CN105684752B - 一种使红花槭秋季叶片提前变色的外源物质配方 - Google Patents

一种使红花槭秋季叶片提前变色的外源物质配方 Download PDF

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CN105684752B
CN105684752B CN201610057497.XA CN201610057497A CN105684752B CN 105684752 B CN105684752 B CN 105684752B CN 201610057497 A CN201610057497 A CN 201610057497A CN 105684752 B CN105684752 B CN 105684752B
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任杰
唐菲
丁增成
史丹
施六林
傅松玲
金笑龙
朱莹莹
王敬楠
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Anhui Yutianrun Co.,Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明涉及使红花槭秋季叶片提前变色的外源激素种类及其配方，配方为0.1mg/L油菜素+1mg/L赤霉素+3mol/L吲哚丁酸+20g/L蔗糖。该配方于10月15日前后均匀喷施于红花槭叶片，与不喷施的对照相比，10月底，有32%叶片提前4‑6d变红。本方法操作简单，药剂易取，该配方不影响红花槭正常生长，使红花槭叶片秋季变色时间提前，改善秋季叶色，利于延长观叶期，提高秋季观赏价值。

Description

一种使红花槭秋季叶片提前变色的外源物质配方
技术领域：
本发明涉及一种植物的叶色转化机理研究，尤其是红花槭叶色提前表达，是促进红花槭秋季叶片提前变色的外源物质配方。
背景技术：
红花槭原产于加拿大南部、东部以及美国大部，红花槭叶面宽大、叶色亮丽，在园林绿化中被广泛应用。红花槭新生的叶片正面呈微红色，之后变成绿色，直至深绿色，叶背面为灰色；秋天叶片由黄绿色变成黄色或红色，是经典的彩色行道树。
近年，在我国，山东、江苏、安徽、浙江等省区都有引种，部分地区因种源、土壤、温度、温差、湿度等原因变色不及预期。
红花槭的繁殖方式、栽培方式、气候环境对红花槭的叶色变化影响较大，其中实生苗具有适应性强，秋季叶色差异大、变色期不一致等特点。
安徽省农科院农业工程研究所2006年引进红花槭，经多年区域试验，选育并审定了适应安徽气候特点的‘艳红’、‘中国红’等红叶色系红花槭良种，本发明报道的外源物质配方，适用于红花槭红叶色系树种。
前期，对红花槭红叶色系内含物分析研究表明，转色期，其花青素苷含量增加明显（附表1）；基因表达量分析表明，转色后油菜素内酯有关基因表达量上调，这些研究为本发明提供了思路。
发明内容：
本发明要解决的技术问题是针对红花槭秋季叶色表达时间迟、持续时间短、色泽欠佳等缺点，针对现有技术的不足，提出了一种在不影响红花槭正常生长的前提下，通过叶面喷施油菜素、赤霉素、吲哚丁酸、蔗糖等外源物质，使其秋季叶色表达时间提前，提高红花槭秋季叶片的观赏价值，延长观赏时间。
本发明的目的是克服现有红花槭良种变色效果的不足，研究配制便于操作的促使红花槭秋季叶片提前变色的外源激素等物质配方，其特点是：
（1）选择生长健壮的红花槭，在叶片变色前（10月中旬），使用外源物质及配方组合（油菜素0.1mg/L，1mg/L赤霉素，3mol/L 吲哚丁酸，20g/L蔗糖）喷施于上述红花槭叶片。
（2）约一周，再次重复操作喷施药剂。
（3）第二次喷药4-6 d后，约32%叶片提取于未喷施的提前变红，且全株表现较为均匀一致，观叶时间延长5d左右。
本发明弥补有关彩叶树种秋季提前变色技术的不足，通过间隔喷施，在不影响红花槭正常生长前提下，可以使红花槭提前变色，叶色表达明显，且延长观叶期，景观效果好。
本发明操作简便，使用喷雾方法方便、易操作。随着对园林景观的质量也不断提升，红花槭的应用越来越广泛，在保证树木健康生长的前提下，充分发挥景观效果具有良好的推广可行性。
具体实施方式：
红花槭秋季叶片提前变色的外源激素配方：分别配置1 mg/L油菜素，10mg/L赤霉素，30mg/L 吲哚丁酸，200g/L蔗糖的母液，使用时按照1:10倍水稀释并混合上述溶液，制成以上物质组成的混合制剂。
选择未开始变色的生长健壮的红花槭植株，使用上述混合制剂喷施于该红花槭叶片，喷施时间为10 月中旬进行第一次喷施，一周后进行第二次喷施，10月底至11月上旬，可见约有32%叶片比未喷施的对照组提前4-6d变红，提前达到观叶效果，且落叶期与对照相比不变，可有效延长红花槭观叶期。
选择天气预报连续两天无雨的时候进行操作，以便叶片充分吸收，喷施后如遇雨水补需喷一次；喷施时注意均匀喷于叶片，全部沾湿即可。
本实例选择出的4种药剂种类及浓度复合制剂，是经过多种药剂试验及浓度调配后选择出的较为有效的配方，既可以提前叶片观赏期及丰富观赏效果，延长观赏时间，又不会损失叶片，影响植株生长。
附表1叶片转色初期（10月底），喷施处理与对照的叶片色素及可溶性糖含量
注：每列标注相同的数字表示含量差异不显著，不同的数字表示含量差异显著。喷施处理的配方为：0.1mg/L油菜素+1mg/L赤霉素+3mol/L 吲哚丁酸+20g/L蔗糖。CK为对照，即没有喷施上述药剂的空白处理。

Claims (5)

1.一种使红花槭秋季叶片提前变色的方法，其特征在于：选择生长健康的红花槭植株，且叶色遗传基础为红色的群体，变色前，从中选择绿色肥厚叶片，喷施外源物质0.1 mg/L油菜素、1 mg/L赤霉素、3 mol/L吲哚丁酸及20 g/L蔗糖的混合制剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种使红花槭秋季叶片提前变色的方法，其特征在于：于10月15日前后，天气预报2日内无降雨时，选择未变色的健康植株均匀喷施该混合制剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种使红花槭秋季叶片提前变色的方法，其特征在于：进入变色初期，该混合制剂可使红花槭叶片花青素苷含量提高1倍以上，而叶绿素、类胡萝卜素的含量变化不显著，花青素含量的增加可增添叶片着色的色调。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种使红花槭秋季叶片提前变色的方法，其特征在于：喷施过该混合制剂的红花槭叶片，10月下旬开始变红，10月底，有32 %叶片变色，达到较好的观赏效果，变色持续时间达35 d以上，并使其观赏期提前。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种使红花槭秋季叶片提前变色的方法，其特征在于：使用方法为选择上述物质按上述浓度配制后均匀喷施于红花槭叶片，以沾湿全部叶片。
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CN106818904B (zh) * 2017-01-21 2019-09-06 郝炎辉 一种彩叶豆梨变色调控剂及其制备方法
CN107047094A (zh) * 2017-02-14 2017-08-18 安徽省农业科学院农业工程研究所 一种使红花槭秋季叶片提前（定时）定位变色的物理方法
CN109392496A (zh) * 2018-09-26 2019-03-01 中南林业科技大学 一种促进榉树秋季红色叶片加深的方法
CN109644771B (zh) * 2019-02-26 2021-06-22 四川云辰园林科技有限公司 一种红枫发芽生长与落叶调控方法
CN111990105A (zh) * 2020-09-04 2020-11-27 四川七彩林科股份有限公司 一种高效摘除槭树科植物病叶并调控观赏期的方法

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CN104938288B (zh) * 2015-07-23 2017-11-07 连云港市农业科学院 一种促进乌桕叶片秋季变色提高乌桕观赏效果的方法

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