exchange 14 is provided with indirect heat exchange medium outlet, and outlet is provided with indirect heat exchange medium valve 15。
Blast furnace slag after cooling down from forced cooling device 13 transports to cement plant 16。
The present invention utilizes the system work process that blast-furnace cement sensible heat is sintered denitrating flue gas to be:
Sintering desulfuration flue gas through electric dust collector 3 and flue gas desulfurization device 5 is introduced in flue gas dehydrating unit 6 by sintering flue gas desulfurization dehumidifying blower fan 7, dehumidifies；Sintering desulfuration flue gas after dehumidifying enters liquid slag grain gasifying device 9 and carries out high temperature section direct heat transfer；In entering after the high temperature desulfurizing flue gas of high temperature section direct heat transfer mixes with the desulfurization fume of non-heat exchange, temperature blast furnace slag indirect heat exchange 14 carries out middle-temperature section indirect heat exchange；High temperature desulfurizing flue gas after heat exchange enters high-temperature dust removing device 17 and carries out high-temperature dust removal, then, enters back into SCR denitration device 19 and carries out denitration reaction, finally flue gas after denitration processed and utilize。
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described。
Embodiment 1
The sintering flue gas of (1) 120～130 DEG C is discharged from flue gas desulfurization device 5 after wet desulphurization, flue-gas temperature at 55～60 DEG C, water content 75mg/m3, lithium bromide, lithium chloride saline solution that steam that water capacity is higher contains in plastic material dehumidify, and after dehumidifying, the relative humidity of flue gas is 20%～30%；
In dehumidification process, dehumidification solution absorbs the moisture in flue gas, and self concentration reduces, and uses the sintering flue waste heat of 120～130 DEG C that dehumidification solution is carried out concentrating regenerative。
(2) dehumidifying after desulfurization fume first pass through tube heat exchanger with sintering denitrating flue gas after tail gas heat exchange, after heat exchange, flue-gas temperature is at about 100 DEG C；
Heat exchange flue gas and blast furnace slag liquid slag grain gasifying device 9 high temperature section direct heat transfer; then in entering after mixing with non-heat exchange flue gas, temperature blast furnace slag indirect heat exchange 14 carries out middle-temperature section indirect heat exchange, and the blast furnace slag after heat exchange is sent to cement plant 16 after natural cooling and is used as building materials raw material；
Regulate the exhaust gas volumn of indirect heat exchange to ensure that the desulfurization fume temperature after heat exchange is more than 300 DEG C。
(3) carrying out dedusting by high-temperature dust removing device 17 makes dust contained flue gas concentration reach selective-catalytic-reduction denitrified requirement。
(4) in the interior SCR denitration device 19 setting catalyst, pass into ammonia steam carry out reduction denitration, NO in flue gasxExtrusion rate is more than 85%, and selective-catalytic-reduction denitrified reaction equation is as follows:
Above-mentioned two reaction is exothermic reaction, but NO in flue gasxContent is relatively low, and therefore before and after the flue-gas temperature after SCR denitration device 19, change is little；
After denitration, flue gas is directly accessed existing high-temperature flue gas boiler and carries out heat exchange and obtain the high-temperature steam direct generation of electricity or be incorporated to enterprise internal steam pipe net and use。
Embodiment 2
The sintering flue gas of (1) 120～130 DEG C is discharged from flue gas desulfurization device 5 after wet desulphurization, flue-gas temperature at 55～60 DEG C, water content 75mg/m3, lithium bromide, lithium chloride saline solution that steam that water capacity is higher contains in plastic material dehumidify, and after dehumidifying, the relative humidity of flue gas is 20%～30%；
In dehumidification process, dehumidification solution absorbs the moisture in flue gas, and self concentration reduces, and uses the sintering flue waste heat of 120～130 DEG C that dehumidification solution is carried out concentrating regenerative。
(2) dehumidifying after desulfurization fume first pass through tube heat exchanger with sintering denitrating flue gas after tail gas heat exchange, after heat exchange, flue-gas temperature is at about 100 DEG C；
Heat exchange flue gas partial is used for blast furnace slag liquid slag grain gasifying device 9 high temperature section direct heat transfer, and part, for middle temperature blast furnace slag indirect heat exchange 14 indirect heat exchange, mixes after heat exchange, and the blast furnace slag after heat exchange is sent to cement plant 16 after natural cooling；
After ensureing the desulfurization fume mixing of various heat exchange mode, temperature is more than 300 DEG C。
(3) carrying out dedusting by high-temperature dust removing device 17 makes dust contained flue gas concentration reach selective-catalytic-reduction denitrified requirement；
(4) in the interior SCR denitration device 19 setting catalyst, pass into ammonia steam carry out reduction denitration, NO in flue gasxExtrusion rate is more than 85%, and selective-catalytic-reduction denitrified reaction equation is as follows:
Above-mentioned two reaction is exothermic reaction, but NO in flue gasxContent is relatively low, and therefore before and after the flue-gas temperature after SCR denitration device 19, change is little；
After denitration, flue gas is directly accessed existing high-temperature flue gas boiler and carries out heat exchange and obtain the high-temperature steam direct generation of electricity or be incorporated to enterprise internal steam pipe net and use。
It should be noted last that, above example is only in order to illustrate the technical scheme of this method and unrestricted, although this method being described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, the technical scheme of this method can be modified or equivalent replacement, without deviating from the spirit and scope of this method technical scheme, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the right of this method。
Claims (12)
1. one kind utilizes the method that blast-furnace cement sensible heat is sintered denitrating flue gas, it is characterised in that: the method comprises the steps:
(1) dehumidifying: sintering flue gas is introduced in flue gas dehydrating unit (6) from flue gas desulfurization device (5), dehumidifies, remove the steam in desulfurization fume；
(2) heat exchange: the desulfurization fume after dehumidifying carries out dry granulation high temperature section direct heat transfer with blast furnace slag (10) respectively and middle-temperature section indirect heat exchange (14) carries out indirect heat exchange；Make the desulfurization fume temperature after heat exchange higher than 300 DEG C；
(3) dedusting: input high-temperature dust removing device (17) after desulfurization fume heat exchange and carry out high-temperature dust removal, make heat smoke dustiness lower than SCR SCR denitration desired concn；
(4) denitration: desulfurization fume input SCR denitration device (19) after high-temperature dust removal carries out SCR SCR denitration。
2. the method utilizing blast-furnace cement sensible heat to be sintered denitrating flue gas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described step (1), the difference according to temperature, selected from CaCl2, LiCl, LiBr, one or more dehumidizers in quick lime dehumidify。
3. the method utilizing blast-furnace cement sensible heat to be sintered denitrating flue gas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described step (1), after first desulfurization fume being reduced uniform temperature, select low temperature dehumidification agent to dehumidify。
4. the method utilizing blast-furnace cement sensible heat to be sintered denitrating flue gas according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: when adopting quick lime to adsorb the steam in desulfurization steam as dehumidizer, the quick lime of digestion is used for sintering smoke wet method sulphur。
5. the method utilizing blast-furnace cement sensible heat to be sintered denitrating flue gas according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (2), during the high temperature desulfurizing flue gas after high temperature section direct heat transfer enters after mixing with the desulfurization fume of non-heat exchange, temperature blast furnace slag indirect heat exchange carries out middle-temperature section indirect heat exchange。
6. the method utilizing blast-furnace cement sensible heat to be sintered denitrating flue gas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described step (2), desulfurization fume after high temperature section direct heat transfer and middle-temperature section indirect heat exchange, mixes respectively。
7. the method utilizing blast-furnace cement sensible heat to be sintered denitrating flue gas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described step (4), the catalyst that SCR SCR denitration adopts is suitable in sintering desulfuration flue gas NOxThe low temperature catalyst of content feature。
8. the method utilizing blast-furnace cement sensible heat to be sintered denitrating flue gas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described step (4), the catalyst that SCR SCR denitration adopts is selected from V2O5-WO3/TiO2、V2O5-MoO3/TiO2And V2O5/TiO2In one or more。
9. the method utilizing blast-furnace cement sensible heat to be sintered denitrating flue gas according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (4), the reducing agent that SCR SCR denitration adopts is ammonia still process water, and ammonia still process coolant-temperature gage is greater than or equal to the temperature of desulfurization fume after dedusting。
10. the method utilizing blast-furnace cement sensible heat to be sintered denitrating flue gas according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: the flue gas after step (1) dehumidifies can first pass through heat-exchange system and denitration after flue gas carry out heat exchange; flue-gas temperature after heat exchange increases by 50～150 DEG C, then again with Dry granulation of BF slag high temperature section or middle-temperature section heat exchange。
11. the method utilizing blast-furnace cement sensible heat to be sintered denitrating flue gas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: after described step (2), the blast furnace slag after heat exchange is transported to the cement plant base stock as manufacture of cement。
12. the method utilizing blast-furnace cement sensible heat to be sintered denitrating flue gas according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: after described step (4), farther include the step of following denitration using waste heat from tail gas recycling: tail gas after denitration is incorporated to the heating of built sintering exhaust-heat boiler high-temperature flue gas system, and steam is incorporated to steam pipe system or the direct generation of electricity；Or tail gas is used for the fuel of sintering machine hot gas sintering, igniting combustion supporting, pre-heat sinter after denitration。
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| CN110218008B (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2021-11-05 | 华北理工大学 | Method for carrying out iron removal modification on liquid steel slag discharged from furnace by using carbon-containing molten iron |
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